CN102525406A - Three-dimensional imaging device for retina - Google Patents
Three-dimensional imaging device for retina Download PDFInfo
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- CN102525406A CN102525406A CN2012100321840A CN201210032184A CN102525406A CN 102525406 A CN102525406 A CN 102525406A CN 2012100321840 A CN2012100321840 A CN 2012100321840A CN 201210032184 A CN201210032184 A CN 201210032184A CN 102525406 A CN102525406 A CN 102525406A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional imaging device for a retina. The device consists of a light source component, an interference arm component, a two-dimensional scanning component, a field lens component, a confocal signal detection component and an interference signal detection component. The three-dimensional imaging device for the retina finishes scanning on the retina of a human eye by using the two-dimensional scanning component, extracts a surface image of the retina by using the confocal signal detection component and depth information of the retina by using the interference signal detection component, and jointly finishes the reconstruction of a three-dimension image of the retina through a confocal signal and an interference signal; the system is compact by adopting the design of optical fiber access and an optical fiber coupler; the influence of curvature of field and aberration in the imaging process is reduced through the design of a field lens so as to acquire a large-field-of-view three-dimensional image of the retina of the human eye; and the three-dimensional imaging device for the retina which is compactly designed and is high in imaging resolution and large in imaging field of view is realized, so that the imaging effect of the traditional fundus imaging instrument is greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ophthalmology imaging device; Particularly a kind of retina three-dimensional imaging device; This device can carry out scanning imagery to retina zones of different, different-thickness place in big field range; Reconstruct retina three-dimensional image and video output observed result are for the retinal diseases diagnosis provides the science reference.
Background technology
Cofocus scanning imaging and Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging Technology; Obtained extensive, sophisticated application (Webb RH in biological histology's imaging field; Hughes GW.Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope.Biomedical Engineering; IEEE Transactions on.1981, BME-28 (7): 488-92.); A.F.Fercher etc. propose to measure through the method for interference imaging length (the A.F.Fercher et.Al " Eye-length measurement by interferometry with partially coherent light " of axis oculi more for a long time; Optics Letters.13; 186-188 (1998)); Thereafter David Huang etc. in the development of OCT technology, done more research (Huang D et al.Laser Surg Med 1991,11:5); Wilson Tony etc. also proposed to realize through the confocal imaging principle two dimensional image (US6687052) of biological tissue.
The patent No. be the patent of invention of US5825533 (1998) propose through two independently scanning galvanometer carry out horizontal and vertical synchronous scanning, to realize the cofocus scanning imaging.But this patent has only provided simple two-dimensional scanning-based present principles, does not propose the notion of big visual field.The patent No. is respectively the patent of invention of US5491524, US7489405B2; The ultimate principle property device of optical coherence tomography system has been proposed; But do not propose the notion of aberration correction, can't realize the function of high-resolution imaging, more do not solve the problem of big visual field and high-resolution imaging coexistence.Patent No. US6648473 etc. have proposed to pass through the patent scheme of gradient parallel algorithm realization adaptive optics aberration correction at random; But on practical clinical; Retina image-forming be subject to adaptive optics small field of view (1-2 ° of angle) or etc. the restriction at dizzy angle; Can't obtain retinal images on a large scale, can not well be applied to clinical.
The patent No. is the patent of invention of ZL99115053.8 (1999) etc., proposed the retinal imaging device based on adaptive optical technique, but this device is not realized optical coherent chromatographic imaging, does not also propose the notion of big visual field.The patent No. is respectively the principle arrangement that patent of invention of ZL200610052463.8, ZL200510012234.9 etc. has also proposed optical coherence tomography; But how emphasis improves the depth of focus and change scan mode of optical coherence tomography appearance, does not also mention the solution how proposition realizes satisfying big visual field and high-resolution synchronous imaging.Patent No. ZL200780041853.8 has proposed the notion of retina scanning; But do not mention and how to realize amphiblestroid high-resolution volume imaging; Patent ZL200680002851.3, ZL201010157034.3 etc. have also proposed the method for retina three-dimensional modeling, but still fail to form the HD video imaging.
