CN102509867B - Circularly polarized differential feed patch antenna - Google Patents
Circularly polarized differential feed patch antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN102509867B CN102509867B CN201110344178.4A CN201110344178A CN102509867B CN 102509867 B CN102509867 B CN 102509867B CN 201110344178 A CN201110344178 A CN 201110344178A CN 102509867 B CN102509867 B CN 102509867B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a circularly polarized differential feed antenna, comprising a radiation patch on the upper surface, two L-shaped feed panels, and a horizontal substrate on the lower surface, wherein the upper radiation patch comprises a first lower radiation patch and a second upper radiation patch which are spaced by a certain distance by an isolation foam; the first radiation patch is larger than the second radiation patch, two L-shaped feed panels are directly connected with the first radiation patch in the radiation patch on the upper surface, each L-shaped feed electrode panel is respectively connected with the horizontal substrate on the lower surface and an SMA connector by a probe, and the L-shaped feed panels are excited by a pair of differential signals. The impedance bandwidth and the axial ratio bandwidth are widened and the lower-level crossed polarization and stable direction diagram and gain can be seen on the work frequency band. The scheme can be used in the more and more popular radio frequency differential circuit and system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the antenna of wireless communication field, be especially applied to the paster antenna of circular polarization.
Background technology
In recent years, the development of the radio communication technology such as radar, global positioning system, cellular communication is swift and violent.To the demand of radio communication sustainable growth, increasing researcher is put among the innovative development of radio communications system.In radio communications system, antenna is core parts.Compare with linear polarized antenna, circular polarized antenna has wider reception and azimuth firing angle, and better mobility, and the better advantage such as weather adaptability, so be more widely used in the middle of radio communication.
In recent years, radio RF recognition technology (Radio Frequency Identification is called for short RFID) industry development is more and more faster, is all widely used in multiple fields such as traffic, logistics, monitoring.In rfid system, in the time that reader antenna is circular polarized antenna, this antenna can both effectively read the label of putting different angles and position.Because the radiated electric field of circular polarized antenna rotates, can communicate with the linear polarized antenna of any direction, and label is generally linear polarization, therefore reader antenna can carry out good communicating by letter with label.In practical communication process, the position of label is often put irregular, and therefore circular polarized antenna is very extensive in the application of RFID field.
Present circular polarized antenna mostly is the antenna of single-ended format.And in radio circuit, difference channel is because its good characteristic is used more and more general.If adopt single-ended antenna and difference channel interconnection, need to carry out imbalance to balance conversion at middle Jia Balun, Ba Lunhui brings extra loss, and has the disequilibrium of amplitude-phase, affects the radiance of antenna.
Summary of the invention
In order to address the above problem, the present invention proposes circular polarized differential feeder patch antenna, adopt difference form to carry out feed, can directly be connected with difference channel and avoid use Ba Lun.
For realizing the object of the invention, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:
Circular polarized differential feeder patch antenna, comprise the horizontal base plate of the radiation patch on upper strata, two L shaped feeder panels, lower floor, the radiation patch on upper strata comprises the first radiation patch and the second radiation patch, the second radiation patch is positioned at the first radiation patch top, spaced apart by an insulation foam between the first radiation patch and the second radiation patch, first radiation patch Area Ratio the second radiation patch is large; L shaped feed pole plate comprises vertical component and horizontal component, the upper end of two L shaped feed pole plates is directly connected to the first radiation patch in the radiation patch of upper strata, the lower end of each L shaped feed pole plate is all connected with a SMA connector with the horizontal base plate of lower floor by a probe separately, and L shaped feed pole plate adopts a pair of differential signal to encourage; L shaped feeder panel by with the direct feed that is connected to come of the first radiation patch, the second radiation patch is by the first radiation patch coupling feed.
As the optimisation technique scheme of above-mentioned circular polarized differential feeder patch antenna, horizontal base plate, L shaped feeder panel, two radiation patch are all to adopt conductive metallic material.
As the optimisation technique scheme of above-mentioned circular polarized differential feeder patch antenna, the center of the center of the first radiation patch and the second radiation patch is on same straight line.
As the optimisation technique scheme of above-mentioned circular polarized differential feeder patch antenna, the edge of the first radiation patch and the second radiation patch is parallel to each other.
