CN102527237B - Method for removing mono-valent negative ion inorganic salt by using nano-filtration constant solvent of forward osmosis technology - Google Patents
Method for removing mono-valent negative ion inorganic salt by using nano-filtration constant solvent of forward osmosis technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN102527237B CN102527237B CN201210028923.9A CN201210028923A CN102527237B CN 102527237 B CN102527237 B CN 102527237B CN 201210028923 A CN201210028923 A CN 201210028923A CN 102527237 B CN102527237 B CN 102527237B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a chemical treatment method, in particular a method for separating mono-valent ions from bivalent or more organics by adopting a film technology. The method comprises the following steps of: separating treated material liquid through a nano-filtration film device, and thus obtaining nano-filtration condensed liquid and nano-filtration salt-contained filtered liquid; and then putting the nano-filtration condensed liquid and the nano-filtration salt-contained filtered liquid which are filtered by the nano-filtration film device into a forward osmosis film device, wherein the nano-filtration condensed liquid serving as driving liquid of the forward osmosis film device is used for performing forward osmosis condensation on the nano-filtration salt-contained filtered liquid, so that a material can be condensed. The method has the advantages that: the treatment can be performed at low temperature or normal temperature, supplied energy caused by temperature raising can be reduced, the method is convenient to operate, and the fixed investment is relatively low; and the separation effect and the condensation effect are relatively good. In the whole process, problems of chemical additives, secondary pollution and the like are solved; and the method is relatively environment-friendly. The method can be widely applied to chemical industrial enterprises.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of chemical treatment method, specifically refer to and a kind ofly utilize membrane technology above and organic matter carries out separated method to monovalent ion and divalence.
Technical background
In organic chemical industry's production process; often can run into the problem that product and intermediate need desalting purifying; in the production process of inorganic chemical industry, often can run into the monovalent ion problem separated with multivalent ion; in traditional technique, often utilize each material different solubility under different condition and carry out separation in water, or utilize chemical precipitation method separated.For example in the production process of agricultural chemicals glyphosate, can produce glyphosate content 1%, the aqueous solution of sodium chloride content 15%, conventional method is that the aqueous solution is concentrated, utilize at high temperature glyphosate solubility greatly to increase and the little principle of sodium chloride changes in solubility, by sodium chloride crystallization, thereby reach the sodium chloride object separated with glyphosate, for another example in the production process of chlor-alkali, in sodium chloride solution, have sodium sulphate enrichment, in order to guarantee the efficiency of electrolysis, sodium sulphate in sodium chloride solution must be removed, traditional method is that solution is cooled to below 0 degree, utilize sodium sulphate solubility with temperature to reduce and diminish, sodium chloride solubility changes little principle with steady decrease, sodium sulphate is separated out to the object that reaches separated.The energy resource consumption of above method is large, cost is high.
Along with the development of membrane technology, nanofiltration is ripe gradually, and nanofiltration constant volume desalting technology is applied." nanofiltration ANALYSIS OF DIAFILTRATION DESALTING " that Yu Sanchuan etc. are published in the 26th the 4th phase of volume of < < water technology > > has detailed narration to nanofiltration constant volume technology.In the process of nanofiltration constant volume desalination, need to add the diafiltration agent of 2～5 times of stostes, nanofiltration to see through in liquid salinity very low, only have 1/2～1/5 of stoste salinity, the salt seeing through in liquid of this part will utilize, and must carry out evaporation and concentrating and just can utilize.Nanofiltration constant volume desalination need to consume a large amount of diafiltration agent as can be seen here, produces a large amount of low concentration salt solution of water simultaneously, is difficult to process.Just because of this, greatly hindered the development of nanofiltration constant volume desalination technology.
