CN102516120A - Preparation method of cyanohydrin - Google Patents
Preparation method of cyanohydrin Download PDFInfo
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- CN102516120A CN102516120A CN2011103322179A CN201110332217A CN102516120A CN 102516120 A CN102516120 A CN 102516120A CN 2011103322179 A CN2011103322179 A CN 2011103322179A CN 201110332217 A CN201110332217 A CN 201110332217A CN 102516120 A CN102516120 A CN 102516120A
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- sodium cyanide
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of cyanohydrin, which comprises the following steps: step 1, firstly dissolving a sodium cyanide solution with water in an ice bath of 0-5 DEG C and stirring for 30min; secondly, slowly adding butyraldehyde at a temperature of 0 plus or minus 5 DEG C for 2h, and holding and stirring for 20min after the completion of adding; and finally, slowly adding concentrated sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid, adjusting pH to 3-4 after adding, the temperature being less than 5 DEG C, and holding for 2-6h; and step 2: keeping stand, dividing into an oil layer and a water layer, the water layer being extracted with ethyl acetate, and then being neutralized to weak alkaline and discharged into a wastewater treatment system, and the oil layer being subjected to atmospheric distillationm, and being subjected to decompression distillation to obtain colorless transparent cyanohydrin after ethyl acetate is recycled. According to the method, sodium cyanide and aldehyde carbonyl are reacted under acidic conditions to obtain the cyanohydrin with high conversion rate and high purity. The preparation method has the advantages of simple process, simpleness in operation, low toxicity, and low emission of produced wastewater.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of compound, be specifically related to a kind of preparation method of cyanalcohol.
Technical background
Cyanalcohol can be used as the solvent of fibrous woven, refining of metal, in fuel oil, makes knock-compound, the ionogen of electrical condenser.The main application of cyanalcohol is to produce other Chemicals as the chemical reaction midbody.
Cyanalcohol is less to the selectivity of working condition, like reaction raw materials, solvent, temperature of reaction, rate of addition, soaking time etc. the transformation efficiency of cyanalcohol and purity is had than big-difference.Common method has prussic acid method and aldehyde ketone exchange process; The prussic acid method be the carbonyl of prussic acid aldehydes or ketones under the catalysis of acid or alkali with prussic acid generation nucleophilic addition; This reaction is thermopositive reaction, and general aldehyde is more active than reactive ketone, but prussic acid toxicity is bigger; Not easy to operate, introduce the reaction of positive propionic aldehyde and prussic acid among the publication number CN101139254A and obtained corresponding cyanalcohol; The aldehyde ketone exchange process is that the method through aldehyde and ketone exchange hydroxyl and carbonyl obtains cyanalcohol, and wherein the aldehyde cyanalcohol is more stable than ketone cyanalcohol.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to: a kind of preparation method of cyanalcohol is provided, and this preparing method's technology is simple, processing ease, and toxicity is little, and the factory effluent quantity discharged is few, and product purity is high.
Technical solution of the present invention is that this preparation method may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: at first water dissolves sodium cyanide and stirring 30min in 0～5 ℃ of ice bath; Secondly slowly drip butyraldehyde-n, drip and finish insulated and stirred 20min, drip time 2h, 0 ± 5 ℃ of dropping temperature; Slowly add the vitriol oil or hydrochloric acid then, drip off the back and regulate pH to 3-4, temperature is no more than 5 ℃ of insulation 2-6h; Wherein the mass ratio of sodium cyanide and water is 1:0.5; Wherein the mass ratio of sodium cyanide and butyraldehyde-n is 1:0.55; Wherein sodium cyanide is 1:0.5 with the mass ratio of acid;
Step 2: leave standstill, divide oil reservoir and water layer, water layer is used ethyl acetate extraction, is discharged into Waste Water Treatment after the weakly alkaline that neutralizes again, and underpressure distillation got the water white transparency cyanalcohol after ETHYLE ACETATE was reclaimed in the oil reservoir air distillation.
The present invention acts under acidic conditions with the carbonyl of sodium cyanide and aldehyde, makes high conversion, highly purified cyanalcohol, and technology is simple, processing ease, and toxicity is little, and the factory effluent quantity discharged is few.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of preparation cyanalcohol of the present invention.
Embodiment
Further specify technical solution of the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, these embodiment can not be interpreted as it is the restriction to technical scheme.
Embodiment 1:In 0 ℃ of ice bath, the 200g sodium cyanide is placed in the flask, add 100ml water and stir 30min; Drop to temperature-5 ℃, the butyraldehyde-n of 110g slowly is added drop-wise in the flask, after 2h dropwised butyraldehyde-n, a temperature kept-5 ℃ to stir 20min in the bottle; Drip concentrated hydrochloric acid 100g, drip off back adjust pH to 3,0 ℃ of insulation 6h; Leave standstill, divide oil-yielding stratum and water layer, water layer use ethyl acetate extraction, and water layer neutralizes and is discharged into Waste Water Treatment after the weakly alkaline, and underpressure distillation gets the water white transparency cyanalcohol behind the oil reservoir air distillation recovery ETHYLE ACETATE; Cyanalcohol 138g, yield 69.0%.