As the optimisation technique scheme of above-mentioned circular polarized differential feeder patch antenna, the area of the first radiation patch is greater than the area of the second radiation patch, the first radiation patch is the same with the shape of the second radiation patch, is square and is excised the remainder behind a pair of diagonal angle by straight line.
As the optimisation technique scheme of above-mentioned circular polarized differential feeder patch antenna, the first radiation patch is not being excised square length of side length in diagonal angle situation and is approximating the half-wavelength of this center of antenna frequency.
As the optimisation technique scheme of above-mentioned circular polarized differential feeder patch antenna, two L shaped feed pole plates are parallel to each other, the vertical component of L shaped feed pole plate is perpendicular to an opposite side of horizontal base plate, being centered close between two L shaped feed pole plates of horizontal base plate, two L shaped feed pole plates are about the middle separated time symmetry of an opposite side of horizontal base plate.
As the optimisation technique scheme of above-mentioned circular polarized differential feeder patch antenna, the vertical component of L shaped feed pole plate is perpendicular to an opposite side of the first radiation patch.
As the optimisation technique scheme of above-mentioned circular polarized differential feeder patch antenna, the described probe being connected with L shaped feed pole plate is positioned at the central point of the horizontal component of L shaped feed pole plate.
Compared with prior art, the antenna of technical scheme provided by the invention can be expanded impedance bandwidth, the radio-frequency differential circuit that is applicable to more and more popularize.On working band, can see low-level cross polarization, there is the axial ratio bandwidth (AR-3dB) of stable radiation direction and the radiation direction of high stability.Use technical scheme provided by the invention, can expand impedance bandwidth and axial ratio bandwidth, and on working band, can see low-level cross polarization and stable directional diagram and gain.The radio-frequency differential Circuits and Systems that this scheme can be used for more and more popularizing.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation (X, Y, Z are change in coordinate axis direction) of embodiment circular polarized differential feeder patch antenna.
Fig. 2 is center and the second radiation patch structural representation of the first radiation patch;
Fig. 3 is the front view (Z-X plane) of embodiment circular polarized differential feeder patch antenna.
Fig. 4 is the end view (Z-Y plane) of embodiment circular polarized differential feeder patch antenna.
Fig. 5 is the standing-wave ratio curve chart of emulation and the test of embodiment circular polarized differential feeder patch antenna.
Fig. 6 is the axial ratio curve chart of emulation and the test of embodiment circular polarized differential feeder patch antenna.
Fig. 7 is the antenna gain curve chart of emulation and the test of embodiment circular polarized differential feeder patch antenna.
Fig. 8 is the directional diagram of the antenna gain of the emulation that 2.09GHz draws on frequency band.
Fig. 9 is the directional diagram of the antenna gain of the emulation that 2.27GHz draws on frequency band.
Figure 10 is the directional diagram of the antenna gain of the emulation that 2.43GHz draws on frequency band.
Figure 11 is the directional diagram of the antenna gain of the test that 2.09GHz draws on frequency band.
Figure 12 is the directional diagram of the antenna gain of the test that 2.27GHz draws on frequency band.
Figure 13 is the directional diagram of the antenna gain of the test that 2.43GHz draws on frequency band.
Specific embodiments
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, enforcement of the present invention is described further, but enforcement of the present invention is not limited to this.
The present invention uses difference excitation, uses the paster antenna of pair of L-shaped feed pole plate feed, and such structure can be expanded impedance bandwidth, in more and more universal radio-frequency differential circuit.
First, a rectangular patch antenna being notched, after having applied broadband feed scheme, has produced suitable impedance bandwidth and axial ratio bandwidth, and has stable radiation direction.In order further to expand axial ratio bandwidth, apply the paster that another one is notched here.On working band, can see low-level cross polarization and suitable gain.
Meanwhile, owing to common-mode noise being had to stronger inhibitory action, microwave difference channel technology has obtained great concern in recent years.These have guided the stable development of differential feed paster antenna (DFPAs).For a DFPA, here use pair of L-shaped feed pole plate, impedance bandwidth can reach more than 70%. and furtherly, this L shaped feed pole plate to having realized low-level cross polarization on bandwidth of operation, and the radiation direction of antenna is stable, has reacted the advantage on feed structure.
