CN102505391B - Vacuum impregnation device and method of fiber composite material - Google Patents
Vacuum impregnation device and method of fiber composite material Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010981 drying operation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006253 high performance fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种纤维复合材料的真空浸渍装置，其缸体为凸形，底部固定在机架上，进给螺旋柱用进给螺旋螺母固定在机架上，装有密封圈的活塞的下端面与进给螺旋柱端面相连接，其上端面与PTFE板固定，支撑网固定在缸体两内侧的衬套下端面上，缸体顶部设有密封腔上盖，转轴穿过密封腔上盖的通孔，其下端面与PTFE辊连接，在密封腔上盖上还设有充放气口和压力表。使用时通过喷漆枪向PTFE板的凹槽内均匀的喷涂指定量的树脂，抽真空，转动转轴带动PTFE辊在支撑网上回转，赶出织物及树脂内残存气泡，然后解除装置内的压力，利用进给螺旋柱退出活塞，取下织物进行后续的烘干。本发明操作简单，可控制浸渍树脂含量，保证浸渍树脂的均匀性，有效提高织物的浸渍效果。
A vacuum impregnation device for fiber composite materials, the cylinder body is convex, the bottom is fixed on the frame, the feed screw column is fixed on the frame with a feed screw nut, and the lower end surface of the piston equipped with a sealing ring is in contact with the feed The end face of the screw column is connected, the upper end face is fixed with the PTFE plate, the support net is fixed on the lower end face of the bushing on both inner sides of the cylinder body, the top of the cylinder body is provided with the upper cover of the sealing chamber, and the rotating shaft passes through the through hole of the upper cover of the sealing chamber , the lower end face is connected with the PTFE roller, and an air filling and deflation port and a pressure gauge are also provided on the upper cover of the sealing chamber. When in use, use a paint spray gun to evenly spray a specified amount of resin into the groove of the PTFE board, vacuumize, turn the rotating shaft to drive the PTFE roller to rotate on the support net, drive out the remaining air bubbles in the fabric and resin, and then release the pressure in the device. The feed auger exits the piston, removing the fabric for subsequent drying. The invention has simple operation, can control the impregnating resin content, ensures the uniformity of the impregnating resin, and effectively improves the impregnating effect of the fabric.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及浸渍设备技术领域，特别是纤维编织材料的浸渍装置。 The invention relates to the technical field of impregnation equipment, in particular to an impregnation device for fiber braided materials.
背景技术 Background technique
纤维编织复合自润滑材料是由摩擦系数低的PTFE（聚四氟乙烯）纤维与增强纤维，例如芳纶、碳纤维、玻璃纤维等高性能纤维编织而成。工作时，PTFE纤维起润滑作用，而增强纤维则起承受载荷和提高黏结性能等作用。 Fiber braided composite self-lubricating materials are woven from PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) fibers with low friction coefficient and reinforcing fibers, such as aramid, carbon fiber, glass fiber and other high-performance fibers. When working, the PTFE fiber acts as a lubricant, while the reinforcing fiber plays the role of bearing load and improving bonding performance.
目前，针对纤维编织复合材料的浸渍装置如《经纬交叠无织造复合材料的浸渍设备》（中国专利 201645834 U），公开了一种经纬交叠无织造复合材料的浸渍装置设备；《调节织物经纬向浸渍效果的方法及装置》（中国专号 CN 101988243 A）提供一种调节织物经纬向浸渍效果的方法和装置。针对真空浸渍装置如《真空浸渍用的设备和方法》（中国专利 CN1568246 A）公开了一种对小件材料进行真空浸渍的装置；《真空浸渍器》（中国专利 CN 85 2 02535 U）涉及一种改进真空状态下用浸渍液浸渍材料的装置。 At present, for the impregnation device of fiber-woven composite materials, such as "Impregnation Equipment for Warp and Weft Overlapping Non-woven Composite Materials" (Chinese Patent 201645834 U), a kind of impregnation device for warp and weft overlapping non-woven composite materials is disclosed; "Adjusting Fabric Warp and Weft Method and device for impregnation effect" (Chinese Patent No. CN 101988243 A) provides a method and device for adjusting the impregnation effect of fabrics in warp and weft directions. For vacuum impregnation devices such as "Equipment and Method for Vacuum Impregnation" (Chinese Patent CN1568246 A), a device for vacuum impregnating small pieces of material is disclosed; "Vacuum Impregnant" (Chinese Patent CN 85 2 02535 U) involves An improved device for impregnating materials with an impregnating liquid under vacuum.