Counter-infiltration (RO), just permeate (FO), to ooze (PressureRetarded) be several different processing methods in decompression, in RO process, water diffuses to (Δ π < P) Hyposmolality side solution by pellicle from hyperosmosis side under extraneous pressure-acting, reaches desalination object; In FO process, water diffuses to hyperosmosis side solution from Hyposmolality side under osmotic pressure effect; And in PRO process, maintaining the osmotic pressure of the little solution of hyperosmosis lateral pressure, water spreads paramount infiltration (Δ π > P) from Hyposmolality side under osmotic pressure effect; The pressure that hyperosmosis side keeps is output work continuously, by Conversion of Energy equipment, can obtain electric energy.Above 3 processes are all membrane process, and their realization all needs 2 factors: film and the driving system of selecting permeability.
Positive infiltration technology is mainly used in especially desalinization field of pure water preparation, also applies and new energy field simultaneously.High from Congjie etc., be published in the application that aligns infiltration the 34th the 2nd phase of volume of < < water technology > > " just permeate a----desalt and desalination new way " literary composition and be described.And the research that utilizes positive infiltration technology to carry out nanofiltration constant volume desalination is not also reported.
By positive infiltration technology principle, combine and can greatly expand the application space of nanofiltration constant volume desalination technology with nanofiltration constant volume desalination technology.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiency of existing desalination technology, in conjunction with positive infiltration technology, propose a kind of brand-new nanofiltration constant volume desalination technology; Be the permanent molten method except univalent anion inorganic salts of nanofiltration of the positive infiltration technology of a kind of use, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) processed feed liquid is carried out to separation through nano filter membrance device, obtain nanofiltration concentrate and nanofiltration saliferous percolate;
(2) by above-mentioned, from nano filter membrance device nanofiltration concentrate and nanofiltration saliferous percolate out, enter into forward osmosis membrane device, wherein nanofiltration concentrate is just permeating concentrated as the driving liquid of forward osmosis membrane device to nanofiltration saliferous percolate; Processed feed liquid can be divided into concentrated feed liquid and highly enriched containing saline solution; Wherein the highly enriched saline solution that contains can be discharged system, can process by other mode again, obtain the materials such as solid, and concentrated feed liquid is the material that the present invention need to purify.
As preferably, the nanofiltration of the positive infiltration technology of above-mentioned a kind of use is permanent, and molten except in the method for univalent anion inorganic salts, processed feed liquid is diluted before entering nano filter membrance device, by the molten concentration dilution of salt in feed liquid to salt half of saturated concentration in water.This is also in order to have enough moisture content to apply in ensuing system processing procedure better;
As preferably, the concentrated feed liquid of nanofiltration in the step (2) of the permanent molten method except univalent anion inorganic salts of the nanofiltration of the positive infiltration technology of above-mentioned a kind of use enters into nano filter membrance device again, obtains secondary nanofiltration concentrate and secondary nanofiltration saliferous percolate; Above-mentioned secondary nanofiltration concentrate and secondary nanofiltration saliferous percolate are entered to forward osmosis membrane device again, and wherein secondary nanofiltration concentrate is just permeating concentrated as the driving liquid of forward osmosis membrane device to secondary nanofiltration saliferous percolate; Can further processed feed liquid be divided into concentrated feed liquid and highly enriched containing saline solution; To carrying out after-treatment through the processed feed liquid of single treatment, can make in processed feed liquid separating effect better, separating substances such as monovalent ion and divalent ion or organic acids; In order to realize better separating effect, can be again concentrated feed liquid be carried out to the processing of nano filter membrance device and forward osmosis membrane device, or carry out successively the processing of twice nano filter membrance device and forward osmosis membrane device, obtain concentrating feed liquid and the highly enriched saline solution that contains.In the present invention, nano filter membrance device and forward osmosis membrane device can be regarded as a processing unit, both are two subitems in a complete process process, so described single treatment in the present invention refers to and comprises that nano filter membrance device and forward osmosis membrane device processed respectively once; For twice processing described in the present invention, be a circular treatment of first carrying out nano filter membrance device and forward osmosis membrane device, more concentrated feed liquid is carried out once to above-mentioned circular treatment; For the nano filter membrance device in the present invention and forward osmosis membrane device, be generally to adopt the mode of series connection to connect, certainly can each step implement respectively, and be no longer connected in series, can reduce like this investment of permanent plant, but inconvenient operation.Because processed feed liquid is through repeatedly, the highly enriched concentration containing salt in saline solution wherein neither be very high, can recycle solution such as these water, so the highly enriched saline solution that contains is imported into processed liquor inlet again, mixes with processed feed liquid.And, herein for the third time, in the 4th processing procedure, driving liquid that can be using processed feed liquid as forward osmosis membrane device, concentrates concentrated feed liquid again.
