CN102519800B - Mechanical creep and permanent strength testing machine - Google Patents
Mechanical creep and permanent strength testing machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN102519800B CN102519800B CN 201110374974 CN201110374974A CN102519800B CN 102519800 B CN102519800 B CN 102519800B CN 201110374974 CN201110374974 CN 201110374974 CN 201110374974 A CN201110374974 A CN 201110374974A CN 102519800 B CN102519800 B CN 102519800B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a mechanical creep and permanent strength testing machine. Through increasing the coaxality of a hearth of a heating furnace and a stress application pull rod system and reducing the influences of a lateral shearing force on a loading sample, the loading sample is located at the center of a uniform temperature zone of the heating furnace, thereby, the temperature stability during the testing process is ensured. According to the testing machine, a loading weight is designed on the stress application pull rod system to monitor a force sensor, and the testing force of the loading weight is monitored in real time, thereby, a tester can process testing errors and the faults of the testing machine in time according to an alarm prompt, and the loading sample and testing equipment are effectively ensured to be safe. According to the testing machine, the heating furnace can be kept stable at the horizontal position of a stand during the testing process, thereby, the loading testing force is ensured to be constant during the testing process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of mechanical type creep, permanent strength testing machine, belongs to the technical field of structures of product.
Background technology
Creep, creep rupture test are a kind of high temperature tension tests that carries out under the steady temperature permanent load, and creep, permanent strength testing machine are the special purpose test equipments that metal material carries out high temperature enduring quality test when long.Creep, permanent strength testing machine are classified according to the load mode of test force, mainly contain two types, and a kind of is mechanical type creep, permanent strength testing machine, mainly comes sample is applied test force by the lever-loading counterweight; A kind of is the creep of microcomputer controlled electro minor, permanent strength testing machine, by PID closed-loop control power sensor, by the power sensor sample is applied test force.The accuracy of mechanical type creep, permanent strength testing machine load test power, relying on the laboratory technician to set the counterweight value fully guarantees, be easy to because the artificial origin causes loading the counterweight mistake, affect the true and reliable property of test figure, and the power value calibration interval of testing machine are generally 1 year, when if the mechanical system errors increase makes the test force abnormal in process of the test, because the counterweight quantity that loads does not change, laboratory technician's phenomenon that can not in time note abnormalities will impact the accuracy of test findings; The power sensor of the creep of microcomputer controlled electro minor, permanent strength testing machine is easy to be subject to stability, the reliability of the factor affecting load test power such as zero point drift of the interference of testing machine heating furnace electromagnetic field and electric elements; Reach several thousand for some test durations, even creep during several ten thousand hours long, creep rupture test, if run into long power failure in the process of the test, loading motor quits work, force controller will be out of hand to the test force that sample loads, it is constant that test force is difficult to keep, because the effect of expanding with heat and contract with cold is easy to cause cold disconnected the scrapping of sample; Especially creep test will be in case test force abnormal in the process of the test will have a strong impact on creep data and makes test findings invalid.The creep of using both at home and abroad now, the permanent strength testing machine heating furnace generally all is designed to Split heating furnace, heating furnace generally is fixed on the fixed position of mainframe, sample for different size, the center, soaking zone of heating furnace is difficult to all registration coupon centers, cause easily test temperature gradient and test temperature field wave moving, affect the stability of test temperature, and Split heating furnace is in the fixing less stable of frame horizontal level, can not well guarantee the alignment of the afterburning tie system of heating furnace burner hearth and testing machine, thereby load test power is impacted.
