CN102508073B - Load test device for large-power frequency converter adopting front active end - Google Patents
Load test device for large-power frequency converter adopting front active end Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a load test device for a large-power frequency converter adopting a front active end. The main technical characteristics are that: the load test device comprises a frequency convertor, a reactor and a direct-current power supply; the reactor is connected between a rectification unit and an inversion unit of the frequency convertor; the front active end is adopted by the rectification unit; and the direct-current power supply is connected with the middle direct-current side of the frequency convertor to ensure that the rectification unit, the middle direct current side, the inversion unit, and the reactor form a power loop. The load test device has reasonable design, and can be implemented by only one reactor with small capacity, and an externally connected power supply with small capacity; and other power consumption except loss on a power device and a line is avoided in the whole test process, and large-power current can pass through the frequency convertor only taking a small amount of energy from a power grid, so that the function that a power grid with small capacity is subjected to load test of the large-power frequency converter can be realized, and the load test device has the advantages of simple structure, accurate test result, few auxiliary appliance and the like and is easy to implement.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to frequency converter field, especially a kind of high-power frequency converter load testing apparatus that adopts Active Front End.
Background technology
Variable-frequency control technique has become industrial circle saves energy and reduce the cost, improves technological process, improves the quality of products and improve a kind of important means of environment, Promote Technology.In recent years, along with continuing to bring out of device for high-power power electronic, frequency converter single-machine capacity increases very rapid, and all kinds of MW class frequency converters have been widely used in large scale industry production equipment.
In order to guarantee the reliability of big-power transducer equipment, in its design, research and production process, need its parts or entirety to carry out experimental test, in the time that frequency inverter capacity is larger, very difficult to the test of large-capacity transducer.Common inverter load method of testing comprises: separate unit slip electric motor stall method, asynchronous machine slippage are to dragging method, exchanging unit to dragging method and alternating current-direct current unit to dragging method etc., adopt these methods need to provide motor and the corresponding controller that power matches to form load unit, it is installed, debugging is very inconvenient, and also very high to the requirement of test site and power supply capacity.Although said method all can be realized the electric energy feedback of frequency converter to be measured, because intermediate link is more, it is complicated to connect, therefore the energy loss of mechanical part is also larger, adds the electric energy consuming on motor and controller, need to take relatively high power from electrical network.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide that a kind of test method is simple, test findings accurately and only need take from electrical network the high-power frequency converter load testing apparatus of the employing Active Front End of less energy.
The present invention solves its technical matters and takes following technical scheme to realize:
A kind of high-power frequency converter load testing apparatus that adopts Active Front End, comprise frequency converter, reactor and direct supply, this reactor is connected between the rectification unit and inversion unit of frequency converter, this direct supply is connected to frequency converter intermediate dc side, makes rectification unit, intermediate dc side, inversion unit and reactor form loop of power circuit.
And described frequency converter adopts Active Front End as rectification unit, its structure is two level or many level AC-DC-AC structure, and the device for power switching that this frequency converter uses is IGBT or IGCT.
And described reactor capacity is less than 20% of frequency inverter capacity.
And described direct supply is taken from electrical network, its effect is that capacity is less than 5% of frequency inverter capacity for the active loss in test provides energy.
Advantage of the present invention and good effect are:
1, this test unit is connected to reactor as load between rectification unit and inversion unit, make power pass through rectification unit, intermediate dc side, inversion unit and load reactance and form loop, whole process of the test is except the loss on power device and circuit, there is no other meritorious consumptions, only need take less energy from electrical network and can make frequency converter flow through relatively high power, thereby realize the function of carrying out high-power frequency converter load testing at low capacity electrical network.
2, this test unit carrys out regulating load electric current by the voltage difference at regulating load reactance two ends, guaranteeing under the prerequisite of current continuity, selectable load reactance capacity is less, its capacity, volume are also all less, solve conventional test method and provide supporting with it motor and mechanical load in order to allow inversion unit export high-power needs, also will consider the problems such as motor is installed, coaxial connection.
