CN102503048B - System and method for treating high-concentration sewage generated by directly liquefying coal - Google Patents
System and method for treating high-concentration sewage generated by directly liquefying coal Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a system for treating high-concentration sewage generated by directly liquefying coal. The system comprises a cavitation air flotation machine, a priming reservoir and a homogenizing tank which are sequentially connected, as well as an anaerobic biochemical pool, a facultative biochemical pool, an aerobic biochemical pool, an activated carbon adsorption tank, a coagulation reaction tank, a coagulative sendimentation tank, a filtering priming reservoir and a filtering adsorption tank which are sequentially connected, wherein an acidification pool is arranged between the homogenizing tank and the anaerobic biochemical pool; the homogenizing tank, the acidification pool and the anaerobic biochemical pool are sequentially connected; an acidification device is arranged between an anaerobic biochemical pool outlet and a facultative biochemical pool inlet; and an alkalization device is arranged between a facultative biochemical pool outlet and an aerobic biochemical pool inlet. The invention also relates to a method for treating the high-concentration sewage generated by directly liquefying the coal. After the sewage generated by directly liquefying the coal is treated by the system and the method for treating the high-concentration sewage generated by directly liquefying the coal, the treatment effect of the high-concentration sewage generated by directly liquefying the coal can be remarkably improved and all product water reaches the standard and can be recycled.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Sewage treatment systems and treatment process.More specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of high-concentration sewage treatment system and treatment process.
Background technology
Group of Shenhua Erdos coal oil content processed company has the production equipment of the first cover large industrialized coal direct liquefaction production oil product in the world.Direct coal liquefaction technology worldwide received much concern in recent years.The sewage water yield of the DCL/Direct coal liquefaction device discharging of coal liquefaction plant is big, concentration is high, complicated component, does not have similar sewage disposal experience to use for reference both at home and abroad.
The existing high-concentration sewage treatment system of coal liquefaction plant adopts " immobilization high-effective microorganism sewage treatment ", and the structure iron of this system is seen Fig. 1.
Oleaginousness is not more than 100mg/L in the DCL/Direct coal liquefaction high-concentration sewage, therefore adopts air flotation turbo that oleaginousness is dropped to below the 10mg/L, can remove part suspended substance (SS), volatile phenol and part chemical oxygen demand (COD) (COD) simultaneously.Air supporting water outlet gravity flow enters the biochemical priming reservoir of high-concentration sewage, promotes with pump and enters even matter jar, to guarantee the stable of the subsequent biological treatment water yield, water quality, prevents big impact.
Even matter jar water outlet gravity flow enters biochemical treatment system.Biochemical treatment system is disposed with anaerobism (AF1), hold concurrently oxygen (AF2) and aerobic (BAF) three sections, i.e. three biochemistry pools, and being filled with the high-performance bio carrier respectively and inoculating has high-effective microorganism.The main effect of 3T-AF1 biochemistry pool (being anaerobic biofilter) is by anaerobic treatment the hardly degraded organic substance in the sewage to be carried out acidification hydrolization and methanation, improves biodegradability, reduces the running cost of sewage disposal.3T-AF2 biochemistry pool (the oxygen biological filter of namely holding concurrently) is the transition section of anaerobic and aerobic, can be according to the variation of time water quantity and quality in normal course of operation, regulate the aeration rate of every grade of double oxygen biological filter, to adapt to the needs that different quality changes, guarantee the optimum handling effect of system.3T-AF2 biochemistry pool water outlet gravity flow enters 3T-BAF biochemistry pool (being aerobic biofilter), this by aerobic treatment with the organism in the degradation of sewage.
Water outlet after handling through biochemical treatment system enters Powdered Activated Carbon adsorption tank, coagulation reaction tank, coagulative precipitation tank, filtration priming reservoir, adsorption tanks after filtration then, and qualified water is input to reuse pool, reuse then behind disinfection apparatus; And defective water is input to defective water discharging pond.
Design quality of reused water standard determines that according to the index in " recommending reuse to make the water quality standard (trying) of circulating cooling system make up water in China PetroChemical Corporation and the stock company's service water management system " concrete water quality sees the following form 1.
Table 1 quality of reused water standard
| The water quality project | Unit | Reused sewage water quality |
| COD cr | mg/L | ≤50.0 |
| BOD 5 | mg/L | ≤10.0 |
| Petroleum-type | mg/L | ≤5.0 |
| Ammonia nitrogen | mg/L | ≤5.0 |
| Suspended substance | mg/L | ≤5.0 |
| Sulfide | mg/L | ≤0.10 |
| Phenol | mg/L | ≤1.0 |
| The pH value | 6.5～9.0 | |
| Chlorion | mg/L | ≤250 |
| Sulfate ion | mg/L | ≤300 |
| Total hardness is (with CaCO 3Meter) | mg/L | 50～300 |
| Total alkalinity is (with CaCO 3Meter) | mg/L | 50～300 |
| Turbidity | NTU | ≤5.0 |
Because the sewage water yield of DCL/Direct coal liquefaction device discharging is big, concentration is high, complicated component, and original biochemical treatment system does not reach the operating performance of expection, because this biochemical treatment system impact resistance is poor, the COD degradation rate is low, the nitrification and denitrification reaction is difficult to set up, and ammonia nitrogen can not get removing.Therefore, still need existing DCL/Direct coal liquefaction high-concentration sewage treatment system is improved.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of DCL/Direct coal liquefaction high-concentration sewage treatment system.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of DCL/Direct coal liquefaction process for treating high-concentration sewage.
