CN102510068B - Distributed power quality conditioner and method for controlling same - Google Patents
Distributed power quality conditioner and method for controlling same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a distributed power quality conditioner and a method for controlling the same. The distributed power quality conditioner comprises one or more series compensation devices and parallel compensation devices, wherein each of the series compensation devices and the parallel compensation devices comprises a central controller; the series compensation devices and the parallel compensation devices do not share a direct current bus; and when the series compensation devices and the parallel compensation devices are used together, a management center is configured for acquiring the voltage of an electric network and load current information to determine the failure type of the electric network, and coordinately operating all series compensation devices and all parallel compensation devices.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electric energy regulator, particularly a kind of dispersed electric energy quality adjustor and control method thereof based on tandem type compensation arrangement and parallel connection type compensation arrangement.
Background technology
Along with the continuous increase of nonlinear-load, impact load in electric power system, the especially extensive use of Technics of Power Electronic Conversion device, the harmonic distortion of electrical network is more and more serious.Also often there is the harmonious wave interference phenomenon of three-phase imbalance in line voltage simultaneously.On the other hand, universal along with the accurate device that the quality of power supply is had relatively high expectations (as computer) of various complexity, people have proposed more and more higher requirement to the quality of power supply, and quality of power supply device and control technology become current hot issue.
As shown in Figure 1, tradition Research on Unified Power Quality Conditioner (Unified Power Quality Conditioner, UPQC) as a kind of flexible distribution technique, parallel connection type compensation arrangement based on parallel-current compensation principle and a tandem type compensation arrangement based on series voltage compensation principle are combined in an apparatus system, adopt a central controller, for distribution system, asymmetric and harmonic wave that can compensating non-linear load, also asymmetric and harmonic wave that can offset supply voltage, can either provide high-quality supply of electric power for load side, also can reduce the pollution of load to regional power grid, make user avoid the impact of unbalanced source voltage and amplitude fluctuations, can solve most of power quality problem, there is comprehensive quality of power supply regulatory function.
But also there are some restrictions in traditional UPQC.Consider from quality of power supply differentiated control angle: because traditional UPQC is installed on power distribution network conventionally near point of common coupling (Point of Common Coupling, PCC) on ac bus before, simultaneously provide high-quality electric energy to all terminal uses after the point of common coupling of power distribution network, therefore, it does not have the ability that the different quality qualities of power supply are provided to different user (or sensitive load) simultaneously.From the viewpoint of facility flexibility, UPQC installation site traditional in power distribution network is relatively fixing, and the obtained actual benefit of capacity optimization and configuration optimization is limited; Consider from investment economy aspect: power distribution network, all users are for obtaining the quality of power supply of required certain grade, and the cost of investment that traditional UPQC is installed is relatively high.
Therefore, studying a kind of new solution is that all terminal uses improve the quality of power supply, and has larger Practical significance and market popularization value for those need the user of high-quality electric energy to reduce power cost.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome existing traditional Research on Unified Power Quality Conditioner cost higher, control complicated, installation site and the shortcoming such as capacity configuration is dumb, be based on the problem such as differentiated control and the design of quality power garden of the different qualities of power supply under intelligent grid background, a kind of dispersed electric energy quality adjustor is provided, the present invention can reduce system cost, administer multiple power quality problem in power distribution network, configure flexibility and reliability more.
Dispersed electric energy quality adjustor of the present invention is made up of one or more tandem type compensation arrangements and parallel connection type compensation arrangement.Each described tandem type compensation arrangement and parallel connection type compensation arrangement all contain central controller.Central controller is mainly realized data sampling, data operation, is sent the functions such as compensating instruction.The dispersed electric energy quality adjustor of the present invention of multiple tandem type compensation arrangements and parallel connection type compensation arrangement composition is furnished with administrative center, and administrative center manages each tandem type compensation arrangement and parallel connection type compensation arrangement according to electric network fault type.
Described tandem type compensation arrangement is arranged on the front end of the sensitive load to voltage-sensitive in electrical network or point of common coupling feeder line, for sensitive load or whole piece feeder line provide higher quality of voltage.
Tandem type compensation arrangement can be single-phase, phase three-wire three, three-phase and four-line or three-phase four-arm structure.
Tandem type compensation arrangement comprises DC terminal configuration energy-storage units and does not configure two kinds of versions of energy-storage units.Do not obtain from the voltage commutation of grid side or load-side containing the required energy of the tandem type compensation arrangement of energy-storage units, the tandem type compensation arrangement that contains energy-storage units can carry out energy storage as energy source by configuration big capacity electrolyte capacitor device or ultracapacitor.
In the tandem type compensation arrangement of DC terminal configuration energy-storage units, energy-storage units directly hangs on the DC bus of tandem type compensation arrangement conventionally.
