CN102506054B - Vehicle suspension ball head pin assembly - Google Patents
Vehicle suspension ball head pin assembly Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102506054B CN102506054B CN 201110242041 CN201110242041A CN102506054B CN 102506054 B CN102506054 B CN 102506054B CN 201110242041 CN201110242041 CN 201110242041 CN 201110242041 A CN201110242041 A CN 201110242041A CN 102506054 B CN102506054 B CN 102506054B
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- bowl
- ball bowl
- cup
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Abstract
The invention provides a vehicle suspension ball head pin assembly, which comprises a ball head seat fixed on an end of a cross arm, a positioning pin block, a lower ball bowl, a ball head pin, a screw plug, an upper ball bowl, a ball bowl pressing cover and a screw plug. The positioning pin block comprises a positioning block and a cylinder forming a fixed connection on the positioning block. The positioning block of the positioning pin block forms a clamped connection in a positioning groove arranged on the outer surface of the lower ball bowl. The cylinder of the positioning pin block is arranged in a positioning hole arranged on a side wall of the lower part of the ball head seat. The inner surface of the positioning hole is provided with threads for installing the screw plug. The positioning pin block is fixed through the screw plug. According to the vehicle suspension ball head pin assembly of the present invention, the positioning groove is arranged on the outer surface of the lower ball bowl, and is matched with the positioning pin block, such that the rotation of the lower ball bowl around the axial line can be limited; two limit positions on the bottom end of the conicalsurface of the lower ball bowl along the ball head pin movement enveloping surface are respectively cut with a gap structure, such that the panning angle of the ball head pin can be increased, and the vehicle suspension ball head pin assembly of the present invention is especially suitable for off-road vehicles with large suspension travel.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the ball stud technical field, specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of vehicle suspension ball head pin assembly.
Background technique
The upper and lower transverse arm that the two transverse arms of present vehicle hang is connected with wheel hub and all adopts the ball stud mode to connect.Ball stud is installed in the ball cup that is arranged on the transverse arm, and its ball head supports with fixing, its pin rod section by upper and lower ball bowl and is exposed to the ball cup outside after passing lower ball bowl and ball cup; Upper ball bowl is being fixed in the transverse arm mounting hole by ball bowl gland one class.
Notice of authorization is number for the model utility of CN 201322041Y discloses a kind of ball stud assembly, and it comprises ball cup; Be contained in the ball stud in the described ball cup, described ball stud has ball head and pin rod section; External bushing is contained in the neck bush in the described external bushing, and described neck bush holds ball cup and the ball head that matches each other; Gland, described gland are arranged on a ball cup end relative with the ball head of coupling, and are connected to the first end of described external bushing; Dust-proof cover, the first end of described dust-proof cover are connected to the second end of external bushing, and the second end of described dust-proof cover is connected to the pin rod section of described ball stud; Be formed with dust-proof cover protection section in the described pin rod section, the second end of described dust-proof cover protection section and described dust-proof cover is adjacent, and the second end of described dust-proof cover can prop up described dust-proof cover protection section.Although utilize above-mentioned ball stud assembly can effectively reduce ball stud assembly destroyed possibility in assembly process, thereby improved the up-to-standard rate of assembling product process, the complicated structure of this ball stud assembly is assembled more loaded down with trivial details.
Notice of authorization is number for the utility model patent of CN 201487027U discloses a kind of ball stud assembly, and it comprises ball stud, ball cup, upper ball bowl, lower ball bowl and hatch lock jack panel; The ball head of described ball stud is between upper ball bowl and lower ball bowl; Described ball cup is provided with inner chamber and lower inner cavity; Described upper ball bowl and lower ball bowl are installed in the upper inner chamber of ball cup; The top of described hatch lock jack panel and lower ball bowl bottom are close to; The axial length of described lower inner cavity is longer than the axial length of hatch lock jack panel.The advantage of this ball stud assembly is: need not the spring-compensating ability, simple in structure, cost of production is low, and Safety performance is good.
