CN102517445A - Method for extracting minerals from olivine-serpentine ore - Google Patents

Method for extracting minerals from olivine-serpentine ore Download PDF

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CN102517445A
CN102517445A CN2012100088066A CN201210008806A CN102517445A CN 102517445 A CN102517445 A CN 102517445A CN 2012100088066 A CN2012100088066 A CN 2012100088066A CN 201210008806 A CN201210008806 A CN 201210008806A CN 102517445 A CN102517445 A CN 102517445A
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peridotites
ore
serpentine
serpentine ore
cobalt
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许元兴
郭伟亮
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XINJIANG SHIQUAN GOLD MINING CO Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a method for extracting minerals from an olivine-serpentine ore. The method comprises the following steps of: crushing the olivine-serpentine ore; carrying out acid leaching or alkali leaching on the crushed olivine-serpentine ore firstly to obtain a leaching solution; carrying out impurity removal on the obtained leaching solution, then, carrying out vulcanization, and separating precipitates after complete precipitation; and adding a carbonate solution with the temperature of 30-50 DEG C in the mother solution which is subjected to precipitate separation, so as to enable the mother solution to completely precipitate, carrying out precipitate separation to finish the extraction of nickel, cobalt and magnesium from the olivine-serpentine ore. With the adoption of the method, provided by the invention, for extracting the minerals from the olivine-serpentine ore, the nickel, the cobalt and the magnesium in ores can be excellently enriched.

