CN102515426A - Anaerobic hydrolysis system for treating biorefractory waste water and anaerobic hydrolysis technology adopting the anaerobic hydrolysis system - Google Patents
Anaerobic hydrolysis system for treating biorefractory waste water and anaerobic hydrolysis technology adopting the anaerobic hydrolysis system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种处理难生化降解废水的厌氧水解系统及其工艺。厌氧水解塔、过水管、好氧装置、过水管、二沉装置顺次相连，厌氧水解塔中部设有厌氧水解催化剂填料，厌氧水解塔底部设有布水器，进水泵、阀门、布水器顺次相连，厌氧水解塔外设有混合液回流泵，好氧装置底部设有曝气系统，曝气系统与鼓风机相连，二沉装置底部出口经二沉区污泥回流泵通过污泥回流管与好氧装置底部相连，二沉装置上部设有出水管。本发明的难生化降解废水的厌氧水解装置的工艺，适用于一切难生化降解废水，如印染废水、医化废水、造纸废水、垃圾渗滤液废水、焦化废水等；既可用于新建污水处理工程的难生化降解废水的处理，也可用于已建工程的改造。
The invention discloses an anaerobic hydrolysis system and a process for treating waste water which is difficult to biochemically degrade. The anaerobic hydrolysis tower, water pipe, aerobic device, water pipe, and secondary sedimentation device are connected in sequence. Anaerobic hydrolysis catalyst packing is installed in the middle of the anaerobic hydrolysis tower, and a water distributor, water inlet pump, and valve are installed at the bottom of the anaerobic hydrolysis tower. , water distributors are connected in sequence, a mixed liquid return pump is installed outside the anaerobic hydrolysis tower, an aeration system is installed at the bottom of the aerobic device, and the aeration system is connected to the blower, and the outlet at the bottom of the secondary sedimentation device passes through the sludge return pump in the secondary sedimentation area The sludge return pipe is connected to the bottom of the aerobic device, and the upper part of the secondary settling device is provided with an outlet pipe. The process of the anaerobic hydrolysis device for refractory biochemically degradable wastewater of the present invention is applicable to all refractory biochemically degradable wastewater, such as printing and dyeing wastewater, medical wastewater, papermaking wastewater, landfill leachate wastewater, coking wastewater, etc.; it can be used for new sewage treatment projects It can also be used for the treatment of refractory biodegradable wastewater, and can also be used for the transformation of existing projects.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及环境工程技术领域，尤其涉及一种处理难生化降解废水的厌氧水解系统及其工艺。 The invention relates to the technical field of environmental engineering, in particular to an anaerobic hydrolysis system and a process for treating refractory biochemically degradable wastewater.
背景技术 Background technique
随着城市进程的加快推进，工业企业的大量发展，另外，国家和企业对环境保护的越来越重视，清洁生产的同步实施，国家污染减排政策的实施，使得一些工业企业重视清洁生产，减少废水量的产生，使得废水的浓度增加，废水处理的难度也相应增加。这些高浓度、难生化降解的有机污染物进入水体后，能长时间残留在水体中，具有较强的毒性和致癌、致突变作用，并通过食物链积累、富集，最终进入动物或人体内产生毒性。高浓度、难生化降解的有毒有害工业废水，采用现有的传统处理法难以达标，必须开发出具有针对性的、可靠的新型处理技术。随着国家环境保护法规的日益严格，国家和地方政府将会对企业外排污水排放标准提出更高的要求。而目前工业企业外排水普遍具有低COD(100mg/L 左右)、低B/C 值、难生化处理的特点，这就要求开发出高效、低成本的污水深度处理技术，以适应日益严格的环保要求。 With the acceleration of the urban process and the massive development of industrial enterprises, in addition, the state and enterprises are paying more and more attention to environmental protection, the simultaneous implementation of cleaner production, and the implementation of national pollution reduction policies have made some industrial enterprises attach importance to cleaner production. Reducing the amount of wastewater generated increases the concentration of wastewater and increases the difficulty of wastewater treatment accordingly. After entering the water body, these high-concentration, biodegradable organic pollutants can remain in the water body for a long time, have strong toxicity, carcinogenic, and mutagenic effects, and accumulate and enrich through the food chain, and finally enter animals or humans. toxicity. High-concentration, toxic and harmful industrial wastewater that is difficult to degrade biochemically is difficult to meet the standard with existing traditional treatment methods, and it is necessary to develop targeted and reliable new treatment technologies. With the increasingly stringent national environmental protection laws and regulations, the national and local governments will put forward higher requirements on the discharge standards of sewage discharged by enterprises. At present, the external drainage of industrial enterprises generally has the characteristics of low COD (about 100mg/L), low B/C value, and difficult biochemical treatment. This requires the development of efficient and low-cost advanced sewage treatment technology to adapt to increasingly stringent environmental protection. Require.