DCL/Direct coal liquefaction high-concentration sewage treatment system provided by the invention, it comprises air flotation turbo, priming reservoir, the even matter jar that links to each other successively; The anaerobic biological pond of Xiang Lianing, facultative anaerobic biochemical pond, aerobic biochemical pond, charcoal absorption pond, coagulation reaction tank, coagulative precipitation tank, filtration priming reservoir and Filtration Adsorption jar successively; Wherein, between described even matter jar and anaerobic biological pond, be provided with acidification pool, and described even matter jar, acidification pool link to each other successively with the anaerobic biological pond; Between the outlet of described anaerobic biological pond and facultative anaerobic biochemical pond entrance, be provided with acidizing device; Between the outlet of described facultative anaerobic biochemical pond and aerobic biochemistry pool entrance, be provided with the alkalization device.
Acid in the described acidification pool can be sulfuric acid and/or hydrochloric acid.Acid in the described acidizing device can be sulfuric acid and/or hydrochloric acid.Alkali in the described alkalization device can be yellow soda ash and/or sodium hydroxide.
Described acidizing device can be to add sour pump.Described alkalization device can be to add alkali pump.
Be filled with microbe carrier in described anaerobic biological pond, facultative anaerobic biochemical pond and the aerobic biochemistry pool respectively and inoculate microorganism is arranged; Described charcoal absorption pond comprises joins charcoal pond, mixing pit and adsorption tank.
Preferably, the alkali in the described alkalization device is that weight ratio is 100: 1 yellow soda ash and sodium hydroxide.
DCL/Direct coal liquefaction process for treating high-concentration sewage provided by the invention may further comprise the steps:
(1) the DCL/Direct coal liquefaction high-concentration sewage is handled in air flotation turbo, priming reservoir, even matter jar successively, carried out acidifying then;
(2) sewage of above-mentioned acidification being crossed imports in the anaerobic biological pond and handles;
(3) handle importing in the facultative anaerobic biochemical pond after the sewage acidifying of handling in the above-mentioned anaerobic biological pond;
(4) will handle in the sewage alkalization back importing aerobic biochemical pond of handling in the above-mentioned facultative anaerobic biochemical pond;
(5) sewage of handling in the above-mentioned aerobic biochemical pond is handled in charcoal absorption pond, coagulation reaction tank, coagulative precipitation tank, filtration priming reservoir and Filtration Adsorption jar successively.
In the described step (1), described acidifying is that the pH value with sewage is adjusted to 5.5～6.5.In the described step (3), described acidifying is that the pH value with sewage is adjusted to 6.5～7.5.In the described step (4), described alkalization is that the pH value with sewage is adjusted to 7.5～8.5.
In the described step (1), the acid that described acidifying is used is sulfuric acid and/or hydrochloric acid.In the described step (3), the acid that described acidifying is used is sulfuric acid and/or hydrochloric acid.In the described step (4), the alkali that described alkalization is used is yellow soda ash and/or sodium hydroxide; Preferably, the weight ratio of yellow soda ash and sodium hydroxide is 100: 1.
DCL/Direct coal liquefaction process for treating high-concentration sewage of the present invention further comprises: the gasification cyanide wastewater that adds volumn concentration height to 40% in the described DCL/Direct coal liquefaction high-concentration sewage; Preferably, add the gasification cyanide wastewater of volumn concentration height to 20%.
The DCL/Direct coal liquefaction high-concentration sewage by DCL/Direct coal liquefaction high-concentration sewage treatment system of the present invention and treatment process after, obviously improved the treatment effect of DCL/Direct coal liquefaction high-concentration sewage, but all up to standard and reuses of product water.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure iron of existing DCL/Direct coal liquefaction high-concentration sewage treatment system.
Fig. 2 is the structure iron of DCL/Direct coal liquefaction high-concentration sewage treatment system of the present invention.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings the present invention is carried out more detailed description.
Fig. 2 is the structure iron of DCL/Direct coal liquefaction high-concentration sewage treatment system of the present invention.As shown in Figure 2, DCL/Direct coal liquefaction high-concentration sewage treatment system of the present invention comprises air flotation turbo, priming reservoir, the even matter jar that links to each other successively; The anaerobic biological pond of Xiang Lianing, facultative anaerobic biochemical pond, aerobic biochemical pond, charcoal absorption pond, coagulation reaction tank, coagulative precipitation tank, filtration priming reservoir and Filtration Adsorption jar successively; Wherein, between described even matter jar and anaerobic biological pond, be provided with acidification pool, and described even matter jar, acidification pool link to each other successively with the anaerobic biological pond; Between the outlet of described anaerobic biological pond and facultative anaerobic biochemical pond entrance, be provided with acidizing device; And between the outlet of described facultative anaerobic biochemical pond and aerobic biochemistry pool entrance, be provided with the alkalization device.