Description

From peridotites-serpentine ore, extract the method for mineral
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of from peridotites-serpentine ore, extracting mineral.
Background technology
Serpentinite mainly by ultrabasic rocks through in the low temperature hot liquid metasomatosis or in rudimentary normal metamorphism; Make peridotites and the pyroxene generation serpentinization in the protolith and form; Each mineral granularity is relatively thin, and metalliferous mineral magnetite, limonite and pyrite are wrapped in the serpentine more.
Principal element nickel cobalt is composed and is stored in the above-mentioned mineral, and content is respectively 0.23% and 0.03%, and microscopically is not found the independent mineral of nickel cobalt.
Adopt physical concentration method (flotation, gravity table) can not enriching nickel, cobalt, Natural manganese dioxide.Therefore, need provide a kind of can enriching nickel, cobalt, method of magnesium oxide.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method of from peridotites-serpentine ore, extracting mineral, use nickel, cobalt and the Natural manganese dioxide of this method in can heads.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of method of from peridotites-serpentine ore, extracting mineral, comprise peridotites-serpentine ore broken, further comprising the steps of:
(1) peridotites-serpentine after the fragmentation is carried out acidleach or alkali earlier and soak, obtain leach liquor;
(2) after the purification of leaching liquor removal of impurities postcure that step (1) is obtained, deposition fully with precipitate and separate;
(3) add 30-50 ℃ carbonate solution in the mother liquor behind the precipitation separation of step (2) and make it deposition fully, precipitation separation is accomplished the extraction of nickel, cobalt, magnesium in peridotites-serpentine ore.
Further, the acid of using in the said acidleach is strong acid.
Further, said strong acid is sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid.
Further, the alkali that uses in soaking of said alkali is highly basic.
Adopt oxidation neutralizing hydrolysis impurity removal method purification and impurity removal when further, iron content is low in the leach liquor during said purification of leaching liquor.
Adopt the jarosite process purification and impurity removal when further, iron content is higher in the leach liquor during said purification of leaching liquor.
Further, the sulfurized concrete grammar is a weakly acidic solution of the leach liquor behind the purification and impurity removal being put into the sulfur compound under the room temperature condition in the step (2).
The present invention also provides a kind of method of from peridotites-serpentine ore, extracting mineral; Comprise peridotites-serpentine ore broken; Further comprising the steps of: as the fusing assistant of the peridotites-serpentine after the fragmentation when producing fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate to be carried out the furnace charge fusion of raw material, accomplish the extraction of nickel, cobalt in peridotites-serpentine ore.
Use first method of the present invention and from peridotites-serpentine ore, extract mineral, nickel, cobalt, magnesium leaching yield are respectively 65～70%; 55～60%; 80～85%.The recovery is respectively 60～65%; 50～55%; 75～80%.This technology is final to obtain two products: one is chemical nickel, cobalt concentrate, nickeliferous 8～10%, contains cobalt 0.87～0.96%; Another product is a magnesite, contains Natural manganese dioxide 41～45%.
Raw ore is made up of purer (98%) lizardite, contains Natural manganese dioxide, silicon-dioxide, and quicklime is than higher.Detrimental impurity three silicon oxide wherein, aluminum oxide, quicklime, lower, can satisfy the requirement of making the fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate fusing assistant.When using it as fusing assistant production fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, wherein metallic nickel, cobalt can comprehensively be reclaimed.
The mature production technology of fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate is simple, and this ore deposit need not special processing.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and constitutes the part of specification sheets, is used to explain the present invention with embodiments of the invention, is not construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is concrete broken preparation technology's flow process of test sample of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the X diffraction analysis collection of illustrative plates of the raw ore of test sample of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the qualification result I in raw ore rock ore deposit: the serpentine of sheet, fibrous serpentine and tool peridotites illusion, Se-serpentine wherein, 1-metalliferous mineral;
Fig. 4 is the qualification result II in raw ore rock ore deposit: metalliferous mineral is dip-dye shape-star spot shape and distributes in serpentine, Se-serpentine wherein, 1-metalliferous mineral;
Fig. 5 is the qualification result III in raw ore rock ore deposit: magnetite is star spot shape and is distributed in the serpentine, Mag-magnetite wherein, Se-serpentine;
Fig. 6 is the qualification result IV in raw ore rock ore deposit: magnetite is the dip-dye shape and is distributed in the serpentine, wherein: Mag-magnetite, Se-serpentine;
Fig. 7 is the qualification result V in raw ore rock ore deposit: be distributed in the limonite in the serpentine, wherein: Li-limonite, Se-serpentine;
Fig. 8 is the qualification result VI in raw ore rock ore deposit: contaminate the limonite of shape and the magnetite that star spot shape distributes, wherein: Li-limonite, Mag-magnetite, Se-serpentine;
Fig. 9 is the qualification result VII in raw ore rock ore deposit: limonite explanation magnetite, wherein: Li-limonite, Mag-magnetite, Se-serpentine;
Figure 10 is the qualification result VIII in raw ore rock ore deposit: star spot shape is distributed in the pyrite in the serpentine, wherein: Py-pyrite, Se-serpentine;
Figure 11 is an ore grindability curve;
Figure 12 is the grinding fineness curve;
Figure 13 is of the present invention from through broken test sample, extracting the process flow sheet of mineral.
Embodiment
The indication percentage composition is all represented the quality percentage composition like specified otherwise not in this embodiment.
1, the collection of test sample and preparation.
1.1 the collection of test sample
Test sample of the present invention is selected from that the Tacheng Tuoli County is nickeliferous, the peridotites of cobalt-serpentinite ore deposit.
1.2 the broken preparation technology of test sample
By standard test sample is carried out fragmentation, screening, mixing, division, taking-up chemistry appearance. [0021]Concrete broken preparation technology's flow process of test sample is seen Fig. 1.
2, the research of ore material composition
