CN102508309A - Method for detecting coal field fire district distribution range - Google Patents
Method for detecting coal field fire district distribution range Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004868 gas analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 61
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
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- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052704 radon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N radon atom Chemical compound [Rn] SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种探测煤田火区分布范围的方法，尤其适用于煤田火灾分布范围和发展程度的探测。 The invention relates to a method for detecting the distribution range of coalfield fires, and is especially suitable for detecting the distribution range and development degree of coalfield fires.
背景技术 Background technique
在我国新疆、内蒙古、山西、宁夏、甘肃、青海等省（自治区）存在大量的煤田火区。大量煤田火灾的存在不仅直接烧毁不可再生的煤炭资源，还间接造成数十倍的呆滞资源不能开采，并直接威胁煤矿的安全生产和当地的生态环境与地下水资源。据不完全统计，我国每年因煤火烧损煤量达1000万t，经济损失超过200亿。为实现煤火的高效治理，减少资源的损失和对环境的污染，对火区的有效探测是关键。 In my country's Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Ningxia, Gansu, Qinghai and other provinces (autonomous regions), there are a large number of coalfield fire areas. The existence of a large number of coalfield fires not only directly burns non-renewable coal resources, but also indirectly causes dozens of times of sluggish resources to be unavailable, and directly threatens the safe production of coal mines and the local ecological environment and groundwater resources. According to incomplete statistics, the amount of coal burned by coal fires in my country reaches 10 million tons every year, and the economic loss exceeds 20 billion. In order to achieve efficient control of coal fires and reduce resource loss and environmental pollution, effective detection of fire areas is the key.
国内外用于煤田火区探测的方法主要有钻孔测温法、磁法、测氡法和遥感法等。钻孔测温法通过在火区施工钻孔后，采用热电偶、红外测温仪等测温仪器测试钻孔内温度，根据钻孔温度的高低来判别火区的分布与发展程度；该方法是一种最直接的方法，但由于煤岩的导热性较差，为实现火区的较准确探测，需在整个探测区密集施工钻孔（一般孔距小于10m），其工作量大，成本高；磁法通过探测火区烧变岩生成的热剩磁来圈定火区边界，但烧变岩一般只有在温度高于400℃后才能产生显著热剩磁，对于400℃以下的区域由于其生成的热剩磁较低，导致探测精度较差；因此，该方法无法满足400℃以下区域的探测要求。测氡法通过对探测区氡元素的探测判别煤田火区的分布情况，认为氡元素的浓度越大火区发展程度越严重，但是在实际探测过程中氡元素的多少受探测区地层厚度、含水量、裂隙发育程度等的影响较大，导致该方法探测精度较低；遥感法适用于地表有温度明显异常的火区探测，不适用于地表温度显现不明显的火区探测。 The domestic and foreign methods used to detect coal fires mainly include borehole temperature measurement, magnetic method, radon measurement method and remote sensing method. The borehole temperature measurement method uses thermocouples, infrared thermometers and other temperature measuring instruments to test the temperature in the borehole after drilling in the fire area, and judges the distribution and development degree of the fire area according to the temperature of the borehole; this method It is the most direct method, but due to the poor thermal conductivity of coal and rock, in order to achieve a more accurate detection of the fire area, it is necessary to intensively drill holes in the entire detection area (generally, the hole spacing is less than 10m), and the workload is large and the cost is high. High; the magnetic method delineates the boundary of the fire area by detecting the thermal remanence generated by the burnt rock in the fire area, but the burnt rock can generally produce significant thermal remanence only when the temperature is higher than 400 °C. For the area below 400 °C due to its The generated thermal remanence is low, resulting in poor detection accuracy; therefore, this method cannot meet the detection requirements in regions below 400°C. The radon measurement method judges the distribution of coalfield fire areas through the detection of radon elements in the detection area. It is believed that the greater the concentration of radon elements, the more serious the development of fire areas. , the development degree of fissures, etc. are greatly affected, resulting in low detection accuracy of this method; the remote sensing method is suitable for the detection of fire areas with obvious temperature anomalies on the surface, but not suitable for the detection of fire areas with inconspicuous surface temperature.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
技术问题：本发明的目的是克服已有技术中的不足，提供一种操作简便、使用成本低、测试精度高的煤田火区探测方法。 Technical problem: The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and provide a coalfield fire area detection method that is easy to operate, low in use cost, and high in testing accuracy.