Present circular polarized antenna mostly is the antenna of single-ended format.And in radio circuit, difference channel is because its good characteristic is used more and more general.If adopt single-ended antenna and difference channel interconnection, need to carry out imbalance to balance conversion at middle Jia Balun, Ba Lunhui brings extra loss, and has the disequilibrium of amplitude-phase, affects the radiance of antenna.The differential feed paster antenna that we study circular polarization here just can overcome this problem.
As shown in Figure 1, circular polarized differential feeder patch antenna comprises the first radiation patch 2, the second radiation patch 3, for the first L shaped feed pole plate 4 and the second L shaped feed pole plate 5, the first probes 6, the second probe 9 and the horizontal base plate 1 of differential feed, as shown in Figure 2, the first radiation patch 2 is identical with the shape of the second radiation patch 3, be foursquare a pair of diagonal angle by the rear remaining part of straight line excision, in the first radiation patch 2, cut part is the isosceles right triangle that area is equal, in the second radiation patch 3, cut part is also the isosceles right triangle that area is equal, the area of the first radiation patch 2 is greater than the area of the second radiation patch 3, the center of the first radiation patch 2 and the second radiation patch 3 is on same vertical line, the edge of the edge of the first radiation patch 2 and the second radiation patch 3 is parallel to each other, as Fig. 3, shown in 4, between the first radiation patch 2 and the second radiation patch 3, there is an insulation foam, be used for making between the first radiation patch 2 and the second radiation patch 3 spaced apart, the mode that the first radiation patch 2 is passed through electromagnetic coupled is to the second radiation patch 3 feeds, the upper end of the first L shaped feed pole plate 4 and the second L shaped feed pole plate 5 is directly connected with the first radiation patch 2, the vertical component of the vertical component of the first L shaped feed pole plate 4 and the second L shaped feed pole plate 5 is perpendicular to an opposite side of the first radiation patch 2 and an opposite side of horizontal base plate 1, the distance of horizontal component distance first radiation patch 2 of the horizontal component of the first L shaped feed pole plate 4 and the second L shaped feed pole plate 5 equates, the horizontal component of the first L shaped feed pole plate 4 is connected with SMA connector 8 with horizontal base plate 1 by the second probe 9, the horizontal component of the second L shaped feed pole plate 5 is connected with SMA connector 7 with horizontal base plate 1 by the first probe 6, the second probe 9 and the first probe 6 lay respectively at the center of the horizontal component of the first L shaped feed pole plate 4 and the second L shaped feed pole plate 5.
Embodiment
The first radiation patch 2 and the second radiation patch 3 form after by parallel excision by square two diagonal angles.The centre frequency of this antenna is designed in 2.2GHz. the first radiation patch 2, and the distance of square opposite side is 60mm, meets the λ o of 0.44 times, the wavelength that wherein λ o is free space.In the second radiation patch 3, the distance of square opposite side is 50mm, is passive component.The first radiation patch 2 is 19mm with the vertical range of horizontal base plate, and the distance that approximates 0.14 λ o. the first radiation patch 2 and the second radiation patch 3 is 5mm.The first radiation patch 2 is by the first L shaped feed pole plate 4 and the second L shaped feed pole plate 5 differential feeds, and the second radiation patch 3 is by electromagnetic coupled feed.Two diagonal angles of the first radiation patch 2 are cut, and in order to produce the circular polarization mode of resonance of two orthogonal approximate declines, the waist of cut isosceles triangle is long is 24mm.Two diagonal angles of the second radiation patch 3 are cut, and the waist length of cut isosceles triangle is 18mm.Square opposite side distance is from having determined the resonance frequency of the circular polarization mode of resonance of two orthogonal approximate declines with the waist length of isosceles triangle.The direction of one of them circular polarization mode of resonance is along foursquare diagonal angle line, another one circular polarization mode of resonance along with the former orthogonal direction.The frequency difference of the circular polarization mode of resonance of two orthogonal approximate declines should be high as far as possible, to obtain sufficient axial ratio bandwidth.The circular polarization mode of resonance of two orthogonal approximate declines must be orthogonal, to guarantee the effect of circular polarization.Area Ratio first radiation patch 2 of the second radiation patch 3 is little, so the second radiation patch 3 resonance frequencys are than the first radiation patch 2 height.Axial ratio bandwidth will upwards be widened like this.The first radiation patch 2 is by the first L shaped feed pole plate 4 and the second L shaped feed pole plate 5 feeds.The vertical component of the first L shaped feed pole plate 4 and the second L shaped feed pole plate 5 is along the off-resonance direction of the first radiation patch 2, and perpendicular to a foursquare opposite side.The length of the first L shaped feed pole plate 4 and the second L shaped feed pole plate 5 is 41mm, and the height of vertical component is 17mm, and the width of horizontal component is 3.2mm.The first L shaped feed pole plate 4 and the length of the second L shaped feed pole plate 5 and the distance of their vertical components have determined port Impedance.Longer pole plate length can form the coefficient of self-inductance of less port Impedance.Distance between the first L shaped feed pole plate 4 and horizontal component and the horizontal base plate of the second L shaped feed pole plate 5 is 2mm, can produce an electric capacity, thus compensation coefficient of self-inductance.Like this, impedance bandwidth just can have been expanded greatly.The second probe 9 is connected SMA connector 8 and SMA connector 7 by horizontal base plate respectively with the first probe 6.The length of side of horizontal base plate is 200mm, is about 1.46 λ o. the first radiation patch 2 and second center of radiation patch 3 and the center of horizontal base plate on same vertical line.
