CN102518478B - For steam turbine and the controlling method thereof of desalination of sea water - Google Patents

For steam turbine and the controlling method thereof of desalination of sea water Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102518478B
CN102518478B CN201110443981.3A CN201110443981A CN102518478B CN 102518478 B CN102518478 B CN 102518478B CN 201110443981 A CN201110443981 A CN 201110443981A CN 102518478 B CN102518478 B CN 102518478B
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pressure
modulating valve
exhaust steam
sea water
controller
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CN102518478A (en
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葛存飞
徐静霞
钱小东
朱恒
唐真和
李帅
杜超
姚洪国
侯京安
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Hangzhou Zhongneng Turbine Machinery Equipment Co ltd
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Hangzhou Chinen Steam Turbine Power Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124Water desalination

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Abstract

Steam turbine for desalination of sea water disclosed by the invention, comprise turbine rotor, steam inlet pipe, exhaust steam pipe, be positioned at admission modulating valve on steam inlet pipe and control the controller of admission modulating valve work, described exhaust steam pipe exports and connects sea water desalinating unit, also comprises the exhaust steam pressure detection unit be arranged on exhaust steam pipe and the unit that tests the speed detecting turbine rotor rotating speed; Exhaust steam pressure detection unit and the cell signal that tests the speed input to described controller; Test the speed unit, controller and admission modulating valve forms a speed closed loop control system, and controller regulates admission modulating valve according to rotor speed; As the Setting signal of rotating speed after the pressure signal of described exhaust steam pressure detection unit and the process of setting pressure signal contrast, thus this Stress control is integrated in described speed closed loop control system as serials control.The present invention, while guarantee system stable operation, is achieved the automatic control of exhaust temperature, effectively can meet the requirement of desalination of sea water by a series of means.

Description

For steam turbine and the controlling method thereof of desalination of sea water
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of steam turbine, especially a kind of steam turbine for desalination of sea water and controlling method thereof.
Background technique
Along with the development of science and technology, energy-consuming demand increases rapidly, and freshwater resources supply has become the subject matter of 21 century.With regard to desalination of sea water, 80% institute obtains and adopts the way of distillation to obtain, and the required steam world generally adopts high-quality steam pressure and temperature reducing gained, and this just causes the significant wastage of heat energy, is difficult to reach energy-conservation object.Adopt the coproduction of water power vapour, obtain the light required heat energy in sea on the one hand, obtain electric energy extra in a large number on the one hand, on the one hand also can externally heat supply, reach the maximum utilization of the energy.Domestic and international existing water-electricity cogeneration steam turbine or blank out, still can not realize the automatic adjustment of desalination of sea water temperature required (the requirement restriction of extra large light device to temperature is strict), more can not externally heat supply on this basis.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the deficiency in order to solve above-mentioned technology and a kind of steam turbine for desalination of sea water designed and controlling method thereof, the requirement of desalination of sea water to exhaust temperature can be met.
The steam turbine for desalination of sea water designed by the present invention, comprise turbine rotor, steam inlet pipe, exhaust steam pipe, be positioned at admission modulating valve on steam inlet pipe and control the controller of admission modulating valve work, described exhaust steam pipe exports and connects sea water desalinating unit, also comprises the exhaust steam pressure detection unit be arranged on exhaust steam pipe and the unit that tests the speed detecting turbine rotor rotating speed; Described exhaust steam pressure detection unit and the cell signal that tests the speed input to described controller; The described unit that tests the speed, controller and admission modulating valve form a speed closed loop control system, and controller regulates admission modulating valve according to rotor speed; As the Setting signal of rotating speed after the pressure signal of described exhaust steam pressure detection unit and the process of setting pressure signal contrast, thus this Stress control is integrated in described speed closed loop control system as serials control.
