CN102509845B - Multimode occulting antenna with stable phase center - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种多模相位中心稳定的掩星天线,包括反射腔、辐射下贴片、辐射上贴片、四个馈电探针套筒、四个馈电探针内芯和两个支撑柱;馈电探针套筒又包括金属座和填充物,金属座的一端为金属柱,另一端为金属圆柱腔体,填充物将金属座的圆柱腔体填满。本发明通过套筒形探针四点耦合馈电,并且探针在一圆周上均匀分布;天线辐射片由上下两层构成,下层通过套筒形探针耦合馈电,上层通过下层辐射片耦合馈电,中间靠金属柱支撑;反射腔为圆形碗状结构,高度低于上层辐射片。本发明性能优越,结构及工艺简单可靠,频带宽,满足GPS、BD-2、GALILEO、GLONASS使用,具有较宽的波束覆盖及较高的增益,相位中心稳定,轴比性能优异,适用于精密掩星及其他高精度探测系统。
A multi-mode phase center stable occultation antenna, including a reflection cavity, a radiating lower patch, a radiating upper patch, four feeding probe sleeves, four feeding probe inner cores and two supporting columns; The electric probe sleeve includes a metal base and a filling. One end of the metal base is a metal column, and the other end is a metal cylinder cavity. The filler fills up the cylinder cavity of the metal base. The invention uses sleeve-shaped probes for four-point coupling and feeding, and the probes are evenly distributed on a circle; the antenna radiation sheet is composed of upper and lower layers, the lower layer is coupled and fed by sleeve-shaped probes, and the upper layer is coupled through the lower radiation sheet The feed is supported by metal pillars in the middle; the reflection cavity is a circular bowl-shaped structure, and its height is lower than that of the upper radiation sheet. The invention has superior performance, simple and reliable structure and process, and wide frequency band, which can be used by GPS, BD-2, GALILEO, and GLONASS. It has wider beam coverage and higher gain, stable phase center, excellent axial ratio performance, and is suitable for precision Occultation and other high-precision detection systems.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种多模相位中心稳定的掩星天线,适用于精密卫星、无人机、飞艇等飞行器掩星探测及其他高精度探测系统,属于高精度探测天线技术领域。The invention relates to an occultation antenna with a stable multi-mode phase center, which is suitable for occultation detection of precision satellites, drones, airships and other aircraft and other high-precision detection systems, and belongs to the technical field of high-precision detection antennas.
背景技术 Background technique
20世纪80年代末,国外开始研究一种新的基于GPS卫星无线电信号探测地球大气环境的方法:GPS无线电信号在穿越地球大气层时受到大气折射影响,传播路径发生弯曲,导致用户接收机接收到的信号相位产生延迟,通过测量这些延迟量来获取大气中温度、压力、湿度、电子密度等信息,这种方法被称为无线电掩星测量技术,为了提高掩星探测反演精度,提出了基于全球导航卫星系统(GNSS,Global Navigation Satellite System)的探测系统。作为掩星探测系统中的关键部件,高精度掩星天线技术已成为当前急需解决的问题。In the late 1980s, foreign countries began to study a new method of detecting the earth's atmospheric environment based on GPS satellite radio signals: GPS radio signals are affected by atmospheric refraction when passing through the earth's atmosphere, and the propagation path is bent, resulting in The signal phase produces a delay, and by measuring these delays to obtain information such as temperature, pressure, humidity, and electron density in the atmosphere, this method is called radio occultation measurement technology. In order to improve the accuracy of occultation detection and inversion, a global Navigation satellite system (GNSS, Global Navigation Satellite System) detection system. As a key component in the occultation detection system, high-precision occultation antenna technology has become an urgent problem to be solved.