The research of ore material composition, purpose are for the chemical ingredients of understanding ore and mineral composition, for the formulation of fully reclaiming useful element in the ore and flow scheme provides foundation.
2.1 the research that ore chemistry is formed
2.1.1 raw ore spectroscopic analysis
Raw ore spectroscopic analysis result sees table 1.
Figure 2012100088066100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
2.1.2 raw ore chemistry multielement analysis
Raw ore chemistry multielement analysis result sees table 2 (quality percentage composition).
Figure 2012100088066100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
2.1.3 raw ore nickel material phase analysis
Raw ore nickel material phase analysis result sees table 3.
Figure 2012100088066100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
2.2 the research of raw ore mineralogical composition
2.2.1 raw ore X diffraction analysis
Raw ore X diffraction analysis 98% is a lizardite, does not detect 2%.
X diffraction analysis collection of illustrative plates is seen Fig. 2.
2.2.2 (different serpentine ores is seen Fig. 3-Figure 10) in the raw ore rock-mineral determination.
3, the mensuration of ore physical properties.
3.1 the mensuration of ore grindability
It is poplar man hedge Da Bei mountain range molybdenum ore that the ore grindability is measured the accepted standard ore, and tested ore is the applicant's nickel and cobalt containing peridotites-serpentinite in the Tacheng Tuoli County of taking a sample, sample ore granularity-2mm～+ 0.154mm.
To test appearance and take by weighing 500g and carry out ore grinding, ore milling concentration 50%, the mill different time, sieve goes-200 orders (0.074mm), to draw out the grinding fineness graphic representation according to-200 order content respectively.The ore grindability is measured the result and is seen table 4, and ore grindability curve is seen Figure 11.
Figure 2012100088066100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
From table 4 and Figure 11, can find out, need 7 minutes 12 seconds (432 seconds) during standard ore mill-200 orders 70%, need 18 minutes 36 seconds (1116 seconds) when tested ore grinds-200 orders 70%, the ore grinding time ratio of standard ore and tested ore does
Figure 455847DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
Wherein: K-representes ore grindability difficulty or ease coefficient;
To-representes the standard ore ore grinding time;
T-representes the tested ore ore grinding time.
Find out that from measuring the result tested ore is many than the difficult mill of standard ore.
3.2 the mensuration of ore true density, aerated density.
Raw ore true density: 2.36 t/m 3
Raw ore aerated density: 1.42 t/m 3
3.3 the mensuration of ore grinding fineness.
The purpose of measuring is through the fineness curve, finds this ore deposit and is ground to the required ore grinding time of a certain percentage composition of-200 orders, and the grinding fineness curve provides foundation for grinding fineness experiment.
Ore grinding is with 240 * 90mm cylindroconical ball mill; Test sample is taken by weighing 500g; Ore milling concentration 50%, the mill different time is used-200 mesh standard sieves elder generation wet screening with the ore pulp that different time grinds; The oversize oven dry with 200 mesh standard sieves inspection dry screen, is drawn out the grinding fineness curve according to (200 order) weight proportion under the sieve again.
The grinding fineness result sees table 5, and the grinding fineness curve is seen Figure 12.
Figure 2012100088066100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
4, from through broken test sample, extracting mineral.
One, first kind of method of extracting mineral
4.1 it is following to extract the technical process of mineral:
At first carry out acid or alkali and leach, in leaching process, nickel, cobalt, magnesium are all dissolved in nickel, the cobalt ore gets into leach liquor with the divalent ion state.Impurity iron, silicon-dioxide is insoluble or few dissolving, and stays in the leached mud, soaks initial gross separations such as making nickel, cobalt, magnesium and impurity iron, silicon through acid or alkali; With the purification of leaching liquor removal of impurities, make nickel, cobalt, magnesium separate pure leach liquor with impurity then; In scavenging solution, add vulcanizing agent; Make soluble nickel, cobalt vitriol change undissolved sulfide into and go into to precipitate solid phase, will precipitate solid phase and separate the back oven dry, obtain the nickel cobalt concentrate.Sal epsom not with the vulcanizing agent effect, still stay in the solution, through vulcanizing heavy nickel, cobalt; Nickel, cobalt are separated with magnesium, in nickel, cobalt mother liquor of precipitation of ammonium, add carbonate at last, make soluble sal epsom change insoluble magnesiumcarbonate into; Insoluble magnesiumcarbonate is separated the back oven dry, obtain magnesite.Accomplish the extraction of nickel, cobalt, magnesium in the test sample.
The test idiographic flow is seen Figure 13.
4.2 extract the mineral test ultimate principle.
4.2.1 leaching ultimate principle
H 2（Ni·Mg）SiO 4·H 2O+H 2SO 4=（Ni·Mg）SO 4+H 2SiO 3+H 2O
（Mg·Fe） 3[Si 2O 5]（OH） 4+3H 2SO 4=3（Mg·Fe）SO 4+2H 2SiO 3+3H 2O
4.2.2 the heavy nickel cobalt-based present principles of sulfuration
The ultimate principle of the heavy nickel of sulfuration, cobalt generates insoluble sulfide based on solvable nickel cobalt vitriol or hydrochloride and vulcanizing agent effect, goes into to precipitate solid phase, and main chemical reactions is:
NiSO 4+Na 2S=NiS+Na 2SO 4
NiCl 2+Na 2S=NiS+2NaCl
CoSO 4+Na 2S=CoS+Na 2SO 4
CoCl+Na 2S=CoS+2NaCl
4.2.3 the ultimate principle of the heavy magnesium of carbonization
The ultimate principle of the heavy magnesium of carbonization is according to magnesium vitriol and carbonate effect, generates insoluble magnesiumcarbonate, goes into to precipitate solid phase, and main chemical reactions is:
MgSO 4+Na 2CO 3=MgCO 3+Na 2SO 4
MgCl 2+Na 2CO 3=MgCO 3+2NaCl
4.3 test-results and analysis
4.3.1 concrete leaching condition and leaching test result and analysis in table 6 (percentage ratio is mass percent).
Figure 2012100088066100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
Can find out that from table 6 the acidleach leaching yield is higher than alkali soaks, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid leaching yield are higher than nitric acid.
4.3.2 the purification of leach liquor
The purification of leach liquor adopts oxidation neutralizing hydrolysis removal of impurities or jarosite process removal of impurities all can reach the removal of impurities requirement, but in slag in the nickel cobalt contents high than the jarosite slag, the nickel cobalt loses in slag than the jarosite process height.Adopt the removal of impurities of oxidation neutralizing hydrolysis method when iron content is low in the leach liquor, when iron content is higher in the leach liquor, adopt the jarosite process removal of impurities.