技术方案：本发明探测煤田火区分布范围的方法，在探测区采用地质雷达或瞬变电磁仪对探测区的煤岩松散区进行圈定，在圈定的煤岩松散区内间隔施工测气钻孔，对钻孔内的气样采集分析，根据气样中CO、C2H2和C2H4的成分及浓度判别探测区煤田火区的分布范围与发展程度，具体步骤包括： Technical solution: The method for detecting the distribution range of coalfield fire areas in the present invention uses geological radar or transient electromagnetic instrument to delineate the loose coal and rock areas in the detection area, and constructs gas measuring boreholes at intervals in the delineated loose coal and rock areas , collect and analyze the gas samples in the borehole, and judge the distribution range and development degree of the coalfield fire area in the detection area according to the composition and concentration of CO, C 2 H 2 and C 2 H 4 in the gas samples. The specific steps include:
a. 对于煤层埋深≤30m的煤田火探测区采用地质雷达测试电磁波在探测区煤岩体中的振幅变化，根据地质雷达电磁波在煤岩松散区因振幅差异引起电磁波紊乱的特征，圈定探测区煤岩松散区的分布范围； a. For the coalfield fire detection area where the coal seam depth is less than or equal to 30m, the ground radar is used to test the amplitude change of the electromagnetic wave in the coal rock mass in the detection area. The distribution range of loose coal and rock areas;
对于埋深＞30m的煤田火探测区采用瞬变电磁仪测试探测区煤岩体产生的二次感生电磁场变化，根据瞬变电磁仪测试的二次感生电磁场在煤岩松散区强度较低的特征，圈定探测区煤岩松散区的分布范围； For the coalfield fire detection area with a buried depth > 30m, the transient electromagnetic instrument is used to test the change of the secondary induced electromagnetic field generated by the coal and rock mass in the detection area. According to the transient electromagnetic instrument, the intensity of the secondary induced electromagnetic field is lower in the loose coal and rock area. The characteristics of the delineation of the distribution range of the loose coal and rock area in the detection area;
b.在圈定的煤岩松散区内间隔施工测气钻孔，采用气袋对钻孔内的气体采样，分析钻孔内气体的CO、C2H2和C2H4成分及浓度； b. Construct gas measuring boreholes at intervals in the delineated loose coal and rock areas, use air bags to sample the gas in the boreholes, and analyze the CO, C 2 H 2 and C 2 H 4 components and concentrations of the gas in the boreholes;
c.根据气体分析结果制作出CO、C2H2和C2H4浓度的等值线图，根据CO、C2H2和C2H4浓度大小判断火区范围和发展程度，CO浓度小的区域为火区的边缘，CO、C2H2和C2H4浓度大的区域为火区发展严重的区域。 c. According to the results of gas analysis, make a contour map of the concentration of CO, C 2 H 2 and C 2 H 4 , and judge the scope and development of the fire area according to the concentration of CO, C 2 H 2 and C 2 H 4 , and the concentration of CO The small area is the edge of the fire area, and the area with high concentration of CO, C 2 H 2 and C 2 H 4 is the area where the fire area develops seriously.
所述在煤岩松散区内间隔施工的测气钻孔的孔间距为10 m~30 m。 The hole spacing of the gas measuring boreholes constructed at intervals in the loose coal and rock area is 10 m to 30 m.