厌氧水解工艺是通过控制酸化过程,利用污泥中的厌氧微生物,可以将废水中非溶态或难降解的大分子有机物转化为溶态易降解的小分子有机物,显著提高废水的可生化性, 因此越来越多地应用于各种难降解废水的预处理中, 并且具有剩余污泥产量少、能耗低、操作简单、效果稳定等优点。通过长期的实践研究表明, 影响水解酸化处理效率的主要因素是: 进水布水的均匀性以及泥水混合的充分性。所以，提高厌氧水解技术的关键是处理好这两种主要因素。为此，科学家对水解酸化的形式研究出了多种不同的形式来弥补以上不足。水解酸化的布置形式可分为：升流式、推流式和折流式。各种反应方式各具特点也各有缺点。目前开发一种处理难生化降解废水的厌氧水解装置仍是环保领域的一个热点。 The anaerobic hydrolysis process is to control the acidification process and use the anaerobic microorganisms in the sludge to convert the insoluble or refractory macromolecular organic matter in the wastewater into the soluble and easily degradable small molecular organic matter, which significantly improves the biodegradability of the wastewater. Therefore, it is more and more used in the pretreatment of various refractory wastewater, and has the advantages of less residual sludge output, low energy consumption, simple operation, and stable effect. Long-term practical research shows that the main factors affecting the efficiency of hydrolytic acidification treatment are: the uniformity of influent water distribution and the adequacy of mud-water mixing. Therefore, the key to improving anaerobic hydrolysis technology is to deal with these two main factors. For this reason, scientists have researched a variety of different forms of hydrolysis and acidification to make up for the above deficiencies. The layout of hydrolytic acidification can be divided into: upflow type, push flow type and baffle type. Each reaction mode has its own characteristics and disadvantages. At present, the development of an anaerobic hydrolysis device for treating refractory biodegradable wastewater is still a hot spot in the field of environmental protection.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是克服现有技术的不足，提供一种处理难生化降解废水的厌氧水解系统及其工艺。 The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and provide an anaerobic hydrolysis system and its process for treating refractory biochemically degradable wastewater.
处理难生化降解废水的厌氧水解系统包括进水泵、阀门、布水器、厌氧水解催化剂填料、厌氧水解塔、过水管、鼓风机、好氧装置、曝气系统、过水管、二沉装置、二沉区污泥回流泵、污泥回流管、出水管和混合液回流泵；厌氧水解塔、过水管、好氧装置、过水管、二沉装置顺次相连，厌氧水解塔中部设有厌氧水解催化剂填料，厌氧水解塔底部设有布水器，进水泵、阀门、布水器顺次相连，厌氧水解塔外设有混合液回流泵，好氧装置底部设有曝气系统，曝气系统与鼓风机相连，二沉装置底部出口经二沉区污泥回流泵通过污泥回流管与好氧装置底部相连，二沉装置上部设有出水管。 The anaerobic hydrolysis system for treating refractory biodegradable wastewater includes water inlet pumps, valves, water distributors, anaerobic hydrolysis catalyst packing, anaerobic hydrolysis towers, water pipes, blowers, aerobic devices, aeration systems, water pipes, and secondary sedimentation devices , sludge return pump in secondary settling area, sludge return pipe, outlet pipe and mixed liquid return pump; anaerobic hydrolysis tower, water pipe, aerobic device, water pipe, and secondary sedimentation There is an anaerobic hydrolysis catalyst packing, a water distributor is installed at the bottom of the anaerobic hydrolysis tower, and the water inlet pump, valve, and water distributor are connected in sequence. system, the aeration system is connected to the blower, the outlet at the bottom of the secondary settling device is connected to the bottom of the aerobic device through the sludge return pump in the secondary settling area, and the upper part of the secondary settling device is provided with an outlet pipe.