Described tandem type compensation arrangement comprises direct hanging type and is connected two kinds by isolating transformer with the connected mode of electrical network.
According to application and capacity limit in low pressure, the different occasions of medium-pressure or high pressure, described tandem type compensation arrangement comprises single inversion unit modular structure and many inversion units of cascade modular structure, single inversion unit modular structure is generally the IGBT combination of two brachium pontis to four brachium pontis, and many inversion units of cascade modular structure is combined by several single inversion unit modules conventionally.The control mode of tandem type compensation arrangement is also divided into two level modes and many level mode, the control strategy of tandem type compensation arrangement is also divided into open loop control and closed-loop control.
Tandem type compensation arrangement can be uninterrupted power supply (Uninterruptable Power Supply, UPS), dynamic electric voltage recovery device (Dynamic Voltage Restorer, DVR), Active Power Filter-APF (Active Power Filter, APF) etc., when for dynamic electric voltage recovery device, compensation policy can be full remuneration, same-phase compensation or least energy compensation.Tandem type compensation arrangement, except having basic processing voltage swells and voltage dip function, also has harmonic wave control, and other functions such as voltage fluctuation improvement can also provide reactive power support except meritorious support is provided.
Described parallel connection type compensation arrangement is arranged in electrical network near before feeder terminal impact and non-linear sensitive load or point of common coupling, to can keep good current waveform before load or before point of common coupling, and does not affect other sensitive load.
Described parallel connection type compensation arrangement topological structure can be single-phase, phase three-wire three, three-phase and four-line or three-phase four-arm structure.
Described parallel connection type compensation arrangement comprises DC terminal configuration energy-storage units and does not configure two kinds of versions of energy-storage units.Do not obtain from the voltage commutation of grid side or load-side containing the required energy of the parallel connection type compensation arrangement of energy-storage units.Contain the parallel connection type compensation arrangement of energy-storage units except providing reactive power support, also can provide part meritorious support.
In the parallel connection type compensation arrangement of DC terminal configuration energy-storage units, energy-storage units directly hangs on the DC bus of parallel connection type compensation arrangement conventionally.
Described parallel connection type compensation arrangement comprises direct hanging type and is connected two kinds of modes by isolating transformer with the connected mode of electrical network.
According to application and capacity limit in low pressure, the different occasions of medium-pressure or high pressure, described parallel connection type compensation arrangement comprises single inversion unit modular structure and many inversion units of cascade modular structure, control mode is also divided into two level modes and many level mode, and control strategy is also divided into that PI controls, PI controls the control of parallel resonance controller, PI controls repetitive controller in parallel, dead beat control, synovial membrane become structure control, ANN Control and fuzzy control etc.
Parallel connection type compensation arrangement can be Active Power Filter-APF, Distribution Network Static Reactive Compensator (Distribution Static Compensator, DSTATCOM) etc., parallel connection type compensation arrangement, except having harmonic wave control function, also has idle abatement functions.
Each tandem type compensation arrangement and each parallel connection type compensation arrangement all contain at least one central controller, and except realizing self local runtime control, central controller also contains communication unit.Central controller acquisition system information, the power quality problem solving as required, sends corresponding control command, realizes total tune control.
The control method of described tandem type compensation arrangement and parallel connection type compensation arrangement is adopted to centralized control or decentralized control, when centralized control, administrative center is according to the action of tandem type compensation arrangement and parallel connection type device in distribution network system power quality event type execution dispersed electric energy quality adjustor, when decentralized control, each series and parallel device is carried out compensating movement according to power quality event type oneself judgement self, adopts the compensation multivariable method for designing that is mutually related to realize coordinated operation between series and parallel device by communication at a slow speed.
In the time containing multiple tandem type compensation arrangements and parallel connection type compensation arrangement in electrical network, can configuration management center, administrative center adopts centralized control, judges electric network fault type, each tandem type compensation arrangement of coordinated operation and parallel connection type compensation arrangement by gathering line voltage and load current information.In the time containing less number tandem type compensation arrangement and parallel connection type compensation arrangement in electrical network, do not need configuration management center, can adopt decentralized control.Each series and parallel device judges power quality event type according to the sampled data oneself of oneself, then carry out corresponding compensating movement according to fault type, between series and parallel device, adopt the compensation multivariable method for designing that is mutually related to coordinate operation each other by communication at a slow speed.
