CN102521120B - Software automation test system and method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a software automation test system and a method based on graph view. The system comprises a script editing module, a scene organization module, a parametrization module, a debugging and operating module and a test report output module. The method comprises the following steps that: the scene organization module carries out service flow decomposition; the script editing module develops a service node; the scene organization module builds a service flow; necessary parametrization is carried out on a script; the debugging and operating module debugs and operates the service flow; and the test report output module outputs a test report.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of software automated testing system and method, specifically, relate to the software automated testing system and method based on graphics view, by this system or method, user can complete the automated function test of most type softwares very like a cork.
Background technology
Traditional software automated testing instrument or framework are all that the form with pure code realizes operation flow and controls, and this has caused following problem: the cost of exploitation and maintenance test script is very high; Implement automatic test slip-stick artist's code capacity is had to very harsh requirement; Can only adopt the method for function encapsulation or class encapsulation to realize script layering, increase the complexity of script.Just because of these reasons, numerous items team hangs back to software automated testing.Software automated testing framework platform and the method based on graphics view of using the present invention to propose, user can be encapsulated in each step in a service node independently, based on graphics view, these nodes can arbitrarily drag in test scene interface, by being added with to line, connect, thereby construct a complete operation flow.Service node can arbitrarily copy stickup in current scene or different scene, as long as simple modification line order just can build a new operation flow.This operation flow building mode is directly perceived and convenient just as drawing process flow diagram.
In addition, parametrization is a very important link in automatic test.Use conventional tool to realize this work often very loaded down with trivial details, a lot of options need to be set, and make script become complicated and be difficult to maintenance.Software automated testing framework platform and the method based on graphics view of using the present invention to propose, parametrization can be simply by dragging mouse, and the mode of drawing a loop body realizes (coverage of loop body is exactly parameterized reach).Next as long as insert parameter name and numerical value in data form corresponding to loop body, parametrization has just completed.
Finally, traditional software automated testing instrument generally carries out object identification according to the property values such as handle of object, and for different object types, often needs different plug-in unit supports.For some, adopted the tested program of non-standard control, it is unable to do what one wishes that conventional tool just seems.And in the software automated testing framework platform and method based on the graphics view that propose in the present invention, object identification is to adopt advanced computer vision technique to complete, this not only makes the exploitation of automatic test script and maintenance difficulties greatly reduce, and also makes to allow in traditional automated testing method that people has a headache across application identification, the identification of non-standard object, the result problem such as catch, is readily solved.
Summary of the invention
Software automated testing system of the present invention comprises: script editor module, scene molded tissue block, parameterized module, debugging and operation module, test report output module.
Described script editor module provides a normative text editing interface, can fast input automatic test common mathematical function whereby; Script editor module also allows user to use to copy to paste or the mode of drag and drop adds picture in script; In addition, can also rapid screenshot by script editor module, make the obtaining of image segments in script, Storage and Processing convenient.
Scene molded tissue block provides one for building the graphics view interface of test scene, can create multiple graphic element whereby, and can drag, copy, shear, paste, delete this graphic element, a plurality of graphic elements can also be coupled together with oriented line, thereby form a complete test process.The core parent of described scene molded tissue block is for organizing the QGraphicsScene class (for organizing the class of two-dimensional primitive) of two-dimensional primitive in Qt (a kind of cross-platform C++ graphic user interface storehouse).
Parameterized module provides parameter form editing interface, can carry out whereby parameter information importing, derivation, cycle index setting, the setting of parameter form scale.The core parent of expressing parameter form in described parameterized module is QTextTable class in Qt (for expressing the class of parameter form).
Debugging and operation module can be integrated the script information of processing in scene, generate Python (a kind of object-oriented, literal translation formula computer programming language) script file and picture file, and call external interface Run Script.
Test report output module provides the special purpose function outputing test result, and need to generate HTML (Hypertext Markup Language according to user, being HTML (Hypertext Markup Language), is for describing a kind of markup language of web document) test report file of form and the test script running log file of text formatting.Described test report output module has the function of the journal file of safeguarding framework platform.