掩星天线是一种宽波束天线,要求天线在宽角域范围内具有较高的增益及稳定的相位中心。目前掩星天线多采用波束赋形天线阵形式,通过对天线阵列各单元输入信号相位的变化来对天线进行波束赋形,达到展宽波束的目的。这种天线的优点是可通过天线各阵元相位变化实现各种特殊形状方向图覆盖,但是波束赋形天线阵需要对天线各阵元实现不同相位的信号激励,导致天线馈电网络复杂,天线阵在宽角域范围内相位变化较大,相位中心稳定性差,需要进行精确地相位中心标定,并且由于移相网络带宽较窄,大大限制了天线的整体带宽,不能够充分覆盖GPS、BD-2、GALILEO及GLONASS的频率范围。The occultation antenna is a wide-beam antenna, which requires the antenna to have a high gain and a stable phase center in a wide-angle range. At present, most occultation antennas adopt the form of beam-forming antenna array, and the beam-forming of the antenna is performed by changing the phase of the input signal of each unit of the antenna array to achieve the purpose of widening the beam. The advantage of this kind of antenna is that it can realize the coverage of various special shape patterns through the phase change of each array element of the antenna, but the beamforming antenna array needs to realize the signal excitation of different phases for each array element of the antenna, which leads to the complexity of the antenna feeding network and the The phase of the array changes greatly in the wide-angle range, and the stability of the phase center is poor. Accurate calibration of the phase center is required. Moreover, due to the narrow bandwidth of the phase-shifting network, the overall bandwidth of the antenna is greatly limited, and it cannot fully cover GPS, BD- 2. Frequency range of GALILEO and GLONASS.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的技术解决问题是:克服现有技术的不足,提供了一种多模相位中心稳定的掩星天线,相位中心稳定、结构及加工工艺简单,适用于卫星、无人机、飞艇等飞行器。The problem solved by the technology of the present invention is: to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, to provide a multi-mode occultation antenna with stable phase center, stable phase center, simple structure and processing technology, suitable for satellites, unmanned aerial vehicles, airships and other aircraft .
本发明的技术解决方案是:Technical solution of the present invention is:
一种多模相位中心稳定的掩星天线,包括反射腔、辐射下贴片、辐射上贴片、四个馈电探针套筒、四个馈电探针内芯、第一支撑柱和第二支撑柱;所述馈电探针套筒又包括金属座和填充物,金属座的一端为金属柱,另一端为金属圆柱腔体,填充物将金属座的圆柱腔体填满;A multi-mode phase-center-stabilized occultation antenna, including a reflection cavity, a radiating lower patch, a radiating upper patch, four feeding probe sleeves, four feeding probe inner cores, a first support column and a second Two support columns; the feeding probe sleeve includes a metal base and a filler, one end of the metal base is a metal column, and the other end is a metal cylinder cavity, and the filler fills the cylinder cavity of the metal base;
所述反射腔是一个底面封闭的金属空心圆柱腔体,所述第二支撑柱是一个金属圆柱体,并且所述第二支撑柱安装在反射腔的内腔底面圆心位置,所述第二支撑柱的底面圆心与所述反射腔的内腔底面圆心对齐,所述辐射下贴片为圆形金属薄片且安装在所述第二支撑柱顶部,辐射下贴片与第二支撑柱同心,辐射下贴片的高度低于所述反射腔的腔体高度;所述第一支撑柱是一个金属圆柱体且安装在所述辐射下贴片上,与所述辐射下贴片同心;所述辐射上贴片为圆形金属薄片且安装在所述第一支撑柱顶部,与第一支撑柱同心且所述辐射上贴片高于所述反射腔的腔体高度;The reflective cavity is a metal hollow cylindrical cavity with a closed bottom surface, the second support column is a metal cylinder, and the second support column is installed at the center of the bottom surface of the internal cavity of the reflective cavity, the second support column The center of the bottom surface of the column is aligned with the center of the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the reflection cavity, the radiation patch is a circular metal sheet and installed on the top of the second support column, the radiation patch is concentric with the second support column, and the radiation patch is concentric with the second support column. The height of the lower patch is lower than the cavity height of the reflection cavity; the first support column is a metal cylinder and is installed on the radiation lower patch, concentric with the radiation lower patch; the radiation The upper patch is a circular metal sheet and is installed on the top of the first support column, concentric with the first support column and the radiation upper patch is higher than the cavity height of the reflection cavity;