In dispersed electric energy quality adjustor of the present invention, tandem type compensation arrangement and parallel connection type compensation arrangement are not established common DC bus link, so the control of dispersed electric energy quality adjustor is different from the control method of traditional electric energy regulator.Dispersed electric energy quality adjustor does not need the DC bus coupled problem of considering that traditional electric energy regulator causes due to general DC busbar, but needs to consider based on the coordination control strategy of communication at a slow speed.Dispersed electric energy quality adjustor of the present invention is except providing all functions of traditional Research on Unified Power Quality Conditioner, also there are some new functions: can classification improve distribution network electric energy quality, also can realize the generally raising of the quality of power supply, reduce the common Power Disturbance all users being caused by electric power system simultaneously.Even when electric power system is interrupted in addition, also can continue, to some important sensitive load power supply, to realize sensitive load short term outage is supported by parallel connection type compensation arrangement of the present invention; And can with by the unit multiplexed combining inverter of distributed power generation of grid-connected inverters.Therefore, the present invention can improve the quality of power supply for all terminal uses, and reduces power cost for those need the user of high-quality electric energy.
Dispersed electric energy quality adjustor of the present invention has very large advantage: first, tandem type compensation arrangement and not common DC bus of parallel connection type compensation arrangement, can be according to the suitable tandem type compensation arrangement of the distribution design of load in power distribution network and parallel connection type compensation arrangement, therefore, make to reduce power system capacity and installation cost becomes possibility; The second, do not need to consider Research on Unified Power Quality Conditioner tandem type compensation arrangement that general DC busbar electric capacity causes and the coupled problem of parallel connection type compensation arrangement, reduce system control difficulty; The 3rd, the capacity of tandem type compensation arrangement and parallel connection type compensation arrangement and the riding position in power distribution network in flexible configuration electric energy regulator more; The 4th, the quality of power supply of different qualities can be provided for sensitive load or common load; The 5th, can effectively improve power factor of electric network, and keep load voltage and power network current to there is the higher quality of power supply.
In dispersed electric energy quality adjustor of the present invention, there is following several mode tandem type compensation arrangement and parallel connection type compensation arrangement installation site:
A) before described tandem type compensation arrangement is arranged on point of common coupling, ensure the quality of voltage supply after whole point of common coupling feeder line, solve the problems such as voltage dip after point of common coupling feeder line, voltage swells, voltage flicker, voltage fluctuation.The capacity of described tandem type compensation arrangement and whether need energy-storage units to be determined by point of common coupling rear end sensitive load type and capacity.Described parallel connection type compensation arrangement is installed in parallel the non-linear sensitive load front end after point of common coupling, it is standard sine that the harmonic wave producing by counteracting nonlinear load is realized non-linear sensitive load front end current on line side, can ensure that point of common coupling current quality meets national standard.
B) before described parallel connection type compensation arrangement is arranged on point of common coupling, before guarantee point of common coupling, current on line side waveform is sinusoidal, parallel connection type compensation arrangement can play the effect of idle adjusting simultaneously, by injecting reactive power to electrical network, regulate on the one hand point of common coupling grid power factor before, also can play on the other hand the effect that improves voltage dip.Described tandem type compensation arrangement is connected on the front end of certain sensitive load branch road after point of common coupling, ensures the supply of sensitive load voltage, if there are multiple sensitive loads, multiple tandem type compensation arrangements can be installed in series.These tandem type compensation arrangements, except solving the power quality problems such as voltage dip, voltage swells, can also solve other power quality problems such as voltage harmonic.
C) described tandem type compensation arrangement and parallel connection type compensation arrangement is arranged on same feeder line branch road, tandem type compensation arrangement before parallel connection type compensation arrangement or parallel connection type compensation arrangement before tandem type compensation arrangement, all can, the riding position of similar traditional Research on Unified Power Quality Conditioner, but compare traditional Research on Unified Power Quality Conditioner, the tandem type compensation arrangement of common DC bus and parallel connection type compensation arrangement self Capacity design and control can be more not flexible, and it is also more flexible whether tandem type compensation arrangement configures energy storage and configure how many energy storage.
D) in a power distribution network according to many tandem type compensation arrangements of sensitive load type configuration and parallel connection type compensation arrangement, a parallel connection type compensation arrangement is positioned over to point of common coupling front end, play the effect of idle adjusting, whole distribution network system entirety is carried out to harmonic compensation, also contain the effect of reactive power compensation simultaneously.Each branch road after point of common coupling, according to the type configuration tandem type compensation arrangement of sensitive load or parallel connection type compensation arrangement, contain non-linear and impact sensitive load branch road and configure the parallel connection type compensation arrangement that contains energy-storage units, to the sensitive load configuration tandem type compensation arrangement of voltage-sensitive, to requiring the sensitive load branch road that voltage can not be interrupted to configure the parallel connection type compensation arrangement containing solid-state switch, in the time of public electric wire net power-off, can utilize solid-state switch switching, utilize the energy storage of parallel connection type compensation arrangement front end for sensitive load operation completely.In dispersed electric energy quality adjustor of the present invention, all tandem type compensation arrangements and parallel connection type compensation arrangement contain communication unit, by administrative center to each series and parallel type compensation arrangement coordinated operation.