有益效果：本发明根据煤田火只有在松散煤岩区才能发生的特点，对煤层埋深≤30m的煤田火探测区采用地质雷达对探测区电磁波的振幅进行测试，根据地质雷达电磁波在煤岩松散区因振幅差异引起电磁波紊乱的特征，圈定煤层埋深≤30m的探测区煤岩松散区的分布范围；对煤层埋深＞30m的探测区采用瞬变电磁仪对探测区二次感生电磁场进行测试，根据煤岩松散区二次感生电磁场强度较低的特征，圈定煤层埋深＞30m的探测区煤岩松散区的分布范围；通过对煤岩松散区的圈定，避免了常规钻孔探测法施工探测钻孔时大量钻孔施工在探测区内不会发生煤田火的煤岩实体区的缺陷，大幅增加了施工探测钻孔的针对性和减少了钻孔的工程量。在对可能发生煤火的煤岩松散区探测的基础上，通过在探测松散区施工测气钻孔，对钻孔内的气体采集分析，依据煤田火发生过程中随着煤体温度的升高其CO、C2H2和C2H4气体产物浓度越来越大的对应关系作探测区气体浓度分布等值线，CO浓度较小的区域为煤体温度较低的区域即火区的边缘，CO、C2H2和C2H4的浓度较大的区域为煤体温度较高的区域即火区发展较严重的区域。本发明与磁探测方法相比适用于煤田火所处的各个温度区域的探测；与遥感法相比由于有针对性的施工了探测钻孔，所以适用于地表温度显现不明显的火区探测；同时，有针对性的施工了探测钻孔，也避免了测氡法探测时受地层等条件影响的因素；因此，本发明不仅解决了常规测试方法的缺陷，还大幅降低了探测钻孔数量，探测成本低，测试精度高，适用性更强。 Beneficial effects: According to the characteristic that coalfield fires can only occur in loose coal rock areas, the present invention uses geological radar to test the amplitude of electromagnetic waves in the detection area for coal fire detection areas where the coal seam depth is less than or equal to 30m. Due to the characteristics of electromagnetic wave disturbance caused by the difference in amplitude, the distribution range of the loose coal rock area in the detection area with a coal seam buried depth ≤ 30m is delineated; for the detection area with a coal seam buried depth > 30m, a transient electromagnetic instrument is used to measure the secondary induced electromagnetic field in the detection area In the test, according to the characteristics of the low secondary induced electromagnetic field intensity in the coal-rock loose area, the distribution range of the coal-rock loose area in the detection area with a coal seam buried depth > 30m is delineated; through the delineation of the coal-rock loose area, conventional drilling detection is avoided During the method of construction and detection drilling, a large number of drilling constructions will not cause defects in the coal and rock solid area of the coalfield fire in the detection area, which greatly increases the pertinence of the construction detection drilling and reduces the amount of drilling work. Based on the detection of loose coal rock areas where coal fires may occur, through the construction of gas measurement boreholes in the detection loose areas, the gas collection and analysis in the boreholes, according to the increase of coal body temperature during the coalfield fire occurrence process The corresponding relationship between the increasing concentration of CO, C 2 H 2 and C 2 H 4 gas products is used as the contour line of gas concentration distribution in the detection area, and the area with lower CO concentration is the area with lower coal body temperature, that is, the fire area. At the edge, the area with higher concentration of CO, C 2 H 2 and C 2 H 4 is the area with higher coal body temperature, that is, the area where the fire zone develops more seriously. Compared with the magnetic detection method, the present invention is applicable to the detection of various temperature regions where coalfield fires are located; compared with the remote sensing method, due to the targeted construction of detection boreholes, it is suitable for the detection of fire regions where the surface temperature is not obvious; at the same time , targeted construction of detection boreholes, and also avoids the factors affected by stratum and other conditions during radon detection; therefore, the present invention not only solves the defects of conventional testing methods, but also greatly reduces the number of detection boreholes, and detects The cost is low, the test accuracy is high, and the applicability is stronger.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