四个金属座一端的金属柱固定在所述反射腔的内腔底面上且以所述反射腔的内腔底面圆心为圆心,均匀分布在同一圆周上,金属座的圆柱腔体内的填充物与辐射下贴片接触;The metal pillars at one end of the four metal seats are fixed on the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the reflective cavity and are evenly distributed on the same circumference with the center of the inner cavity bottom surface of the reflective cavity as the center, and the filler in the cylindrical cavity of the metal seat and the Patch contact under radiation;
所述四个馈电探针内芯垂直穿过辐射下贴片并插到填充物之中且所述馈电探针内芯与金属座之间电隔离;馈电探针内芯与辐射下贴片之间固定安装,且馈电探针内芯与所述金属座同心。The inner cores of the four feeding probes vertically pass through the sub-radiation patch and are inserted into the filler, and the inner cores of the feeding probes are electrically isolated from the metal seat; The patches are fixedly installed, and the inner core of the feeding probe is concentric with the metal base.
所述辐射上贴片的直径在68mm到72mm之间,厚度在1mm到3mm之间。The diameter of the radiation patch is between 68mm and 72mm, and the thickness is between 1mm and 3mm.
所述辐射下贴片的直径在99mm到101mm之间,厚度在1mm到3mm之间。The diameter of the patch under radiation is between 99mm and 101mm, and the thickness is between 1mm and 3mm.
所述第一支撑柱的高度在14mm到16mm之间。The height of the first support column is between 14mm and 16mm.
所述第二支撑柱的高度在15mm到17mm之间。The height of the second support column is between 15mm and 17mm.
所述馈电探针套筒均匀分布的圆周,直径在44mm到48mm之间,所述馈电探针套筒的金属座的一端的金属柱高度在7mm到9mm之间,金属座的圆柱腔体部分高度在5mm到7mm之间。The diameter of the evenly distributed circumference of the feeding probe sleeve is between 44mm and 48mm, the height of the metal column at one end of the metal seat of the feeding probe sleeve is between 7mm and 9mm, and the cylindrical cavity of the metal seat The body part height is between 5mm and 7mm.
所述馈电探针内芯直径在1.5mm到3mm之间,长度8mm到10mm之间。The diameter of the inner core of the feeding probe is between 1.5mm and 3mm, and the length is between 8mm and 10mm.
所述填充物采用聚酰亚胺。The filler is polyimide.
本发明与现有技术相比的有益效果是:The beneficial effect of the present invention compared with prior art is:
1、本发明采用套筒结构金属馈电探针对辐射下贴片进行耦合馈电,与传统探针直接连接馈电相比,由于套筒金属馈电探针的电容耦合作用,改善了输入端口的阻抗特性,经过实验验证,这种方式可将天线工作带宽拓展30%~35%,增加天线的频率覆盖范围,能够充分覆盖GPS、BD-2、GALILEO及GLONASS的频率范围;1. The present invention adopts the metal feeding probe of the sleeve structure to couple and feed the patch under radiation. Compared with the direct connection feeding of the traditional probe, the input is improved due to the capacitive coupling effect of the metal feeding probe of the sleeve. The impedance characteristics of the port have been verified by experiments. This method can expand the working bandwidth of the antenna by 30% to 35%, increase the frequency coverage of the antenna, and fully cover the frequency range of GPS, BD-2, GALILEO and GLONASS;
2、星上器件的首要要求就是高可靠性,以往设计的耦合馈电方式在结构设计上不够稳定,本发明将馈电探针穿过并固定在辐射下贴片上,其下端插入填充物聚酰亚胺之内,聚酰亚胺的绝缘性使得馈电探针和金属馈电探针套筒电隔离,从而使馈电探针起到馈电耦合的作用,同时,使用聚酰亚胺还对馈电探针起到了固定作用,防止馈电探针摆动范围过大而导致损坏,而又使得馈电探针在载体振动时可以有弹性形变的空间,大大增强了天线的可靠性。2. The primary requirement of on-board devices is high reliability. The coupling feeding method designed in the past is not stable enough in structural design. In this invention, the feeding probe is passed through and fixed on the patch under radiation, and the lower end is inserted into the filler Within polyimide, the insulation of polyimide makes the feed probe and the metal feed probe sleeve electrically isolated, so that the feed probe can play the role of feed coupling. At the same time, the use of polyimide The amine also plays a role in fixing the feeding probe, preventing the feeding probe from being damaged due to excessive swing range, and allowing the feeding probe to have elastic deformation space when the carrier vibrates, which greatly enhances the reliability of the antenna .