According to software automated testing system of the present invention, its automatic software test method based on graphics view comprises the steps:
Step 1, scene molded tissue block carries out Business Stream decomposition;
Step 2, script editor module exploitation service node;
Step 3, scene molded tissue block builds Business Stream;
Step 4, carries out necessary parametrization (being completed by parameterized module, debugging and operation module) to script;
Step 5, debugging and operation modular debugging operation Business Stream;
Step 6, test report output module output test report.
The corresponding relation of above step and each module as shown in figure 14.
In described step 1, in order to improve the reusability of script, or in order to realize collaboration type exploitation, first, by scene molded tissue block, an operation flow is decomposed into N step, each step encapsulates and realizes with a service node; Strategy and the granularity of decomposing are determined according to actual needs by user completely.
In described step 2, finishing service flow process adds service node after decomposing in test scene, on the script editing interface providing, develops visual testing script at script editor module.
Described script is followed Python 2.5 format specifications, system function or the pure Python module that in script, can use any Python 2.5 to support.Script editor module has been expanded a collection of automatic test special purpose function on the basis of SIKULI API (a set of application programming interface based on image script SIKULI), formed exclusive a set of API (Application Programming Interface, application programming interface), all functions wherein all on script editing interface the form with shortcut list, double-click the function that mouse can add appointment in script.
When using SIKULI api function, the picture file in hard disk (supporting the forms such as common png, jpg, gif, bmp) can be copied to stickup, drag in script the parameter as function; Also the image segments in other format file (as Word, PowerPoint) can be inserted in script to copy the mode of stickup.The visual testing script of having developed as shown in Figure 2.
In addition, script editor module also provides rapid screenshot function, makes the obtaining of image segments in script, Storage and Processing convenient.Rapid screenshot functional schematic as shown in Figure 3.The core parent of script editor module is for the QTextEdit class (for the class of plain text or RichText Edition) of plain text or RichText Edition in Qt.
In described step 3, in finishing service node, after the exploitation of script, in the graphics view interface that can provide at scene molded tissue block, a plurality of service nodes are coupled together with oriented line, thereby build a complete Business Stream.The Business Stream that structure completes as shown in Figure 4.
The core parent of scene molded tissue block is for organizing the QGraphicsScene class of two-dimensional primitive in Qt.The core parent of the service node in scene, oriented line, loop body etc. is for representing the QGraphicsItem class (for representing the class of two-dimensional primitive) of two-dimensional primitive in Qt.
In described step 4, after the structure of finishing service stream, can be according to the needs of test, operation parameter module is carried out necessary parametrization to script.
In test scene, draw a loop body, by its coverage of the operation adjustments such as convergent-divergent, movement, the service node relevant with parametrization is included within the scope of this, as shown in Figure 5; Double-click afterwards loop body and open parameter form editing interface, title and the value of editor's parameters, as shown in Figure 6; Finally revise the script in service node, the parameterized constant of needs is replaced with to parameter name.
The core parent of expressing parameter form in parameterized module is QTextTable class in Qt.In order to realize loop nesting, in each service node object, there is a loop body list, record this service node within the scope of which loop body.When generating executable Python script, debugging and operation module will calculate the reach of circulation according to the loop body list of each service node, determine the indentation amount of statement, and in Python script, add FOR loop structure (a kind of syntactic structure of controlling for flow process in Python).The principle schematic of this algorithm as shown in Figure 7.
In described step 5, after completing necessary parametrization, move whole Business Stream.Debugging and operation module integrate the script information of each service node in Business Stream, add the information such as api function definition, the introducing of Python module, abnormality processing, generate interim script file and interim picture file.Call afterwards SIKULI (a kind of figure script) script runnable interface and carry out script.The workflow of debugging and operation module as shown in Figure 8.
After Business Stream has moved, in step 6, test report output module, by need to generate the test report (whether generate report and depend on whether added report node in Business Stream) of a html format according to user, will report in script that the test result information of function (comprising testPassed, testFailed, testInfo) definition prints in test report.The test report generating as shown in Figure 9.
Test report output module is also responsible for safeguarding the journal file of framework platform in addition.Information in journal file has following two kinds: all abnormal informations of script generation in service; User uses the self-defining log information of printLog function.The preservation position of journal file is the log file under framework platform temp directory SF temp, and individual log file is only preserved the running log information on the same day, and journal file name is the date on the same day, as " 2011-05-16.log ".
