CN102519290B - Phase-change energy storage device and ternary single-way/two-way phase-change energy storage method and system - Google Patents
Phase-change energy storage device and ternary single-way/two-way phase-change energy storage method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102519290B CN102519290B CN201210002250XA CN201210002250A CN102519290B CN 102519290 B CN102519290 B CN 102519290B CN 201210002250X A CN201210002250X A CN 201210002250XA CN 201210002250 A CN201210002250 A CN 201210002250A CN 102519290 B CN102519290 B CN 102519290B
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Abstract
The invention provides a phase-change energy storage device and a ternary single-way/two-way phase-change energy storage method and system. The phase-change energy storage device comprises a housing, a phase-change energy storage body, a refrigerating agent pipeline, a water flow channel and a control device, wherein a water flow inlet, a water flow outlet, a refrigerating agent inlet and a refrigerating agent outlet are arranged on the housing; the phase-change energy storage body, the refrigerating agent pipeline and the water flow channel are arranged in the housing; and the phase-change energy storage body comprises a phase-change material and a metal container for accommodating the phase-change material. The phase-change energy storage device and the ternary single-way/two-way phase-change energy storage method and system have the advantages of high-efficient heat transfer, safety, reliability, energy conservation and environment-friendly property.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of phase-change energy storage device and ternary list/two-way phase-change accumulation energy method and system, belong to new material and new forms of energy application.
Technical background
Along with a large amount of consumption of development and the energy of economy, the energy-conservation topic that has become global concern.Country's " 12 " development plan and " State Council is about accelerating the decision (No. [2010] 32, promulgated by the State Council) of cultivation and development strategy new industry " all explicitly call for focus development to promote high-efficiency energy-saving technology equipment and product, realize that the major fields key technology breaks through.So it is particularly important that the research of stored energy and heat transfer technology just seems.Phase-change heat transfer has important theory significance and application background widely for fields such as chemical industry, refrigeration, discharge and power, spacecraft heat control techniques, and reinforced transformation one of problems of concern of people often that conducts heat how.Therefore, development efficient phase-change energy storage technology, energy conversion efficiency and the storage density of reinforced transformation heat energy device could be alleviated the problems such as present energy shortage effectively.
The air conditioner energy saving technology has obtained flourish, but the problem of present ubiquity several respects: the one, the entire system Energy Efficiency Ratio is low, and efficiency of energy utilization is low, causes energy consumption high.The 2nd, indoor air quality worsens, and directly affects health.The 3rd, do not take full advantage of natural cooling source, be unfavorable for balance electrical network peak valley.The Japanology mechanism that is representative with Tokyo power industry Academia Sinica and Japanese Utsunomiya university building studies show that: the PCM of phase transition temperature between 20-22 ℃ is suitable for the phase change cold-storage air-conditioning technical, and can make indoor temperature remain on 25-26 ℃, can reach good indoor thermal comfort degree.Therefore develop phase change energy storage technology, take full advantage of natural cooling source, save energy consumption and utilize energy-storage system to alleviate air-conditioning equipment to the impact of electrical network; Improve the surrounding air quality, improve comfort level, concrete very important meaning.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of phase-change energy storage device and ternary list/two-way phase-change accumulation energy method and system, this phase-change energy storage device and ternary list/efficient, safe and reliable, energy-conserving and environment-protective of two-way phase-change accumulation energy method and system heat transfer.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of phase-change energy storage device comprises shell, phase-change accumulation energy body, refrigerant tubing, water stream channel and control device;
Shell is provided with flow inlet, water export, refrigerant inlet and refrigerant outlet; Described phase-change accumulation energy body, refrigerant tubing and water stream channel all are arranged in housing; The phase-change accumulation energy body comprises phase-change material and is used for holding the canister of phase-change material.
Described phase-change accumulation energy body is a plurality of, and a plurality of phase-change accumulation energy bodies are top side and the bottom side that indenting mode is arranged on shell.