Acid in the described acidification pool can be sulfuric acid and/or hydrochloric acid.Described acidification pool will be adjusted to 5.5～6.5 from the pH value of the sewage (the pH value is more than 8) of sparing the matter jar, and this sewage enters in the anaerobic biological pond then.Thus, in anaerobic biological pond subsequently, the acidication bacterium in the anaerobic reaction is to have better reactive behavior under 5.5～6.5 the condition in the pH value.
Acid in the described acidizing device can be sulfuric acid and/or hydrochloric acid.Described acidizing device can be to add sour pump.Described acidizing device has no particular limits, as long as it can reach the purpose of acidifying; For example, also can use acidification pool.Described acidizing device is that the pH value from the sewage (the pH value is about 8) in anaerobic biological pond is adjusted to 6.5～7.5, and this sewage enters in the facultative anaerobic biochemical pond then.In facultative anaerobic biochemical pond subsequently, the pH value is 6.5～7.5 more be conducive to the hold concurrently breeding of oxygen animalcule and the abilities of decomposing sewage.
Alkali in the described alkalization device can be yellow soda ash and/or sodium hydroxide.Described alkalization device can be to add alkali pump.Described alkalization device has no particular limits, as long as it can reach the purpose of alkalization; For example, also can use acidification pool.In actual use, for convenience, the aqueous solution that described alkali can be mixed with alkali uses, and its concentration is had no particular limits.Described alkalization device is that the pH value from the sewage (the pH value is about 7) in facultative anaerobic biochemical pond is adjusted to 7.5～8.5, and this sewage enters in the aerobic biochemical pond then.In aerobic biochemical pond subsequently, the pH value is 7.5～8.5 more to be conducive to the carrying out of nitration reaction.Preferably, in the described alkalization device, the weight ratio of yellow soda ash and sodium hydroxide is 100: 1, and the sewage after alkalization under this proportioning can better carry out nitration reaction.
Described air flotation turbo can drop to the oleaginousness of DCL/Direct coal liquefaction high-concentration sewage below the 10mg/L, can remove part SS, volatile phenol and portion C OD simultaneously.
Described priming reservoir can be promoted to the sewage pressurization (for example, using pump) from air flotation turbo even matter jar.
From the sewage of priming reservoir with lift pump promote enter described even matter jar after, in this water quality to sewage, water yield homogenizing, guarantee the stable of the follow-up biochemical treatment water yield, water quality, avoid producing big impact, improve the rate that operates steadily.
Be filled with the polyurethane foam microbe carrier in the described anaerobic biological pond and inoculate anaerobion is arranged.The main effect in described anaerobic biological pond is by anaerobic treatment the hardly degraded organic substance in the sewage to be carried out acidification hydrolization and methanation, improves biodegradability, reduces the running cost of sewage disposal.
Be filled with the polyurethane foam microbe carrier in the described facultative anaerobic biochemical pond and inoculate microorganism is arranged, it is the transition section of anaerobic and aerobic, can be according to the variation of time water quantity and quality in normal course of operation, regulate the aeration rate in every grade in facultative anaerobic biochemical pond, to adapt to the needs that different quality changes, guarantee the optimum handling effect of system.
Be filled with microbe carrier (for example, can be sponge) in the described aerobic biochemical pond and inoculation has a microorganism, this by aerobic treatment with the organism in the degradation of sewage.
In the described charcoal absorption pond, at first Powdered Activated Carbon is made into suspension with water in joining the charcoal pond, water outlet fully mixes after squeezing into mixing pit and handle in the aerobic biochemical pond by pump, enters adsorption tank; In adsorption tank, sewage fully contacts with Powdered Activated Carbon then, and the COD in the waste water and other pollutent are by charcoal absorption.
In the described coagulation reaction tank, enter coagulation reaction tank from the sewage in described charcoal absorption pond, add polymerize aluminum chloride (PAC) and cationic polyacrylamide (PAM) in the coagulation reaction tank then, fully mix, reaction.
In the described coagulative precipitation tank, will carry out mud-water separation by precipitation process from the sewage of described coagulation reaction tank, remove the COD that most suspended substances and a small amount of microbiological treatment fail to remove, to improve the water outlet effect.
Described filtration priming reservoir, it has lift pump the sewage from coagulative precipitation tank can be promoted to the Filtration Adsorption jar.
Described Filtration Adsorption jar has more medium filter and biologic active carbon filtration device, by filtering and adsorption process, removes suspended substance and organism.Pneumatic butterfly valve is adopted in this equipment pipeline medium control, on-the-spot PLC control.Can realize automatic backwash by setting inlet outlet pressure differential or time cycle.
DCL/Direct coal liquefaction process for treating high-concentration sewage of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
(1) the DCL/Direct coal liquefaction high-concentration sewage is handled in air flotation turbo, priming reservoir, even matter jar successively, carried out acidification then;
(2) sewage of above-mentioned acidification being crossed imports in the anaerobic biological pond and handles;
(3) handle importing in the facultative anaerobic biochemical pond after the sewage acidifying of handling in the above-mentioned anaerobic biological pond;
(4) will handle in the sewage alkalization back importing aerobic biochemical pond of handling in the above-mentioned facultative anaerobic biochemical pond;
(5) sewage of handling in the above-mentioned aerobic biochemical pond is handled in charcoal absorption pond, coagulation reaction tank, coagulative precipitation tank, filtration priming reservoir and Filtration Adsorption jar successively.