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is software automated testing system architecture block scheme of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is for the present invention is based on the visual testing script example of developing in the software automated testing system platform of graphics view;
The rapid screenshot function usage example that Fig. 3 provides for the present invention is based on the software automated testing frame system of graphics view;
Fig. 4 is for the present invention is based on the Business Stream example of building in the software automated testing system platform of graphics view;
Fig. 5 is for realizing parameterized operation example the present invention is based in the software automated testing system platform of graphics view;
The parameter form editor schematic diagram that Fig. 6 provides for the present invention is based on the software automated testing system platform of graphics view;
Fig. 7 the present invention is based on the software automated testing system platform of graphics view according to the algorithm schematic diagram of graphics view generation script loop structure;
Fig. 8 is the debugging of software automated testing system platform and the workflow diagram of operation module that the present invention is based on graphics view;
Fig. 9 is the test report example that the present invention is based on the software automated testing system platform production of graphics view;
Figure 10 is automatic software test method process flow diagram of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the explanation of example business process;
Figure 12 is the scene schematic diagram that the software automated testing framework platform that the present invention is based on graphics view is realized loop nesting;
Figure 13 for adding the schematic diagram of reporting node in Business Stream;
Figure 14 is each step of automatic software test method of the present invention and the corresponding relation figure that carries out each module of this step.
Embodiment
The part term using in the present invention:
Pel
Refer to the graphics view member in test scene, the kind of pel has three kinds of service nodes, oriented line, loop body at present.In the software automated testing framework platform based on graphics view of the present invention, the class of operation of pel is similar to the operation to graphic assembly in the process flow diagram softwares such as Visio.
Service node
Refer to a kind of pel in test scene, can change its position by mouse drag and drop.In service node, comprise script information.Service node can a corresponding testing procedure, a test case or a sub-operation flow, and the division of granularity is determined as required by user.
Business Stream
Finger couples together formed sequence node by a series of service nodes by oriented line, the complete operation flow that representative is assembled by these service nodes.The rarest two service nodes in a Business Stream, and there is unique starting point and terminal.
Report node
A kind of special service node.The sole purpose that is added Business Stream is after operation Business Stream, generates the test report of a html format.
Loop body
Refer to a kind of pel in test scene, outward appearance is rectangle, can change its shape by pulling four jiaos and four limit mid points, also can change its position by mouse drag and drop.Number of times configuration information is carried out in the parameter information and the circulation that in loop body, comprise script, and by it, the overlay area in scene determines its action scope.
Oriented line
Refer to a kind of pel in test scene, profile is linear pattern arrow.In the software automated testing framework platform based on graphics view of the present invention, with this pel, connect two service nodes, represent the precedence relationship of these two nodes on Business Stream.
Loop body level
Refer to the level level of loop body on graphics view, the loop body that level is high can cover the loop body that level is low.In the software automated testing framework platform based on graphics view of the present invention, by level, represent the ectonexine nest relation of circulation, its depth of nesting of loop body that level is higher is also larger.
Scene edit pattern
Refer to certain specific scene edit effect.Generally by toolbar, select and switch.In the software automated testing framework platform based on graphics view of the present invention, five kinds of scene edit patterns are provided at present, comprise default mode, increase service node pattern, connection mode, increase circulation pattern, increase report node mode.
Script layer and scene layer
In the software automated testing framework platform based on graphics view of the present invention, the construction of automatic test engineering is divided into two levels: script layer and scene layer.The main task of script layer is development and testing script, realizes a series of basic test actions such as mouse click, keyboard input, output observation, thereby completes a relatively independent service link; The main task of scene layer is that the means by graphics view connect a series of service nodes, forms a complete Business Stream, and completes parametrization and circulation arranges, to realize one or more complete test processs.
SIKULI
Appliance computer vision technique in automation software testing field, is an advanced subject that in the industry cycle caused gradually over the past two years concern, and has occurred some successful stories---SIKULI is outstanding model wherein just.This project of increasing income provides a set of API for visual programming, makes " with sectional drawing, programming " become possibility.
As shown in Figure 1, the software automated testing framework platform based on graphics view of the present invention comprises: script editor module, scene molded tissue block, parameterized module, debugging and operation module, test report output module.The exploitation of this framework platform is based on Qt 4.7.0.