4.3.3 the heavy nickel cobalt of sulfuration
The heavy nickel cobalt of sulfuration at room temperature carries out in the weakly acidic solution, the chemical nickel cobalt concentrate of acquisition, and nickeliferous 8%～10% (quality percentage composition) contains cobalt 0.87%～0.96% (quality percentage composition).Can adjust nickel, cobalt grade in the chemical nickel cobalt ore through the heavy nickel of adjustment sulfuration, cobalt condition.After the 4th group of leach liquor leaches in the option table 6, vulcanize, the nickel cobalt contents is seen table 7 in the concrete nickel cobalt concentrate that vulcanizes heavy nickel cobalt condition and obtain.
Figure 2012100088066100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
4.3.4 magnesium is sunk in carbonization
The heavy magnesium of carbonization carries out in the weakly alkaline solution of heating, and the chemical magnesite of acquisition contains magnesium 41%～45%.The 4th group of leach liquor leaches in the option table 6, after second group of data vulcanized in the option table 7, carries out carbonization, and magnesium content is seen table 8 in heavy magnesium rod spare of concrete carbonization and the magnesite that obtains.
Table 8
Figure 2012100088066100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
Two, second kind of method of extracting mineral
Fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate claims that again fusion contains magnesium-phosphorus fertilizer, and it is a kind of phosphate radical (PO that contains 4 3-) the slight alkalinity fertilizer of sillico aluminate glass body, do not have tangible chemical formula, its staple is Ca 3(PO 4) 2With Ca 2SiO 4, it is a kind of single phosphate fertilizer of lower concentration, contains effective P 2O 512～20%, similar with general calcium.But it is strong to phosphorus ore flexibility, and in the product except that phosphorous, also contain various nutrient elements such as magnesium, potassium, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum, fertilizer efficiency is good, cost is low, is particularly suitable for a large amount of acid soil of China, the lean soil of sandy soil and magnesium deficiency.
The ultimate principle that fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate is produced comprises three primary processes, the furnace charge fusion, and the dry and grinding of melt shrend quenching, Water Quenching Slag, wherein preceding two is the key of producing.
The serpentine staple is that Magnesium Silicate q-agent contains crystal water, but chemical formula 3MgO2SiO 22H 2O; Sometimes contain small amounts of iron, its chemical formula can become 3 (MgFe) O 2SiO 22H 2O, and nickel metal 0.2%, peridotites (Mg 2SiO 4With Fe 2SiO 4Mixture).
This test sample contains Natural manganese dioxide, silicon-dioxide, and quicklime is than higher.Detrimental impurity three silicon oxide wherein, aluminum oxide, quicklime, lower, can satisfy the requirement of making the fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate fusing assistant.
If when fusing assistant was serpentine (or peridotites), then wherein nickel, cobalt were reduced
NiO+CO=Ni+CO 2 CoO+CO=Co+CO 2
The nickel that generates, the iron that cobalt is reduced and phosphorus form nickel, cobalt, phosphorus, iron and sink to furnace bottom, can regularly discharge to import to let its coagulation forming in the ferrophosphorus mould, can be used as the raw material of nickel metallurgy, cobalt, recycle.
General one ton of calcium, the magnesium-phosphorus fertilizer of generating can obtain ferronickel (nickeliferous 15～16%) 80kg approximately, and wherein cobalt also obtains reclaiming.
What should explain at last is: the above is merely the preferred embodiments of the present invention; Be not limited to the present invention; Although the present invention has been carried out detailed explanation with reference to previous embodiment; For a person skilled in the art, it still can be made amendment to the technical scheme that aforementioned each embodiment put down in writing, and perhaps part technical characterictic wherein is equal to replacement.All within spirit of the present invention and principle, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a method of from peridotites-serpentine ore, extracting mineral comprises peridotites-serpentine ore fragmentation, it is characterized in that: further comprising the steps of:
(1) peridotites-serpentine after the fragmentation is carried out acidleach or alkali earlier and soak, obtain leach liquor;
(2) after the purification of leaching liquor removal of impurities postcure that step (1) is obtained, deposition fully with precipitate and separate;
(3) add 30-50 ℃ carbonate solution in the mother liquor behind the precipitation separation of step (2) and make it deposition fully, precipitation separation is accomplished the extraction of nickel, cobalt, magnesium in peridotites-serpentine ore.
2. the method for from peridotites-serpentine ore, extracting mineral according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the acid of using in the said acidleach is strong acid.
3. the method for from peridotites-serpentine ore, extracting mineral according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: said strong acid is sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid.
4. the method for from peridotites-serpentine ore, extracting mineral according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the alkali that uses during said alkali soaks is highly basic.
5. the method for from peridotites-serpentine ore, extracting mineral according to claim 1 is characterized in that: adopt oxidation neutralizing hydrolysis impurity removal method purification and impurity removal when iron content is low in the leach liquor during said purification of leaching liquor.
6. the method for from peridotites-serpentine ore, extracting mineral according to claim 1 is characterized in that: adopt the jarosite process purification and impurity removal when iron content is higher in the leach liquor during said purification of leaching liquor.
7. the method for from peridotites-serpentine ore, extracting mineral according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the sulfurized concrete grammar is for putting into the leach liquor behind the purification and impurity removal weakly acidic solution of the sulfur compound under the room temperature condition in the step (2).
8. method of from peridotites-serpentine ore, extracting mineral; Comprise peridotites-serpentine ore broken; It is characterized in that: further comprising the steps of: the fusing assistant of the peridotites-serpentine after the fragmentation when producing fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate carried out the furnace charge fusion of raw material, accomplish the extraction of nickel, cobalt in peridotites-serpentine ore.
CN2012100088066A 2012-01-12 2012-01-12 Method for extracting minerals from olivine-serpentine ore Pending CN102517445A (en)