Summary of the invention
The present invention designs for the shortcoming that exists in the above-mentioned existing apparatus just a kind of mechanical type creep, permanent strength testing machine is provided, its objective is by design electric/manual lifting cartridge type push-pull configuration heating furnace, improve the stability of installation sample heating-up temperature, improve the alignment of afterburner system, reduce loading the impact that sample is subjected to cross shear, guarantee authenticity, the reliability of test figure;
Load counterweight power sensor in the design of afterburning tie system, Real-Time Monitoring load test power improves the accuracy of load test power in the whole process of the test;
In afterburning lever both sides a photoswitc is installed respectively, is made heating furnace keep stable at the frame horizontal level, guarantee that process of the test load test power is constant.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of mechanical type creep of this kind, permanent strength testing machine is characterized in that:
⑴ this testing machine comprises electric up-down motor, wire rope, mainframe pillar, heating furnace, manual control box guidance panel, hand-cranking engine, hand-operated lifting handle and wirerope-winding spool, two wire rope bolts are in the wire-rope sling of heating furnace upper surface, by suspended on the wirerope-winding spool, the wirerope-winding spool is by the rotation of electric up-down driven by motor, and the center of heating furnace has the heating furnace perforate to pass the afterburning pull bar of testing machine;
Heating furnace adopts the shaft-type furnace structure, the heating furnace alignment location-plate of two same sizes is fixed in up and down two end faces of heating furnace by screw with screw, the dual-side of every heating furnace alignment location-plate has a heating furnace location gap, the heating furnace location gap of two heating furnace alignment location-plates is sandwiched on the mainframe pillar, on the contact position of heating furnace location gap and mainframe pillar rolling bearing is installed;
Alternative electric up-down motor carried out descending operation to heating furnace after the hand-operated lifting handle drove the hand-cranking engine generating.
Be installed in pointer at heating furnace, be carved with heating furnace lifting travel scale at the mainframe pillar, can record the height and position at sample center in the heating furnace to the sensing scale of pointer on heating furnace lifting travel scale.
⑵ be used for the power sensor that monitoring loads counterweight at one of the end series winding of the afterburning pull bar of testing machine, power sensor and the test force numerical value that testing machine manual control box guidance panel and PLC Programmable Logic Controller realize being electrically connected to show and record power sensor bears;
⑶ respectively install the horizontal offset that a photoswitc is used for monitoring afterburning lever in the both sides of the afterburning lever of testing machine, afterburning lever the below alarm switch that is used for the monitoring sample fracture is installed, motor is connected with the afterburning lever of top by afterburning pull bar and drives its rotation and adjust the horizontal level of afterburning lever.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1. be the alignment of effectively guaranteeing heating furnace burner hearth and afterburning tie system, reduce and load the impact that sample is subjected to cross shear, the lifting of heating furnace has electric up-down and hand-operated lifting dual mode, normal test operation can be used the electric up-down mode, during during accidental power failure, available hand-operated lifting mode operates heating furnace; At testing machine mainframe design heating furnace lifting travel scale, installation position, sample center, location when falling heating furnace, makes the installation sample be in the center, soaking zone of heating furnace, guarantees the stability of the temperature of process of the test.
2. this testing machine is by loading counterweight monitoring force sensor in afterburning tie system design; Real-Time Monitoring loads the test force of counterweight; and monitoring test power is sent to ipc monitor computer system real-time storage; the design audible-visual alarm lamp; by the PLC Programmable Logic Controller installation sample and testing machine are carried out safety protection control in real time; when load test power is made mistakes; when sample fracture or testing machine fault; audible-visual alarm lamp sends the sound and light alarm prompting simultaneously; the laboratory technician can according to the timely Processing Test mistake of alarm and testing machine fault, effectively protect the safety of installation sample and testing equipment.