Although above-mentioned two pieces of ball studs enumerating all have advantage separately, but still there are following 2 major defects: at first, because the total Chengdu of ball stud is that the fixed block that only passes through hatch lock jack panel one class compresses upper and lower ball bowl mostly, the structure that but positions less than the axial direction to lower ball bowl, so, when transverse arm moves, be difficult to guarantee that lower ball bowl can not rotate around the central shaft of ball cup, can't guarantee the fully location to lower ball bowl; Secondly, lower ball bowl is circular, the pendulum angle less of ball stud, and larger if the transverse arm of vehicle hanging swings up and down amplitude, lower ball bowl may interfere with ball stud.
Therefore, exigence those skilled in the art propose a kind of Novel ball pin assembly that can overcome defects.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the defects of prior art, the invention provides and a kind ofly can limit lower ball bowl and rotate the vehicle suspension ball head pin assembly with good location performance around its axis.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of vehicle suspension ball head pin assembly, upper ball bowl and lower ball bowl that it comprises the ball cup that places transverse arm one end and is installed in the ball cup inner chamber, the ball head of ball stud is between upper ball bowl and lower ball bowl, the pin rod section of ball stud is exposed to the ball cup outside after passing successively lower ball bowl and ball cup, the upper ball bowl upper end that is arranged in the ball cup inner chamber is crimped with a ball bowl gland, this ball bowl gland and ball cup are by the screw Joint, it is characterized in that: this assembly also comprises a location pin block, described location pin block comprises positioning block and the cylindrical body that is fixed on the positioning block, the positioning block of described location pin block is connected in the locating slot that is opened on the lower ball bowl surface face, the cylindrical body of described location pin block is installed in the positioning hole that is opened on the ball cup lower sides, the internal surface of described positioning hole is provided with for the screw thread that plug screw is installed, and by plug screw the location pin block is fixed.
Wherein, the internal surface of described lower ball bowl is sphere, and the outer surface top of lower ball bowl is that cylndrical surface, bottom are conical surface, and a gap has been cut respectively in the conical surface bottom of described lower ball bowl on two limit orientation of ball stud sports envelope face.
Wherein, the internal surface of described ball cup is the cylndrical surface, and this lower end, cylndrical surface is provided with the taper attachment face that matches with the conical surface of lower ball bowl.
Wherein, the internal surface of described upper ball bowl is sphere, and the outer surface top of upper ball bowl is that conical surface, bottom are the cylndrical surface.
Wherein, described ball bowl gland comprises disk and cylinder, and described cylinder is positioned at the lower end of disk, offers a conical surface hole in the cylinder, and described ball bowl gland compresses upper ball bowl on the ball head of ball stud by this conical surface hole; Offer mounting hole on the described disk, it is fixed by screws in the upper end of ball cup.
Wherein, the internal surface top of described ball cup is provided with internal thread, and the outer circumferential face that the bottom of described ball bowl gland is arranged in ball cup and ball bowl gland is provided with the outside thread that matches with the internal thread of ball cup.
Wherein, described positioning block is cuboid, and described locating slot is along the longitudinal direction setting of lower ball bowl, and the width d of described positioning block equates with the width of locating slot.