Script editor module has provided a normative text editing interface, and provides on this basis automatic test common mathematical function quick input function, and mouse is double-clicked function shortcut can insert this function in script; Script editor module also allows user to use to copy to paste or the mode of drag and drop adds picture in script; In addition, script editor module also provides rapid screenshot function, makes the obtaining of image segments in script, Storage and Processing convenient.
Scene molded tissue block has provided one for building the graphics view interface of test scene, here user can create multiple graphic element, and to graphic element drag, copy, shear, paste, the operation such as deletion, a plurality of graphic elements (each graphic element represents certain testing procedure or content) can also be coupled together with oriented line, thereby form a complete test process.The core parent of described scene molded tissue block is for organizing the QGraphicsScene class of two-dimensional primitive in Qt.
Parameterized module has provided a parameter form editing interface, and the functions such as parameter information importing, derivation, cycle index setting, the setting of parameter form scale are provided.The core parent of expressing parameter form in described parameterized module is QTextTable class in Qt.
Debugging and operation module, for the script information of scene is integrated to processing, generate Python script file and picture file, and call external interface Run Script.
Test report output module provides the special purpose function outputing test result, and according to user's the test report file that need to generate html format and the test script running log file of text formatting.Described test report output module has the function of the journal file of safeguarding framework platform.
As shown in figure 10, software automated testing system of the present invention, its automatic software test method based on graphics view comprises the steps:
Step 1, Business Stream decomposes (by scene molded tissue block, being completed);
Step 2, exploitation service node (being completed by script editor module);
Step 3, builds Business Stream (being completed by scene molded tissue block);
Step 4, parametrization (being completed by parameterized module, debugging and operation module);
Step 5, debugging and operation modular debugging operation Business Stream;
Step 6, test report output module output test report.
The corresponding relation of above step and each module as shown in figure 14.
In described step 1, in order to improve the reusability of script, or in order to realize collaboration type exploitation, first user can be decomposed into N step an operation flow, and each step encapsulates and realizes with a service node.Strategy and the granularity of decomposing are determined according to actual needs by user completely.
In described step 2, after finishing service flow process is decomposed, user can add service node in test scene, on the script editing interface providing, develops visual testing script at script editor module.Script is followed Python 2.5 format specifications, system function or pure Python module that user can use any Python 2.5 to support in script.Script editor module has been expanded a collection of automatic test special purpose function on the basis of SIKULI API, formed own exclusive a set of API, all functions wherein all on script editing interface the form with shortcut list, double-click the function that mouse can add appointment in script.When using SIKULI api function, user can directly be inserted in script the parameter as function using the picture file in hard disk (supporting the forms such as common png, jpg, gif, bmp) by the mode such as copy stickup, drag; Also the image segments in other format file (as Word, PowerPoint) can be inserted in script to copy the mode of stickup.The visual testing script of having developed as shown in Figure 2.In addition, script editor module also provides rapid screenshot function, makes the obtaining of image segments in script, Storage and Processing convenient.Rapid screenshot functional schematic as shown in Figure 3.The core parent of script editor module is for the QTextEdit class of plain text or RichText Edition in Qt.
In finishing service node, after the exploitation of script, in the graphics view interface that user can provide at scene molded tissue block, a plurality of service nodes are coupled together with oriented line, thereby build a complete Business Stream.The Business Stream that structure completes as shown in Figure 4.The core parent of scene molded tissue block is for organizing the QGraphicsScene class of two-dimensional primitive in Qt.The core parent of the service node in scene, oriented line, loop body etc. is for representing the QGraphicsItem class of two-dimensional primitive in Qt.
After the structure of finishing service stream, in described step 4, user can need to carry out necessary parametrization to script according to what test.At this moment user can draw a loop body in test scene, by its coverage of the operation adjustments such as convergent-divergent, movement, the service node relevant with parametrization is included within the scope of this, as shown in Figure 5; Double-click afterwards loop body and open parameter form editing interface, title and the value of editor's parameters, as shown in Figure 6; Finally revise the script in service node, the parameterized constant of needs is replaced with to parameter name.The core parent of expressing parameter form in parameterized module is QTextTable class in Qt.