The overall shape of described refrigerant tubing is square waveform, totally forms for the refrigerant tubing of square waveform is docked successively by multistage square waveform pipeline.
A kind of ternary is single/two-way phase-change accumulation energy system, comprise refrigeration system and aforesaid phase-change energy storage device, and described ternary is water, cold-producing medium and phase-change material body; Refrigeration system comprises condenser, evaporimeter, compressor and choke valve; Refrigeration system is connected with the coolant channel of phase-change energy storage device by parallel connection or series system; The water stream channel of phase-change energy storage device carries out closed circulation [closed circulation, the flow inlet and the water export that are about to the water stream channel of phase-change energy storage device block, and allow water self-loopa in phase-change energy storage device], perhaps water stream channel is communicated with outdoor cold water.
When adopting series system, condenser, evaporimeter, compressor, choke valve and phase-change energy storage device serial connection.
When adopting parallel way, choke valve, condenser, compressor and evaporimeter serial connection, phase-change energy storage device is in parallel with evaporimeter by two triple valves.
The control device of phase-change energy storage device comprises microprocessor, temperature sensor, flow sensor and alarm; Temperature sensor, flow sensor and alarm all are connected with microprocessor, and flow control valve also is housed in refrigerant tubing and water stream channel; Flow control valve is controlled by microprocessor.
A kind of phase-change energy storage device and ternary list/two-way phase-change accumulation energy method, adopt aforesaid ternary single/two-way phase-change accumulation energy system, comprise unidirectional phase-change accumulation energy pattern and two-way phase-change accumulation energy pattern; These two kinds of patterns simultaneously or individualism; Refrigerant flow direction is opposite with water (flow) direction;
Unidirectional phase-change accumulation energy pattern refers to that cold-producing medium feeds water the cold transmission;
Two-way phase-change accumulation energy pattern: refer to that water passes to phase-change material with cold, perhaps, phase-change material feeds water the cold transmission.
At first with cold transmission feedwater, be unidirectional phase-change accumulation energy pattern this moment to cold-producing medium under charging; Water passes to phase-change material with cold, and this moment, phase-change material became solid phase from liquid phase;
Under discharging, phase-change material feeds water the cold transmission, but water can not pass to cold-producing medium with cold, and this moment, phase-change material became liquid phase from solid phase.
Ternary is single/during two-way phase-change accumulation energy system operation, comprise following two kinds of operating modes:
1. phase variant energy storage operating mode:
When water flow temperature lower than preset temperature under in limited time, refrigerant tubing is closed, water stream channel is opened, during higher than water flow temperature, due to the heat transfer temperature difference effect, phase-change accumulation energy body and water stream channel carry out heat exchange automatically when the phase-change accumulation energy temperature, absorb cold and carry out energy storage and undergo phase transition, liquid becomes solid;
When water flow temperature higher than preset temperature in limited time, refrigerant tubing and water stream channel are opened simultaneously, and refrigerant tubing is current cooling, when the phase-change accumulation energy temperature during higher than water flow temperature, the phase-change accumulation energy body carries out energy storage and undergoes phase transition by water stream channel automatic absorption cold, and liquid becomes solid;
2. the phase variant is released the energy operating mode:
When water flow temperature higher than preset temperature under in limited time, refrigerant tubing is closed, water stream channel is opened, when the phase-change accumulation energy temperature during lower than water flow temperature, phase-change accumulation energy body and water stream channel carry out heat exchange automatically, and released cold quantity is released and can and be undergone phase transition, and solid becomes liquid.
Shell adopts metal or plastic material, and pastes insulation material outward, and insulation material is polyurethane, polystyrene, aluminium silicate wool felt or rubber and plastic.