Wherein, the pin rod section of described ball stud is provided with the screw thread that is connected with hub for vehicle wheel.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The advantage such as that ball stud assembly of the present invention has is simple in structure, locating effect is good, the pin rod section amplitude of fluctuation of ball stud is large.At first, offer locating slot by the outer surface at lower ball bowl, and match with the location pin block, can limit lower ball bowl around the rotation of himself axis; Secondly, on two limit orientation of ball stud sports envelope face, cut respectively a gap by the conical surface bottom at lower ball bowl, compare with traditional lower ball bowl, this structure can make the pivot angle of ball stud increase, and is specially adapted to the larger off-road vehicle of suspension travel.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the mounting mechanism schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is that ball stud assembly of the present invention is installed in the structural representation on the transverse arm
Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional view among Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the B-B sectional view among Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is the ball cup external structure schematic representation that is installed in transverse arm one end;
Fig. 6 is the generalized section (the C-C sectional view among Fig. 5) of ball cup
Fig. 7, Fig. 8 are the perspective view of location pin block;
Fig. 9 is the perspective view of lower ball bowl;
Figure 10 is the plan view of lower ball bowl;
Figure 11 is the left view of lower ball bowl;
Figure 12 is the plan view of lower ball bowl;
Figure 13 is the partial cutaway schematic of ball stud and transverse arm, lower ball bowl relative limit movement position;
Figure 14 is the plan view of ball stud and lower ball bowl relative limit movement position;
Among the figure, the 1-transverse arm, 2-locates pin block, ball bowl under the 3-, the 4-ball stud, 5-plug screw, the upper ball bowl of 6-, 7-ball bowl gland, 8 screws, 9-ball cup, 10-positioning block, 11 cylindrical bodys, the 12-locating slot, 13-positioning hole, 14-gap, 15-sphere, 16 cylndrical surface, 17-conical surface, 18-conical surface hole, 19-locating face, 20-taper attachment face, 21-mounting hole, 22-movement position envelope; The 100-car body, 101-Top Crossbeam, 102-lower cross arm, 103-hub assembly, 104-wheel, 105-spring, 106-vibration damper.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing vehicle suspension ball head pin assembly of the present invention is done further detailed description.
Fig. 1 shows the structural principle schematic representation of two transverse arm mounting mechanismes.As shown in Figure 1, mounting mechanism mainly is comprised of Top Crossbeam 101, lower cross arm 102, wheel 104, spring 105 and vibration damper 106, mounting mechanism and hub assembly 103 and car body 100-rise and form a fourbar linkage, for wheel 104 provides leading role, and car body 100 are provided a supporting role.A, B are the mounting point of ball stud assembly of the present invention among Fig. 1.The present invention is connected with the joint of hub assembly 103 upper and lower transverse arm 101,102 by the ball stud assembly, and ball stud is installed in the ball cup that is arranged in upper and lower transverse arm 101,102 ends by the ball stud assembly.
Such as Fig. 2-shown in Figure 6, ball stud assembly of the present invention comprises and is fixed on transverse arm 1 (this transverse arm can be Top Crossbeam 101, also can be lower cross arm 102, only show the partial schematic diagram of transverse arm among Fig. 2, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5) ball cup 9 of an end, location pin block 2, lower ball bowl 3, ball stud 4, plug screw 5, upper ball bowl 6, ball bowl gland 7 and plug screw 8 form.
The installation process of ball stud assembly of the present invention is as follows:
The below makes introduction to structure, shape and the effect of each parts one by one according to the erection sequence of each parts.
Such as Fig. 5, shown in Figure 6, the internal surface of ball cup 9 is the cylndrical surface, and the lower end of this cylndrical surface is provided with the taper attachment face 20 that matches with conical surface 17 in the lower ball bowl 3; The radius of the cylndrical surface of ball cup 9 equates with the radius of the outer peripheral surface of ball bowl gland 7 bottoms, and the outer peripheral surface of ball bowl gland bottom is provided with outside thread, and the top, cylndrical surface of ball cup is provided with the internal thread that the outside thread on the outer peripheral surface with ball bowl gland 7 bottoms matches, and by said structure ball bowl gland 7 is positioned; Ball cup 9 lower sides are provided with the positioning hole 13 for the cylindrical body 11 that location pin block 2 is installed, in the positioning hole near ball cup by the location pin block respectively with ball cup 9 on positioning hole 13 and the locating slot 12 on the lower ball bowl 3 match, can limit lower ball bowl around the rotation of himself axis, realize locating function; Be useful on the fixedly mounting hole 21 of ball bowl gland 7 by circle distribution on the ball cup 9.The mounting point relation of ball cup 9 and location pin block 2, lower ball bowl 3, ball stud 4, ball bowl gland 7 and plug screw 5 is such as Fig. 2-shown in Figure 3.