Can know in sum; Existing retina image-forming equipment is coming with some shortcomings aspect the three-dimensional imaging especially high-resolution three-dimension real-time video imaging; Remain to be developed new method and apparatus; Realize non-intrusion type vivo observation, obtain 3-D view, help the diagnosis ophthalmic diseases the human eye retina.
Contrast international and domestic technological achievement in fields such as retina image-forming, cofocus scanning imaging and optical coherent chromatographic imagings; The present invention is on the ultimate principle of optical coherent chromatographic imaging and cofocus scanning imaging; Propose a kind of new retina three-dimensional imaging device, guarantee that through field lens design the two-dimensional scan assembly can the undistorted scanning of high-resolution on retina, to obtain retinal images; Synchronous imaging through interference signal probe assembly and confocal acquisition of signal assembly; Reconstruct the retina three-dimensional stereo-picture, the imaging viewing field 45 is fit to clinical diagnosis; In addition, a kind of retina three-dimensional imaging device that the present invention proposes, it is simple to have a Scan Architecture, and optical fiber connects makes device simpler, and possesses good quality of optical imaging.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the present invention is dealt with problems:
1) overcomes the restriction that traditional fundus camera can not obtain retina chromatography image; 2) overcome the restriction that traditional optical fundus OCT can't obtain high-resolution retinal surface image; 3) overcome traditional fundus camera and can only individual take the problem of retinal images; 4) overcome the too small problem of imaging viewing field of traditional optical fundus OCT imaging system; The present invention proposes a kind of retina three-dimensional imaging device, can obtain human eye retina's high-resolution optical fundus face scanogram, can obtain retina chromatography image again, and has realized the wide visual field optical fundus three-dimensional imaging in the 45 scope.
Technical solution of the present invention: a kind of retina three-dimensional imaging device is made up of light source assembly, interference arm component, two-dimensional scan assembly, a mirror assembly, confocal acquisition of signal assembly and interference signal probe assembly.Two-dimensional scan assembly through comprising two scanning galvanometers is realized the scanning that the human eye retina is spreaded over a whole area from one point; Obtain the light intensity signal of each scanning element on the scanning plane through confocal acquisition of signal assembly; Obtain the depth signal of each scanning element on the scanning plane through the interference signal probe assembly; In conjunction with the light intensity and the depth signal of every bit on the scanning plane, retina three-dimensional image on the reconstruct scanning plane; Realize the big field of view scanning of retina through the field mirror assembly, in 45 ° of visual fields of typical scan angle, obtain high-definition picture near optical diffraction limit.
Principle of the present invention: cardinal principle of the present invention comprises light scanning lens head portrait difference elimination theory, optical coherent chromatographic imaging principle and optical imagery conjugate relation.Promptly in system and device of the present invention, beacon light source, field lens, horizontal galvanometer, vertical galvanometer and human eye pupil be conjugation optically.Two independently the two-dimensional scan galvanometer successively human eye is realized line sweep and frame scan; To obtain the high-resolution chromatography image imaging in the single-frame images imaging viewing field; Obtain the light intensity signal that each scanning element returns on the retina in conjunction with confocal acquisition of signal assembly, realize face scanning 45 ° of field of view of human eye retina.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage: a kind of retina three-dimensional imaging device proposed by the invention, compare traditional fundus camera, ophthalmology OCT, and its core advantage applies is aspect following three:
1) the present invention proposes to use the two-dimensional scan assembly to realize human eye retina's face scanning, and combines the design of field lens, eliminates the aberration in human eye retina's scanning process, eliminates the heterogeneity in the retina scanning process;
2) the present invention proposes to use confocal acquisition of signal assembly and the mode that the interference signal probe assembly works asynchronously, and obtains human eye retina's three-dimensional mechanics of biological tissue image, and the ophthalmologist is diagnosed retinal diseases, has very important significance;
3) the field lens design and two-dimensional scan scheme of the present invention's proposition; Significantly increase the imaging viewing field of retina imaging system, eliminated veiling glare through confocal imaging simultaneously, guaranteed the high-resolution of image; Simultaneity factor is compact to design, small and exquisite, practical, is fit to clinical practice.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of retina three-dimensional imaging device.