Described phase-change material body is Ba (OH)
28H
2O, Zn (NO
3)
26H
2O, CaBr
26H
2O or CaCl
26H
2O, Na
2CO
310H
2O, Na
2HPO
412H
2O or inorganic-organic composites;
Beneficial effect:
Phase-change energy storage device can be realized in parallel or series operation with air-conditioning system flexibly, the control logic that carries by this device realizes operation and the switching of different operating modes, in order to greatly improve the operational efficiency of refrigeration system, extend the running time of natural cooling source, and solve the difficult problem that to freeze after power failure.Utilize outdoor natural cooling source to be the phase-change material accumulation of energy, or utilize cold-producing medium to be the phase-change material accumulation of energy during night dip electricity price; Can utilize without natural cooling source until daytime or emit cold during the peak value electricity price to be room temperature lowering, greatly shorten the running time of refrigeration machine, reduce the energy consumption of air-conditioning system, and utilize the time-of-use tariffs difference, have considerable economic benefit.
Based on phase-change accumulation energy efficient and the low problem of heat transfer efficiency, the present invention is dexterously with model structure and the theoretical combination of ternary list/two-direction heat-exchanging, by phase-change accumulation energy body and the coupling of air-conditioning system characteristic, directly the phase-change accumulation energy body is dissolved in the large parts of traditional air conditioner refrigerating four, move with the refrigeration system serial or parallel connection, utilize the phase-change accumulation energy body to bear the refrigeration demand on daytime, reduce the running time of refrigeration system.Simultaneously this phase-change accumulation energy body can also the locker room outside natural cooling source, by water circuit, outdoor natural cooling source is stored in the phase-change accumulation energy body.During higher than phase-change material temperature, utilize phase-change material to release cold cooling to it at circulating water temperature, save the energy consumption effect thereby reach; When water stream channel when variable conduit all fails to satisfy the demands mutually, carry out refrigeration cool-down and energy storage by opening refrigerant tubing, thereby realize that the current operating mode is stable, make its water temperature constant within required scope (default 20 ℃-25 ℃), reduce the air conditioning water secondary conversion energy consumption of losing, guarantee the normally operation of air conditioner end equipment evaporated condensation water, safety, and finally reach energy-conservation purpose.
The two-way phase-change heat-exchange energy-storage module of this ternary (list) device has following clear superiority:
1, can utilize natural cold quantity in outdoor cold water to the energy storage of lowering the temperature of phase-change accumulation energy body, thereby reduce the opening time of refrigerant tubing, and then the operation and maintenance of saving air-conditioning equipment takes.
2, when air conditioner in machine room equipment fault or power failure, release the refrigeration requirement that can keep water stream channel by controlling phase-change material, guarantee equipment normal operation in machine room, have security reliability.
3, adopt this phase-change energy storage device to carry out heat exchange, improved the heat exchange efficiency of refrigerant tubing and water stream channel, water stream channel and phase-change accumulation energy body, namely conduct heat efficient, thereby improve efficiency of energy utilization.
4, the control device of phase-change energy storage device adopts the technical grade Programmable Logic Controller, and the stability of a system is strong.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that is connected in parallel of the present invention and refrigeration system;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that is connected in series of the present invention and refrigeration system;
Fig. 4 is the structured flowchart of control device;
Label declaration:
1, phase-change accumulation energy body; 2, refrigerating channel; 3, water stream channel; 4, phase-change energy storage device; 5, the first triple valve; 6, compressor; 7, condenser; 8, choke valve; 9, the second triple valve; 10, evaporimeter.
The specific embodiment
Below with reference to figure and specific implementation process, the present invention is described in further details.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of phase-change energy storage device is evenly arranged series of phase transitions storage bodies (as shown in Figure 1) in the enclosure, forms aquaporin between the phase-change accumulation energy body; Arrange tortuous copper pipe along the water stream channel direction, form refrigerant tubing, and refrigerant flow direction is opposite with water (flow) direction in order to strengthen heat exchange.Temperature sensor all is installed in phase-change accumulation energy body, refrigerant tubing, water stream channel, flow control valve also is housed in refrigerant tubing and water stream channel; The heat transfer module device has liquid injection hole; Control system comprises microprocessor, temperature sensor, communication module and alarm; Described sensor, communication module and alarm all are connected with microprocessor.Utilize the temperature of temperature, indoor temperature and the phase-change material body of temperature sensor measurement circulation Inlet and outlet water, start alarm when indoor temperature surpasses temperature upper limit; The various temperature signals that detect are passed to microprocessor by communication module, to realize normal operation and the switching of various operating modes.