What in the present invention, bring into play main positioning action is the cooperating of locating slot formation on location pin block 2 and lower ball bowl 3 external cylindrical surfaces.Such as Fig. 7, shown in Figure 8, location pin block 2 is comprised of a positioning block 10 and the cylindrical body 11 that is fixed on the positioning block, positioning block 10 is cuboid, its width d equates with the locating slot width d of the lower ball bowl 3 shown in Figure 12, two side locating faces 19 of positioning block 10 are cooperated with plane, the locating slot both sides formation of lower ball bowl 3, so just can fix diametrically lower ball bowl, rotate around the central shaft (namely playing the central shaft of ball bowl) of ball cup 9 to prevent lower ball bowl 3; The diameter of cylindrical body 11 equates with positioning hole 13 apertures of ball cup 9 side wall lower ends.As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, the positioning block 10 of location pin block is connected in the locating slot 12 that is opened on lower ball bowl 3 outer surfaces, the cylindrical body 11 of location pin block is inserted in the positioning hole 13 that is opened on ball cup 9 lower sides, the internal surface of positioning hole 13 is provided with for the screw thread that plug screw 5 is installed, and is fixed by 5 pairs of location of plug screw pin block.
Shown in Fig. 9-12, lower ball bowl 3 internal surfaces are spheres, tapered 17 on the top of outer surface, and the outer surface bottom is cylndrical surface 16.Lower ball bowl 3 internal surfaces are sphere, have several oil grooves on it; Be positioned on the cylndrical surface 16 on lower ball bowl surface face top and have a locating slot 12, have positioning hole 13 on the ball cup 9, the cylindrical body 11 of location pin block 2 is installed in the positioning hole of ball cup 9, and positioning block 10 is stuck in the locating slot of lower ball bowl 6.Such as Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5, the internal surface of lower ball bowl 3 is that sphere 15, its lower peripheral surface with ball stud 4 ball heads match, and is used for the lower peripheral surface of supporting ball stud 4 ball heads; The outer surface top of lower ball bowl 3 is cylndrical surface 16, it matches with the inwall (this inwall is the cylndrical surface) of ball cup 9, is used for lower ball bowl is carried out radial location; The outer surface bottom of lower ball bowl 3 is that conical surface 17, its taper attachment face 20 with ball cup 9 inwall lower ends match, and is used for lower ball bowl is supported.
As shown in Figure 3, upper ball bowl 6 and lower ball bowl 3 are installed in the inner chamber of ball cup 9; Ball stud 4 comprises ball head and pin rod section two-part, the ball head of ball stud 4 is between upper ball bowl 6 and lower ball bowl 3, ball head is sphere, and the upper sphere of ball head matches with the internal surface of upper ball bowl 6, and the lower peripheral surface of ball head matches with the internal surface of lower ball bowl 3; The pin rod section of ball stud 4 is exposed to the ball cup outside after passing successively lower ball bowl 3 and ball cup 9; The outer surface that the ball cup outside is exposed by pin rod section is provided with the screw thread that is connected with hub for vehicle wheel.Ball stud 4 concerns shown in Fig. 2-3 with the mounting point of upper ball bowl 6, lower ball bowl 3.
The internal surface of upper ball bowl 6 is sphere, and this inner ball surface matches with the upper sphere of ball stud 3 ball heads.The outer surface top of upper ball bowl 6 is that the conical surface, its inner conical surface with the conical surface hole 18 of ball bowl gland 7 match; The outer surface bottom of upper ball bowl 6 is the cylndrical surface, it forms with the inwall (this inwall is the cylndrical surface) of ball cup 9 and cooperates, it is formed to retrain diametrically.The mounting point relation of upper ball bowl 6 and ball cup 9, ball stud 3, ball bowl gland 7 is such as Fig. 3-shown in Figure 4.
Shown in Fig. 9-12, the present invention has cut respectively a gap 14 by conical surface 17 bottoms at lower ball bowl 3 on two limit orientation F1, F2 of ball stud sports envelope face, and this gap structure can make the pivot angle of ball stud 4 increase.
