CN102509845B - Multimode occulting antenna with stable phase center - Google Patents
Multimode occulting antenna with stable phase center Download PDFInfo
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- CN102509845B CN102509845B CN201110288643.7A CN201110288643A CN102509845B CN 102509845 B CN102509845 B CN 102509845B CN 201110288643 A CN201110288643 A CN 201110288643A CN 102509845 B CN102509845 B CN 102509845B
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Abstract
A multimode occulting antenna with a stable phase center comprises a reflection cavity, a lower radiation paster, an upper radiation paster, four feed probe sleeves, four feed probe inner cores and two support columns. Each feed probe sleeve comprises a metal seat and filler, one end of the metal seat is a metal column, the other end of the metal seat is a cylindrical metal cavity, and the filler is used for filling the cylindrical cavity of the metal seat. The sleeve-shaped probes are coupled with feed through four points, probes are uniformly distributed on the circumference, an aerial radiation paster consists of an upper layer and a lower layer, the lower layer is coupled with the feed through the sleeve-shaped probes, the upper layer is coupled with the feed through the lower radiation paster, the middle is supported by the metal support columns, and the reflection cavity is of a round bowl-shaped structure and higher than the upper radiation paster. The occulting antenna is excellent in performance and structure, simple and reliable in process, wide in frequency band, capable of meeting use requirements of a GPS (global positioning system), BD-2, GALILEO and GLONASS, wide in beam coverage, high in gain, stable in phase center, excellent in axial ratio performance, and applicable to a precise obscuration detection system and other high-precision detection systems.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the stable occultation antenna of a kind of multimode phase center, be applicable to aircraft LEO occultation and other detected with high accuracy systems such as accurate satellite, unmanned plane, dirigible, belong to detected with high accuracy antenna technical field.
Background technology
Late 1980s, a kind of new method based on gps satellite radio signal detection earth atmosphere environment abroad begins one's study: GPS radio signal is subject to atmospheric refraction impact when passing through earth atmosphere, propagation path bends, cause the signal phase that receiver user receives to produce delay, by measuring these retardations, obtain temperature in atmosphere, pressure, humidity, the information such as electron density, this method is called as Radio Occultation measuring technique, in order to improve LEO occultation inversion accuracy, proposed based on GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite System) (GNSS, Global Navigation Satellite System) detection system.As the critical component in LEO occultation system, high accuracy occultation antenna technology has become current urgent problem.
Occultation antenna is a kind of broad beam antenna, requires antenna within the scope of wide angular domain, to have higher gain and stable phase center.Occultation antenna adopts beam-shaped antenna formation formula more at present, by the variation of each cell input signal phase place of aerial array is carried out to wave beam forming to antenna, reaches the object of broadening wave beam.The advantage of this antenna is can realize various special shape directional diagrams by each array element phase place variation of antenna to cover, but beam-shaped antenna battle array need to realize to each array element of antenna the signal excitation of out of phase, cause antenna feeding network complicated, antenna array phase place within the scope of wide angular domain changes greatly, phase center poor stability, need to carry out accurately phase center demarcates, and because phase-shift network bandwidth is narrower, greatly limit the overall bandwidth of antenna, can not fully cover the frequency range of GPS, BD-2, GALILEO and GLONASS.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the present invention is dealt with problems and is: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of multimode phase center stable occultation antenna, phase center is stable, structure and processing technology simple, be applicable to the aircraft such as satellite, unmanned plane, dirigible.