实施例1、本发明探测煤田火区分布范围的方法，在探测区采用地质雷达或瞬变电磁仪对探测区的煤岩松散区进行圈定，在圈定的煤岩松散区内间隔施工测气钻孔，对钻孔内的气样采集分析，根据气样中CO、C2H2和C2H4的成分及浓度判别探测区煤田火区的分布范围与发展程度，具体步骤如下： Embodiment 1, the present invention detects the method for the distribution scope of coalfield fire area, adopts geological radar or transient electromagnetic instrument to delineate the coal rock loose area in the detection area in the detection area, and constructs the gas measuring drill at intervals in the delineated coal rock loose area The gas samples in the borehole are collected and analyzed, and the distribution range and development degree of the coalfield fire area in the detection area are judged according to the composition and concentration of CO, C 2 H 2 and C 2 H 4 in the gas sample. The specific steps are as follows:
a. 对于煤层埋深≤30m的煤田火探测区，采用地质雷达测试电磁波在探测区煤岩体中的振幅变化，根据地质雷达电磁波在煤岩松散区因振幅差异引起电磁波紊乱的特征，圈定探测区煤岩松散区的分布范围；测试时地质雷达发射天线中心频率采用100MHz，测线间距设置为10m，每0.1m采集一个地下电磁波数据；对探测区采集的地质雷达电磁波数据进行滤波、校正、增益等处理后，探测区数据剖面图像上电磁波紊乱的区域圈定为火区煤岩松散区； a. For the coalfield fire detection area where the coal seam depth is less than or equal to 30m, use the ground radar to test the amplitude change of the electromagnetic wave in the coal rock mass in the detection area, and delineate the detection according to the characteristics of the electromagnetic wave disturbance caused by the amplitude difference of the ground radar electromagnetic wave in the coal rock loose area. The distribution range of the loose coal and rock area in the area; the center frequency of the geological radar transmitting antenna is 100MHz during the test, the measuring line spacing is set to 10m, and one underground electromagnetic wave data is collected every 0.1m; the geological radar electromagnetic wave data collected in the detection area is filtered, corrected, After gain and other processing, the area of electromagnetic wave disorder on the data profile image of the detection area is delineated as the loose coal rock area of the fire area;
b.在圈定的煤岩松散区内间隔施工测气钻孔，根据煤岩松散区的分布情况，间隔施工的测气钻孔的孔间距为10 m~30 m，采用气袋对钻孔内的气体采样，分析钻孔内气体的CO、C2H2和C2H4成分及浓度； b. Construct gas-measuring boreholes at intervals in the delineated coal-rock loose area. According to the distribution of coal-rock loose areas, the spacing of the gas-measuring boreholes constructed at intervals is 10 m~30 m. gas sampling, analyze the composition and concentration of CO, C 2 H 2 and C 2 H 4 in the gas in the borehole;
c.根据气体分析结果制作出CO、C2H2和C2H4浓度的等值线图，根据CO、C2H2和C2H4浓度大小判断火区范围和发展程度，CO浓度小的区域为火区的边缘，CO、C2H2和C2H4浓度大的区域为火区发展严重的区域。 c. According to the results of gas analysis, make a contour map of the concentration of CO, C 2 H 2 and C 2 H 4 , and judge the scope and development of the fire area according to the concentration of CO, C 2 H 2 and C 2 H 4 , and the concentration of CO The small area is the edge of the fire area, and the area with high concentration of CO, C 2 H 2 and C 2 H 4 is the area where the fire area develops seriously.