Dispersed electric energy quality adjustor of the present invention has following functions:
Dispersed electric energy quality adjustor of the present invention decapacitation compensate fast in supply power voltage rise sharply or fall temporarily, outside short time voltage when the imbalance of fluctuation and flickering, harmonic current and voltage, each phase voltage and fault interrupts, can also classification improve distribution network electric energy quality, also can realize the generally raising of the quality of power supply, reduce the common Power Disturbance all users being caused by electric power system simultaneously.Even when electric power system is interrupted in addition, also can continue, to some important sensitive load power supply, to realize sensitive load short term outage is supported by its unit in parallel; And can with by the unit multiplexed combining inverter of distributed power generation of grid-connected inverters.
Control method and the mode of distributing rationally to dispersed electric energy quality adjustor of the present invention are described as follows:
A) many tandem type compensation arrangements and parallel connection type compensation arrangement coordination control strategy
In dispersed electric energy quality adjustor of the present invention, the flexibility that coordinated operation can improve system that cooperatively interacts of tandem type compensation arrangement and parallel connection type compensation arrangement, brings into play the maximum compensation ability of each tandem type compensation arrangement and parallel connection type compensation arrangement.Between tandem type compensation arrangement and parallel connection type compensation arrangement, adopt the tandem type compensation arrangement based on weak communication (or being called communication at a slow speed) and parallel connection type compensation coordinated operation strategy reliably.Parallel connection type compensation arrangement gathers current on line side signal, sends to the central controller of tandem type compensation arrangement by communication at a slow speed, and tandem type compensation arrangement gathers load side voltage signal and send to by communication at a slow speed the central controller of parallel connection type compensation arrangement.In the time that point of common coupling voltage occurs to fall temporarily, many benefits amount that the voltage compensation quantity of tandem type compensation arrangement comprises drop-off voltage value and parallel connection type compensation arrangement, parallel connection type compensation arrangement also comprises the many benefits amount producing due to tandem type compensation arrangement simultaneously, just can realize the coordinated operation between tandem type compensation arrangement and parallel connection type compensation arrangement by coordinating mutual many benefits amount between tandem type compensation arrangement and parallel connection type compensation arrangement, the method is called and compensates the multivariable method for designing that is mutually related.
B) tandem type compensation arrangement and parallel connection type compensation arrangement capacity and on-position Optimal Configuration Method
In the time containing multiple tandem type compensation arrangements and parallel connection type compensation arrangement in dispersed electric energy quality adjustor, in the power distribution network mode of connection, after topological structure and part throttle characteristics are determined, for integral load characteristic and local part throttle characteristics, as electrolytic aluminium factory, the nonlinear-loads such as steel rolling mill, consider minimum compensation capacity, the optimal compensation performance, multiple constraints such as minimum cost of investment, distribute dispersed electric energy quality adjustor of the present invention rationally, comprise tandem type compensation arrangement and the on-position of parallel connection type compensation arrangement in power distribution network, the selection of capacity and type etc.For one or more exemplary power quality problems such as power distribution network typical case tree topology structure and voltage dip, voltage swells, voltage flicker, current harmonicss, design tandem type compensation arrangement and parallel connection type compensation arrangement compound mode in dispersed electric energy quality adjustor of the present invention.In the time containing multiple sensitive loads in power distribution network multiple Serial-Parallel Type compensation arrangement need to be installed, can adopt genetic algorithm or population optimizing algorithm to carry out computing to multiple node locations of power distribution network, taking economy optimum or operational efficiency optimum as constraints, obtain the optimum on-position of each series and parallel device and minimum installed capacity by optimized algorithm, solve in power distribution network the problems such as current harmonics, voltage harmonic, voltage swells, voltage dip.