Technical solution of the present invention is:
The occultation antenna that multimode phase center is stable, comprises under reflection cavity, radiation paster, four feed probes sleeves, four feed probes inner cores, the first support column and the second support columns in paster, radiation; Described feed probes sleeve comprises again metal pedestal and filler, and one end of metal pedestal is metal column, and the other end is metal cylinder cavity, and filler fills up the cylindrical cavity of metal pedestal;
Described reflection cavity is the hollow metal cylinder cavity of a bottom surface sealing, described the second support column is a metal cylinder, and described the second support column is arranged on the inner chamber bottom surface home position of reflection cavity, align with the center of circle, inner chamber bottom surface of described reflection cavity in the center of circle, bottom surface of described the second support column, under described radiation, paster is circular foil member and is arranged on described the second support column top, under radiation, paster is concentric with the second support column, and under radiation, the height of paster is lower than the housing depth of described reflection cavity; Described the first support column is a metal cylinder and is arranged under described radiation on paster, concentric with paster under described radiation; In described radiation, paster is circular foil member and is arranged on described the first support column top, with paster in the concentric and described radiation of the first support column higher than the housing depth of described reflection cavity;
The metal column of four metal pedestal one end is fixed on the inner chamber bottom surface of described reflection cavity and take the center of circle, inner chamber bottom surface of described reflection cavity is the center of circle, is evenly distributed on same circumference, and the filler in the cylindrical cavity of metal pedestal contacts with paster under radiation;
Described four feed probes inner cores are vertically through paster under radiation and be inserted into electricity isolation among filler and between described feed probes inner core and metal pedestal; Under feed probes inner core and radiation, between paster, fixedly mount, and feed probes inner core is concentric with described metal pedestal.
In described radiation the diameter of paster at 68mm between 72mm, thickness at 1mm between 3mm.
Under described radiation the diameter of paster at 99mm between 101mm, thickness at 1mm between 3mm.
The height of described the first support column at 14mm between 16mm.
The height of described the second support column at 15mm between 17mm.
The equally distributed circumference of described feed probes sleeve, diameter at 44mm between 48mm, the metal column height of one end of the metal pedestal of described feed probes sleeve at 7mm between 9mm, the cylindrical cavity Partial Height of metal pedestal at 5mm between 7mm.
Described feed probes inner core diameter is at 1.5mm between 3mm, and length 8mm is between 10mm.
Described filler adopts polyimides.
The present invention's beneficial effect is compared with prior art:
1, the present invention adopts tube-in-tube structure metal feed probes to the feed that is coupled of paster under radiation, directly being connected feed with conventional probe compares, capacitive coupling effect due to sleeve metal feed probes, improved the impedance operator of input port, through experimental verification, this mode can expand 30%～35% by antenna bandwidth of operation, increases the frequency coverage of antenna, can fully cover the frequency range of GPS, BD-2, GALILEO and GLONASS;
2, on star, the primary requirement of device is exactly high reliability, the coupling feed way of design was stable not in structural design in the past, the present invention passes feed probes be fixed under radiation on paster, within filler polyimides is inserted in its lower end, the insulating properties of polyimides makes feed probes and the isolation of metal feed probes sleeve electricity, thereby make feed probes play the effect of feed coupling, simultaneously, use polyimides also feed probes to be played to fixation, prevent that feed probes hunting range is excessive and cause damaging, and make the space that feed probes can flexible deformation when carrier vibrates, greatly strengthened the reliability of antenna.
3, by four-point feed form, form circular polarization, compare from circular polarization and 2 feeds formation circular polarization with more existing, four-point feed form structure is symmetrical, can effectively suppress the unnecessary higher modes that asymmetric feed structure brings, improve the purity that antenna element transmits main mould, when expanding antenna element matching properties, effectively improve the radiation characteristic of antenna element within the scope of wide angular domain, improve axial ratio characteristic and the phase center characteristic of antenna element within the scope of wide angular domain, for the entire gain after antenna element group battle array, the characteristics such as phase center stability are established lower good basis.
4, in the present invention in order to guarantee that the operating frequency range of antenna enough covers the frequency range of GPS, BD-2, GALILEO and GLONASS, radiation patch adopts the form of circular metal plate, and according to operating frequency of antenna, in radiation the diameter of paster at 68mm between 72mm, under radiation the diameter of paster at 99mm between 101mm.Consider the reliability of antenna structure, the Thickness Design of radiation patch is that 1mm is between 3mm, between radiation patch, adopt metal cylinder to connect and be fixed on the home position of reflection cavity, the height of the second support column at 15mm between 17mm, the height of the first support column, and strengthens radius and guarantees reliability of structure between 16mm at 14mm in metallic support post and paster coupling part.