在上述纤维复合材料浸渍装置中，尚不具备控制树脂含量及均匀性控制功能。纤维编织复合材料制备常采用溶液超声浸渍处理结合辊压的方法对织物进行浸渍处理。辊压超声波浸渍后的织物，难以实现浸渍树脂含量控制和均匀性控制。对于应用在自润滑领域的纤维编织复合材料，控制树脂含量及均匀性十分重要，否则将容易造成很多产品缺陷。如织物浸渍后以及后续的烘干过程中，由于树脂分布不均匀而产生的内应力，将使织物表面产生凹坑或褶皱，影响平整性；织物表面浸渍的树脂含量不一致，导致厚度不均；浸渍后易产生气泡，且不易排出，烘干过程中气泡破裂产生无胶斑块。 In the fiber composite material impregnation device mentioned above, it does not yet have the functions of controlling resin content and uniformity. Fiber braided composites are often prepared by impregnating the fabric with solution ultrasonic impregnation combined with roll pressing. It is difficult to control the content and uniformity of the impregnated resin by rolling the fabric after ultrasonic impregnation. For fiber braided composite materials used in the self-lubricating field, it is very important to control the resin content and uniformity, otherwise it will easily cause many product defects. For example, after the impregnation of the fabric and the subsequent drying process, the internal stress caused by the uneven distribution of the resin will cause pits or wrinkles on the surface of the fabric, which will affect the flatness; the content of the resin impregnated on the surface of the fabric is inconsistent, resulting in uneven thickness; Bubbles are easy to form after dipping, and are not easy to discharge, and the bubbles burst during the drying process to produce glue-free plaques.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种操作简单，可有效改善织物的浸渍效果、实现可控树脂浸渍含量及均匀性的真空浸渍装置及方法。本发明主要包括：缸体、活塞、PTFE辊、PTFE板和转轴。其中缸体为凸形，其底部用螺栓固定在机架上，该机架底部设有通孔，进给螺旋柱穿过该通孔，用进给螺旋螺母固定在机架上 ，螺母与机架之间设有密封垫，装有密封圈的活塞的下端面与进给螺旋柱端面相连接，该活塞的上端面与带有凹槽的PTFE板固定。缸体凸起部位的两内侧设有衬套，支撑网固定在该衬套的下端面上，该支撑网的两端设有挤紧套。密封腔上盖两端用螺栓固定在缸体顶部，转轴穿过密封腔上盖的通孔，其下端面与PTFE辊连接，上述转轴与密封腔上盖之间套有弹簧，该转轴与密封腔上盖连接部位设有轴套和密封圈上盖，该密封圈上盖内设有密封圈。在密封腔上盖上还设有充放气口和压力表。 The object of the present invention is to provide a vacuum impregnation device and method that is simple to operate, can effectively improve the impregnation effect of fabrics, and realize controllable resin impregnation content and uniformity. The invention mainly includes: a cylinder body, a piston, a PTFE roller, a PTFE plate and a rotating shaft. The cylinder body is convex, and its bottom is fixed on the frame with bolts. There is a through hole at the bottom of the frame. The feed screw column passes through the through hole and is fixed on the frame with a feed screw nut. The nut is connected with the machine frame. A sealing gasket is arranged between the frames, and the lower end surface of the piston equipped with the sealing ring is connected with the end surface of the feed screw column, and the upper end surface of the piston is fixed with a PTFE plate with a groove. Bushings are arranged on both inner sides of the raised part of the cylinder body, a support net is fixed on the lower end surface of the bush, and squeeze sleeves are arranged at both ends of the support net. The two ends of the upper cover of the sealing chamber are fixed on the top of the cylinder body with bolts. The rotating shaft passes through the through hole of the upper cover of the sealing chamber, and its lower end surface is connected with the PTFE roller. There is a spring between the rotating shaft and the upper cover of the sealing chamber. A shaft sleeve and a sealing ring upper cover are arranged at the connection part of the cavity upper cover, and a sealing ring is arranged in the sealing ring upper cover. An air charging and discharging port and a pressure gauge are also arranged on the upper cover of the sealing chamber.