As preferably, the nanofiltration of the positive infiltration technology of above-mentioned a kind of use permanent molten except processed feed liquid in the method for univalent anion inorganic salts be the aqueous solution containing organic acid and univalent anion inorganic salts, wherein organic acid mass fraction is 1～25%, the mass fraction of univalent anion inorganic salts is 3～25%; Or be the inorganic salts that contain divalence or the above anion of divalence and the aqueous solution of univalent anion inorganic salts, wherein the mass fraction of the inorganic salts of divalence or the above anion of divalence is 0.5%～15%, the mass fraction of univalent anion inorganic salts is 3～25%.This is mainly to decide according to the existing capability of current NF membrane, is also to consider the problem that in the present invention, actual needs solves and the design of carrying out simultaneously.As better selection, described univalent anion inorganic salts are sodium chloride, ammonium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, ammonium nitrate or sodium nitrate, and the inorganic salts of described divalence or the above anion of divalence are sodium sulphate, sodium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, ammonium phosphate or potassium phosphate.And the handled univalent anion inorganic salts of nano filter membrance device are that sodium chloride is maximum at present, and effect is also best.
As preferably, the nanofiltration of the positive infiltration technology of above-mentioned a kind of use permanent molten except the membrane material in forward osmosis membrane device in the method for univalent anion inorganic salts be cellulose acetate, its structure is a kind of of flat sheet membrane, hollow-fibre membrane or rolled film.
By the present invention, the concentration of concentrate can be improved constantly, until realize inventor's object.
Beneficial effect: the present invention can carry out under low temperature or normal temperature, can reduce and heat up and the energy is provided, and easy to operate, and fixed investment is less, and separating effect, concentrated effect are better.In whole process, no longer include the appearance of chemical addition agent, secondary pollution problems; So more environmental protection.
The specific embodiment
Below enforcement of the present invention is illustrated:
Embodiment 1
Processed feed liquid is the mixed solution of sodium sulphate and sodium chloride, and wherein the mass fraction of sodium sulphate is 14%, and the mass fraction of sodium chloride is 5%.Get part feed liquid wherein, 25 ℃ of controlled pressure 3.5MPa, temperature enter nano filter membrance device separation, obtain nanofiltration concentrate and nanofiltration saliferous percolate, again above-mentioned nanofiltration concentrate and nanofiltration saliferous percolate are entered into forward osmosis membrane device, wherein nanofiltration concentrate is just permeating concentrated as the driving liquid of forward osmosis membrane device to nanofiltration saliferous percolate; Processed feed liquid can be divided into concentrated feed liquid and highly enriched containing saline solution; Wherein the mass fraction of the sodium chloride in concentrated feed liquid is 1%, and the mass fraction of the sodium chloride in the percolate of high saliferous is 20%.
Embodiment 2
Processed feed liquid is the mixed solution of sodium sulphate and sodium chloride, and wherein the mass fraction of sodium sulphate is 8%, and the mass fraction of sodium chloride is 15%.Get part feed liquid wherein, the mass fraction that first water is diluted to sodium chloride to it is 10%, 25 ℃ of controlled pressure 3.0MPa, temperature enter nano filter membrance device separation, obtain nanofiltration concentrate and nanofiltration saliferous percolate, again above-mentioned nanofiltration concentrate and nanofiltration saliferous percolate are entered into forward osmosis membrane device, wherein nanofiltration concentrate is just permeating concentrated as the driving liquid of forward osmosis membrane device to nanofiltration saliferous percolate; Processed feed liquid can be divided into concentrated feed liquid and highly enriched containing saline solution, and highly enriched containing saline solution discharge system; Again above-mentioned concentrated feed liquid is entered into nano filter membrance device, obtain secondary nanofiltration concentrate and secondary nanofiltration saliferous percolate; Above-mentioned secondary nanofiltration concentrate and secondary nanofiltration saliferous percolate are entered to forward osmosis membrane device again, wherein secondary nanofiltration concentrate as the driving liquid of forward osmosis membrane device, secondary nanofiltration saliferous percolate is just being permeated concentrated, 25 ℃ of controlled pressure 3.0MPa, temperature; Can further processed feed liquid be divided into concentrated feed liquid and highly enriched containing saline solution; Wherein the mass fraction of the sodium chloride in concentrated feed liquid is 2%, and the mass fraction of the sodium chloride in the percolate of high saliferous is 15%.