It is that 44mm realizes four-point feed to the circumference between 46mm that four feed probes sleeves are evenly distributed on diameter, its support section height at 7mm between 9mm, sleeve part length at 5mm between 7mm, four metal feed probes inner core diameter at 1.5mm between 3mm, length at 8mm between 10mm, above design can strengthen the capacitive coupling characteristic of the feed probes of form of sleeve, and the operating frequency of antenna is further expanded.In order further to improve a day live width angular domain characteristic, the height by paster in suitable increase reflection cavity and radiation reduces the degree of coupling between feed probes, by the height of the first support column 6 at 14mm between 16mm, improve antenna port reflects coefficient under operating state.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the array layout schematic diagram of the stable occultation antenna of multimode phase center of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the generalized section of the stable occultation antenna element of multimode phase center of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the stable occultation antenna jacket tubular feed probes schematic layout pattern of multimode phase center of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the stable occultation antenna jacket tubular feed probes generalized section of multimode phase center of the present invention.
Embodiment
Late 1980s, a kind of new method based on gps satellite radio signal detection earth atmosphere environment abroad begins one's study: Radio Occultation measuring technique.In order to improve LEO occultation inversion accuracy, proposed based on GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite System) (GNSS, Global Navigation Satellite System, this system comprises GPS (Global Positioning System, U.S.'s navigational satellite system), BD-2 (Big Dipper, China Navigater satellite system), GALILEO (European navigational satellite system) and GLONASS (Russian navigational satellite system)) detection system.As the critical component in LEO occultation system, high accuracy occultation antenna technology has become current urgent problem.
The invention provides the stable occultation antenna of a kind of multimode phase center, improved the impedance operator of input port, antenna bandwidth of operation can be expanded to 30%～35%, increase the frequency coverage of antenna, can fully cover GPS, BD-2, the frequency range of GALILEO and GLONASS, its concrete structure as shown in Figure 2, the stable occultation antenna of multimode phase center of the present invention mainly comprises reflection cavity 1, under radiation, paster 2, in radiation, paster 3, four metal feed probes sleeves 4 and inner core 5 thereof, the first support column 6 and the second support column 7, feed probes sleeve 4 comprises again metal pedestal 42 and filler 41, as shown in Figure 4, one end of metal pedestal 42 is metal column, the other end is metal cylinder cavity, filler 41 fills up the cylindrical cavity of metal pedestal 42.
Aerial radiation sheet is by upper and lower two-layerly forming (under radiation in paster 2 and radiation paster 3), and lower floor is by sleeve shaped probe coupling feed, and upper strata is by lower floor's radiation fin coupling feed, middlely by metal column, supports; Reflection cavity is circular bowl structure (the hollow metal cylinder cavity of bottom surface sealing), and height is lower than upper strata radiation fin.
The second support column 7 is metal cylinders, diameter at 8mm between 10mm, the selection of size need to be in conjunction with antenna overall structure reliability, the second support column 7 is connected to the inner chamber bottom surface home position of reflection cavity 1 by screw thread or conducting resinl, and align with the center of circle, inner chamber bottom surface of reflection cavity 1 in its center of circle, bottom surface, its height is at 15mm between 17mm, and the selection of this size operating frequency of antenna, also will guarantee the capacitive coupling feed of four sleeve shaped metal feed probes except guaranteeing.
Four metal feed probes sleeves 4 are vertically mounted on the inner chamber bottom surface of reflection cavity 1 and take the center of circle, inner chamber bottom surface of reflection cavity 1 is the center of circle, is evenly distributed on same circumference.Directly being connected feed with conventional probe compares, due to the capacitive coupling effect of sleeve shaped metal feed probes, improved the impedance operator of input port, through experimental verification, this mode can be expanded antenna bandwidth of operation to 30%～35%, increases the frequency coverage of antenna.