As preferably:
Described steam turbine comprises the extraction stage group that inter-stage arranges low pressure modulating valve and extraction line, and extraction line is provided with extraction pressure detection unit, and extraction pressure detection unit signal inputs to described controller, and controller exports and controls described low pressure modulating valve; When quantitative change of drawing gas ensures that exhaust steam pressure is constant greatly, extraction pressure reduces, exhaust steam pressure reduces simultaneously, controller receives the signal of extraction pressure and exhaust steam pressure reduction, and export more afterwards with setting value respectively and control current signal, admission modulating valve is opened greatly, low-pressure adjusting storm valve turns down, until extraction pressure and exhaust steam pressure get back to setting value, adjust valve no longer action, vice versa; When ensureing that extraction pressure is constant when increasing displacement, then admission modulating valve and low-pressure adjusting storm valve are all opened greatly, and vice versa;
Described sea water desalinating unit is also supporting is provided with desuperheat water spray projector system and heating under reduced pressure device;
Described extraction line connects sea water desalinating unit by heating under reduced pressure device;
Described blow-off line is connected with a steam discharge flash chamber, and connects sea water desalinating unit by this steam discharge flash chamber; Steam discharge flash chamber rationally customizes volume size according to turbine discharge amount, and to avoid the steam flow rate entering extra large light device excessive, cause damage to the light device in sea, steam discharge flash chamber can adopt rigidity mounting to be fixed on basis.
Described steam turbine adopts reinforced blade and welding row cylinder; Reinforced blade can promote the ability to bear of exhaust stage blade, satisfyingly bears higher exhaust steam pressure; Steam turbine set exhaust temperature for desalination of sea water is higher, and for bearing high exhaust temperature and preventing the heat expansion caused because temperature is high from driving unit vibration, unit preferably adopts welding row cylinder.
Described extraction line is provided with double wave expansion joint, non-return quick-closing valve and Direct spring loaded safety valve; Such pressure balance type energy compensating axial displacement, lateral displacement and internal pressure thrust can not be produced to pipe-line system; When quick-closing valve, Direct spring loaded safety valve can prevent removal of load, remaining vapour pours in down a chimney into steam turbine.
The controlling method of the steam turbine for desalination of sea water designed by the present invention, comprises the step that controller controls the work of admission modulating valve, also comprises: utilize exhaust steam pressure detection unit to detect the step of exhaust steam pipe pressure;
Utilize the step of the unit inspection turbine rotor rotating speed that tests the speed;
Test the speed unit, controller and admission modulating valve forms a speed closed loop control system, and controller regulates admission modulating valve according to rotor speed; Described exhaust steam pressure detection unit signal inputs to controller, and with the process of setting pressure signal contrast after as the Setting signal of rotating speed, thus this Stress control is integrated in described speed closed loop control system as serials control.
As preferably:
Described steam turbine comprises the extraction stage group that inter-stage arranges low pressure modulating valve and extraction line, and extraction line is provided with extraction pressure detection unit, and extraction pressure detection unit signal inputs to described controller, and controller exports and controls described low pressure modulating valve; When quantitative change of drawing gas ensures that exhaust steam pressure is constant greatly, extraction pressure reduces, exhaust steam pressure reduces simultaneously, controller receives the signal of extraction pressure and exhaust steam pressure reduction, and export more afterwards with setting value respectively and control current signal, admission modulating valve is opened greatly, low-pressure adjusting storm valve turns down, until extraction pressure and exhaust steam pressure get back to setting value, adjust valve no longer action, vice versa; When ensureing that extraction pressure is constant when increasing displacement, then admission modulating valve and low-pressure adjusting storm valve are all opened greatly, and vice versa;
When exhaust temperature departs from outside the light temperature required scope in sea, adopt heating apparatus or desuperheat water spray projector system as auxiliary system work, make extra large light temperature control within temperature required scope;