Embodiment 3
The concentrated feed liquid obtaining after embodiment 2 is processed is carried out single treatment, the processing that enters nano filter membrance device and forward osmosis membrane device, 25 ℃ of controlled pressure 3.0MPa, temperature again; The mass fraction that finally can obtain sodium chloride in concentrated feed liquid is 0.5%.
Embodiment 4
According to the operated process of embodiment 2, processed feed liquid is the mixed solution of glyphosate and sodium chloride, and wherein the mass fraction of glyphosate is 4%, and the mass fraction of sodium chloride is 25%, and the mass fraction that first water is diluted to sodium chloride to it is 12.5%; 25 ℃ of controlled pressure 3.5MPa, temperature, enter nano filter membrance device separation, obtain nanofiltration concentrate and nanofiltration saliferous percolate, more above-mentioned nanofiltration concentrate and nanofiltration saliferous percolate are entered into forward osmosis membrane device, membrane material in forward osmosis membrane device is cellulose acetate, and structure is flat sheet membrane; After three times are processed, the mass fraction that can obtain the sodium chloride in concentrated feed liquid is 1.5%, and the mass fraction of the sodium chloride in the percolate of high saliferous is 20%.
Embodiment 5
According to the operated process of embodiment 2, processed feed liquid is the mixed solution of ammonium phosphate and potassium chloride, and wherein the mass fraction of ammonium phosphate is 20%, and first water is diluted to 15% to it; The mass fraction of sodium chloride is 7%; 25 ℃ of controlled pressure 2.0MPa, temperature, the membrane material in forward osmosis membrane device is cellulose acetate, structure is hollow-fibre membrane; After after-treatment, the mass fraction that can obtain the potassium chloride in concentrated feed liquid is 0.3%, and the mass fraction of the sodium chloride in the percolate of high saliferous is 13%.
Embodiment 6
According to the operated process of embodiment 2, processed feed liquid is the mixed solution of sodium phosphate and sodium chloride, and wherein the mass fraction of sodium phosphate is 20%, and first water is diluted to 15% to it; The mass fraction of sodium chloride is 5%; 25 ℃ of controlled pressure 1.0MPa, temperature, the membrane material in forward osmosis membrane device is cellulose acetate, structure is hollow-fibre membrane; After after-treatment, the mass fraction that can obtain the potassium chloride in concentrated feed liquid is 0.4%, and the mass fraction of the sodium chloride in the percolate of high saliferous is 15%.
Claims (8)
1. by the permanent molten method except univalent anion inorganic salts of nanofiltration of positive infiltration technology, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) processed feed liquid is carried out to separation through nano filter membrance device, obtain nanofiltration concentrate and nanofiltration saliferous percolate;
(2) by above-mentioned, from nano filter membrance device nanofiltration concentrate and nanofiltration saliferous percolate out, enter into forward osmosis membrane device, wherein nanofiltration concentrate is just permeating concentrated as the driving liquid of forward osmosis membrane device to nanofiltration saliferous percolate; Processed feed liquid can be divided into concentrated feed liquid and highly enriched containing saline solution.
2. the permanent molten method except univalent anion inorganic salts of the nanofiltration of the positive infiltration technology of a kind of use according to claim 1, it is characterized in that processed feed liquid dilutes before entering nano filter membrance device, by the molten concentration dilution of salt in feed liquid to salt half of saturated concentration in water.