3, this test unit is except frequency converter to be tested, only needs a low capacity reactor and an external low capacity direct supply, and therefore, this test unit auxiliary appliance used is few, connect simply, easily realize.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is electrical wiring schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is voltage, the electric current phasor figure of the present invention at test process;
Fig. 3 is that the modulation of inversion unit output voltage involves the waveform schematic diagram of output current in one-period;
Fig. 4 is the circulation path schematic diagram of electric current on brachium pontis of inversion unit in one-period;
Fig. 5 is the test unit power interface line chart as an example of IGCT tri-level medium voltage frequency converters example;
Fig. 6 is voltage, electric current and the active power simulation result schematic diagram of inversion unit side;
Fig. 7 is voltage, electric current and the active power simulation result schematic diagram of rectification unit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the embodiment of the present invention is further described:
Adopt a high-power frequency converter load testing apparatus for Active Front End, realize the load performance test function of AC-DC-AC structure big-power transducer.Voltage, the power factor of frequency converter output are adjustable flexibly, can four-quadrant fictitious load motor working condition.The topological structure of frequency converter to be measured can be two level or many level structure, and the power device that frequency converter uses can be IGCT or IGBT.As shown in Figure 1, adopt the high-power frequency converter load testing apparatus of Active Front End to comprise frequency converter, direct supply and reactor, in the present embodiment, frequency converter is three level mid-point voltage clamper structures, this frequency converter is by rectification unit, intermediate dc side and inversion unit composition, between rectification unit and inversion unit, be connected to an anti-device of capacity small electric as load, make power pass through rectification unit, intermediate dc side, inversion unit and load reactance form loop, reactor capacity between rectification unit and inversion unit is determined according to test demand, conventionally can accomplish to be less than 20% of frequency inverter capacity, the external less direct supply of capacity of intermediate dc side of frequency converter, its capacity is less than 5% of frequency inverter capacity conventionally, this direct supply from electrical network power taking and for test in active loss energy is provided, outside loss due to removal apparatus and circuit in test, there is no other meritorious consumptions, the power of therefore taking from electrical network is less, also less to the impact of electrical network.When test, keep inversion unit output voltage constant, regulate the output voltage of rectification unit side to get final product regulating load reactive current, because reactor induction reactance is selected littlely, its both end voltage does not need mutually far short of what is expectedly can produce larger electric current, makes inversion unit may operate at nominal output; The power factor of exporting by flexible inversion unit, realizes the simulation to different operating modes, loss and the temperature rise of full test frequency converter under different operating modes, and then accurate evaluation device is exerted oneself.
Under the mode of connection shown in Fig. 1, set PWM rectification unit and move in inverter mode, and given its output voltage reference value is
here
represent the phasor form of rectification unit a phase voltage (being the voltage of the relative DC side mid point of a phase terminal O); Similarly, the output voltage reference value of setting inversion unit is
keep
constant, regulate
it is the electric current of the adjustable load reactance of flowing through
and then size and the power factor of control inversion unit output power.If the induction reactance of reactor is selected littlely,
with
only need less deviation just can make
have compared with amplitude, inversion unit can be moved under nominal output.In test process, its voltage, electric current phasor relation as shown in Figure 2, can calculate by the phasor relation in Fig. 2:
Although be noted that the mode of connection of Fig. 1 is for three level topology frequency converters, the solution of the present invention is also applicable to the big-power transducer test of two level or other structures, and the device for power switching of these frequency converters can be IGBT, can be also IGCT.
Key property of apparatus of the present invention is that its inversion side power factor can flexible.Because the temperature rise of transducer power device is closely related with power factor, therefore power factor is adjustable very important to frequency converter device for testing temperature rise.For the impact of explanation power factor on device temperature rise, brief analysis is made in current flowing path when below Diode Clamping Three-Level Inverter work.Fig. 3 has provided the waveform of the interior inverter one phase voltage modulating wave u of one-period and this phase current i, in figure
for power-factor angle, illustrated case shows that now inverter connects inductive load.
1, region
Current path is as shown in Fig. 4 (a).Now modulation voltage is being for just, and load current is for negative, and this phase brachium pontis state of inversion unit is just, switch between zero; V1 and V3 conducting in turn, V2 is always in conducting state; Load current flows into by D1, D2 in the time of positive status, in the time of zero condition, flows into by V3, D6.In said process, in V1, almost do not have electric current to flow through, loss is very little; The existing conduction loss of V3 also has switching loss; , there is conduction loss in sustained diode 1, D2 current flowing in the time of conducting; D1 turn-off time bear back-pressure, there is reverse recovery loss, and D2 turn-off time due to V2 and V3 open-minded, do not bear back-pressure, there is no reverse recovery loss.