3、通过四点馈电形式形成圆极化,与现有的一点自圆极化和两点馈电形成圆极化相比,四点馈电形式结构对称,能够有效抑制非对称馈电结构带来的不必要的高次模式,提高天线单元传输主模的纯度,在拓展天线单元匹配特性的同时,有效的改善天线单元在宽角域范围内的辐射特性,提高天线单元在宽角域范围内的轴比特性及相位中心特性,为天线单元组阵后的整体增益、相位中心稳定性等特性奠下良好基础。3. Circular polarization is formed through four-point feeding. Compared with the existing one-point self-circular polarization and two-point feeding to form circular polarization, the structure of four-point feeding is symmetrical, which can effectively suppress the asymmetrical feeding structure The unnecessary high-order mode brought by the antenna unit improves the purity of the main mode transmitted by the antenna unit. While expanding the matching characteristics of the antenna unit, it effectively improves the radiation characteristics of the antenna unit in the wide-angle range and improves the antenna unit in the wide-angle domain. The axial ratio characteristics and phase center characteristics within the range lay a good foundation for the overall gain and phase center stability of the antenna unit array.
4、本发明中为了保证天线的工作频率范围足够覆盖GPS、BD-2、GALILEO及GLONASS的频率范围,辐射贴片采用圆形金属片的形式,并且根据天线工作频率,辐射上贴片的直径在68mm到72mm之间,辐射下贴片的直径在99mm到101mm之间。考虑到天线结构的可靠性,辐射贴片的厚度设计为1mm到3mm之间,辐射贴片之间采用金属圆柱连接并固定在反射腔的圆心位置,第二支撑柱的高度在15mm到17mm之间,第一支撑柱的高度在14mm到16mm之间,并且在金属支撑柱与贴片连接部分加大半径保证结构的可靠性。4. In the present invention, in order to ensure that the operating frequency range of the antenna is sufficient to cover the frequency range of GPS, BD-2, GALILEO and GLONASS, the radiation patch adopts the form of a circular metal sheet, and the diameter of the patch on the radiation depends on the operating frequency of the antenna. Between 68mm and 72mm, the diameter of the patch under radiation is between 99mm and 101mm. Considering the reliability of the antenna structure, the thickness of the radiation patch is designed to be between 1mm and 3mm. The radiation patches are connected by metal cylinders and fixed at the center of the reflection cavity. The height of the second support column is between 15mm and 17mm. Between, the height of the first support column is between 14mm and 16mm, and the radius is increased at the connection part between the metal support column and the patch to ensure the reliability of the structure.