3. the permanent molten method except univalent anion inorganic salts of the nanofiltration of the positive infiltration technology of a kind of use according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the concentrated feed liquid of the nanofiltration in step (2) to enter into again nano filter membrance device, obtain secondary nanofiltration concentrate and secondary nanofiltration saliferous percolate; Above-mentioned secondary nanofiltration concentrate and secondary nanofiltration saliferous percolate are entered to forward osmosis membrane device again, and wherein secondary nanofiltration concentrate is just permeating concentrated as the driving liquid of forward osmosis membrane device to secondary nanofiltration saliferous percolate; Can further processed feed liquid be divided into secondary concentration feed liquid and secondary highly enriched containing saline solution.
4. the permanent molten method except univalent anion inorganic salts of the nanofiltration of the positive infiltration technology of a kind of use according to claim 3, it is characterized in that again secondary concentration feed liquid being carried out again the processing of nano filter membrance device and forward osmosis membrane device, or carry out successively the processing of twice nano filter membrance device and forward osmosis membrane device, obtain three concentrated feed liquids and three times highly enriched containing saline solutions; Three times the highly enriched saline solution that contains is imported into processed liquor inlet again, mixes with processed feed liquid.
5. the permanent molten method except univalent anion inorganic salts of the nanofiltration of the positive infiltration technology of a kind of use according to claim 1, it is characterized in that processed feed liquid is for the aqueous solution containing organic acid and univalent anion inorganic salts, wherein organic acid mass fraction is 1～25%, the mass fraction of univalent anion inorganic salts is 3～25%; Or be the inorganic salts that contain divalence or the above anion of divalence and the aqueous solution of univalent anion inorganic salts, wherein the mass fraction of the inorganic salts of divalence or the above anion of divalence is 0.5%～15%, the mass fraction of univalent anion inorganic salts is 3～25%.
6. the permanent molten method except univalent anion inorganic salts of the nanofiltration of the positive infiltration technology of a kind of use according to claim 5, it is characterized in that described univalent anion inorganic salts are sodium chloride, ammonium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, ammonium nitrate or sodium nitrate, the inorganic salts of described divalence or the above anion of divalence are sodium sulphate, sodium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, ammonium phosphate or potassium phosphate.
7. according to the permanent molten method except univalent anion inorganic salts of the nanofiltration of the positive infiltration technology of a kind of use described in claim 1,5 or 6, it is characterized in that described univalent anion inorganic salts are sodium chloride.
8. the permanent molten method except univalent anion inorganic salts of the nanofiltration of the positive infiltration technology of a kind of use according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the membrane material in described forward osmosis membrane device is cellulose acetate, its structure is a kind of of flat sheet membrane, hollow-fibre membrane or rolled film.
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| CN104084043A (en) * | 2014-07-10 | 2014-10-08 | 杭州天创环境科技股份有限公司 | Method for concentrating sea brine by salt manufacturing old brine |
| CN105523813A (en) * | 2016-01-30 | 2016-04-27 | 上海力脉环保设备有限公司 | Method for preparing NPK compound fertilizer from potash salt slurry |
| CN110577311A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2019-12-17 | 广州中国科学院先进技术研究所 | Method for treating and recycling waste mixed salt containing organic matters |
| CN112591770B (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2024-03-26 | 上海氯德新材料科技有限公司 | Production process and device for purifying and separating potassium sulfate from dilute brine |
| CN114291958A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-04-08 | 美景（北京）环保科技有限公司 | Wastewater containing salt and CO2Exhaust gas treatment system and method |
| DE102022120661A1 (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2024-02-22 | K+S Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for separating highly concentrated salt solutions |
| GB2622106A (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2024-03-06 | Blue Planet Tech Wll | Saline water treatment pre-treatment or treatment system |
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| CN101665869A (en) * | 2009-08-31 | 2010-03-10 | 厦门世达膜科技有限公司 | Method for highly concentrating metal solution in wet metallurgy |
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