In the described step (1): described acidifying is that the pH value with sewage is adjusted to 5.5～6.5.The acid that described acidifying is used is sulfuric acid and/or hydrochloric acid.
In the described step (3): described acidifying is that the pH value with sewage is adjusted to 6.5～7.5.The acid that described acidifying is used is sulfuric acid and/or hydrochloric acid.
In the described step (4): described alkalization is that the pH value with sewage is adjusted to 7.5～8.5.The alkali that described alkalization is used is yellow soda ash and/or sodium hydroxide; Preferably, the weight ratio of yellow soda ash and sodium hydroxide is 100: 1.
Particularly, DCL/Direct coal liquefaction process for treating high-concentration sewage of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
Make DCL/Direct coal liquefaction high-concentration sewage pressurization enter air flotation turbo, add polymerize aluminum chloride and polyacrylamide and make it with sewage fully reacts at feed-water end, enter the processing of dissolved air flotation section then;
Make described air flotation turbo water outlet enter the priming reservoir, by pressurization sewage is promoted to described even matter jar then;
The sewage that enters described even matter jar is stayed for some time at this;
Sewage in the described even matter jar is imported in the acidification pool, by acidifying the pH value is adjusted to 5.5～6.5;
Sewage in the described acidification pool is imported in the anaerobic biological pond, carry out anaerobic treatment by microorganism;
To by acidifying the pH value be adjusted to 6.5～7.5 from the sewage in anaerobic biological pond;
Sewage after the above-mentioned acidifying is imported in the facultative anaerobic biochemical pond, by the microorganism oxygen processing of holding concurrently;
To by alkalization the pH value be adjusted to 7.5～8.5 from the sewage in facultative anaerobic biochemical pond;
Sewage after the above-mentioned alkalization is imported in the aerobic biochemical pond, carry out aerobic treatment by microorganism;
To import the charcoal absorption pond from the sewage in described aerobic biochemical pond, and contact with gac suspension then and carry out adsorption treatment;
To import coagulation reaction tank from the sewage in described charcoal absorption pond, add polymerize aluminum chloride then and cationic polyacrylamide is handled;
To import coagulative precipitation tank from the sewage of described coagulation reaction tank, carry out the mud-water separation processing at this by leaving standstill;
To import from the sewage of described coagulative precipitation tank and filter the priming reservoir;
To import the Filtration Adsorption jar from the sewage of described filtration priming reservoir, filter and adsorption treatment by multi-medium filtering and biologic active carbon filtration device at this.
More specifically, DCL/Direct coal liquefaction process for treating high-concentration sewage provided by the invention may further comprise the steps:
DCL/Direct coal liquefaction high-concentration sewage pressurization is entered air flotation turbo, add 50～100mg/L polymerize aluminum chloride (PAC) and 30～80mg/L polyacrylamide (PAM) and make it and sewage fully reacts at feed-water end, enter the processing of dissolved air flotation section then; The dissolved air flotation section is provided with the chain-type scraping machine, strikes off surface scum.More specifically, can for: DCL/Direct coal liquefaction high-concentration sewage (oleaginousness is not more than 100mg/L) pressurization is entered air flotation turbo, add 50～100mg/L polymerize aluminum chloride (PAC) and 30～80mg/L polyacrylamide (PAM) and make it and sewage fully reacts at feed-water end, enter the dissolved air flotation section then and handle.In the dissolved air flotation section, microbubble absorption oil droplet holds up oil droplet, reaches the purpose of oily water separation.The dissolved air flotation section is provided with the chain-type scraping machine, strikes off surface scum, and oleaginousness is less than 10mg/L (containing oil in water emulsion) in the design water outlet.Adopt air flotation turbo (air-dissolving air-float reservation) to handle oleaginousness is dropped to below the 10mg/L, remove part SS, volatile phenol and portion C OD simultaneously.The water outlet oleaginousness of handling through air flotation turbo less than total clearance of 10mg/L, COD about 10%.
Described air flotation turbo water outlet gravity flow enters the biochemical priming reservoir of high-concentration sewage, by pump sewage is promoted to described even matter jar then.
The sewage that enters described even matter jar stops about 20～30 hours (depending on the first phase water yield) at this.This processing process is guarantee the follow-up biochemical treatment water yield, water quality stable, prevents big impact.
To be in the sewage importing acidification pool more than 8 from the pH value of described even matter jar, and add hydrochloric acid and/or sulfuric acid then the pH value is adjusted to 5.5～6.5.
Sewage after the above-mentioned acidifying is imported in the described anaerobic biological pond, and described anaerobic biological pond is divided into the operation of many group plural parallel stages, and hydraulic detention time is 30～40 hours; Water inlet upper water-out overflow mode step by step water distribution is installed 3 layers of carrier brackets under every grade of employing in the pond, and 2 layers of suspending carriers of filling also are loaded with microorganism, and carrier effectively contacts certain hour.More specifically, can for: described anaerobic biological pond is divided into eight groups of Pyatyi parallel runnings, and hydraulic detention time is 33.33 hours; Water inlet upper water-out overflow mode step by step water distribution is installed 3 layers of carrier brackets under every grade of employing in the pond in, loads efficiently suspend 2 layers of dedicated carriers and be loaded with microorganism (for example, can be wheel animalcule) of polyurethane foam, and carrier effectively contacts 21.33 hours.The bottom arranges aeration tube and shore pipe.