In order to realize loop nesting, in each service node object, there is a loop body list, record this service node within the scope of which loop body.When generating executable Python script, debugging and operation module will calculate the reach of circulation according to the loop body list of each service node, determine the indentation amount of statement, and in Python script, add FOR loop structure.The principle schematic of this algorithm as shown in Figure 7.
After completing necessary parametrization, in described step 5, user just can move whole Business Stream.Debugging and operation module integrate the script information of each service node in Business Stream, add the information such as api function definition, the introducing of Python module, abnormality processing, generate interim script file and interim picture file.Call afterwards SIKULI script runnable interface and carry out script.The workflow of debugging and operation module as shown in Figure 8.
After Business Stream has moved, in described step 6, test report output module, by need to generate the test report (whether generate report and depend on whether added report node in Business Stream) of a html format according to user, will report in script that the test result information of function (comprising testPassed, testFailed, testInfo) definition prints in test report.The test report generating as shown in Figure 9.Test report output module is also responsible for safeguarding the journal file of framework platform in addition.Information in journal file has following two kinds: all abnormal informations of script generation in service; User uses the self-defining log information of printLog function.The preservation position of journal file is the log file under framework platform temp directory SF_temp, and individual log file is only preserved the running log information on the same day, and journal file name is the date on the same day, as " 2011-05-16.log ".
Now illustrate as follows: the transaction flow of user Yao Duiyige Web bank charging call fee is carried out automatic test.First this operation flow is decomposed, be divided into " login ", " inquiry ", " transaction ", " exiting " four steps.The operation instructions of each step and expected results are as shown in figure 11.
User, for each step creates a service node, develops visual testing script on the script editing interface providing, to realize operation corresponding to this step and result inspection at script editor module.The script completing as shown in Figure 2.In the process of compile script, user can call at any time debugging and carry out the script in current business node with operation module.Debugging will generate interim Python script file and interim picture file according to script information with operation module, then call SIKULI script runnable interface and carry out script.
Complete after the exploitation of each service node, in the graphics view interface that user need to provide at scene molded tissue block, these four service nodes are coupled together with oriented line, thereby build a complete Business Stream.The Business Stream that structure completes as shown in Figure 4.
If user wishes to test the situation of paying the fees in a plurality of months, need the month information in " inquiry ", " transaction " two service nodes to carry out parametrization.At this moment user can draw a loop body in test scene, " inquiry " and " transaction " two service nodes is included in race way, as shown in Figure 5; Then, user can double-click loop body and open parameter form editing interface, title and the value of editor's month parameter, as shown in Figure 6; Finally revise the script in service node, by month constant replace with parameter name " time ".
If user also wishes to test such situation: a plurality of different users are paid the fees to a plurality of time periods respectively.This not only means that the username and password needing in " logging in " node carries out parametrization, also means and need to realize loop nesting.At this moment, user can add the body that recirculates (the ectonexine relation of loop nesting is that the hierarchical relationship on view is expressed by loop body) on the basis by scene in the above again, as shown in figure 12.
So far, user just can move whole Business Stream.Debugging and operation module integrate the script information of each service node in Business Stream, add the information such as api function definition, the introducing of Python module, abnormality processing, generate interim script file and interim picture file.Call afterwards SIKULI script runnable interface and carry out script.The workflow of debugging and operation module as shown in Figure 8.
If user wishes to generate a test report after operation Business Stream, need in Business Stream, add report node, as shown in figure 13.Test report is by the information that outputs test result of the setting in script according to user.