The present invention is made up of multiple power electronic equipments such as tandem type compensation arrangement, parallel connection type compensation arrangements, tandem type compensation arrangement is arranged on to sensitive load or the point of common coupling feeder line front end to voltage-sensitive, and then provides higher quality of voltage for sensitive load or whole piece feeder line; Parallel connection type compensation arrangement is arranged near before feeder terminal impact and non-linear sensitive load or point of common coupling, so that total energy keeps good current waveform before sensitive load or point of common coupling, and does not affect other sensitive load.The main feature that the present invention is different from traditional Research on Unified Power Quality Conditioner is that tandem type compensation arrangement and parallel connection type compensation arrangement do not have common DC bus link, the mounting means of tandem type compensation arrangement and parallel connection type compensation arrangement is just more flexible like this, can better solve power quality problem.It is except providing all functions of traditional Research on Unified Power Quality Conditioner, single tandem type compensation arrangement or single parallel connection type compensation arrangement also there are some new functions: owing to can be distinguished an order sensitive load, therefore can classification improve distribution network electric energy quality, also can realize the generally raising of the quality of power supply, reduce the common Power Disturbance all users being caused by electric power system simultaneously.Even when electric power system is interrupted in addition, also can continue, to some important sensitive load power supply, to realize sensitive load short term outage is supported by its parallel connection type compensation arrangement; Tandem type compensation arrangement and parallel connection type compensation arrangement can with by the unit multiplexed combining inverter of distributed power generation of grid-connected inverters, realize multiple purposes of an inverter, effectively bring into play the effect of inverter.Therefore, this new solution can be improved the quality of power supply for all terminal uses, and reduces power cost for those need the user of high-quality electric energy.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the common topology of traditional Research on Unified Power Quality Conditioner and riding position;
Fig. 2 be one of embodiment of the present invention tandem type compensation arrangement before point of common coupling, the topological structure on the sensitive load branch road of parallel connection type compensation arrangement after point of common coupling time;
Fig. 3 be two parallel connection type compensation arrangements of the embodiment of the present invention before point of common coupling, the topological structure on the sensitive load branch road of tandem type compensation arrangement after point of common coupling time;
Fig. 4 is three tandem type compensation arrangements of the embodiment of the present invention and the parallel connection type compensation arrangement topological structure while being installed on same branch road;
Fig. 5 is four of the embodiment of the present invention while comprising many Serial-Parallel Type compensation arrangements, many tandem type compensation arrangements and the installation site topological structure of parallel connection type compensation arrangement in system.
Embodiment
Dispersed electric energy quality adjustor of the present invention is made up of tandem type compensation arrangement and parallel connection type compensation arrangement.Tandem type compensation arrangement is arranged on sensitive load to voltage-sensitive or the front end of point of common coupling, and then provides higher quality of voltage for all feeder lines after sensitive load or point of common coupling.Parallel connection type compensation arrangement is arranged near before feeder terminal impact and non-linear sensitive load or point of common coupling, to can keep good current waveform before load or before point of common coupling PCC, and does not affect other sensitive load.Each tandem type compensation arrangement and each parallel connection type compensation arrangement all contain at least one central controller, except realizing self local runtime control, central controller also contains communication unit, the central controller of tandem type compensation arrangement or parallel connection type compensation arrangement gathers needed system information, the power quality problem solving as required, send corresponding control command, realize the total tune control of dispersed electric energy quality adjustor of the present invention.In the time containing more tandem type compensation arrangement and parallel connection type compensation arrangement in power distribution network, can judge distribution network failure type by acquisition system information in configuration management center, then by each series and parallel type compensation arrangement of administrative center's coordinated operation.
The present invention has four kinds of configuration modes, as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5.In these four kinds of topologys, contain respectively tandem type compensation arrangement and parallel connection type compensation arrangement, also can expand according to above-mentioned four kinds of topologys, in power distribution network, contain as required multiple tandem type compensation arrangements or parallel connection type compensation arrangement.
As shown in Figure 2, this topology is applicable to the situation that contains a small amount of non-linear sensitive load or impact sensitive load in power distribution network to the first topology of one of embodiment of the present invention.Tandem type compensation arrangement with energy-storage units is placed on point of common coupling PCC branch road A before, described tandem type compensation arrangement is connected in series to the effect of playing dynamic electric voltage recovery device in branch road A, the problem such as voltage dip, voltage swells, voltage flicker, voltage fluctuation that solves 0 of branch road A grid side, ensures the busbar voltage supply afterwards of whole point of common coupling PCC point.The capacity of described tandem type compensation arrangement is determined by the population size of sensitive load.Parallel connection type compensation arrangement is installed in parallel the nonlinear load branch road C front end after point of common coupling PCC, plays the effect of Active Power Filter-APF.Detect the harmonic current components that above branch road C, nonlinear load produces, adopting PI control to add repeats the control method of controlling or adopts dead-beat control method, parallel connection type compensation arrangement is sent and harmonic current components equal and opposite in direction, the harmonic component of opposite direction, by the stack of harmonic current components producing with nonlinear load, realizing branch road C grid side point of common coupling PCC point electric current is standard sine, thereby can not affect the quality of power supply of branch road D and branch road E.Present embodiment is a kind of canonical topology, if when branch road D and branch road E are also nonlinear load, these two branch roads also can be installed parallel connection type compensation arrangement as required.In the time that power distribution network normally moves, described tandem type compensation arrangement according to point of common coupling PCC back-end load characteristic in harmonic compensation state or by-path running status.When branch road C, branch road D, branch road E are at point of common coupling PCC place current harmonic content during higher than national standard, tandem type compensation arrangement can be UPS, plays the effect of harmonic carcellation, thereby ensures that branch road A and 0 current quality of branch road B front end grid side meet the demands.When branch road C, branch road D, branch road E are at point of common coupling PCC place current harmonic content during lower than national standard, within the most of the time of the normal operation of power distribution network, tandem type compensation arrangement is in bypass condition, effectively energy savings.The mode of operation that parallel connection type compensation arrangement at any time all compensates in real-time harmonic.Occur the accident impacts such as thunderbolt to branch road A grid side voltage during as branch road B, tandem type compensation arrangement can start immediately, carries out voltage compensation.Tandem type compensation arrangement detects that electrical network falls (or rising temporarily) and then carries out computing to sending out ripple compensation, conventionally need in 5ms, complete, during this period of time, because parallel connection type compensation arrangement is being worked always, can mend a part more, play the effect to branch road C voltage support.Therefore the voltage compensation quantity of tandem type compensation arrangement need to be considered the many benefits amount that comprises drop-off voltage value and parallel connection type compensation arrangement.The coordinated operation of while rising sharply (or) tandem type compensation arrangement and parallel connection type compensation arrangement when considering many benefits part of parallel connection type compensation arrangement, can realize electrical network to fall temporarily.