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CN103937974A (en) * 2014-04-25 2014-07-23 新疆世全黄金矿业股份有限公司 Process for extracting minerals from olivine-serpentine ore
CN104152686A (en) * 2014-07-18 2014-11-19 南阳东方应用化工研究所 Decomposition method for asbestos tailings
CN107389397A (en) * 2017-06-30 2017-11-24 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 A kind of preparation method of manganese metal chemical analysis sample
CN114524441A (en) * 2022-01-25 2022-05-24 中南大学 Treatment method of serpentine and asbestos tailings

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CN101058852A (en) * 2007-05-30 2007-10-24 中南大学 Multistage counter current acid leaching process containing nickel serpentine ore
CN101302584A (en) * 2008-07-08 2008-11-12 中南大学 Method for collecting nickel and cobalt from laterite-nickel ore lixivium by using sulfide precipitation
CN102115816A (en) * 2011-01-07 2011-07-06 东北大学 Comprehensive utilization method for laterite-nickel ore

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103937974A (en) * 2014-04-25 2014-07-23 新疆世全黄金矿业股份有限公司 Process for extracting minerals from olivine-serpentine ore
CN103937974B (en) * 2014-04-25 2016-01-20 新疆世全黄金矿业股份有限公司 A kind of technique extracting mineral from peridotites-serpentine ore
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CN104152686B (en) * 2014-07-18 2018-06-15 南阳东方应用化工研究所 A kind of decomposition method of asbestos tailings
CN107389397A (en) * 2017-06-30 2017-11-24 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 A kind of preparation method of manganese metal chemical analysis sample
CN114524441A (en) * 2022-01-25 2022-05-24 中南大学 Treatment method of serpentine and asbestos tailings

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Inventor after: Xu Yuanxing

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Application publication date: 20120627