实施例2：与实施例基本相同，相同之处略。对于埋深＞30m的煤田火探测区采用瞬变电磁仪测试探测区煤岩体产生的二次感生电磁场变化，根据瞬变电磁仪测试的二次感生电磁场在煤岩松散区强度较低的特征，圈定探测区煤岩松散区的分布范围；测试时瞬变电磁仪测试线距为10m，点距5m，异常复杂地段加密到2.5m；对探测区采集到的二次感生电磁场进行滤波、校正、时深转换等处理后，探测区二次感生电磁场较低的区域圈定为火区煤岩松散区；在圈定的火区煤岩松散区内，根据煤岩松散区的分布情况，施工孔距为10m~30m的测气钻孔，利用气袋对钻孔内气体采样，分析钻孔内气体的CO、C2H2、C2H4成分及浓度。然后根据气体分析结果作CO、C2H2、C2H4浓度等值线图，图中CO浓度小的区域为火区的边缘，CO、C2H2和C2H4浓度大的区域为火区发展严重的区域。 Embodiment 2: It is basically the same as the embodiment, and the similarities are omitted. For the coalfield fire detection area with a buried depth > 30m, the transient electromagnetic instrument is used to test the change of the secondary induced electromagnetic field generated by the coal and rock mass in the detection area. According to the transient electromagnetic instrument, the intensity of the secondary induced electromagnetic field is lower in the loose coal and rock area. To delineate the distribution range of the loose coal and rock area in the detection area; during the test, the test line distance of the transient electromagnetic instrument is 10m, the point distance is 5m, and the abnormally complicated section is encrypted to 2.5m; the secondary induced electromagnetic field collected in the detection area is analyzed. After filtering, correction, time-depth conversion, etc., the area with a lower secondary induced electromagnetic field in the detection area is delineated as the loose coal and rock area in the fire area; within the delineated loose coal and rock area in the fire area, according to the distribution of the loose coal and rock area , construct gas measuring boreholes with a hole spacing of 10m~30m, use air bags to sample the gas in the borehole, and analyze the CO, C 2 H 2 , C 2 H 4 components and concentrations of the gas in the borehole. Then draw the contour map of CO, C 2 H 2 , and C 2 H 4 concentrations according to the gas analysis results . The area is the area where the fire area develops seriously.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105588870A (en) * | 2016-01-04 | 2016-05-18 | 中国矿业大学 | Device and method for detecting fire zone of coal field on basis of sulfur isotope component ratio |
| CN106679207A (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-05-17 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for extracting heat energy of underground high-temperature area of coal field fire area |
| CN107780971A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-03-09 | 新疆维吾尔自治区煤田灭火工程局 | A kind of magnetoelectricity heat becomes the coal-field fire detection method in source step by step |
| CN108896430A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-11-27 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of re-ignition anticipation test method that coal-field fire is administered |
| CN109540337A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-03-29 | 陕西陕煤铜川矿业有限公司 | A kind of Novel temperature measuring device |
| CN113805248A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-12-17 | 中煤科工集团沈阳研究院有限公司 | Comprehensive detection method for spontaneous combustion area of coal mine |
| CN118883144A (en) * | 2024-09-06 | 2024-11-01 | 山东昆嵛路桥工程有限公司 | Highway construction quality detection device and method |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105588870A (en) * | 2016-01-04 | 2016-05-18 | 中国矿业大学 | Device and method for detecting fire zone of coal field on basis of sulfur isotope component ratio |
| CN105588870B (en) * | 2016-01-04 | 2018-07-20 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of coal-field fire detection device and method based on sulfur isotope component ratio |
| CN106679207A (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-05-17 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for extracting heat energy of underground high-temperature area of coal field fire area |
| WO2018126573A1 (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2018-07-12 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for extracting thermal energy of underground high temperature area of coal field fire zone |
| US10816241B2 (en) | 2017-01-09 | 2020-10-27 | China University Of Mining And Technology | Method for extracting thermal energy in underground high temperature area of coalfield fire area |
| CN107780971A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-03-09 | 新疆维吾尔自治区煤田灭火工程局 | A kind of magnetoelectricity heat becomes the coal-field fire detection method in source step by step |
| CN108896430A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-11-27 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of re-ignition anticipation test method that coal-field fire is administered |
| CN109540337A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-03-29 | 陕西陕煤铜川矿业有限公司 | A kind of Novel temperature measuring device |
| CN113805248A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-12-17 | 中煤科工集团沈阳研究院有限公司 | Comprehensive detection method for spontaneous combustion area of coal mine |
| CN113805248B (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2024-03-15 | 中煤科工集团沈阳研究院有限公司 | Comprehensive detection method for spontaneous combustion area of coal mine |
| CN118883144A (en) * | 2024-09-06 | 2024-11-01 | 山东昆嵛路桥工程有限公司 | Highway construction quality detection device and method |
| CN118883144B (en) * | 2024-09-06 | 2025-04-01 | 山东昆嵛路桥工程有限公司 | Highway construction quality detection device and method |
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