本发明的使用方法如下： The using method of the present invention is as follows:
一、将织物平整的铺放于支撑网上，将支撑网置于衬套下端面，支撑网与织物通过挤紧套固定于衬套下端面； 1. Lay the fabric flat on the support net, place the support net on the lower end of the bushing, and fix the support net and fabric to the lower end of the bush through a squeeze sleeve;
二、在真空容器中把转轴装在装有真空密封圈组的密封腔上盖上，调节转轴与PTFE辊间弹簧压缩量，使得PTFE辊与支撑网保持一定距离。将气压表安装在密封腔上盖上，再把将密封腔上盖安装到缸体上； 2. Install the rotating shaft in the vacuum container on the upper cover of the sealing chamber equipped with a vacuum sealing ring group, and adjust the spring compression between the rotating shaft and the PTFE roller to keep a certain distance between the PTFE roller and the supporting net. Install the barometer on the upper cover of the sealing chamber, and then install the upper cover of the sealing chamber on the cylinder body;
三、将带有凹槽的PTFE板固定在活塞的上端面，通过喷漆枪向PTFE板的凹槽内均匀的喷涂指定量的树脂，把活塞下部的进给螺旋柱装在机架上，进给螺旋螺母拧在套入机架的进给螺旋柱下端，机架安装在缸体上。在此过程中，PTFE板与织物保持一定距离； 3. Fix the PTFE plate with a groove on the upper end of the piston, spray a specified amount of resin evenly into the groove of the PTFE plate with a spray gun, install the feed screw column at the lower part of the piston on the frame, and The helical nut is screwed on the lower end of the feeding helical column inserted into the frame, and the frame is installed on the cylinder block. During this process, the PTFE plate is kept at a certain distance from the fabric;
四、对真空浸渍装置密封腔进行抽真空至5～50kpa后，对真空系统进行保压。进给装置中，依靠螺旋运动推动活塞位移，使得纤维织物与树脂接触开始浸渍。调节转动轴与PTFE辊间弹簧压缩量，使得PTFE辊与支撑网保持一定压力； 4. After vacuuming the sealed chamber of the vacuum impregnation device to 5-50kpa, maintain the pressure of the vacuum system. In the feeding device, the piston is displaced by the spiral motion, so that the fiber fabric is in contact with the resin and impregnated. Adjust the amount of spring compression between the rotating shaft and the PTFE roller, so that the PTFE roller and the support net maintain a certain pressure;
五、转动转轴带动PTFE辊在支撑网上回转，赶出织物及树脂内残存气泡。保压10min～15min后打开充/放气口，解除真空浸渍装置内的压力，利用进给装置退出活塞，取下织物进行后续的烘干。 5. Rotate the rotating shaft to drive the PTFE roller to rotate on the support net to drive out the remaining air bubbles in the fabric and resin. After maintaining the pressure for 10-15 minutes, open the inflation/deflation port, release the pressure in the vacuum impregnation device, use the feeding device to withdraw the piston, and remove the fabric for subsequent drying.
本发明与现有技术相比具有如下优点：操作简单，通过控制浸渍深度实现对树脂含量的控制；可保证浸渍树脂的均匀性；可有效提高织物的浸渍效果。 Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the operation is simple, the resin content can be controlled by controlling the impregnation depth; the uniformity of the impregnating resin can be guaranteed; the impregnation effect of the fabric can be effectively improved.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本发明装置的结构示意图。 Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the device of the present invention.
具体实施方式： Detailed ways:
实施例1 Example 1
在图1所示的一种纤维复合材料的真空浸渍装置的机构示意图中，缸体5为凸形，其底部用螺栓固定在机架1上，该机架底部设有通孔，进给螺旋柱3穿过该通孔，用进给螺旋螺母2固定在机架上 ，螺母与机架之间设有密封垫片4，装有密封圈6的活塞7的下端面与进给螺旋柱端面相连接，该活塞的上端面与带有凹槽的PTFE板8固定。缸体凸起部位的两内侧设有衬套9，支撑网21固定在该衬套的下端面上，该支撑网的两端设有挤紧套20。密封腔上盖16两端用螺栓固定在缸体顶部，转轴13穿过密封腔上盖的通孔，其下端面与PTFE辊19连接，上述转轴与密封腔上盖之间套有弹簧18，该转轴与密封腔上盖连接部位设有轴套12和密封圈上盖11，该密封圈上盖内设有真空密封圈组14。在密封腔上盖上还设有充放气口10和压力表15。
In the mechanism diagram of a vacuum impregnation device for fiber composite materials shown in Figure 1, the
使用时，首先，将织物22(芳纶/PTFE织物)平整的铺放于支撑网上，将支撑网置于衬套下端面，支撑网与织物通过挤紧套固定于衬套；将带有凹槽的PTFE板固定在活塞的上端面。通过喷漆枪向PTFE板的凹槽内均匀的喷涂一层树脂，树脂喷涂量由电子天平测得喷漆枪前后的质量差而定。 When in use, first, lay the fabric 22 (aramid/PTFE fabric) flat on the support net, place the support net on the lower end of the bush, and fix the support net and fabric to the bush through a squeeze sleeve; A grooved PTFE plate is fixed to the upper face of the piston. Spray a layer of resin evenly into the groove of the PTFE board through the paint spray gun, and the amount of resin sprayed is determined by the mass difference between the front and back of the paint spray gun measured by the electronic balance.