Gained of the present invention for the steam turbine of desalination of sea water and the beneficial effect of controlling method thereof be: ensure system stable operation while, the automatic control of exhaust temperature is achieved by a series of means, effectively can meet the requirement of desalination of sea water, for desalination of sea water water power vapour coproduction steam turbine opens new approaches.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of embodiment 2;
In figure: turbine rotor 1, steam inlet pipe 2, exhaust steam pipe 3, admission modulating valve 4, controller 5, sea water desalinating unit 6, exhaust steam pressure detection unit 7, the unit 8 that tests the speed, low pressure modulating valve 9, extraction line 10, desuperheat water spray projector system 11, heating under reduced pressure device 12, electro-control converter 13, pressure transducer 14, extraction pressure detection unit signal 15.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the invention will be further described by reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, the steam turbine for desalination of sea water described by the present embodiment, comprise turbine rotor 1, steam inlet pipe 2, exhaust steam pipe 3, be positioned at admission modulating valve 4 on steam inlet pipe 2 and control controller 5 that admission modulating valve 4 works that (admission modulating valve is hydrovalve, controller controls its work by electro-control converter 13), described exhaust steam pipe 3 exports and connects sea water desalinating unit 6, also comprises the exhaust steam pressure detection unit 7 be arranged on exhaust steam pipe 3 and the unit 8 that tests the speed detecting turbine rotor 1 rotating speed; Described exhaust steam pressure detection unit 7 and unit 8 signal that tests the speed input to described controller 5; The described unit 8 that tests the speed, controller 5 and admission modulating valve 4 form a speed closed loop control system, and controller 5 regulates admission modulating valve 4 according to rotor speed; As the Setting signal of rotating speed after the pressure signal of described exhaust steam pressure detection unit 7 and the process of setting pressure signal contrast, thus this Stress control is integrated in described speed closed loop control system as serials control.Described sea water desalinating unit 6 is also supporting is provided with desuperheat water spray projector system 11 and heating under reduced pressure device 12; Described exhaust steam pipe 3 road is connected with a steam discharge flash chamber, and connects sea water desalinating unit 6 by this steam discharge flash chamber; Steam discharge flash chamber rationally customizes volume size according to turbine discharge amount, and to avoid the steam flow rate entering extra large light device excessive, cause damage to the light device in sea, steam discharge flash chamber can adopt rigidity mounting to be fixed on basis.Described steam turbine adopts reinforced blade and welding row cylinder; Reinforced blade can promote the ability to bear of exhaust stage blade, satisfyingly bears higher exhaust steam pressure; Steam turbine set exhaust temperature for desalination of sea water is higher, and for bearing high exhaust temperature and preventing the heat expansion caused because temperature is high from driving unit vibration, unit preferably adopts welding row cylinder.Described extraction line 10 is provided with double wave expansion joint, non-return quick-closing valve and Direct spring loaded safety valve; Such pressure balance type energy compensating axial displacement, lateral displacement and internal pressure thrust can not be produced to pipe-line system; When quick-closing valve, Direct spring loaded safety valve can prevent removal of load, remaining vapour pours in down a chimney into steam turbine.
The controlling method of the steam turbine for desalination of sea water described by the present embodiment, comprises the step that controller 5 controls admission modulating valve 4 work, also comprises: utilize exhaust steam pressure detection unit 7 to detect the step of exhaust steam pipe 3 pressure;
The unit 8 that tests the speed is utilized to detect the step of turbine rotor 1 rotating speed;
Test the speed unit 8, controller 5 and admission modulating valve 4 forms a speed closed loop control system, and controller 5 regulates admission modulating valve 4 according to rotor speed; Described exhaust steam pressure detection unit 7 signal inputs to controller 5, and with the process of setting pressure signal contrast after as the Setting signal of rotating speed, thus this Stress control is integrated in described speed closed loop control system as serials control.
When exhaust temperature departs from outside the light temperature required scope in sea, adopt heating apparatus or desuperheat water spray projector system 11 as auxiliary system work, extra large light temperature is controlled within temperature required scope.
This steam turbine can not only provide the steam of equilibrium temperature to the light device in sea, also additionally obtains a large amount of electric energy, achieves the maximum utilization of resource, reaches energy-conservation object.For effective combination of steam turbine and desalination of sea water opens the new situation.