2, region
At the current path in this region as shown in Fig. 4 (b).Now modulation voltage is being for just, and load current is being for just, and this phase brachium pontis state of inversion unit is just, switch between zero; V1 and V3 conducting in turn, V2 is always in conducting state; Load current flows out by V1, V2 in the time of positive status, in the time of zero condition, flows out by V2, D5.With region 1) analysis classes seemingly, now the existing conduction loss of V1 also has switching loss, there is conduction loss in V2; D5 bears back-pressure in the time turn-offing, and has reverse recovery loss.
3, region
Current path is as shown in Fig. 4 (c).Now modulation voltage is for negative, and load current is for just, and brachium pontis switches between negative state and zero condition; V2 and V4 conducting in turn, V3 is always in conducting state; Load current flows out by D3, D4 in the time of negative state, in the time of zero condition, flows out by V2, D5.In this region, there is conduction loss and switching loss in V2 pipe; D3 pipe has conduction loss, and D4 manages existing conduction loss again reverse recovery loss.
4, region
Current path is as shown in Fig. 4 (d).Now modulation voltage is for negative, and load current is for negative, this phase brachium pontis state of inversion unit negative, switch between zero; V2 and V4 conducting in turn, V3 is always in conducting state; Load current flows into by V3, V4 in the time of negative state, in the time of zero condition, flows into by V3, D6.In this region, V3, V4 be current flowing in the time of conducting, has conduction loss; V4 is because switch motion also exists switching loss, and D6 exists reverse recovery loss.
Above-mentioned analysis shows: when tri-level inversion cell operation, in power device, the size of current flowing is relevant with power factor, the voltage magnitude of inversion unit output with the time, therefore the temperature rise of device is also relevant with power factor, therefore, adopt this test unit by regulating the power factor of inversion unit output, can loss and the temperature rise of comprehensive test frequency converter under various operating modes, and then accurate evaluation device is exerted oneself.
Below take IGCT tri-level medium voltage frequency converters as example, describe the structure of apparatus of the present invention in detail, as shown in Figure 5, this figure only draws the rectification unit of three-level converter, a wherein phase of inversion unit, the subscript of its power device represents with x, y respectively, and x, y represent any phase in R, S, T three-phase here.Test unit is made up of switch Q1, pressure regulator T1, switch Q11 and Q12, transformer T11 and T12, A and two groups of diode power sources of B, filter capacitor CA and CB, discharge circuit, grounding circuit, load and opertaing device etc.Utilize pressure regulator can adjust the voltage in intermediate dc loop, realize the even measurement of the different electric pressure frequency converters such as high pressure of low pressure, middle pressure.If DC voltage does not need to regulate, T1 can save.A, two groups of rectifier power sources of B can work with two groups of switch Q11 and Q12 gating A group, B group or A and B simultaneously, to meet testing requirements.Electric discharge and ground connection are the equipment of considering for experimental safe.
When test, by Fig. 5 wiring, select load inductance value according to the frequency converter output current of design; Q1, Q11, Q12 close a floodgate; Pressure regulator boosts from zero-bit, and A, B stop boosting while organizing capacitor charging to expectation value; According to the load motor operating condition of hope simulation, frequency converter rectification unit and inversion unit voltage given value are set respectively, make frequency converter steady operation, observation inversion unit output voltage, current waveform, the case temperature of recording power device, the foundation of maximum fan-out capability using temperature rise soprano wherein as frequency converter.
Owing to adopting inductance as temperature rise test load, its active power consumption is very little, in process of the test, device only need be taken little power and compensate from electrical network the meritorious consumption of self, therefore in Fig. 5, the capacity of transformer T1 can be very little, conventionally be less than 5% of device rated capacity, because of but a kind of energy-conservation effective test method is and also very little on the impact of electrical network and other equipment.