四个馈电探针套筒均匀分布在直径为44mm到46mm之间的圆周上来实现四点馈电,其支撑部分高度在在7mm到9mm之间,套筒部分长度在5mm到7mm之间,四个金属馈电探针内芯直径在1.5mm到3mm之间,长度在8mm到10mm之间,以上的设计可以增强套筒形式的馈电探针的电容耦合特性,使得天线的工作频率进一步拓展。为了进一步改善天线宽角域特性,通过适当增加反射腔和辐射上贴片的高度降低馈电探针间的耦合度,将第一支撑柱6的高度在14mm到16mm之间,改善工作状态下天线端口反射系数。Four feeding probe sleeves are evenly distributed on the circumference with a diameter between 44mm and 46mm to realize four-point feeding. The height of the supporting part is between 7mm and 9mm, and the length of the sleeve part is between 5mm and 7mm. The diameter of the inner core of the four metal feeding probes is between 1.5mm and 3mm, and the length is between 8mm and 10mm. The above design can enhance the capacitive coupling characteristics of the feeding probe in the form of a sleeve, so that the operating frequency of the antenna can be further improved. expand. In order to further improve the wide-angle characteristics of the antenna, the coupling between the feeding probes is reduced by appropriately increasing the height of the reflection cavity and the patch on the radiation, and the height of the
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是本发明多模相位中心稳定的掩星天线的阵列布局示意图;Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an array layout of an occultation antenna with a stable multimode phase center of the present invention;
图2是本发明多模相位中心稳定的掩星天线单元的剖面示意图;Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an occultation antenna unit with a stable multimode phase center of the present invention;
图3是本发明多模相位中心稳定的掩星天线套筒形馈电探针布局示意图;Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the sleeve-shaped feeding probe of the multimode phase center stable occultation antenna of the present invention;
图4是本发明多模相位中心稳定的掩星天线套筒形馈电探针剖面示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sleeve-shaped feeding probe for an occultation antenna with stable multi-mode phase center according to the present invention.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
20世纪80年代末,国外开始研究一种新的基于GPS卫星无线电信号探测地球大气环境的方法:无线电掩星测量技术。为了提高掩星探测反演精度,提出了基于全球导航卫星系统(GNSS,Global Navigation Satellite System,该系统包括GPS(Global Positioning System,美国导航卫星系统)、BD-2(北斗,中国导航卫星系统)、GALILEO(欧洲导航卫星系统)以及GLONASS(俄罗斯导航卫星系统))的探测系统。作为掩星探测系统中的关键部件,高精度掩星天线技术已成为当前急需解决的问题。In the late 1980s, foreign countries began to study a new method of detecting the earth's atmospheric environment based on GPS satellite radio signals: radio occultation measurement technology. In order to improve the accuracy of occultation detection and inversion, a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS, Global Navigation Satellite System) is proposed, which includes GPS (Global Positioning System, American Navigation Satellite System), BD-2 (Beidou, Chinese Navigation Satellite System) , GALILEO (European Navigation Satellite System) and GLONASS (Russian Navigation Satellite System)) detection systems. As a key component in the occultation detection system, high-precision occultation antenna technology has become an urgent problem to be solved.