Table 1 is a system according to the invention components and parts detail list.
Fig. 2 is apparatus of the present invention field lens modular construction sketch map
Fig. 3 is apparatus of the present invention interference signal probe assembly sketch map
The signal processing flow figure of Fig. 4 apparatus of the present invention
The retina two dimensional image master drawing that Fig. 5 apparatus of the present invention are detected
The retina depth image master drawing that Fig. 6 apparatus of the present invention are detected
The specific embodiment
According to Figure of description 1, the function of a kind of retina three-dimensional imaging device that practical implementation the present invention proposes to how, introduce as follows in detail:
1, the low-coherence light source SLD (1) by light source assembly inserts multi-channel optical fibre bonder (2) through fiber port; Fiber coupler (2) has two outfans, and one road optical fiber outputs to the interference arm component, collimates through coupled lens (20); Become directional light behind the collimation and get into mirror assembly (21) and chromatic dispersion coupling liquid (22); After be reflected mirror (23) reflection, the optical signal original optical path turns back to fiber coupler (2), gets into the interference signal probe assembly again.
2, be collimated into directional light through another road light beam behind the fiber coupler (2) through coupled lens (3), pass through plane mirror (4) and spectroscope (5) again after, reflection entering two-dimensional scan assembly (6-7).
3, the two-dimensional scan assembly by two independently optical scan vibration lens constitute; Be respectively horizontal galvanometer (6) and vertical galvanometer (7); Laterally galvanometer (6) is done the high speed transversal scanning in the direction that is parallel to paper plane; The typical scan angle is ± 10 °, and vertically galvanometer (7) is done the high speed longitudinal scanning on the direction perpendicular to paper plane, and the scanning direction of horizontal galvanometer (6) is fully just being given in the scanning direction; The typical scan angle is ± 10 °, and this scan components passes through compact optical design to guarantee scanning plane and human eye pupil face optical conjugate; The two-dimensional scan galvanometer scans back formation face scanning light beam on the direction of two mutually orthogonals, the bundle that behind a mirror assembly (9-10), contracts gets into human eye pupil (11).
4, mirror assembly is made up of field lens (9) and coupling eyepiece (10), see shown in Figure 2, the particular design of field lens guarantee horizontal galvanometer (6) and vertical galvanometer (7) can be on the direction of two mutually orthogonals scanning retina, the two-dimensional scan of formation standard.The focal length ratio representative value of lens (9) and lens (10) is 2: 1, mainly is the bundle that contracts of realizing scanning light beam, the size at the place, bundle adult eye pupil hole of contracting, and representative value is 3mm.In patent of the present invention, the scanning illumination path scans the plane of scanning motion representative value that forms on the human eye retina be 7mmX7mm, and the angle of visual field representative value of scanning is a 45 at human eye pupil place.