PH value from the anaerobic biological pond is about 8 sewage by adding sour pump and add hydrochloric acid and/or sulfuric acid being adjusted to 6.5～7.5 with the pH value.
Sewage after the above-mentioned acidifying is imported in the described facultative anaerobic biochemical pond.Described facultative anaerobic biochemical pond is divided into the operation of many group plural parallel stages, and the overflow mode step by step of water inlet upper water-out is arranged under every grade of employing.3 layers of carrier brackets are installed in the pond, and 2 layers of suspending carriers also are loaded with microorganism, and carrier effectively contacts certain hour.The bottom in described facultative anaerobic biochemical pond arranges aeration tube and is used for stirring and back flushing, and the bottom arranges shore pipe.More specifically, can for: described facultative anaerobic biochemical pond is divided into eight groups of Pyatyi parallel runnings, and the overflow mode step by step of water inlet upper water-out is arranged under every grade of employing.3 layers of carrier brackets are installed in the pond, and special efficient suspension dedicated carrier 2 layers (for example, can be sponges) also is loaded with microorganism (for example, can be flagellate), and carrier effectively contacts 20.67 hours.The bottom in described facultative anaerobic biochemical pond arranges aeration tube and is used for stirring and back flushing, and moving gas-water ratio at ordinary times is 20: 1, and the bottom arranges shore pipe.The water outlet of aerobic biochemical pond can be back to the facultative anaerobic biochemical pond, utilizes the carbon source in the water inlet to carry out denitrification, and the nitrated basicity that provides of back segment ammonia nitrogen is provided simultaneously, reduces to add alkali number, reduces running cost, can also prevent that anaerobism from producing hydrogen sulfide.Establish 4 groups of dissolved oxygens (DO) in-line meter in the described facultative anaerobic biochemical pond, control DO＜1mg/l is to guarantee treatment effect.
PH value from the facultative anaerobic biochemical pond is about 7 sewage by adding alkali pump and add yellow soda ash and/or sodium hydroxide being adjusted to 7.5～8.5 with the pH value.
Sewage after the above-mentioned alkalization is imported in the described aerobic biochemical pond.Feed-water end in described aerobic biochemical pond adds nitrification liquid.Described aerobic biochemical pond is the operation of many group plural parallel stages, water inlet upper water-out overflow mode step by step water distribution under every grade of employing.3 layers of carrier brackets are installed in the pond, and 2 layers of suspending carriers of filling also are loaded with microorganism, and carrier effectively contacts certain hour.Bottom, described aerobic biochemical pond is installed aerating system and shore pipe is set.More specifically, can for: the feed-water end in described aerobic biochemical pond adds the nitrification liquid sodium carbonate solution, and dosage is by 3～5L/m
3The water design.Described aerobic biochemical pond is eight groups of Pyatyi parallel runnings, water inlet upper water-out overflow mode step by step water distribution under every grade of employing.3 layers of carrier brackets are installed in the pond, are loaded efficient suspension dedicated carrier urethane carrier, 2 layers and be loaded with microorganism (for example, can be nematode), carrier effectively contacts 20.0 hours.Bottom, described aerobic biochemical pond is installed the 3T-ADS aerating system and is used for aeration, and gas-water ratio is 40: 1, and the bottom arranges shore pipe.The pond water outlet of described aerobic biochemical through pump promote be back to described facultative anaerobic biochemical pond before, the dilution water source when higher as debugging and influent quality.Backflow ratio 1: 1.Establish 4 groups of dissolved oxygens (DO) in-line meter in the described aerobic biochemical pond, DO is at 2～4mg/L in control, with the effect that guarantees that aerobe is handled.The froth breaking facility is set, to avoid producing too much foam in the aeration tank in the pond;
Make the sewage from described aerobic biochemical pond enter mixing pit.Powdered Activated Carbon is made into suspension with water earlier in joining the charcoal pond, water outlet fully mixes after squeezing into mixing pit and handle in the aerobic biochemical pond by pump, enters adsorption tank.In adsorption tank, sewage fully contacts with Powdered Activated Carbon then, and the COD in the waste water and other pollutent are by charcoal absorption.
Make the sewage from described charcoal absorption pond enter coagulation reaction tank, in coagulation reaction tank, add 50～100mg/L polymerize aluminum chloride (PAC) and 30～80mg/L cationic polyacrylamide (PAM) then, fully mix, react.
To enter coagulative precipitation tank from the sewage of described coagulation reaction tank and carry out mud-water separation.Remove the COD that most suspended substances and a small amount of microbiological treatment fail to remove thus, to improve the water outlet effect.
To enter from the sewage of described coagulative precipitation tank and filter the priming reservoir, the sewage of described coagulative precipitation tank can be promoted to the Filtration Adsorption jar through lift pump.
Make the sewage from described filtration priming reservoir enter described Filtration Adsorption jar, by filtration and the adsorption process of more medium filter and biological activity carbon filter, remove the organism of suspended substance and part difficult degradation.Pneumatic butterfly valve is adopted in this equipment pipeline medium control, on-the-spot PLC control.Can realize automatic backwash by setting inlet outlet pressure differential or time cycle.