处理难生化降解废水的厌氧水解工艺是：难生化降解废水通过进水泵经阀门布水器进入厌氧水解塔，难生化降解废水通过厌氧水解塔内的厌氧水解催化剂填料，停留12～24小时后通过过水管进入好氧装置，同步进入的还有经二沉装置二沉区污泥回流泵经污泥回流管回流过来的污泥，好氧装置内设曝气系统，使污水污泥充分混合，对难生化降解废水进行充分的好氧反应；对难生化降解废水，厌氧水解主要是提高废水的可生化性，降低污水的浓度，减轻后续好氧负荷；好氧装置中的混合液通过鼓风机及曝气系统充入空气，空气中的氧被难生化降解废水中的好氧微生物吸收，微生物在生长过程中同时降解混合液中的有机污染物；难生化降解废水经好氧装置、过水管流入二沉装置，经泥水分离后，上清液外排，二沉装置污泥通过二沉区污泥回流泵经污泥回流管回流至好氧装置底部，剩余污泥去污泥处理系统；同时经过12～24小时厌氧水解塔的混合液通过混合液回流泵回流至厌氧水解塔进水区域。 The anaerobic hydrolysis process for treating refractory wastewater is: the refractory wastewater enters the anaerobic hydrolysis tower through the inlet pump through the valve water distributor, and the refractory wastewater passes through the anaerobic hydrolysis catalyst packing in the anaerobic hydrolysis tower, and stays for 12~ After 24 hours, it enters the aerobic device through the water pipe, and simultaneously enters the sludge returned by the sludge return pump in the secondary sedimentation area of the secondary sedimentation device through the sludge return pipe. The aerobic device is equipped with an aeration system to make the sewage sewage The mud is fully mixed, and the aerobic reaction is fully performed on the refractory biodegradable wastewater; for the refractory biodegradable wastewater, anaerobic hydrolysis is mainly to improve the biodegradability of the wastewater, reduce the concentration of the sewage, and reduce the subsequent aerobic load; in the aerobic device The mixed liquid is filled with air through the blower and aeration system, and the oxygen in the air is absorbed by the aerobic microorganisms in the refractory biodegradable wastewater, and the microorganisms simultaneously degrade the organic pollutants in the mixed liquid during the growth process; The device and the water pipe flow into the secondary sedimentation device. After the mud and water are separated, the supernatant is discharged, and the sludge of the secondary sedimentation device is returned to the bottom of the aerobic device through the sludge return pump in the secondary sedimentation area through the sludge return pipe, and the remaining sludge is decontaminated. Sludge treatment system; at the same time, after 12 to 24 hours, the mixed solution in the anaerobic hydrolysis tower is returned to the water inlet area of the anaerobic hydrolysis tower through the mixed solution reflux pump.
所述的厌氧水解催化剂填料是以氧化铝、沸石、活性炭催化剂为载体，通过浸泡、负载、烧结过程负载Cu、Cs、Mn、Fe、Ni、Zn金属元素，以达到促进厌氧水解提高废水可生化性与脱色的目的。 The anaerobic hydrolysis catalyst filler is based on alumina, zeolite, and activated carbon catalysts, and is loaded with Cu, Cs, Mn, Fe, Ni, and Zn metal elements through soaking, loading, and sintering processes to promote anaerobic hydrolysis and improve waste water. Biodegradability and depigmentation purposes.
所述的难生化降解废水为印染废水、医化废水、造纸废水、垃圾渗滤液废水、焦化废水。 The refractory biodegradable wastewater includes printing and dyeing wastewater, medical wastewater, papermaking wastewater, landfill leachate wastewater, and coking wastewater.
本发明与现有技术相比具有的有益效果是： The beneficial effect that the present invention has compared with prior art is:
1）本工艺中的水解装置结构简洁紧凑，布水均匀，操作运行管理方便。 1) The hydrolysis device in this process has a simple and compact structure, uniform water distribution, and convenient operation and management.
2）本工艺中的水解酸化工段能充分提高难生化降解废水的可生化性，使后续好氧工段能更好发挥作用。 2) The hydrolysis and acidification section in this process can fully improve the biodegradability of refractory biodegradable wastewater, so that the subsequent aerobic section can play a better role.
3）本工艺中的水解酸化工段中通过加载经过活化过的催化剂，更能提高难生化降解废水的可生化性。 3) The biodegradability of refractory biodegradable wastewater can be improved by loading the activated catalyst in the hydrolysis and acidification section of this process.