5, illuminating bundle is incident on the human eye pupil;, pupil gets into the human eye retina after focusing on; The flashlight that returns from retina returns (turning back to 5 from 12) through a mirror assembly and two-dimensional scan assembly successively by former road, and the signal beams that returns can at first pass through spectroscope (5); Spectroscopical Transflective light beam ratio representative value is 1: 1; 50% of the beam energy of promptly returning from retinal reflex can see through spectroscope, passes through to focus on pin hole (14) behind the collecting lens (13) and locate again, and is surveyed by photomultiplier tube (PMT).The typical sizes of confocal pinhole (14) is 1.5 times of hot spot theoretical value; The spot size of 1.5 times of optical diffraction limit just, in the present invention, near-infrared light source centre wavelength 840nm; The beam size of locating at collecting lens (13) is 6mm, and then the hot spot theoretical value at the confocal pinhole place is:
2*1.22λf/D＝2*1.22(840nm)(150mm)/(6mm)＝51.2μm
Therefore; For guaranteeing that confocal imaging system can obtain sufficiently high imaging resolution again when obtaining abundant light energy; The size representative value of pin hole is near 1.5 times of diffraction limits, and in the pairing device of patent of the present invention, we are provided with pinhole diameter is 75 μ m.Shown in figure (5); Be the retina two dimensional image that utilizes confocal acquisition of signal assembly proposed by the invention to be collected; According to this two dimensional image, we are biological tissue's information such as discrimination retina blood vessel, optic disc and macular region very clearly, help the doctor to carry out the retinal diseases diagnosis; Be the optic disc warpage such as one of glaucomatous reveal any symptoms; Be that the optic disc cup disc ratio changes, one of reveal any symptoms of diabetes is retinal vessel generation seepage, and one of reveal any symptoms of degeneration of macula is the visual cell death of macula retinae zone or becomes sparse.The confocal acquisition of signal assembly that this contrive equipment is mentioned can provide the science reference frame to the generaI investigation and the diagnosis of multiple ophthalmic diseases.
6, through the light beam of spectroscope (5) back reflection, just 50% light energy will be passed through reflecting mirror (4), coupled lens (3) successively, and former road is returned and got into multi-channel optical fibre bonder (2); Fiber coupler (2) will be after the light beam coupling that reflects from coupled lens (20) and coupled lens (3), and the port of the interference signal probe assembly through fiber coupler is collimated into directional light through coupled lens (16), and illumination is on diffraction grating (17).
7, diffraction grating (17) will be to optical signal according to different wavelengths chromatic dispersion on different directions, and the light beam after the chromatic dispersion passes through collecting lens (18) back again and received by line array CCD (19).The sequence optical signal that line array CCD (19) is received carries out spectrum analysis (being Fourier transformation), obtains the coherence messages of different wave length light beam in human eye optical fundus (or other biological tissues to be measured).Coherence messages according to light beam; Positional information in conjunction with two scanning galvanometers; Accomplish the image reconstruction of human eye optical fundus (or other biological tissues to be measured) on vertical tangent plane, optical coherent chromatographic imaging just, the resolution of optical coherent chromatographic imaging is expressed as following formula:
r
c＝21n2(λ
0 2)/(πΔλ)＝0.44λ
0 2/(Δλ)
According to above formula; The tomographic map resolution of interference signal feeler arm is inversely proportional to the bandwidth of low-coherence light source, wavelength is directly proportional, therefore, and in patent of the present invention; We use the signal optical source of low-coherence light source as us, and the typical bandwidth value of low-coherence light source is 50nm.Figure (6) is the interference signal feeler arm assembly that apparatus of the present invention propose and collects retina chromatography image; According to this tomographic map; We can quantize to calculate amphiblestroid chromatography structure very much; Help the doctor to carry out the retinal diseases diagnosis, be the retinal thickness attenuation such as one of glaucomatous reveal any symptoms, one of reveal any symptoms of diabetes is retinal vessel generation seepage; The retina chromatography structure that is is clear not as normal retina, and one of reveal any symptoms of degeneration of macula is the attenuation of macula retinae area thickness.The interference signal acquisition of signal assembly that this contrive equipment is mentioned also can provide the science reference frame to the generaI investigation and the diagnosis of multiple ophthalmic diseases.
8, according to practical implementation step 1-7; A kind of retina three-dimensional imaging device of the present invention; Can obtain optical coherence tomography image (figure (6)) and confocal acquisition of signal image (figure (5)) at detector terminal; Image overlay on two orthogonal directions is handled, and can realize 3-D view reconstruct in the big field range of human eye retina.
Through said process, can in the miter angle scope of big visual field, realize optical coherent chromatographic imaging and surface imaging function to the human eye retina.
Need to prove; As above it is not restricted to listed utilization in description and the embodiment although preferable embodiment of the present invention is open, and it can be applied to various suitable the field of the invention fully; For being familiar with those skilled in the art; Can easily realize other modification, therefore under the general concept that does not deviate from claim and equivalency range and limited, the legend that the present invention is not limited to specific details and illustrates here and describe.