Claims (2)
1. the software automated testing system based on graphics view, is characterized in that comprising: script editor module, scene molded tissue block, parameterized module, debugging and operation module, test report output module, wherein,
Described script editor module provides a normative text editing interface, can fast input automatic test common mathematical function whereby; Described script editor module allows user to use to copy to paste or the mode of drag and drop adds picture in script, can rapid screenshot by script editor module, and make the obtaining of image segments in script, Storage and Processing convenient;
Described scene molded tissue block provides one for building the graphics view interface of test scene, create whereby multiple graphic element, and can drag, copy, shear, paste, delete this graphic element, a plurality of graphic elements can also be coupled together with oriented line, thereby form a complete test process; The core parent of described scene molded tissue block is the QGraphicsScene class in Qt;
Described parameterized module provides parameter form editing interface, carries out whereby parameter information importing, derivation, cycle index setting, the setting of parameter form scale; In addition, parameterized module can also carry out necessary parametrization to script,, draws a loop body by user in test scene that is, and adjust its coverage by user's convergent-divergent, move operation, the service node relevant with parametrization is included within the scope of this; Then title and the value of the parameter form editing interface editor parameters in the parameterized module of opening; Finally by user, revise the script in service node, the parameterized constant of needs is replaced with to parameter name; The core parent of described parameterized module is QTextTable class in Qt;
Described debugging and operation module can be integrated the script information of processing in scene, generate Python script file and picture file, and call external interface Run Script;
Described test report output module provides the special purpose function outputing test result, and according to user's the test report file that need to generate html format and the test script running log file of text formatting; Described test report output module has the function of the journal file of safeguarding framework platform;
Wherein, loop body refers to a kind of pel in test scene, and outward appearance is rectangle, can change its shape by pulling four jiaos and four limit mid points, also can change its position by mouse drag and drop; Number of times configuration information is carried out in the parameter information and the circulation that in loop body, comprise script, and by it, the overlay area in scene determines its action scope.
2. the automatic software test method based on graphics view, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
Step 1, scene molded tissue block carries out Business Stream decomposition;
Step 2, script editor module exploitation service node;
Step 3, scene molded tissue block builds Business Stream;
Step 4, carries out necessary parametrization to script;
Step 5, debugging and operation modular debugging operation Business Stream;
Step 6, test report output module output test report;
Wherein,
In described step 1, in order to improve the reusability of script, or in order to realize collaboration type exploitation, first, by scene molded tissue block, a Business Stream is decomposed into N step, each step encapsulates and realizes with a service node; Strategy and the granularity of decomposing are determined according to actual needs by user completely;
In described step 2, in test scene, add service node, on the script editing interface providing at script editor module, develop visual testing script;
In described step 3, in the graphics view interface providing at scene molded tissue block, a plurality of service nodes are coupled together with oriented line, thereby build a complete Business Stream;
In described step 4, according to the needs of test, operation parameter module is carried out necessary parametrization to script,, in test scene, draw a loop body, by convergent-divergent, move operation, adjust its coverage, the service node relevant with parametrization is included within the scope of this; Then in title and the value of the parameter form editing interface editor parameters of opening; Finally revise the script in service node, the parameterized constant of needs is replaced with to parameter name;
In described step 5, move whole Business Stream, debugging and operation module integrate the script information of each service node in Business Stream, add api function definition, the introducing of Python module, abnormality processing information, generate interim script file and interim picture file, then call SIKULI script runnable interface and carry out script;
In described step 6, described test report output module will need to generate the test report of a html format according to user, and the test result information of reporting function definition in script is printed in test report;
In described step 2, described script is followed Python 2.5 format specifications, system function or the pure Python module of in script, using any Python 2.5 to support; Described script editor module has been expanded a collection of automatic test special purpose function on the basis of SIKULI API, formed exclusive a set of API, all functions wherein all on script editing interface the form with shortcut list, double-click the function that mouse can add appointment in script; When using SIKULI api function, the picture file in hard disk is copied to stickup, drags in script the parameter as function; Or the image segments in other format file is inserted in script to copy the mode of stickup; Described script editor module can rapid screenshot, and the core parent of described script editor module is the QTextEdit class in Qt;
In described step 3, the core parent of described scene molded tissue block is for organizing the QGraphicsScene class of two-dimensional primitive in Qt; The core parent of the service node in scene, oriented line, loop body is the QGraphicsItem class in Qt;
In described step 4, the core parent of expressing parameter form in parameterized module is QTextTable class in Qt; In order to realize loop nesting, in each service node object, there is a loop body list, record this service node within the scope of which loop body; When generating executable Python script, debugging and operation module will calculate the reach of circulation according to the loop body list of each service node, determine the indentation amount of statement, and in Python script, add FOR loop structure;
Wherein, loop body refers to a kind of pel in test scene, and outward appearance is rectangle, can change its shape by pulling four jiaos and four limit mid points, also can change its position by mouse drag and drop; Number of times configuration information is carried out in the parameter information and the circulation that in loop body, comprise script, and by it, the overlay area in scene determines its action scope.
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