As shown in Figure 3, this topology is applicable to only contain the sensitive load to voltage-sensitive in power distribution network and does not contain serious non-linear sensitive load situation two the second topologys of the embodiment of the present invention.Parallel connection type compensation arrangement is installed in parallel above the branch road A before point of common coupling PCC, before guarantee branch road A, 0 current waveform of grid side is standard sine, parallel connection type compensation arrangement can play the effect of power distribution network static reacance synchronous compensator plant simultaneously, by injecting reactive power to electrical network, regulate on the one hand branch road A power factor of electric network before, reduce the power loss on line resistance, also can play on the other hand the effect that suppresses voltage dip.The tandem type compensation arrangement branch road C front end to voltage-sensitive after point of common coupling PCC that is installed in series, ensures the sensitive load voltage supply above branch road C.If there are multiple sensitive loads, multiple tandem type compensation arrangements of can connecting.These tandem type compensation arrangements, except solving the power quality problems such as voltage dip, voltage swells, can also solve other power quality problems such as voltage harmonic.Coordination control strategy is identical with the first topology.
As shown in Figure 4, this topology is applicable to only contain in power distribution network single branch road sensitive load situation to three the third topologys of the embodiment of the present invention.Tandem type compensation arrangement and parallel connection type compensation arrangement are arranged on same feeder line branch road, tandem type compensation arrangement is placed on to be placed near point of common coupling PCC place all passable near point of common coupling PCC place or parallel connection type compensation arrangement, the topological structure of this embodiment of the present invention is compared with traditional Research on Unified Power Quality Conditioner, the tandem type compensation arrangement of common DC bus and parallel connection type compensation arrangement self Capacity design can be more not flexible, whether configure energy-storage units and configure how many energy-storage units also more flexible, do not need to consider the problems such as dc-link capacitance coupling that traditional Research on Unified Power Quality Conditioner causes due to general DC busbar simultaneously.It mainly solves the problems such as voltage dip, voltage swells, current harmonics.Its coordination control strategy is identical with the first topology.
The embodiment of the present invention four the 4th kind of topology as shown in Figure 5, this topology is applicable to contain in power distribution network multiple sensitive load situations, and sensitive load kind difference, existing non-linear sensitive load, there is again the sensitive load of pair voltage-sensitive, also have impact sensitive load etc.In a power distribution network that needs quality power according to many series and parallel type compensation arrangements of sensitive load type configuration, according to distribution system capacity, a parallel connection type compensation arrangement 1 is positioned over to point of common coupling PCC front end, power distribution network is played to the effect of active power filter or power distribution network static reacance synchronous compensator, whole distribution network system entirety is carried out to harmonic management, also contain the effect of reactive power compensation simultaneously, can ensure the current quality of and upstream branch road at 0.Each branch road after point of common coupling PCC, according to the type configuration tandem type compensation arrangement of sensitive load or parallel connection type compensation arrangement, to containing non-linear and being the parallel connection type compensation arrangement 2 of impact sensitive load branch road configuration accumulation energy type, sensitive load D branch road to voltage-sensitive configures the first tandem type compensation arrangement 1, sensitive load E to voltage-sensitive and sensitive load F configure the second tandem type compensation arrangement 2, to require sensitive load F branch road that voltage can not be interrupted in 03 position configuration the parallel connection type compensation arrangement containing solid-state switch, in the time that public electric wire net has a power failure, can utilize solid-state switch switching, utilize the energy storage of parallel connection type compensation arrangement front end to continue operation for sensitive load F completely.In the time that power distribution network normally moves, the first tandem type compensation arrangement 1 and the second tandem type compensation arrangement 2 are all in bypass operating state.In the time that 0 point, 01 or sensitive load branch road A the faults such as thunderbolt occur cause that the generation of point of common coupling PCC point voltage is fallen temporarily, the first tandem type compensation arrangement 1 and the second tandem type compensation arrangement 2 enter working voltage compensating coefficient by bypass immediately.In dispersed electric energy quality adjustor, all tandem type compensation arrangements and parallel connection type compensation arrangement all contain communication unit, and Tu5Zhong administrative center utilizes communication unit to each series and parallel type compensation arrangement coordinated operation according to distribution network failure type (fall temporarily or rise sharply).Below be only typical case's application that power distribution network contains multiple Serial-Parallel Type compensation arrangements, in the time containing multiple Serial-Parallel Type compensation arrangement in power distribution network, can adopt genetic algorithm or particle swarm optimization algorithm, taking overall harmonic current compensation effect and minimum cost of investment as constraints, each node installation Serial-Parallel Type compensation arrangement is optimized, obtains minimal design capacity and the optimum installation site of each Serial-Parallel Type compensation arrangement.