Such as Figure 13, shown in Figure 14, because ball stud 4 has relative swing with respect to transverse arm 1, and lower ball bowl 3 is fixed with respect to transverse arm 1, this so that ball stud 4 in the swing process that occurs with respect to transverse arm, if the ball stud hunting range is larger, can interfere with the lower ball bowl 3 lower end conical surfaces.Certainly, this swing only is confined on the ball stud 4 medial axis moving surfaces, and this moving surface can be the plane, also can be curve (movement position envelope 22 as shown in Figure 14), the fourbar linkage that specifically is comprised of car body, Top Crossbeam, lower cross arm and hub for vehicle wheel among Fig. 1 determines, must solve this kind interference phenomenon for this reason.
Such as Figure 12, shown in Figure 14, ball stud 4 exists two limit position F1, F2 with respect to transverse arm 1 meeting of swing in moving surface, and the moving surface of ball stud 4 between two limit positions moves.When ball stud 4 swung to two limit position F1, F2, ball stud 4 will be interfered with the conical surface 17 of lower ball bowl 3 lower ends.Because ball stud 4 only is confined to centered by its medial axis with respect to the swing of transverse arm 1, the envelope movement face take its radius as radius, it is shown in Figure 14 that envelope movement is looked like.
For the lower taper face 17 that prevents lower ball bowl 3 interferes with ball stud 4, the present invention is with the Partial Resection of lower ball bowl 3 lower taper faces and ball stud 4 envelope movement face interferences, namely the inner ball surface centre of sphere of following ball bowl 3 is the center of circle, as the sports envelope face, on the F1 of lower ball bowl 3 lower end conical surfaces and two limit orientation of F2, cut respectively a gap 14 along the sports envelope face take the pin rod section radius of ball stud 4 bottoms as radius.And do not having the part with ball stud 4 sports envelope face interferences to keep original conical surface, as much as possible increase the bearing area of lower ball bowl 3 supporting ball studs 4 bulbs.
By above-mentioned measure, solved the interference problem between the pin rod section of time ball bowl 3 and ball stud 4, increased the range of movement of transverse arm 1, its effect increases the moving stroke of vehicle.If but lower ball bowl 3 is not positioned diametrically, then play ball bowl 3 in use, under the ball head effect of ball stud 4, situation with respect to himself medial axis rotation still can occur, so that forwarding other orientation to, the gap position on the conical surface of lower ball bowl 3 lower ends gets on, and the sports envelope face that makes the position of not cutting gap forward ball stud 4 to comes up, and the pin rod of itself and ball stud 4 bottoms is interfered, and produces and destroys.For this reason, after lower ball bowl 3 was positioned diametrically, the real realization of structural design ability of carrying out again gap made the effect of the pivot angle increase of ball stud 4.
Should be noted that at last: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technological scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit, although with reference to above-described embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: still can make amendment or be equal to replacement the specific embodiment of the present invention, and do not break away from any modification of spirit and scope of the invention or be equal to replacement, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. vehicle suspension ball head pin assembly, upper ball bowl (6) and lower ball bowl (3) that it comprises the ball cup (9) that places transverse arm (1) one end and is installed in ball cup (9) inner chamber, the ball head of ball stud (4) is positioned between ball bowl (6) and the lower ball bowl (3), the pin rod section of ball stud (4) is exposed to the ball cup outside after passing successively lower ball bowl (3) and ball cup (9), the upper ball bowl upper end that is arranged in ball cup (9) inner chamber is crimped with a ball bowl gland (7), this ball bowl gland (7) passes through screw (8) Joint with ball cup (9), it is characterized in that: this assembly also comprises a location pin block (2), described location pin block comprises positioning block (10) and is fixed in cylindrical body (11) on the positioning block, the positioning block (10) of described location pin block is connected in the locating slot (12) that is opened on lower ball bowl (3) outer surface, the cylindrical body (11) of described location pin block is installed in the positioning hole (13) that is opened on ball cup (9) lower sides, the internal surface of described positioning hole (13) is provided with for the screw thread that plug screw (5) is installed, and by plug screw (5) the location pin block is fixed.