本发明提供了一种多模相位中心稳定的掩星天线,改善了输入端口的阻抗特性,可将天线工作带宽拓展30%~35%,增加天线的频率覆盖范围,能够充分覆盖GPS、BD-2、GALILEO及GLONASS的频率范围,其具体结构如图2所示,本发明多模相位中心稳定的掩星天线主要包括反射腔1、辐射下贴片2、辐射上贴片3、四个金属馈电探针套筒4及其内芯5、第一支撑柱6和第二支撑柱7,馈电探针套筒4又包括金属座42和填充物41,如图4所示,金属座42的一端为金属柱,另一端为金属圆柱腔体,填充物41将金属座42的圆柱腔体填满。The invention provides an occultation antenna with a stable multi-mode phase center, which improves the impedance characteristics of the input port, expands the working bandwidth of the antenna by 30% to 35%, increases the frequency coverage of the antenna, and can fully cover GPS, BD- 2. The frequency range of GALILEO and GLONASS, its specific structure is shown in Figure 2, the multi-mode phase center stable occultation antenna of the present invention mainly includes a
天线辐射片由上下两层构成(辐射下贴片2和辐射上贴片3),下层通过套筒形探针耦合馈电,上层通过下层辐射片耦合馈电,中间靠金属柱支撑;反射腔为圆形碗状结构(底面封闭的金属空心圆柱腔体),高度低于上层辐射片。The antenna radiation sheet is composed of upper and lower layers (radiation
反射腔1是一个底面封闭的金属空心圆柱腔体,直径150mm到160mm左右,高度35到40mm之间,通过适当提高反射腔1的高度可以降低馈电探针间的耦合度,改善工作状态下天线端口反射系数,提高天线低仰角方向增益。The
第二支撑柱7是一个金属圆柱体,直径在8mm到10mm之间,尺寸的选择需要结合天线整体结构可靠性,第二支撑柱7通过螺纹或导电胶连接在反射腔1的内腔底面圆心位置,且其底面圆心与反射腔1的内腔底面圆心对齐,其高度在15mm到17mm之间,该尺寸的选择除保证天线工作频率外,还要保证四个套筒形金属馈电探针的电容耦合馈电。The
四个金属馈电探针套筒4垂直安装在反射腔1的内腔底面上且以反射腔1的内腔底面圆心为圆心,均匀分布在同一圆周上。与传统探针直接连接馈电相比,由于套筒形金属馈电探针的电容耦合作用,改善了输入端口的阻抗特性,经过实验验证,这种方式可将天线工作带宽拓展至30%~35%,增加天线的频率覆盖范围。Four metal
四个套筒形馈电探针布局如图3所示,四馈电探针沿直径为44mm到46mm之间的圆周均匀分布,四个套筒形金属馈电探针剖面如图4所示,四个金属座42一端的金属柱固定在所述反射腔1的内腔底面上且以所述反射腔1的内腔底面圆心为圆心,均匀分布在同一圆周上,金属座42的圆柱腔体内的填充物41与辐射下贴片2接触;The layout of the four sleeve-shaped feeding probes is shown in Figure 3. The four feeding probes are evenly distributed along the circumference with a diameter between 44mm and 46mm. The profile of the four sleeve-shaped metal feeding probes is shown in Figure 4. The metal pillars at one end of the four metal seats 42 are fixed on the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the
所述四个馈电探针内芯5垂直穿过辐射下贴片2并插到填充物41之中且所述馈电探针内芯5与金属座42之间电隔离;馈电探针内芯5与辐射下贴片2之间固定安装,且馈电探针内芯5与所述金属座42同心,支撑部分(金属座42一端的金属柱)高度在在7mm到9mm之间,套筒(金属座42一端的圆柱腔体)部分高度在5mm到7mm之间,四个馈电探针内芯5直径在1.5mm到3mm之间,长度在8mm到10mm之间,金属馈电探针套筒4与其内芯5之间采用聚酰亚胺固定并电隔离。本发明采用四点馈电方式,并且馈入信号幅度相等,相位依次相差90度,实现右旋圆极化,与现有的一点自圆极化和两点馈电形成圆极化相比,由于馈电结构的对称性,可有效抑制不必要的高次模式的传输,提高天线传输主模的纯度,降低天线交叉极化,在拓展天线匹配特性的同时,有效的改善天线在宽角域范围内的辐射特性,提高天线在宽角域范围内的轴比及相位中心特性,为天线单元组阵后的整体增益、相位中心稳定性等特性奠下良好基础。馈入信号可通过一分四功分馈电网络实现,其输出端通过金属芯针与四个馈电探针套筒4直接焊接,并通过螺钉固定在反射腔1背部腔内,形成封闭的天线系统,减小空间辐照等环境对介质材料的影响。The four feeding probe
辐射下贴片2为直径在99mm到101mm之间、厚度1mm~3mm左右的圆形金属薄片且通过螺纹或导电胶连接在第二支撑柱7顶部,与第二支撑柱7同心,辐射下贴片2高于套筒金属馈电探针套筒4的高度且低于反射腔1的腔体高度。辐射上贴片3为直径在68mm到72mm之间、厚度1mm~3mm左右圆形金属薄片且通过螺纹或导电胶连接在第一支撑柱6顶部,辐射上贴片3与第一支撑柱6同心且辐射上贴片3高于反射腔1的腔体高度。The
第一支撑柱6是一个与第二支撑柱7直径相同的金属圆柱体且通过螺纹或导电胶连接在辐射下贴片2上,第一支撑柱6与辐射下贴片2同心,第一支撑柱6的高度在14mm到16mm之间。支撑柱与辐射贴片连接部分采用倒角过渡增大接触面积,增加结构的可靠性。The
辐射贴片采用圆形金属片。辐射上贴片的应用可展宽工作频带,提高方向性,改善端口间的隔离度。下贴片主要实现馈电。The radiation patch adopts a circular metal sheet. The application of the patch on the radiation can broaden the working frequency band, improve the directivity, and improve the isolation between ports. The bottom patch mainly realizes power feeding.