Embodiment 2:
The steam turbine for desalination of sea water described by the present embodiment, steam turbine comprises the extraction stage group that inter-stage arranges low pressure modulating valve 9 and extraction line 10 as different from Example 1, extraction line 10 is provided with extraction pressure detection unit, extraction pressure detection unit signal 15 inputs to described controller 5, and controller 5 exports and controls described low pressure modulating valve 9; When quantitative change of drawing gas ensures that exhaust steam pressure is constant greatly, extraction pressure reduces, exhaust steam pressure reduces simultaneously, controller receives the signal of extraction pressure and exhaust steam pressure reduction, and export more afterwards with setting value respectively and control current signal, admission modulating valve is opened greatly, low-pressure adjusting storm valve turns down, until extraction pressure and exhaust steam pressure get back to setting value, adjust valve no longer action, vice versa; When ensureing that extraction pressure is constant when increasing displacement, then admission modulating valve and low-pressure adjusting storm valve are all opened greatly, and vice versa; Described extraction line 10 connects sea water desalinating unit 6 by heating under reduced pressure device 12.
The controlling method of the steam turbine for desalination of sea water described by the present embodiment, on the basis of embodiment 1, described steam turbine comprises the extraction stage group that inter-stage arranges low pressure modulating valve 9 and extraction line 10, extraction line 10 is provided with extraction pressure detection unit, extraction pressure detection unit signal inputs to described controller 5, and controller 5 exports and controls described low pressure modulating valve 9; When quantitative change of drawing gas ensures that exhaust steam pressure is constant greatly, extraction pressure reduces, exhaust steam pressure reduces simultaneously, controller receives the signal of extraction pressure and exhaust steam pressure reduction, and export more afterwards with setting value respectively and control current signal, admission modulating valve is opened greatly, low-pressure adjusting storm valve turns down, until extraction pressure and exhaust steam pressure get back to setting value, adjust valve no longer action, vice versa; When ensureing that extraction pressure is constant when increasing displacement, then admission modulating valve and low-pressure adjusting storm valve are all opened greatly, and vice versa;
This steam turbine, according to the fixed electric patten's design of vapour, with vapour amount needed for afterbody seawater desalination system for principle, is accomplished the light output one_to_one corresponding of generated energy and sea, and can be changed thereupon in steam turbine range of capacity.
Because the light steam turbine exhaust pressure in sea is high; increase than common water chiller admission flow under same power, exhaust stage blade bears larger flexure stress, therefore adopts the blade of variable cross-section (i.e. reinforced blade) reversed; carry out runner and Strength co-mputation, and carry out modelling.Aerodynamic characteristics can be ensured preferably like this, reduce the centrifugal force that root of blade bears, improve blade strength.
For ensureing to go the steam discharge connecting tube of extra large light device to be unlikely to cause damage to equipment at negative pressure condition lower stress and moment.Steam discharge connecting tube is set up multiplex expansion section and bend pipe pressure balancing formula FlexbleJoint.This pressure balance type energy compensating axial displacement, lateral displacement, and internal pressure thrust can not be produced to pipe-line system.(with reference to figure tetra-)
Unit is furnished with speed closed loop control system and two voltage-regulating systems, and speed closed loop control system and two voltage-regulating systems form a system and involve adjustment, and concrete control thinking is as follows:
Described admission modulating valve is connected with the signals of rotational speed sensor of two MEASUREMENT OF STEAM turbine wheel rotating speeds, this speed probe provides the tach signal needed for adjustment for admission modulating valve, the signal input controller of speed probe, this controller controls the work of admission modulating valve, composition speed closed loop control system; Admission modulating valve is also connected with the exhaust steam pressure transducer signal be arranged on exhaust casing, and the signal of this exhaust steam pressure transmitter inputs described controller composition exhaust steam pressure regulating system, and is integrated in described speed closed loop control system as serials control.