Further, it is high to 40% gasification cyanide wastewater to add volumn concentration (based on total sewage volume) in the described DCL/Direct coal liquefaction high-concentration sewage; Preferably, it is high to 20% gasification cyanide wastewater to add volumn concentration (based on total sewage volume).
The composition of described gasification cyanide wastewater sees Table 2:
The composition (index unit is mg/L) of table 2 gasification cyanide wastewater
The following examples only are used for explaining the present invention, and unrestricted the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Handled DCL/Direct coal liquefaction high-concentration sewage is from devices such as the gelatin liquefaction of Erdos coal oil content processed company of group of Shenhua, hydro-upgradings; Its composition sees Table 3.
The composition of table 3 DCL/Direct coal liquefaction high-concentration sewage (mg/L of unit)
Described gasification cyanide wastewater is from the coal device for producing hydrogen; Its composition sees Table 2.Air flotation turbo is by the production of wheat princes and dukes department.
The DCL/Direct coal liquefaction high-concentration sewage is entered air flotation turbo by pump pressurization, add polymerize aluminum chloride (PAC) and the 60mg/L polyacrylamide (PAM) of 100mg/L amount and make it and sewage fully reacts at feed-water end, enter the processing of dissolved air flotation section then.In the dissolved air flotation section, microbubble absorption oil droplet holds up oil droplet, reaches the purpose of oily water separation.The dissolved air flotation section is provided with the chain-type scraping machine, strikes off surface scum, and oleaginousness is less than 10mg/L (containing oil in water emulsion) in the design water outlet.Adopt air flotation turbo (air-dissolving air-float reservation) to handle oleaginousness is dropped to below the 10mg/L, remove part SS, volatile phenol and portion C OD simultaneously.The water outlet oleaginousness of handling through air flotation turbo less than total clearance of 10mg/L, COD about 10%.
Described air flotation turbo water outlet gravity flow enters the biochemical priming reservoir of high-concentration sewage, by the pump pressurization sewage is promoted to 5000m then
3In the even matter jar.
Make and promote the sewage that enters described even matter jar by pump pressurization and stopped about 20 hours at this.
To import from the sewage of described even matter jar in the acidification pool, by adding sulfuric acid the pH value will be adjusted to 5.5 then.
Water in the acidification pool is imported in the anaerobic biological pond, and described anaerobic biological pond is divided into eight groups of Pyatyi parallel runnings, and hydraulic detention time is 33.33 hours; Water inlet upper water-out overflow mode step by step water distribution is installed 3 layers of carrier brackets under every grade of employing in the pond, loads 2 layers in efficient suspension dedicated carrier sponge, and the carrier loadings is 2400m
3, adding efficient special-purpose anaerobion wheel animalcule 1920kg, carrier effectively contacts 21.33 hours.The bottom arranges aeration tube, (water yield 90m when normal operation
3/ hour), the methane gas generation is 172Nm
3/ hour.Chi Ding arranges airtight coagulation earth mulch, sends into biogas treatment facility burning disposal after methane gas is collected.For avoiding forming explosion gas after methane and the air mixed, when operation operation forbidden aeration at ordinary times.The bottom arranges shore pipe and is used for spoil disposal and emptying.For guaranteeing the minimum surface load of anaerobic pond, prevent sludgd deposition, the anaerobic pond water outlet is through the anaerobism reflux pump) reflux, reflux ratio was by design in 2: 1, and hydraulic surface loading is 10.8m
3/ m
2D (containing backflow).
Sewage from the anaerobic biological pond is adjusted to 6.5 by adding sour pump interpolation sulfuric acid with the pH value;
Water after the above-mentioned acidifying is imported in the facultative anaerobic biochemical pond.Described facultative anaerobic biochemical pond is divided into eight groups of Pyatyi parallel runnings, and the overflow mode step by step of water inlet upper water-out is arranged under every grade of employing.3 layers of carrier brackets are installed in the pond, 2 layers in special efficient suspension dedicated carrier sponge, the carrier loadings is 2480m
3, adding the efficient special use oxygen animalcule flagellate 1984kg that holds concurrently, carrier effective duration of contact is 20.67 hours.The bottom in described facultative anaerobic biochemical pond arranges aeration tube and is used for stirring and back flushing, and moving gas-water ratio at ordinary times is 20: 1, and the bottom arranges shore pipe.In addition, the water outlet of aerobic biochemical pond can be back to the facultative anaerobic biochemical pond, utilizes the carbon source in the water inlet to carry out denitrification, and the nitrated basicity that provides of back segment ammonia nitrogen is provided simultaneously, reduces to add alkali number, reduces running cost, can also prevent that anaerobism from producing hydrogen sulfide.Establish 4 groups of dissolved oxygens (DO) in-line meter in the described facultative anaerobic biochemical pond, control DO＜1mg/l is to guarantee treatment effect.