为了实现天线增益覆盖,可以将本发明天线组成天线1×4线性阵列,如图1所示,相邻天线之间的间距相同且均为0.5~0.8倍的天线工作波长。与波束赋形阵列相比,该阵列结构简单,并且4个单元等幅同相馈电,降低了馈电网络的复杂程度,能够更好的保证天线宽频带特性。由于天线单元稳定的宽角域相位中心特性,保证了阵列在一定角域范围内的相位中心特性。In order to achieve antenna gain coverage, the antenna of the present invention can be formed into a 1×4 linear array of antennas, as shown in FIG. 1 , the distance between adjacent antennas is the same and is 0.5 to 0.8 times the working wavelength of the antenna. Compared with the beamforming array, the structure of the array is simple, and the four units are fed with equal amplitude and phase, which reduces the complexity of the feed network and can better ensure the broadband characteristics of the antenna. Due to the stable wide-angle domain phase center characteristics of the antenna unit, the phase center characteristics of the array within a certain angle range are guaranteed.
实施例:Example:
1、反射腔1的腔体高度为35mm,腔体直径160mm;1. The cavity height of the
2、辐射上贴片3的直径为68mm,厚度2mm,辐射上贴片上留有四个圆孔沿同一圆周均匀分布,圆孔直径为6mm,辐射下贴片2的直径为106mm,厚度2mm;2. The diameter of
3、第一支撑柱6的高度为15mm,直径10mm,第二支撑柱7的高度为16mm,直径10mm;第一支撑柱6和第二支撑柱7通过螺纹连接,辐射上贴片3和辐射下贴片2通过第一支撑柱6和第二支撑柱7螺纹压接;3. The height of the
4、四个馈电探针套筒4均匀分布的圆周,直径46mm,四个馈电探针套筒4支撑柱(金属座42一端的金属柱)为高度8mm,直径3mm的金属圆柱,套筒(金属座42一端的圆柱腔体)部分为高度6mm、内径6mm、外径8mm金属圆柱腔体,四个馈电探针内芯5直径2mm,高度8.5mm;4. Four
5、阵列为1×4线阵,各单元间距相等,间距170mm。5. The array is a 1×4 linear array, and the spacing between each unit is equal, and the spacing is 170mm.
经过大量仿真及加工测试,该实施例天线能够充分覆盖GPS、BD-2、GALILEO及GLONASS的频率范围,并且在线阵方向-35度到+35度角域范围内,垂直线阵方向-8度到+8度相位中心稳定度≤2mm,增益高于10dB,轴比小于3dB,该性能优于现有掩星天线。After a large number of simulations and processing tests, the antenna of this embodiment can fully cover the frequency range of GPS, BD-2, GALILEO and GLONASS, and within the range of -35 degrees to +35 degrees in the line array direction, the vertical line array direction is -8 degrees The stability of the phase center to +8 degrees is ≤2mm, the gain is higher than 10dB, and the axial ratio is smaller than 3dB, which is better than the existing occultation antenna.
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