During work, main steam enters admission modulating valve, controller receives two signals of rotational speed sensor and compares with speed setting value, export and perform current signal, this signal converts secondary oil pressure to through admission electro-control converter, secondary oil pressure handles admission modulating valve by admission hydraulic actuator, and this part is speed closed loop control system.Exhaust steam pressure regulates and realizes in aforesaid speed closed loop control system as serials control, the exhaust steam pressure transducer signal received exports with pressure set points and controls current signal by controller more afterwards, and this signal controls the aperture of admission modulating valve as the Setting signal that rotating speed controls.As exhaust steam pressure raise time, controller receives the signal that exhaust steam pressure raises and exports more afterwards with setting value and control current signal, and admission modulating valve 3 turns down, and exhaust steam pressure gets back to setting value; Otherwise when exhaust steam pressure reduces, the signal that controller reception exhaust steam pressure reduces exports more afterwards with setting value and controls current signal, and admission modulating valve is opened greatly, and exhaust steam pressure gets back to setting value.The hydraulic circuit control techniques such as the electro-control converter related in the present embodiment are this field routine techniques, do not add tired stating at this.
In like manner, in legend, extraction steam unit can arrange extraction pressure transmitter to control low-pressure adjusting storm valve on extraction line.The signal of this extraction pressure transmitter inputs described controller composition extraction pressure regulating system, and be integrated in the speed closed loop control system of above-mentioned integrated exhaust steam pressure regulating system, the coordination between admission modulating valve and low-pressure adjusting storm valve is realized by controller.As large in quantitative change of drawing gas and ensure that exhaust steam pressure is constant time, extraction pressure reduces, exhaust steam pressure reduces simultaneously, controller receives the signal of extraction pressure and exhaust steam pressure reduction, export more afterwards with setting value respectively and control current signal, admission modulating valve is opened greatly, and low-pressure adjusting storm valve turns down, until extraction pressure and exhaust steam pressure get back to setting value, adjust valve no longer action; Vice versa.When ensureing that extraction pressure is constant as increased displacement, then admission modulating valve and low-pressure adjusting storm valve are all opened greatly; Vice versa.
To extraction steam unit, for when preventing removal of load, remaining vapour pours in down a chimney into steam turbine, pipeline is set up non-return quick-closing valve, Direct spring loaded safety valve, to ensure the safe operation of unit.
In order to ensure the stability of exhaust temperature, this control system is also provided with a set of heating apparatus and a set of desuperheat water spray projector system as auxiliary system, and exhaust temperature outputs signal control and heats and Desuperheating device work after judging.When exhaust temperature departs from outside the light temperature required scope in sea, two covering devices can be dropped into accordingly, so that extra large light temperature is strict controlled within the scope of requirement.

Claims (10)

1. the steam turbine for desalination of sea water, comprise turbine rotor, steam inlet pipe, exhaust steam pipe, be positioned at admission modulating valve on steam inlet pipe and control the controller of admission modulating valve work, described exhaust steam pipe exports and connects sea water desalinating unit, it is characterized in that also comprising the exhaust steam pressure detection unit be arranged on exhaust steam pipe and the unit that tests the speed detecting turbine rotor rotating speed; Described exhaust steam pressure detection unit and the cell signal that tests the speed input to described controller; The described unit that tests the speed, controller and admission modulating valve form a speed closed loop control system, and controller regulates admission modulating valve according to rotor speed; As the Setting signal of rotating speed after the pressure signal of described exhaust steam pressure detection unit and the process of setting pressure signal contrast, serials control is it can be used as to be integrated in described speed closed loop control system thus.
2. the steam turbine for desalination of sea water according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described steam turbine comprises the extraction stage group that inter-stage arranges low pressure modulating valve and extraction line, extraction line is provided with extraction pressure detection unit, extraction pressure detection unit signal inputs to described controller, and controller exports and controls described low pressure modulating valve; When quantitative change of drawing gas ensures that exhaust steam pressure is constant greatly, extraction pressure reduces, exhaust steam pressure reduces simultaneously, controller receives the signal of extraction pressure and exhaust steam pressure reduction, and export more afterwards with setting value respectively and control current signal, admission modulating valve is opened greatly, low pressure modulating valve turns down, until extraction pressure and exhaust steam pressure get back to setting value, above-mentioned two modulating valve no longer actions, vice versa; When ensureing that extraction pressure is constant when increasing displacement, then admission modulating valve and low pressure modulating valve are all opened greatly, and vice versa.