The present invention can compensate fast in supply power voltage rise sharply or fall temporarily, the imbalance problem of fluctuation and flickering, harmonic current and voltage, each phase voltage, can also classification improve distribution network electric energy quality, also can realize the generally raising of the quality of power supply, reduce the common Power Disturbance all users being caused by electric power system simultaneously.Even when electric power system is interrupted in addition, also can continue, to some important sensitive load power supply, to realize sensitive load short term outage is supported by its unit in parallel; And can with by the unit multiplexed combining inverter of distributed power generation of grid-connected inverters.
The present invention can adopt centralized control, also can adopt decentralized control.When centralized control, the key signal such as load voltage, power network current that utilizes sampling to obtain, carries out digitized processing and control, then sends control signals to each Serial-Parallel Type compensation arrangement by communication unit.When decentralized control, each series and parallel type compensation arrangement self all has independently local decision-making capability.Tandem type compensation arrangement gathers associated voltage signal according to the control target of self, processes through controlling, and realizes the voltage stabilization supply of controlling target.Parallel connection type compensation arrangement gathers correlated current signal according to the control target of self, processes through controlling, and realizing and controlling target current on line side is standard sine.When decentralized control, between Serial-Parallel Type compensation arrangement, utilize communication at a slow speed to realize both coordinated operations.
Claims (7)
1. a dispersed electric energy quality adjustor, comprise tandem type compensation arrangement and parallel connection type compensation arrangement, it is characterized in that, described tandem type compensation arrangement and parallel connection type compensation arrangement are one or more, and each described tandem type compensation arrangement and parallel connection type compensation arrangement contain central controller, common DC bus not between described tandem type compensation arrangement and parallel connection type compensation arrangement; Multiple tandem type compensation arrangements and parallel connection type compensation arrangement are combined while use, is furnished with administrative center, described administrative center judges electric network fault type, each tandem type compensation arrangement of coordinated operation and parallel connection type compensation arrangement by gathering line voltage and load current information;
Described tandem type compensation arrangement is single-phase or three-phase structure, described tandem type compensation arrangement comprises DC terminal configuration energy-storage units and does not configure two kinds of versions of energy-storage units, the tandem type compensation arrangement institute energy requirement that does not configure energy-storage units obtains by rectification from grid side or load-side, the tandem type compensation arrangement institute energy requirement of configuration energy-storage units obtains as energy-storage units by configuration big capacity electrolyte capacitor device or ultracapacitor, described tandem type compensation arrangement comprises direct hanging type and is connected two kinds by isolating transformer with the connected mode of electrical network, described tandem type compensation arrangement comprises single inversion unit modular structure and many inversion units of cascade modular structure, described tandem type compensation arrangement control mode is divided into two level modes and many level mode, described tandem type compensation arrangement control strategy is divided into open loop control and two kinds of modes of closed-loop control,
Described tandem type compensation arrangement is uninterrupted power supply or dynamic electric voltage recovery device or Active Power Filter-APF, in the time being dynamic electric voltage recovery device, the compensation policy of described tandem type compensation arrangement is full remuneration or same-phase compensation or least energy compensation, described tandem type compensation arrangement has the ability of 4 kinds of power quality problems such as processing voltage swells, voltage dip, harmonic wave control, voltage fluctuation, except meritorious support is provided, can also provide reactive power support;
Described parallel connection type compensation arrangement comprises DC terminal configuration energy-storage units and does not configure two kinds of forms of energy-storage units, the parallel connection type compensation arrangement institute energy requirement that does not configure energy-storage units obtains by rectification from grid side or load-side, the parallel connection type compensation arrangement of configuration energy-storage units is except providing reactive power support, can also provide part meritorious support, described parallel connection type compensation arrangement comprises direct hanging type and is connected two kinds by isolating transformer with the connected mode of electrical network, parallel connection type compensation arrangement topological structure is single-phase or three-phase structure, parallel connection type compensation arrangement comprises single inversion unit modular structure and cascade multi-module structure, the control mode of described parallel connection type compensation arrangement is divided into two level modes and many level mode, be that PI controls or PI controls parallel resonance controller or PI controls repetitive controller in parallel or dead beat control or synovial membrane change structure control or ANN Control or fuzzy control to the control strategy of described parallel connection type compensation arrangement, described parallel connection type compensation arrangement is Active Power Filter-APF or Distribution Network Static Reactive Compensator, described parallel connection type compensation arrangement is except having harmonic wave control function, also there is idle abatement functions.