Four sleeve shaped feed probes layouts as shown in Figure 3, four feed probes are that 44mm distributes to the even circumferential between 46mm along diameter, four sleeve shaped metal feed probes sections as shown in Figure 4, the metal column of four metal pedestal 42 one end is fixed on the inner chamber bottom surface of described reflection cavity 1 and take the center of circle, inner chamber bottom surface of described reflection cavity 1 is the center of circle, be evenly distributed on same circumference, the filler 41 in the cylindrical cavity of metal pedestal 42 contacts with paster under radiation 2;
Described four feed probes inner cores 5 are vertical through paster 2 under radiation and be inserted into electricity among filler 41 and between described feed probes inner core 5 and metal pedestal 42 and isolate; Fixed installation between paster 2 under feed probes inner core 5 and radiation, and feed probes inner core 5 is concentric with described metal pedestal 42, support section (metal columns of metal pedestal 42 one end) height at 7mm between 9mm, sleeve (cylindrical cavities of metal pedestal 42 one end) Partial Height at 5mm between 7mm, four feed probes inner core 5 diameters at 1.5mm between 3mm, length between 10mm, adopts the isolation of the fixing also electricity of polyimides at 8mm between metal feed probes sleeve 4 and its inner core 5.The present invention adopts four-point feed mode, and FD feed amplitude equates, phase place differs 90 degree successively, realize right-handed circular polarization, compare from circular polarization and 2 feeds formation circular polarization with more existing, symmetry due to feed structure, can effectively suppress the transmission of unnecessary higher modes, improve the purity of the main mould of antenna transmission, reduce antenna cross-polarization, when expanding antenna match characteristic, effectively improve the radiation characteristic of antenna within the scope of wide angular domain, improve axial ratio and the phase center characteristic of antenna within the scope of wide angular domain, for the entire gain after antenna element group battle array, the characteristics such as phase center stability are established lower good basis.FD feed can divide feeding network to realize by one minute four merit, its output directly welds by metal-cored pin and four feed probes sleeves 4, and be fixed by screws in reflection cavity 1 chamber back, form the antenna system of sealing, reduce the impacts of environment on dielectric material such as space irradiation.
Under radiation paster 2 for diameter 99mm between 101mm, the circular foil member of thickness 1mm～3mm left and right and be connected to the second support column 7 tops by screw thread or conducting resinl, concentric with the second support column 7, under radiation, paster 2 is higher than the height of sleeve metal feed probes sleeve 4 and lower than the housing depth of reflection cavity 1.In radiation paster 3 for diameter 68mm between 72mm, thickness 1mm～3mm left and right circular foil member and be connected to the first support column 6 tops by screw thread or conducting resinl, in radiation paster 3 with the first support column 6 in concentric and radiation paster 3 higher than the housing depth of reflection cavity 1.
The first support column 6 is metal cylinders identical with the second support column 7 diameters and is connected under radiation on paster 2 by screw thread or conducting resinl, and under the first support column 6 and radiation, paster 2 is concentric, the height of the first support column 6 at 14mm between 16mm.Support column and radiation patch coupling part adopt chamfering transition enlarge active surface, increase reliability of structure.
Radiation patch adopts circular metal plate.In radiation, the application of paster can broadening working band, improves directivity, improves the isolation between port.Lower paster is mainly realized feed.
In order to realize antenna gain, cover, antenna sets of the present invention can be become to antenna 1 * 4 linear array, as shown in Figure 1, spacing between adjacent antenna is identical and be the antenna operation wavelength of 0.5～0.8 times.Compare with wave beam forming array, this array structure is simple, and 4 unit constant amplitude homophase feeds, has reduced the complexity of feeding network, can better guarantee antenna broadband character.Due to the stable wide angular domain phase center characteristic of antenna element, guaranteed the phase center characteristic of array within the scope of certain angular domain.
Embodiment:
1, the housing depth of reflection cavity 1 is 35mm, cavity diameter 160mm;
2, in radiation, the diameter of paster 3 is 68mm, and thickness 2mm leaves four circular holes and distributes along same even circumferential on paster in radiation, and Circularhole diameter is 6mm, and under radiation, the diameter of paster 2 is 106mm, thickness 2mm;
3, the height of the first support column 6 is 15mm, diameter 10mm, and the height of the second support column 7 is 16mm, diameter 10mm; The first support column 6 and the second support column 7 are threaded connection, and in radiation, under paster 3 and radiation, paster 2 passes through the first support column 6 and the second support column 7 screw thread crimping;
4, four equally distributed circumference of feed probes sleeve 4, diameter 46mm, four feed probes sleeve 4 support columns (metal columns of metal pedestal 42 one end) are height 8mm, the metal cylinder of diameter 3mm, sleeve (cylindrical cavities of metal pedestal 42 one end) part is height 6mm, internal diameter 6mm, external diameter 8mm metal cylinder cavity, four feed probes inner core 5 diameter 2mm, height 8.5mm;
5, array is 1 * 4 linear array, and each unit interval equates, spacing 170mm.