Sewage from the facultative anaerobic biochemical pond is adjusted to 8.5 by adding alkali pump interpolation yellow soda ash with the pH value;
Water after the above-mentioned alkalization is imported in the aerobic biochemical pond.Feed-water end in described aerobic biochemical pond adds the nitrification liquid sodium carbonate solution, and dosage is by 3～5L/m
3The water design.Described aerobic biochemical pond is eight groups of Pyatyi parallel runnings, water inlet upper water-out overflow mode step by step water distribution under every grade of employing.3 layers of carrier brackets are installed in the pond, are loaded 2 layers in efficient suspension dedicated carrier sponge, the carrier loadings is 2550m
3, adding efficient special-purpose aerobic microbiological nematode 2040kg, carrier effective duration of contact is 20.0 hours.Bottom, described aerobic biochemical pond is installed the 3T-ADS aerating system and is used for aeration, and gas-water ratio is 40: 1, and the bottom arranges shore pipe.The pond water outlet of described aerobic biochemical through pump promote be back to described facultative anaerobic biochemical pond before, the dilution water source when higher as debugging and influent quality.Backflow ratio 1: 1.Establish 4 groups of dissolved oxygens (DO) in-line meter in the described aerobic biochemical pond, DO is at 2～4mg/L in control, with the effect that guarantees that aerobe is handled.The froth breaking facility is set, to avoid producing too much foam in the aeration tank in the pond;
Make the sewage from described aerobic biochemical pond enter mixing pit.Powdered Activated Carbon is made into suspension with water earlier in joining the charcoal pond, water outlet fully mixes after squeezing into mixing pit and handle in the aerobic biochemical pond by spiral pump, enters adsorption tank.In adsorption tank, sewage fully contacts with Powdered Activated Carbon then, and the COD in the waste water and other pollutent are by charcoal absorption.
Sewage from described charcoal absorption pond enters coagulation reaction tank, adds the polymerize aluminum chloride (PAC) of 50mg/L and 30mg/L cationic polyacrylamide (PAM) then in coagulation reaction tank, fully mixes, reaction.
To enter coagulative precipitation tank from the sewage of described coagulation reaction tank, carry out mud-water separation by leaving standstill.Remove the COD that most suspended substances and a small amount of microbiological treatment fail to remove thus, to improve the water outlet effect.
Make the sewage from described coagulative precipitation tank enter the filtration priming reservoir, have lift pump the sewage from coagulative precipitation tank can be promoted to the Filtration Adsorption jar.
To enter the Filtration Adsorption jar from the sewage of described filtration priming reservoir, described Filtration Adsorption jar has more medium filter and biologic active carbon filtration device, by filtering and adsorption process, removes the organism of suspended substance and part difficult degradation.Pneumatic butterfly valve is adopted in this equipment pipeline medium control, on-the-spot PLC control.Can realize automatic backwash by setting inlet outlet pressure differential or time cycle.
By above-mentioned processing, the water quality of final product water sees the following form 4.
The water quality of the product water of table 4 embodiment 1
| The water quality project | Unit | Product water water quality |
| COD cr | mg/L | ≤50.0 |
| BOD 5 | mg/L | ≤10.0 |
| Petroleum-type | mg/L | ≤5.0 |
| Ammonia nitrogen | mg/L | ≤5.0 |
| Suspended substance | mg/L | ≤5.0 |
| Sulfide | mg/L | ≤0.10 |
| Phenol | mg/L | ≤1.0 |
| pH | mg/L | 6.5～9.0 |
| Chlorion | mg/L | ≤250 |
| Sulfate ion | mg/L | ≤300 |
| Total hardness is (with CaCO 3Meter) | mg/L | 50～300 |
| Total alkalinity is (with CaCO 3Meter) | mg/L | 50～300 |
| Turbidity | mg/L | ≤5.0 |
As can be seen from Table 4, after DCL/Direct coal liquefaction high-concentration sewage process treatment system of the present invention and the treatment process, product water has reached the standard of reuse fully.
Embodiment 2
Except importing from the sewage of described even matter jar in the acidification pool, by adding hydrochloric acid the pH value is adjusted to 6.5 then; Sewage from the anaerobic biological pond is adjusted to 7.5 by adding sour pump interpolation hydrochloric acid with the pH value; To add yellow soda ash pH value is adjusted to outside 7.5 by adding alkali pump from the sewage in facultative anaerobic biochemical pond, adopt the method processing DCL/Direct coal liquefaction high-concentration sewage identical with embodiment 1.As a result, the product water that obtains has reached the standard of reuse fully.
Embodiment 3
Except importing in the acidification pool from the sewage of described even matter jar, by the mixture that adds hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid the pH value is adjusted to 6.0 then; Sewage from the anaerobic biological pond is adjusted to 7.0 by the mixture that adds sour pump interpolation hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid with the pH value; With to add weight ratio be that 100: 1 yellow soda ash and the mixture of sodium hydroxide are adjusted to pH value outside 8.0 by adding alkali pump from the sewage in facultative anaerobic biochemical pond, adopt the method processing DCL/Direct coal liquefaction high-concentration sewage identical with embodiment 1.As a result, the product water that obtains has reached the standard of reuse fully.
Embodiment 4
Except in the DCL/Direct coal liquefaction high-concentration sewage, adding the gasification cyanide wastewater, make its account for total sewage volume 40% outside, adopt the method processing DCL/Direct coal liquefaction high-concentration sewage identical with embodiment 1.As a result, the product water that obtains has reached the standard of reuse fully.