然后，对真空浸渍装置进行抽真空至10kpa后，关闭充/放气口。依靠螺旋运动推动活塞位移，使得纤维织物与树脂接触进行浸渍；调节转轴与缸体间弹簧压缩量，使得PTFE辊与支撑网保持一定的压力；转动转轴带动PTFE辊在支撑网上回转，赶出织物及树脂内残存气泡；保压10min后打开充/放气口，解除真空浸渍装置内的压力，利用进给装置退出活塞，取下织物进行后续的烘干操作。 Then, after the vacuum impregnation device is evacuated to 10kpa, the filling/deflation port is closed. Relying on the spiral motion to push the piston displacement, so that the fiber fabric is in contact with the resin for impregnation; adjust the spring compression between the rotating shaft and the cylinder to maintain a certain pressure between the PTFE roller and the supporting net; turn the rotating shaft to drive the PTFE roller to rotate on the supporting net to drive out the fabric and residual air bubbles in the resin; after maintaining the pressure for 10 minutes, open the inflation/deflation port to release the pressure in the vacuum impregnation device, use the feeding device to withdraw the piston, and remove the fabric for subsequent drying operations.
实施例2 Example 2
采用实施例1的设备的对织物进行真空浸渍的方法：首先，将玻璃纤维/PTFE织物平整的铺放于支撑网上，将支撑网置于衬套下端面，支撑网与织物通过挤紧套固定于衬套；将带有凹槽的PTFE板固定在活塞的上端面。通过喷漆枪向PTFE板的凹槽内均匀的喷涂一层树脂，树脂喷涂量由电子天平测得喷漆枪前后的质量差而定。 The method of vacuum impregnating the fabric using the equipment of Example 1: first, the glass fiber/PTFE fabric is laid flat on the support net, the support net is placed on the lower end surface of the bushing, and the support net and the fabric are fixed by a squeeze sleeve on the bushing; fix the grooved PTFE plate on the upper face of the piston. Spray a layer of resin evenly into the groove of the PTFE board through the paint spray gun, and the amount of resin sprayed is determined by the mass difference between the front and back of the paint spray gun measured by the electronic balance.
然后，对真空浸渍装置进行抽真空至50kpa后，关闭充/放气口。依靠螺旋运动推动活塞位移，使得纤维织物与树脂接触进行浸渍；调节转轴与缸体间弹簧压缩量，使得PTFE辊与支撑网保持一定的压力；转动转轴带动PTFE辊在支撑网上回转，赶出织物及树脂内残存气泡；保压15min后打开充/放气口，解除真空浸渍装置内的压力，利用进给装置退出活塞，取下织物进行后续的烘干操作。 Then, after vacuuming the vacuum impregnation device to 50kpa, close the filling/deflation port. Relying on the spiral motion to push the piston displacement, so that the fiber fabric is in contact with the resin for impregnation; adjust the spring compression between the rotating shaft and the cylinder to maintain a certain pressure between the PTFE roller and the supporting net; turn the rotating shaft to drive the PTFE roller to rotate on the supporting net to drive out the fabric and the remaining air bubbles in the resin; after holding the pressure for 15 minutes, open the inflation/deflation port to release the pressure in the vacuum impregnation device, use the feeding device to withdraw the piston, and remove the fabric for subsequent drying operations.
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| CN85202535U (en) * | 1985-05-25 | 1986-05-14 | 上海仪表粉末冶金厂 | Vacuum impregnation device |
| CN85109681A (en) * | 1984-12-28 | 1986-06-10 | 宇部兴产株式会社 | The manufacturing equipment of compound material |
| CN2398038Y (en) * | 1999-11-03 | 2000-09-27 | 燕山大学 | Hot-press sintering dynamic sealing device at vacuum and reducing atmosphere condition |
-
2011
- 2011-11-28 CN CN 201110382023 patent/CN102505391B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3662446A (en) * | 1971-02-25 | 1972-05-16 | Mccreary Ind Products Co | Lightweight roll construction |
| CN85109681A (en) * | 1984-12-28 | 1986-06-10 | 宇部兴产株式会社 | The manufacturing equipment of compound material |
| CN85202535U (en) * | 1985-05-25 | 1986-05-14 | 上海仪表粉末冶金厂 | Vacuum impregnation device |
| CN2398038Y (en) * | 1999-11-03 | 2000-09-27 | 燕山大学 | Hot-press sintering dynamic sealing device at vacuum and reducing atmosphere condition |
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|---|---|
| CN102505391A (en) | 2012-06-20 |
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