Through a large amount of emulation and processing test, this embodiment antenna can fully cover the frequency range of GPS, BD-2, GALILEO and GLONASS, and spend within the scope of angular domains to+35 at linear array direction-35 degree, vertical linear array direction-8 degree is to+8 degree Phase center stability≤2mm, gain is higher than 10dB, axial ratio is less than 3dB, and this performance is better than existing occultation antenna.
Claims (6)
1. the stable occultation antenna of multimode phase center, is characterized in that: comprise under reflection cavity (1), radiation paster (3), four feed probes sleeves (4), four feed probes inner cores (5), the first support column (6) and the second support column (7) in paster (2), radiation; Described feed probes sleeve (4) comprises again metal pedestal (42) and filler (41), one end of metal pedestal (42) is metal column, the other end is metal cylinder cavity, filler (41) cylindrical cavity of metal pedestal (42) is filled up and the end face of filler (41) higher than the top of described cylindrical cavity;
Described reflection cavity (1) is the hollow metal cylinder cavity of a bottom surface sealing, described the second support column (7) is a metal cylinder, and described the second support column (7) is arranged on the inner chamber bottom surface home position of reflection cavity (1), align with the center of circle, inner chamber bottom surface of described reflection cavity (1) in the center of circle, bottom surface of described the second support column (7), paster under described radiation (2) is for circular foil member and be arranged on described the second support column (7) top, paster under radiation (2) is concentric with the second support column (7), the height of paster under radiation (2) is lower than the housing depth of described reflection cavity (1), described the first support column (6) is a metal cylinder and is arranged on paster under described radiation (2) above, concentric with paster (2) under described radiation, paster in described radiation (3) is circular foil member and be arranged on described the first support column (6) top, with paster (3) in the concentric and described radiation of the first support column (6) higher than the housing depth of described reflection cavity (1),
The metal column of four metal pedestal (42) one end is fixed on the inner chamber bottom surface of described reflection cavity (1) and take the center of circle, inner chamber bottom surface of described reflection cavity (1) is the center of circle, be evenly distributed on same circumference, the filler (41) in the cylindrical cavity of metal pedestal (42) contacts with paster under radiation (2);
Described four feed probes inner cores (5) vertically through paster (2) under radiation and be inserted among filler (41) and described feed probes inner core (5) and metal pedestal (42) between electricity isolate; Fixed installation between paster (2) under feed probes inner core (5) and radiation, and feed probes inner core (5) is concentric with described metal pedestal (42);
The equally distributed circumference of described feed probes sleeve (4), diameter at 44mm between 48mm, the metal column height of one end of the metal pedestal (42) of described feed probes sleeve (4) at 7mm between 9mm, the cylindrical cavity Partial Height of metal pedestal (42) at 5mm between 7mm;
Described feed probes inner core (5) diameter is at 1.5mm between 3mm, and length 8mm is between 10mm.
2. the stable occultation antenna of a kind of multimode phase center according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the diameter of paster in described radiation (3) at 68mm between 72mm, thickness at 1mm between 3mm.
3. the stable occultation antenna of a kind of multimode phase center according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the diameter of paster under described radiation (2) at 99mm between 101mm, thickness at 1mm between 3mm.
4. the stable occultation antenna of a kind of multimode phase center according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the height of described the first support column (6) at 14mm between 16mm.
5. the stable occultation antenna of a kind of multimode phase center according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the height of described the second support column (7) at 15mm between 17mm.
6. the stable occultation antenna of a kind of multimode phase center according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described filler (41) adopts polyimides.
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| CN111146573A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-05-12 | 中国电波传播研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第二十二研究所） | High-precision navigation antenna designed based on disc excitation cup-shaped antenna |
| CN111600122B (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2022-12-30 | 中天宽带技术有限公司 | Patch antenna |
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| US5969684A (en) * | 1998-05-13 | 1999-10-19 | Ace Technology Co., Ltd. | Capacitive coupled extendable antenna for portable communication devices |
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| CN102013549B (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2013-05-01 | 航天恒星科技有限公司 | Precise GNSS directional antenna |
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| US5969684A (en) * | 1998-05-13 | 1999-10-19 | Ace Technology Co., Ltd. | Capacitive coupled extendable antenna for portable communication devices |
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