3. this testing machine can make heating furnace keep stable at the frame horizontal level in process of the test, guarantees that process of the test load test power is constant.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the one-piece construction synoptic diagram of testing machine of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the shape and structure synoptic diagram of the heating furnace alignment location-plate of testing machine of the present invention
Fig. 3 is the upward view of Fig. 2
Fig. 4 is the side view of testing machine of the present invention
Embodiment
Below with reference to drawings and Examples the utility model device is further described:
Shown in accompanying drawing 1～3, this testing machine comprises electric up-down motor 1, wire rope 2, mainframe pillar 3, heating furnace 5, manual control box guidance panel 6, hand-cranking engine 7, hand-operated lifting handle 8 and wirerope-winding spool 9, two wire rope 2 bolts are in the wire-rope sling 4 of heating furnace 5 upper surfaces, hang on the wirerope-winding spool 9 by pulley 13, wirerope-winding spool 9 is by electric up-down motor 1 driven rotary, and the center of heating furnace 5 has heating furnace perforate 17 to pass the afterburning pull bar 18 of testing machine;
Heating furnace 5 adopts the shaft-type furnace structure, 4 screws of heating furnace alignment location-plate 10 usefulness of two same sizes are fixed in up and down two end faces of heating furnace 5 by screw 16, the dual-side of every heating furnace alignment location-plate 10 has a heating furnace location gap 14, the heating furnace location gap 14 of two heating furnace alignment location-plates 10 is sandwiched on the mainframe pillar 3, on the contact position of heating furnace location gap 14 and mainframe pillar 3 rolling bearing 15 is installed, such structure can limit the displacement of horizontal direction of heating furnace 5 and coaxial with the afterburning pull bar 18 of testing machine;
1 pair of heating furnace of alternative electric up-down motor 5 carried out descending operation after hand-operated lifting handle 8 drove hand-cranking engine 7 generatings.
Be installed in pointer 11 at heating furnace 5, be carved with heating furnace lifting travel scale 12 at mainframe pillar 3, can record the height and position at sample center in the heating furnace 5 to the sensing scale of pointer 11 on heating furnace lifting travel scale 12.
In process of the test, on manual control box guidance panel 6, can start electric up-down motor 1 lifting heating furnace 5 by heating furnace 5 lifting buttons, in falling the process of heating furnace, when the heating furnace alignment location-plate 10 of heating furnace 5 lower surfaces drops to the center of clamping sample, height and position according to the heating furnace lifting travel scale 12 record sample centers on the mainframe pillar, then continue to fall heating furnace 5, until heating furnace to pointer 11 and at the height and position at the sample center of heating furnace lifting travel scale 12 record at once getting final product, guarantee that sample is in the center, soaking zone of heating furnace, guarantees the stability of test temperature in the whole process of the test.When having a power failure when meeting accident, shake hand-operated lifting handle 8 and drive the descending operation that the rear driving electric lifting motor 1 of hand-cranking engine 7 generatings carries out heating furnace 5.
Shown in accompanying drawing 4, one of end series winding at the afterburning pull bar 18 of testing machine is used for the power sensor 20 that monitoring loads counterweight 19, power sensor 20 and the test force numerical value that testing machine manual control box guidance panel 6 and PLC Programmable Logic Controller 21 realize being electrically connected to show and record power sensor 2 bears;
During test, place the counterweight 19 that needs loading at weight tray 26, after manual control box guidance panel 6 is set the positive and negative deviation undulating quantity of loaded targets power value and permission, press the loading key at manual control box guidance panel 6, PLC Programmable Logic Controller 21 sends load instructions for motor 25, motor 25 starts drive turbine leading screw and moves downward the tension sample, sample is born load counterweight power, in loading procedure, load the test force that counterweight monitoring force sensor 20 Real-Time Monitoring samples bear, and on the LED display of manual control box guidance panel 1, show in real time load test power, and load test power is sent to the ipc monitor computer system stores in real time, when the counterweight power value of actual loaded surpasses the scope of the deviation undulating quantity that the target setting test force allows, audible-visual alarm lamp and supervisory computer system are sent alarm simultaneously, the laboratory technician can in time end test operation, effectively prevents from loading makeing mistakes;
⑶ respectively install the horizontal offset that a photoswitc 23 is used for monitoring afterburning lever 22 in the both sides of the afterburning lever 22 of testing machine, afterburning lever 22 the below alarm switch 24 that is used for the monitoring sample fracture is installed, motor 25 is connected with the afterburning lever 22 of top by afterburning pull bar 18 and drives its rotation and adjust the horizontal level of afterburning lever 22.