2. dispersed electric energy quality adjustor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described central controller contains communication unit, and described communication unit is realized the coordinating communication between tandem type compensation arrangement and parallel connection type compensation arrangement.
3. dispersed electric energy quality adjustor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described tandem type compensation arrangement is installed in series in power distribution network before point of common coupling, ensure the point of common coupling quality of voltage supply of all branch roads afterwards, described parallel connection type compensation arrangement is installed in parallel the nonlinear load front end after point of common coupling, the harmonic wave that described parallel connection type compensation arrangement produces by offsetting nonlinear load, making grid side current waveform is standard sine waveform.
4. dispersed electric energy quality adjustor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, before described parallel connection type compensation arrangement is placed in parallel in point of common coupling, making current on line side waveform before set-point is sinusoidal waveform, tandem type compensation arrangement series connection is placed on sensitive load front end after point of common coupling, ensures the supply of sensitive load voltage.
5. dispersed electric energy quality adjustor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described tandem type compensation arrangement and parallel connection type compensation arrangement are placed on same feeder line branch road, and tandem type compensation arrangement is placed on before parallel connection type compensation arrangement or before parallel connection type compensation arrangement is placed on tandem type compensation arrangement.
6. dispersed electric energy quality adjustor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described dispersed electric energy quality adjustor contains many tandem type compensation arrangements and parallel connection type compensation arrangement, the parallel connection type compensation arrangement that does not wherein configure energy-storage units is positioned over point of common coupling front end, each branch road after point of common coupling, according to the type configuration tandem type compensation arrangement of sensitive load or parallel connection type compensation arrangement, the wherein sensitive load configuration tandem type compensation arrangement to voltage-sensitive, contain the parallel connection type compensation arrangement of non-linear and impact sensitive load branch road configuration with energy-storage units, parallel connection type compensation arrangement to the continual sensitive load branch road configuration of voltage request containing solid-state switch, the central controller of all Serial-Parallel Type compensation arrangements all contains communication unit, administrative center is by described tandem type compensation arrangement and the communication unit of parallel connection type compensation arrangement central controller, each tandem type compensation arrangement of coordinated operation and parallel connection type compensation arrangement, in the time containing multiple sensitive loads in power distribution network multiple Serial-Parallel Type compensation arrangement need to be installed, adopt genetic algorithm or population optimizing algorithm taking economy optimum or operational efficiency optimum as constraints, obtain the optimum on-position of each series and parallel device and minimum installed capacity.
7. the control method of dispersed electric energy quality adjustor claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described tandem type compensation arrangement and parallel connection type compensation arrangement are taked to centralized control or decentralized control, when centralized control, administrative center is according to the action of tandem type compensation arrangement and parallel connection type device in distribution network system power quality event type execution dispersed electric energy quality adjustor, when decentralized control, each series and parallel device is carried out compensating movement according to power quality event type oneself judgement self, employing compensates the multivariable method for designing that is mutually related and realizes coordinated operation between series and parallel device, in the time of described tandem type compensation arrangement and parallel connection type compensation arrangement negligible amounts, the voltage signal that tandem type compensation arrangement collects according to the central controller of self judges power quality event type, then compensate according to fault type, the current signal that parallel connection type compensation arrangement collects according to the central controller of self judges power quality event type, then compensates according to fault type.
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| CN102946095A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2013-02-27 | 东南大学 | Method and device for suppressing overvoltage of power distribution network caused by distributed power generation |
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| CN109119997A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-01-01 | 杭州电力设备制造有限公司 | A kind of power quality compensator |
| TWI683505B (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2020-01-21 | 國立高雄科技大學 | Decentralized battery energy storage system with both electric energy regulation and power supply quality |
| CN111697582B (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2023-10-31 | 平高集团有限公司 | AC micro-grid system |
| CN110474342B (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2021-11-05 | 国网青海省电力公司海西供电公司 | Method for constructing power distribution network voltage sag disturbance treatment effect evaluation model |
| CN112736920B (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2022-08-19 | 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 | Method and system for adjusting transmission power quality of power grid system |
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