This phase-change heat-exchange energy storage device is introduced outdoor cold water by water stream channel, process is carried out stored energy with the phase-change material heat exchange, and when the current operating mode is not satisfied the demand, by phase-change accumulation energy body and refrigerant tubing, it is lowered the temperature, guarantee that water flow temperature is stable, and finally reach energy-conservation purpose.
Described water stream channel, refrigerant tubing are equipped with flow control valve;
Mounting temperature sensor in described refrigerant tubing, water stream channel, phase variable conduit;
Described phase-change accumulation energy heat transfer module device, it is characterized in that, each building block of phase-change accumulation energy heat transfer module device is installed in module, and module housing adopts metal or plastic material, and paste insulation material outward, insulation material is polyurethane, polystyrene, aluminium silicate wool felt or rubber and plastic;
Described phase-change accumulation energy heat transfer module device is characterized in that described control device also comprises temperature sensor, flow sensor, communication module and alarm; Described sensor, communication module and alarm all are connected with microprocessor.
Its course of work is:
1. phase variant energy storage operating mode:
When water flow temperature during lower than preset temperature lower limit (20 ℃), refrigerant tubing is closed, simultaneously close compressor, condenser and expansion valve [being choke valve], an open water circulation road, the cold water that provides by outdoor natural cooling source effect is to the phase-change energy storage device accumulation of energy; During higher than water flow temperature, due to the heat transfer temperature difference effect, phase-change accumulation energy body and water stream channel carry out heat exchange automatically when the phase-change accumulation energy temperature, absorb cold and carry out energy storage and undergo phase transition, and liquid becomes solid;
During higher than the preset temperature upper limit (25 ℃), refrigerant tubing and water stream channel are opened simultaneously when water flow temperature, open compressor, condenser and expansion valve, and refrigerant tubing is the current coolings; During higher than water flow temperature, the phase-change accumulation energy body carries out energy storage and undergoes phase transition by water stream channel automatic absorption cold when the phase-change accumulation energy temperature, and liquid becomes solid;
2. the phase variant is released the energy operating mode:
During higher than preset temperature lower limit (20 ℃), refrigerant tubing is closed when water flow temperature, close compressor, condenser and expansion valve simultaneously, and water stream channel is opened; During lower than water flow temperature, phase-change accumulation energy body and water stream channel carry out heat exchange automatically when the phase-change accumulation energy temperature, and phase-change accumulation energy body released cold quantity reduces water flow temperature, utilizes the water of low temperature to be room temperature lowering, and this moment, the phase-change accumulation energy body underwent phase transition, and solid becomes liquid.
According to theoretical analysis and calculation and simulation, can realize the year air conditioner energy saving more than 35% of industrial building with the air-conditioning system of this phase-change accumulation energy heat transfer module device, the year air conditioner energy saving more than 20% of civil buildings.