4）本工艺既可用于新建污水处理工程，也可用于已建工程的改造。 4) This process can be used not only in new sewage treatment projects, but also in the renovation of existing projects.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是处理难生化降解废水的厌氧水解系统结构示意图； Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an anaerobic hydrolysis system for treating refractory biodegradable wastewater;
图2是本发明的布水器的平面布置图。 Fig. 2 is a plane layout view of the water distributor of the present invention.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
如图1所示，处理难生化降解废水的厌氧水解系统包括进水泵1、阀门2、布水器3、厌氧水解催化剂填料4、厌氧水解塔5、过水管6、鼓风机7、好氧装置8、曝气系统9、过水管10、二沉装置11、二沉区污泥回流泵12、污泥回流管13、出水管14和混合液回流泵15；厌氧水解塔5、过水管6、好氧装置8、过水管10、二沉装置11顺次相连，厌氧水解塔5中部设有厌氧水解催化剂填料4，厌氧水解塔5底部设有布水器3，进水泵1、阀门2、布水器3顺次相连，厌氧水解塔5外设有混合液回流泵15，好氧装置8底部设有曝气系统9，曝气系统9与鼓风机7相连，二沉装置11底部出口经二沉区污泥回流泵12通过污泥回流管13与好氧装置8底部相连，二沉装置11上部设有出水管14。
As shown in Figure 1, the anaerobic hydrolysis system for treating refractory biochemically degradable wastewater includes a water inlet pump 1, a valve 2, a
处理难生化降解废水的厌氧水解工艺是：难生化降解废水通过进水泵1经阀门2布水器3进入厌氧水解塔5，难生化降解废水通过厌氧水解塔5内的厌氧水解催化剂填料4，停留12～24小时后通过过水管6进入好氧装置8，同步进入的还有经二沉装置9二沉区污泥回流泵12经污泥回流管11回流过来的污泥，好氧装置8内设曝气系统9，使污水污泥充分混合，对难生化降解废水进行充分的好氧反应；对难生化降解废水，厌氧水解主要是提高废水的可生化性，降低污水的浓度，减轻后续好氧负荷；好氧装置8中的混合液通过鼓风机7及曝气系统9充入空气，空气中的氧被难生化降解废水中的好氧微生物吸收，微生物在生长过程中同时降解混合液中的有机污染物；难生化降解废水经好氧装置8、过水管10流入二沉装置11，经泥水分离后，上清液外排，二沉装置污泥通过二沉区污泥回流泵12经污泥回流管11回流至好氧装置8底部，剩余污泥去污泥处理系统；同时经过12～24小时厌氧水解塔5的混合液通过混合液回流泵15回流至厌氧水解塔5进水区域。
The anaerobic hydrolysis process for treating refractory biodegradable wastewater is: the refractory biodegradable wastewater enters the anaerobic hydrolysis tower 5 through the inlet pump 1 through the valve 2
所述的厌氧水解催化剂填料4是以氧化铝、沸石、活性炭催化剂为载体，通过浸泡、负载、烧结过程负载Cu、Cs、Mn、Fe、Ni、Zn金属元素，以达到促进厌氧水解提高废水可生化性与脱色的目的。 The described anaerobic hydrolysis catalyst filler 4 is based on alumina, zeolite, and activated carbon catalyst as a carrier, and supports Cu, Cs, Mn, Fe, Ni, Zn metal elements through soaking, loading, and sintering processes, so as to promote the improvement of anaerobic hydrolysis. Wastewater biodegradability and decolorization purposes.
所述的难生化降解废水为印染废水、医化废水、造纸废水、垃圾渗滤液废水、焦化废水等难降解废水。 The refractory biodegradable wastewater is printing and dyeing wastewater, medical wastewater, papermaking wastewater, landfill leachate wastewater, coking wastewater and other refractory wastewater.
实施例1 Example 1
进入工艺的废水为合成制药类工业污水，污水水质为pH：6～8，CODcr:4000～7000mg/l，NH3-N:45～90mg/l,TP：2～6mg/l，色度：256倍，水温为常温，水量为500m3/d，经过物化、生化处理后，CODcr:200～400mg/l;为达到COD<100mg/l的指标，增加污水处理工艺为厌氧水解+O池+二沉，出水基本达到处理要求：CODcr:<100mg/l。 The wastewater entering the process is synthetic pharmaceutical industrial wastewater. The wastewater quality is pH: 6~8, CODcr: 4000~7000mg/l, NH 3 -N: 45~90mg/l, TP: 2~6mg/l, chromaticity: 256 times, the water temperature is normal temperature, and the water volume is 500m 3 /d. After physical, chemical and biochemical treatment, CODcr: 200~400mg/l; in order to achieve the index of COD<100mg/l, the sewage treatment process is increased to anaerobic hydrolysis + O pool +Secondary sedimentation, the effluent basically meets the treatment requirements: CODcr:<100mg/l.
实施例2 Example 2
进入工艺的废水为已经经过生化处理的垃圾渗滤液，CODcr: 500～800mg/l,氨氮：200～300mg/l，色度：128倍。污水采用厌氧水解+O池+二沉工艺处理，厌氧水解停留24h,好氧区停留时间为18h；出水达到处理要求：CODcr＜100 mg/l，氨氮＜15mg/l，色度＜32倍。 The wastewater entering the process is landfill leachate that has been biochemically treated, CODcr: 500-800mg/l, ammonia nitrogen: 200-300mg/l, chroma: 128 times. Sewage is treated by anaerobic hydrolysis + O tank + secondary sedimentation process, the anaerobic hydrolysis stays for 24 hours, and the aerobic zone stays for 18 hours; the effluent meets the treatment requirements: CODcr<100 mg/l, ammonia nitrogen<15mg/l, chroma<32 times.
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