In design process, first the length of the first radiation patch 2 and the second radiation patch 3 determined, and be based on working band.And then selection circuit.Next, use Zeland IE3D to form global optimization.In simulation process, differential signal is sent on antenna, but does not use Ba Lun.
Consider impedance bandwidth, axial ratio bandwidth and antenna pattern, increase impedance bandwidth, axial ratio bandwidth is limiting factor.In order to strengthen axial ratio bandwidth, just need to manage to produce more mode of resonance, for this reason, the present invention has adopted parasitic radiation unit, namely the second radiation patch.Fig. 5 has shown the emulation on frequency band and test standing-wave ratio.Can see, this antenna just has 52% impedance bandwidth (standing-wave ratio is 2), from 1.65GHz to 2.80GHz.Fig. 6 has shown the 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth to the emulation 14.6% obtaining on 2.43GHz at 2.09GHz, but the result of test is 15.9% bandwidth, and standing-wave ratio is not more than 2.
Fig. 7 has recorded the gain of this antenna emulation and test.At 2.09GHz, to the working band of 2.45GHz, simulation result and test result are coincide well.In working band, this antenna simulated gain is approximately 8.7dBi, and average test gain is 9dBi.The generation of difference is mainly because we have used backward power distributor.In the time that we calculate antenna gain, the insertion loss of anti-phase power divider will count.The insertion loss of distributor is tested in 50-Ω system.In test, the port of antenna has been connected on distributor.Since port Impedance might not be accurate 50 errorless Ω, the insertion loss of distributor just has certain error so.In like manner, the amplitude of distributor and unbalance in phase have caused some errors.This has just caused the difference of emulation and test result.
Fig. 8-Figure 13 has provided the emulation of (φ=90 °, xz plane and yz plane) on (φ=0 °) in the plane and two vertical planes of this antenna and the antenna pattern of test, respectively on frequency band 2.09GHz, 2.27GHz, 2.43GHz.Right polarized radiation directional diagram in each plane is symmetrical in broadside directive direction.Can see low-level cross polarization.The back lobe radiation level of emulation is lower than-17dB, and on working band, and the back lobe radiation level of test is lower than-20dB.This antenna demonstrates its stable radiation feature in 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth.