In order to verify the feasibility of this invention, the system shown in Fig. 5 is done to simulating, verifying, shown in the following Fig. 6 of simulation result and Fig. 7.Fig. 6 has provided voltage, electric current and the active power simulation result of inversion unit side, wherein, and u
2for the phase voltage waveform of inversion unit output, u
2ffor u
2fundamental waveform, i
lfor the electric current on load reactance device, p
2for the active power instantaneous value of inversion unit output; Fig. 7 has provided voltage, electric current and the active power simulation result of rectification unit, wherein, and u
1for the voltage waveform of the relative DC side mid point of rectification unit a O, i.e. rectification unit a phase voltage modulation waveform; u
1ffor u
1fundamental waveform; i
lfor a phase inductance current waveform; p
1for the instantaneous active power of rectification unit a output, it is the result of calculating in each primitive period.During by emulation, power factor is set as 0.85, and reactor is elected 1mH as.The simulation waveform providing from Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 can find out, frequency converter can normally move under test unit, and waveform when its waveform and drive motor is in full accord.The instantaneous active power of inversion unit output is 2MW, the active power that rectification unit absorbs is 1.98MW, the meritorious overwhelming majority of visible inversion unit output is rectified unit and absorbs, and only has fraction to be converted into line loss, has realized the object of testing high-power device with low capacity electrical network.
It is emphasized that; embodiment of the present invention is illustrative; rather than determinate; therefore the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described in embodiment; every other embodiments that drawn by those skilled in the art's technical scheme according to the present invention, belong to the scope of protection of the invention equally.
Claims (4)
1. one kind adopts the high-power frequency converter load testing apparatus of Active Front End, it is characterized in that: comprise frequency converter, reactor and direct supply, this reactor is connected between the rectification unit and inversion unit of frequency converter, this direct supply is connected to frequency converter intermediate dc side, makes rectification unit, intermediate dc side, inversion unit and reactor form loop of power circuit.
2. the high-power frequency converter load testing apparatus of employing Active Front End according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described frequency converter adopts Active Front End as rectification unit, its structure is two level or many level AC-DC-AC structure, and the device for power switching that this frequency converter uses is IGBT or IGCT.
3. the high-power frequency converter load testing apparatus of employing Active Front End according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described reactor capacity is less than 20% of frequency inverter capacity.
4. the high-power frequency converter load testing apparatus of employing Active Front End according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described direct supply is taken from electrical network, and its effect is that capacity is less than 5% of frequency inverter capacity for the active loss in test provides energy.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104166063A (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2014-11-26 | 深圳市讯茂科技有限公司 | Feedback type alternating-current electronic load used for frequency converter aging test |
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| CN103837765B (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2016-09-14 | 株洲南车时代电气股份有限公司 | Type current transformer power test system and method thereof can be presented |
| CN105067905B (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2018-06-12 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of frequency converter power electronics controllable load method based on gird-connected inverter |
| CN106199242A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-12-07 | 湖南中车特种电气装备有限公司 | A kind of traction convertor pilot system and method |
| CN108614168B (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2020-07-07 | 北京天诚同创电气有限公司 | Full-power test method for power generation field converter |
| CN109283418A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-01-29 | 天津农学院 | A kind of factory power test test method of universal frequency converter |
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Owner name: TIANJIN ELECTRICAL SCIENCE RESEARCH INSTITUTE CO., Free format text: FORMER OWNER: TIANJIN ELECTRIC DRIVE DESIGN RESEARCH INSTITUTE Effective date: 20150806 Owner name: TIANJIN TIANCHUAN ELECTRIC CONTROL EQUIPMENT DETEC Free format text: FORMER OWNER: TIANJIN TIANCHAN ELECTRIC CO., LTD. Effective date: 20150806 |
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Effective date of registration: 20150806 Address after: 300180 Hedong District, Tianjin Jintang Road, No. 174 Patentee after: TIANJIN RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF ELECTRIC SCIENCE CO., LTD. Patentee after: TIANJIN TIANCHUAN ELECTRONIC CONTROL EQUIPMENT TESTING CO., LTD. Address before: 300180 Hedong District, Tianjin Jintang Road, No. 174 Patentee before: Tianjin Electric Transmission Design and Research Institute Patentee before: Tianjin Tianchuan Electrical Co., Ltd. |