Claims (3)
1. a ternary list/two-way phase-change accumulation energy method, is characterized in that, adopt ternary single/two-way phase-change accumulation energy system, comprise unidirectional phase-change accumulation energy pattern and two-way phase-change accumulation energy pattern; These two kinds of patterns simultaneously or individualism; Refrigerant flow direction is opposite with water (flow) direction;
Unidirectional phase-change accumulation energy pattern refers to that cold-producing medium feeds water the cold transmission;
Two-way phase-change accumulation energy pattern: refer to that water passes to phase-change material with cold, perhaps, phase-change material feeds water the cold transmission;
Ternary is single/and two-way phase-change accumulation energy system comprises refrigeration system and phase-change energy storage device, and described ternary is water, cold-producing medium and phase-change material body; Refrigeration system comprises condenser, evaporimeter, compressor and choke valve; Refrigeration system is connected with the refrigerant tubing of phase-change energy storage device by parallel connection or series system; The water stream channel of phase-change energy storage device carries out closed circulation, perhaps water stream channel is communicated with outdoor cold water;
When adopting series system, condenser, evaporimeter, compressor, choke valve and phase-change energy storage device serial connection;
When adopting parallel way, choke valve, condenser, compressor and evaporimeter serial connection, phase-change energy storage device is in parallel with evaporimeter by two triple valves;
The control device of phase-change energy storage device comprises microprocessor, temperature sensor, flow sensor and alarm; Temperature sensor, flow sensor and alarm all are connected with microprocessor, and flow control valve also is housed in refrigerant tubing and water stream channel; Flow control valve is controlled by microprocessor;
Described phase-change energy storage device comprises shell, phase-change accumulation energy body, refrigerant tubing, water stream channel and control device; Shell is provided with flow inlet, water export, refrigerant inlet and refrigerant outlet; Described phase-change accumulation energy body, refrigerant tubing and water stream channel all arrange in the enclosure; The phase-change accumulation energy body comprises phase-change material and is used for holding the canister of phase-change material;
Described phase-change accumulation energy body is a plurality of, and a plurality of phase-change accumulation energy bodies are top side and the bottom side that indenting mode is arranged on shell;
The overall shape of described refrigerant tubing is square waveform, totally forms for the refrigerant tubing of square waveform is docked successively by multistage square waveform pipeline.
2. ternary list/two-way phase-change accumulation energy method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, at first with cold transmission feedwater, be unidirectional phase-change accumulation energy pattern this moment to cold-producing medium under charging; Water passes to phase-change material with cold, and this moment, phase-change material became solid phase from liquid phase;
Under discharging, phase-change material feeds water the cold transmission, but water can not pass to cold-producing medium with cold, and this moment, phase-change material became liquid phase from solid phase.
3. ternary list/two-way phase-change accumulation energy method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, ternary is single/during two-way phase-change accumulation energy system operation, comprise following two kinds of operating modes:
1. phase variant energy storage operating mode:
When water flow temperature lower than preset temperature under in limited time, refrigerant tubing is closed, water stream channel is opened, when the phase-change accumulation energy temperature during higher than water flow temperature, due to the heat transfer temperature difference effect, phase-change accumulation energy body and water stream channel carry out heat exchange automatically, absorb cold and carry out energy storage and undergo phase transition, and become solid by liquid;
When water flow temperature higher than preset temperature in limited time, refrigerant tubing and water stream channel are opened simultaneously, and refrigerant tubing is current cooling, when the phase-change accumulation energy temperature during higher than water flow temperature, the phase-change accumulation energy body carries out energy storage and undergoes phase transition by water stream channel automatic absorption cold, becomes solid by liquid;
2. the phase variant is released the energy operating mode:
When water flow temperature higher than preset temperature under in limited time, refrigerant tubing is closed, water stream channel is opened, when the phase-change accumulation energy temperature during lower than water flow temperature, phase-change accumulation energy body and water stream channel carry out heat exchange automatically, and released cold quantity is released and can and be undergone phase transition, and becomes liquid by solid.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102927721A (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2013-02-13 | 沈阳建筑大学 | Ternary bidirectional phase change energy storage type heat exchanger |
| CN102997732B (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2015-07-15 | 沈阳建筑大学 | Novel two-way phase transformation energy storage equipment |
| CN106642855A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-05-10 | 南京航空航天大学 | Airborne evaporation cycle refrigeration comprehensive heat management system and method and application thereof |
| CN110068166A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-07-30 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of gas-liquid and fluid-solid coupling phase-change accumulation energy radiator |
| CN111083912B (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2021-04-02 | 湖南大学 | Phase change energy storage cold energy distribution unit, air conditioning system using same and control method of air conditioning system |
| CN114526626B (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2023-07-21 | 广东美的白色家电技术创新中心有限公司 | Energy storage heat exchange device and electrical equipment |
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