The invention discloses a kind of differential feed circularly-polarized patch antenna, use pair of L-shaped feed pole plate, such antenna is applicable to more and more general difference channel, and does not need to use Ba Lun.The radiation patch of each corner cut can produce pair of orthogonal pattern.The present invention has realized the axial ratio bandwidth of 15% 3-dB, and the test gain of antenna is approximately 9dBi.And this antenna all has stable radiation direction on its working band.This has also confirmed our design original intention.This scheme is with its outstanding circular polarization radiation performance, very popular in the difference channel of terrestrial communications systems.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention; be not limited to this practical new; for a person skilled in the art; the present invention can have various modifications and variations; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all; institute changes, and is equal to replacement, improvement etc., within being all included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. circular polarized differential feeder patch antenna, comprise the horizontal base plate of the radiation patch on upper strata, two L shaped feeder panels, lower floor, it is characterized in that, the radiation patch on upper strata comprises the first radiation patch and the second radiation patch, the second radiation patch is positioned at the first radiation patch top, spaced apart by an insulation foam between the first radiation patch and the second radiation patch, first radiation patch Area Ratio the second radiation patch is large; L shaped feeder panel comprises vertical component and horizontal component, the upper end of two L shaped feeder panels is directly connected to the first radiation patch in the radiation patch of upper strata, the lower end of each L shaped feeder panel is all connected with a SMA connector with the horizontal base plate of lower floor by a probe separately, and L shaped feeder panel adopts a pair of differential signal to encourage; L shaped feeder panel by with the direct feed that is connected to come of the first radiation patch, the second radiation patch is by the first radiation patch coupling feed; The center of the center of the first radiation patch and the second radiation patch is on same straight line; The edge of the first radiation patch and the second radiation patch is parallel to each other; The area of the first radiation patch is greater than the area of the second radiation patch, and the first radiation patch is the same with the shape of the second radiation patch, is square and is excised the remainder behind a pair of diagonal angle by straight line; The first radiation patch is not being excised square length of side length in diagonal angle situation and is approximating the half-wavelength of this center of antenna frequency.
2. circular polarized differential feeder patch antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that horizontal base plate, L shaped feeder panel, two radiation patch are all to adopt conductive metallic material.
3. circular polarized differential feeder patch antenna according to claim 1, it is characterized in that two L shaped feeder panels are parallel to each other, the vertical component of L shaped feeder panel is perpendicular to an opposite side of horizontal base plate, being centered close between two L shaped feeder panels of horizontal base plate, two L shaped feeder panels are about the middle separated time symmetry of an opposite side of horizontal base plate.
4. circular polarized differential feeder patch antenna according to claim 3, is characterized in that the vertical component of L shaped feeder panel is perpendicular to an opposite side of the first radiation patch.
5. circular polarized differential feeder patch antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that the described probe being connected with L shaped feeder panel is positioned at the central point of the horizontal component of L shaped feeder panel.
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| CN104297567B (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2017-02-15 | 西安电子科技大学 | Clamp for measuring antenna impedance on ultrahigh-frequency radio frequency identification tag |
| CN105990642A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2016-10-05 | 深圳光启尖端技术有限责任公司 | Antenna, antenna system and communication device |
| CN105305069B (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2018-05-15 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of differential feed implanted circular polarized antenna for working in ISM band |
| CN105896036A (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2016-08-24 | 南京理工大学 | Broadband differential antenna |
| CN108075226A (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2018-05-25 | 南京濠暻通讯科技有限公司 | A kind of miniature antenna for 5G mobile communication |
| CN109860976B (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2021-05-07 | 深圳市卓睿通信技术有限公司 | Broadband patch antenna based on differential resonator feed |
| CN109994828B (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2021-06-22 | 上海微波技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第五十研究所） | Broadband slot coupling antenna |
| CN110518344B (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2020-08-11 | 南京邮电大学 | Self-balancing wide-bandwidth wave beam magnetic dipole antenna |
| CN116914435B (en) * | 2023-09-12 | 2023-11-24 | 上海英内物联网科技股份有限公司 | Broadband circularly polarized patch antenna |
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| CN1705164A (en) * | 2004-06-01 | 2005-12-07 | 香港城市大学 | Broad band paster antenna with double L shaped probes |
| CN102148428A (en) * | 2011-02-22 | 2011-08-10 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十六研究所 | Miniature high-gain single-feed-point dual-band dual-polarized microstrip antenna |
| CN202282455U (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2012-06-20 | 华南理工大学 | Circular polarized differential feeder patch antenna |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US6593887B2 (en) * | 1999-01-25 | 2003-07-15 | City University Of Hong Kong | Wideband patch antenna with L-shaped probe |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1705164A (en) * | 2004-06-01 | 2005-12-07 | 香港城市大学 | Broad band paster antenna with double L shaped probes |
| CN102148428A (en) * | 2011-02-22 | 2011-08-10 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十六研究所 | Miniature high-gain single-feed-point dual-band dual-polarized microstrip antenna |
| CN202282455U (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2012-06-20 | 华南理工大学 | Circular polarized differential feeder patch antenna |
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