2. vehicle suspension ball head pin assembly as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the internal surface of described lower ball bowl (3) is sphere (15), the outer surface top of lower ball bowl is that cylndrical surface (16), bottom are conical surface (17), and a gap (14) has been cut respectively in the conical surface bottom of described lower ball bowl on two limit orientation of ball stud (4) sports envelope face.
3. vehicle suspension ball head pin assembly as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the internal surface of described ball cup (9) is the cylndrical surface, the lower end of this cylndrical surface is provided with the taper attachment face (20) that matches with the conical surface (17) of lower ball bowl.
4. vehicle suspension ball head pin assembly as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the internal surface of described upper ball bowl (6) is sphere, the outer surface top of upper ball bowl is that conical surface, bottom are the cylndrical surface.
5. vehicle suspension ball head pin assembly as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described ball bowl gland (7) comprises disk and cylinder, described cylinder is positioned at the lower end of disk, offer a conical surface hole (18) in the cylinder, described ball bowl gland compresses upper ball bowl (6) on the ball head of ball stud (3) by this conical surface hole; Offer mounting hole on the described disk, it is fixed on the upper end of ball cup (9) by screw (8).
6. vehicle suspension ball head pin assembly as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: the internal surface top of described ball cup (9) is provided with internal thread, and the outer circumferential face of described ball bowl gland (7) is provided with the outside thread that matches with the internal thread of ball cup.
7. vehicle suspension ball head pin assembly as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described positioning block (10) is cuboid, and described locating slot (12) is along the longitudinal direction setting of lower ball bowl, and the width d of described positioning block equates with the width of locating slot.
8. vehicle suspension ball head pin assembly as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the pin rod section of described ball stud (4) is provided with the screw thread that is connected with hub for vehicle wheel.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN 201110242041 CN102506054B (en) | 2011-08-23 | 2011-08-23 | Vehicle suspension ball head pin assembly |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN 201110242041 CN102506054B (en) | 2011-08-23 | 2011-08-23 | Vehicle suspension ball head pin assembly |
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CN102506054A CN102506054A (en) | 2012-06-20 |
CN102506054B true CN102506054B (en) | 2013-10-16 |
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CN 201110242041 Expired - Fee Related CN102506054B (en) | 2011-08-23 | 2011-08-23 | Vehicle suspension ball head pin assembly |
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Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN104963936B (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2017-11-24 | 绍兴耐柯尔汽车配件有限公司 | A kind of combined vehicle suspension ball head up and down |
CN105059073A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-11-18 | 温州鸿鹏汽配制造有限公司 | Detachable automotive suspension control arm |
JP6752070B2 (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2020-09-09 | ナブテスコ株式会社 | Gear device |
GB2565118B (en) | 2017-08-02 | 2020-09-16 | Bockatech Ltd | Hollow plastic article |
CN113187806B (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2022-08-26 | 绍兴熔岩机械有限公司 | Manufacturing method of suspension ball head with dust cover |
CN113715908B (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2023-03-14 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | Ball stud assembly and automobile |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101220830A (en) * | 2007-12-11 | 2008-07-16 | 中国三江航天工业集团公司 | Ball stud coupling structure |
CN201487027U (en) * | 2009-09-08 | 2010-05-26 | 王国平 | Ball pin assembly |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10002757B4 (en) * | 2000-01-22 | 2010-12-02 | Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | ball joint |
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2011
- 2011-08-23 CN CN 201110242041 patent/CN102506054B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101220830A (en) * | 2007-12-11 | 2008-07-16 | 中国三江航天工业集团公司 | Ball stud coupling structure |
CN201487027U (en) * | 2009-09-08 | 2010-05-26 | 王国平 | Ball pin assembly |
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Granted publication date: 20131016 Termination date: 20200823 |