During work, the afterburning lever 22 of optoelectronic switch 23 monitoring that install the afterburning lever 22 afterburning end left and right sides departs from the side-play amount of level, a disconnected sample alarm switch 24 is installed in the below of the reinforcing end of afterburning lever 22, motor 25 connects a pluggable wind 27, in the process of the test after weight tray 26 loads counterweights 19, start afterburning lever automatic flat-adjustable function at manual control box guidance panel 6, whether the optoelectronic switch 23 real-time automatic monitoring levers 22 of the afterburning lever 22 afterburning end left and right sides are horizontal, when afterburning lever 22 is higher or lower than horizontal level, the afterburning lever 22 of optoelectronic switch 23 feedbacks departs from the horizontal level signal to PLC Programmable Logic Controller 21, PLC Programmable Logic Controller 21 regulates afterburning lever 22 for motor 25 instructions automatically, afterburning lever 22 is horizontal in process of the test in real time, guarantees that test is constant in the whole process of the test.
Meet accident in the process of the test when having a power failure, creep test method regulation process of the test has a power failure and can not unload, afterburning lever 22 departs from horizontal level if the during accidental power failure sample is because shrinkage makes, the actual pulling force that bears of sample will constantly increase, do not broken by shrinkage for guaranteeing sample, can keep horizontal level by manual leveling wind 27 drive motors 25 adjustment (adjusting) levers 22, the test force that sample is born is constant, guarantees that sample is not broken because of the sample shrinkage.
Compared with prior art, testing machine of the present invention have specifically that automaticity is high, data accurately and reliably, easy to operate advantage.
Claims (2)
1. a mechanical type creep, permanent strength testing machine is characterized in that:
⑴ this testing machine comprises electric up-down motor (1), wire rope (2), mainframe pillar (3), heating furnace (5), manual control box guidance panel (6), hand-cranking engine (7), hand-operated lifting handle (8) and wirerope-winding spool (9), two wire rope (2) bolt is in the wire-rope sling (4) of heating furnace (5) upper surface, hang on the wirerope-winding spool (9) by pulley (13), wirerope-winding spool (9) is by electric up-down motor (1) driven rotary, and the center of heating furnace (5) has heating furnace perforate (17) to pass the afterburning pull bar (18) of testing machine;
Heating furnace (5) adopts the shaft-type furnace structure, the heating furnace alignment location-plate (10) of two same sizes is fixed in up and down two end faces of heating furnace (5) by screw (16) with screw, the dual-side of every heating furnace alignment location-plate (10) has a heating furnace location gap (14), the heating furnace location gap (14) of two heating furnace alignment location-plates (10) is sandwiched on the mainframe pillar (3), on the contact position of heating furnace location gap (14) and mainframe pillar (3) rolling bearing (15) is installed;
Alternative electric up-down motor (1) carried out descending operation to heating furnace (5) after hand-operated lifting handle (8) drove hand-cranking engine (7) generating;
⑵ be used for the power sensor (20) that monitoring loads counterweight (19) at one of the end series winding of the afterburning pull bar of testing machine (18), and power sensor (20) is realized being electrically connected with the test force numerical value that shows and record power sensor (20) bears with testing machine manual control box guidance panel (6) and PLC Programmable Logic Controller (21);
⑶ respectively install the horizontal offset that a photoswitc (23) is used for monitoring afterburning lever (22) in the both sides of the afterburning lever of testing machine (22), afterburning lever (22) the below alarm switch (24) that is used for the monitoring sample fracture is installed, motor (25) is connected with the afterburning lever (22) of top by afterburning pull bar (18) and drives its rotation and adjust the horizontal level of afterburning lever (22).
2. mechanical type creep according to claim 1, permanent strength testing machine, it is characterized in that: install pointer (11) at heating furnace (5), be carved with heating furnace lifting travel scale (12) at mainframe pillar (3), can record the height and position at sample center in the heating furnace (5) to the sensing scale of pointer (11) on heating furnace lifting travel scale (12).
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| CN 201110374974 CN102519800B (en) | 2011-11-18 | 2011-11-18 | Mechanical creep and permanent strength testing machine |
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| CN 201110374974 CN102519800B (en) | 2011-11-18 | 2011-11-18 | Mechanical creep and permanent strength testing machine |
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| CN102519800B true CN102519800B (en) | 2013-10-16 |
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