3. the steam turbine for desalination of sea water according to claim 2, is characterized in that described sea water desalinating unit is also supporting and is provided with desuperheat water spray projector system and heating under reduced pressure device.
4. the steam turbine for desalination of sea water according to claim 3, is characterized in that described extraction line connects sea water desalinating unit by heating under reduced pressure device.
5. the steam turbine for desalination of sea water according to Claims 2 or 3 or 4, is characterized in that described exhaust steam pipe is connected with a steam discharge flash chamber, and connects sea water desalinating unit by this steam discharge flash chamber.
6. the steam turbine for desalination of sea water according to claim 5, is characterized in that described steam turbine adopts reinforced blade and welding row cylinder.
7. the steam turbine for desalination of sea water according to claim 5, is characterized in that described extraction line is provided with double wave expansion joint, non-return quick-closing valve and Direct spring loaded safety valve.
8.-kind of controlling method for the steam turbine of desalination of sea water as claimed in claim 1, comprises the step that controller controls the work of admission modulating valve, it is characterized in that also comprising: utilize exhaust steam pressure detection unit to detect the step of exhaust steam pipe pressure; Utilize the step of the unit inspection turbine rotor rotating speed that tests the speed; Test the speed unit, controller and admission modulating valve forms a speed closed loop control system, and controller regulates admission modulating valve according to rotor speed; Described exhaust steam pressure detection unit signal inputs to controller, and with the process of setting pressure signal contrast after as the Setting signal of rotating speed, it can be used as serials control to be integrated in described speed closed loop control system thus.
9. controlling method according to claim 8, it is characterized in that described steam turbine comprises the extraction stage group that inter-stage arranges low pressure modulating valve and extraction line, extraction line is provided with extraction pressure detection unit, extraction pressure detection unit signal inputs to described controller, and controller exports and controls described low pressure modulating valve; When quantitative change of drawing gas ensures that exhaust steam pressure is constant greatly, extraction pressure reduces, exhaust steam pressure reduces simultaneously, controller receives the signal of extraction pressure and exhaust steam pressure reduction, and export more afterwards with setting value respectively and control current signal, admission modulating valve is opened greatly, low pressure modulating valve turns down, until extraction pressure and exhaust steam pressure get back to setting value, above-mentioned two modulating valve no longer actions, vice versa; When ensureing that extraction pressure is constant when increasing displacement, then admission modulating valve and low pressure modulating valve are all opened greatly, and vice versa.
10. controlling method according to claim 9, it is characterized in that when exhaust temperature departs from outside the temperature required scope of desalination of sea water, adopt heating apparatus or desuperheat water spray projector system as auxiliary system work, desalination of sea water temperature is controlled within temperature required scope.
CN201110443981.3A 2011-12-27 2011-12-27 For steam turbine and the controlling method thereof of desalination of sea water Active CN102518478B (en)

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JP5885614B2 (en) * 2012-07-31 2016-03-15 株式会社東芝 Steam turbine plant, control method thereof, and control system thereof
CN103195523A (en) * 2013-04-09 2013-07-10 云南丰普科技有限公司 Condensing steam turbine with adjustable steam discharging pressure
CN103195503A (en) * 2013-04-16 2013-07-10 北京首钢国际工程技术有限公司 Adjusting system of steam turbine for low-temperature multi-effect seawater desalination system
CN108279713A (en) * 2018-03-14 2018-07-13 西安交通大学 Organic working medium geothermal power generation coordinated control system based on microprocessor and method
CN114635762B (en) * 2022-02-23 2024-03-29 杭州汽轮动力集团股份有限公司 Emergency shutdown system of negative pressure steam inlet condensing steam turbine

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