Embodiment 2:In 2 ℃ of ice baths, the 250g sodium cyanide is placed in the flask, add 125ml water and stir 30min; Drop to 0 ℃ to temperature, the butyraldehyde-n of 137.5g slowly is added drop-wise in the flask, after 2h dropwised butyraldehyde-n, a temperature kept 0 ℃ to stir 20min in the bottle; Drip vitriol oil 125g, drip off back adjust pH to 3.5,0 ℃ of insulation 4h; Leave standstill, divide oil-yielding stratum and water layer, water layer use ethyl acetate extraction, and water layer neutralizes and is discharged into Waste Water Treatment after the weakly alkaline, and underpressure distillation gets the water white transparency cyanalcohol behind the oil reservoir air distillation recovery ETHYLE ACETATE; Cyanalcohol 176g, yield 70.4%.
Embodiment 3:In 5 ℃ of ice baths, the 300g sodium cyanide is placed in the flask, add 150ml water and stir 30min; 5 ℃ of butyraldehyde-ns with 165g slowly are added drop-wise in the flask, and after 2h dropwised butyraldehyde-n, temperature kept 5 ℃ to stir 20min in the bottle; Drip concentrated hydrochloric acid 150g, drip off back adjust pH to 4,5 ℃ of insulation 2h; Leave standstill, divide oil-yielding stratum and water layer, water layer use ethyl acetate extraction, and water layer neutralizes and is discharged into Waste Water Treatment after the weakly alkaline, and underpressure distillation got the water white transparency cyanalcohol after the normal cyanalcohol of oil reservoir was pressed distillation recovery ETHYLE ACETATE; Cyanalcohol 210g, yield 70.0%.
Claims (1)
1. the preparation method of cyanalcohol is characterized in that this preparation method may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: at first water dissolves sodium cyanide and stirring 30min in 0～5 ℃ of ice bath; Secondly slowly drip butyraldehyde-n, drip and finish insulated and stirred 20min, drip time 2h, 0 ± 5 ℃ of dropping temperature; Slowly add the vitriol oil or hydrochloric acid then, drip off the back and regulate pH to 3-4, temperature is no more than 5 ℃ of insulation 2-6h; Wherein the mass ratio of sodium cyanide and water is 1:0.5; Wherein the mass ratio of sodium cyanide and butyraldehyde-n is 1:0.55; Wherein sodium cyanide is 1:0.5 with the mass ratio of acid;
Step 2: leave standstill, divide oil reservoir and water layer, water layer is used ethyl acetate extraction, is discharged into Waste Water Treatment after the weakly alkaline that neutralizes again, and underpressure distillation got the water white transparency cyanalcohol after ETHYLE ACETATE was reclaimed in the oil reservoir air distillation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011103322179A CN102516120A (en) | 2011-10-28 | 2011-10-28 | Preparation method of cyanohydrin |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011103322179A CN102516120A (en) | 2011-10-28 | 2011-10-28 | Preparation method of cyanohydrin |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102516120A true CN102516120A (en) | 2012-06-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2011103322179A Pending CN102516120A (en) | 2011-10-28 | 2011-10-28 | Preparation method of cyanohydrin |
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4156738A (en) * | 1977-10-07 | 1979-05-29 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Ureidonitriles useful as antihypertensives |
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2011
- 2011-10-28 CN CN2011103322179A patent/CN102516120A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4156738A (en) * | 1977-10-07 | 1979-05-29 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Ureidonitriles useful as antihypertensives |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 《Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1: Organic and Bio-Organic Chemistry (1972-1999) 》 19821231 John R. Anderson等 Metabolites of the higher fungi. Part 19. Serpenone, 3-methoxy-4-methyl-5-prop-1-enylfuran-2(5H)-one, a new gamma-butyrolactone from the fungus Hypoxylon serpens (Barrons strain) (Persoon ex Fries) Kickx 215-221 , 第1期 * |
| 《Synthetic Communications》 20091231 N.P.Chandia等 Synthesis of 5,5'-Dialkyl-6,6'-dichloro-2,2'-bipyridines 927-939 第39卷, 第5期 * |
| JOHN R. ANDERSON等: "Metabolites of the higher fungi. Part 19. Serpenone, 3-methoxy-4-methyl-5-prop-1-enylfuran-2(5H)-one, a new γ-butyrolactone from the fungus Hypoxylon serpens (Barrons strain) (Persoon ex Fries) Kickx", 《JOURNAL OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY, PERKIN TRANSACTIONS 1: ORGANIC AND BIO-ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (1972-1999) 》 * |
| N.P.CHANDIA等: "Synthesis of 5,5’-Dialkyl-6,6’-dichloro-2,2’-bipyridines", 《SYNTHETIC COMMUNICATIONS》 * |
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Application publication date: 20120627 |