Claims (7)
1. retina three-dimensional imaging device; It is characterized in that: said device mainly is made up of light source assembly, interference arm component, confocal acquisition of signal assembly, two-dimensional scan assembly, a mirror assembly and interference signal probe assembly, and the beacon beam that sends from light source assembly is divided into two bundles after the fiber coupler coupling, and arm component is interfered in a branch of entering; Another bundle gets into two-dimensional scan assembly formation face scanning directional light behind reflecting mirror, spectroscope; Laggard admission mirror assembly forms big visual field scanning light beam and throws light at the human eye pupil again, returns from the former road of flashlight that the human eye retina returns, and gets into confocal acquisition of signal assembly through spectroscope; Obtain the light intensity signal of retina scanning point; After beam splitting, get into the interference signal probe assembly through the optical fiber coupling, interference signal light interferes with the reference signal light that returns from the interference arm, and the interference signal probe assembly obtains the reflected light signal of retina scanning point different depth; According to the light intensity and the depth signal of retina scanning point, accomplish the retina three-dimensional image reconstruction.
2. a kind of retina three-dimensional imaging device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said light source assembly assembly comprises low-coherence light source and multi-channel optical fibre bonder; Said fiber coupler is a dual input two-way output mode, and the ratio of the output energy of fiber-optic output mouth is between 1: 10 to 1: 2.
3. a kind of retina three-dimensional imaging device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said reference arm assembly comprises coupled lens, reflecting mirror, chromatic dispersion coupling liquid and reference light reflecting mirror; Said chromatic dispersion coupling liquid is a kind of chemical drugs; Be used for the light beam of reference arm is carried out chromatic dispersion, with the dispersion characteristic of coupling from sample arm inverse signal light, said reference arm assembly changes from the optical path difference of reference arm reflected back flashlight through the position of adjustment with reference to illuminator.
4. a kind of retina three-dimensional imaging device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said two-dimensional scan assembly comprises horizontal galvanometer and vertical galvanometer, laterally galvanometer and the vertically plane of scanning motion mutually orthogonal of galvanometer; Laterally galvanometer high-velocity scanning; The typical scan frequency is at 5KHz, vertical galvanometer low-velocity scanning, and the typical scan frequency is 10Hz; Through the synchronous scanning of two sides galvanometer, accomplish amphiblestroid scanning.
5. a kind of retina three-dimensional imaging device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said confocal acquisition of signal assembly comprises collecting lens, pin hole and photomultiplier tube; Said photomultiplier tube is high sensitivity point source sensitive detection parts; Can be photomultiplier tube, avalanche photodide or similar photoelectric detector, said pin hole be the logical light circular hole diaphragm in center, and typical clear aperture is 75 microns.
6. a kind of retina three-dimensional imaging device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said interference signal probe assembly comprises coupled lens, diffraction grating, collecting lens and linear array detector; Said diffraction grating is 1200 lines to every millimeter transmission-type grating, and said linear array detector is the linear photoelectric detectors of 2048 pixels.
7. a kind of retina three-dimensional imaging device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said mirror assembly comprises field lens and observation eyepiece; The lens of said field lens Specialty Design for being used for scanning imagery; Can eliminate the curvature of field, aberration and light intensity inhomogeneities, and have big, the undistorted characteristics of imaging viewing field.
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| CN109567900A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-04-05 | 广东顺德工业设计研究院(广东顺德创新设计研究院) | Operation imaging and cutting control device and its method |
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| CN110471532B (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2023-04-18 | 业成科技（成都）有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted device integrating eyeball tracking and gesture control |
| CN110584592A (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2019-12-20 | 中国科学院苏州生物医学工程技术研究所 | Large-field-of-view adaptive optical retina imaging system and method for common-path beam scanning |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| DD01 | Delivery of document by public notice |
Addressee: Suzhou Microclear Medical Instruments Co., Ltd. Document name: the First Notification of an Office Action |
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| C12 | Rejection of a patent application after its publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20120704 |