Embodiment 5
Except in the DCL/Direct coal liquefaction high-concentration sewage, adding the gasification cyanide wastewater, make its account for total sewage volume 20% outside, adopt the method processing DCL/Direct coal liquefaction high-concentration sewage identical with embodiment 1.As a result, the product water that obtains has reached the standard of reuse fully.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that under the instruction of this specification sheets, can make some modifications or variation to the present invention.These modifications and variations also should be within claim of the present invention institute restricted portion.
Claims (1)
1. DCL/Direct coal liquefaction process for treating high-concentration sewage may further comprise the steps:
(1) the DCL/Direct coal liquefaction high-concentration sewage is handled in air flotation turbo, priming reservoir, even matter jar successively, carried out acidification then;
(2) sewage of above-mentioned acidification being crossed imports in the anaerobic biological pond and handles;
(3) handle importing in the facultative anaerobic biochemical pond after the sewage acidifying of handling in the above-mentioned anaerobic biological pond;
(4) will handle in the sewage alkalization back importing aerobic biochemical pond of handling in the above-mentioned facultative anaerobic biochemical pond;
(5) sewage of handling in the above-mentioned aerobic biochemical pond is handled in charcoal absorption pond, coagulation reaction tank, coagulative precipitation tank, filtration priming reservoir and Filtration Adsorption jar successively;
Consisting of of described DCL/Direct coal liquefaction high-concentration sewage: pH7～9, COD5000～10000mg/L, NH
3-N100mg/L, petroleum-type 100mg/L, sulfide 50mg/L, volatile phenol 50mg/L, Di Iso Propyl Ether 80mg/L, muriate 120mg/L, TSS50mg/L;
Add the gasification cyanide wastewater of volumn concentration height to 20% in the described DCL/Direct coal liquefaction high-concentration sewage; Consisting of of described gasification cyanide wastewater: k
+10mg/L, Na
+2930mg/L, Ca
2+400mg/L, Mg
2+40mg/L, NH
4+0mg/L, Cl4940mg/L, SO
4 2-50mg/L, Fe50mg/L, Cu0.02mg/L, F
-30mg/L, with O
2COD300mg/L, dissolved solids 7800mg/L, suspended solids 100mg/L, the Ba of meter
2+0.4mg/L, As0.1mg/L, Co0.01mg/L, Cd0.01mg/L, Cr1mg/L, Hg0.003mg/L, Mn0.03mg/L, Mo0.4mg/L, Ni0.5mg/L, P1mg/L, Pb0.1mg/L, U0.3mg/L, V0.05mg/L, Zn0.02mg/L, CN
-Free 10mg/L, CN
-Chemical combination 25mg/L, SCN
-5mg/L, Br
-6mg/L, B5mg/L, Se
2-/ H
2Se45mg/L, total cure thing 5mg/L, the total inorganics 30mg/L of BOD200mg/L, TIC, TOC total organic matter 125mg/L;
Wherein, in the step (1), described acidifying is that the pH value with sewage is adjusted to 5.5～6.5; In the step (3), described acidifying is that the pH value with sewage is adjusted to 6.5～7.5; In the step (4), described alkalization is that the pH value with sewage is adjusted to 7.5～8.5;
In the step (1), the acid that described acidifying is used is sulfuric acid and/or hydrochloric acid; In the step (3), the acid that described acidifying is used is sulfuric acid and/or hydrochloric acid; In the step (4), the alkali that described alkalization is used is yellow soda ash and sodium hydroxide; And the weight ratio of yellow soda ash and sodium hydroxide is 100:1;
Particularly, described method is:
Make DCL/Direct coal liquefaction high-concentration sewage pressurization enter air flotation turbo, add polymerize aluminum chloride and polyacrylamide and make it with sewage fully reacts at feed-water end, enter the processing of dissolved air flotation section then; Be specially: oleaginousness is not more than the pressurization of 100mg/L DCL/Direct coal liquefaction high-concentration sewage enters air flotation turbo, add 50～100mg/L polymerize aluminum chloride and 30～80mg/L polyacrylamide and make it and sewage fully reacts at feed-water end, enter the dissolved air flotation section then and handle; In the dissolved air flotation section, microbubble absorption oil droplet holds up oil droplet, reaches the purpose of oily water separation; The dissolved air flotation section is provided with the chain-type scraping machine, strikes off surface scum, and oleaginousness is less than 10mg/L in the design water outlet; The water outlet oleaginousness of handling through air flotation turbo less than total clearance of 10mg/L, COD about 10%;
Make described air flotation turbo water outlet enter the priming reservoir, by pressurization sewage is promoted to described even matter jar then; Be specially: described air flotation turbo water outlet gravity flow enters the biochemical priming reservoir of high-concentration sewage, by pump sewage is promoted to described even matter jar then;
The sewage that enters described even matter jar is stayed for some time at this; Be specially: the sewage that enters described even matter jar stopped 20～30 hours at this;
Sewage in the described even matter jar is imported in the acidification pool, by acidifying the pH value is adjusted to 5.5～6.5; Be specially: will be in the sewage importing acidification pool more than 8 from the pH value of described even matter jar, and add hydrochloric acid and/or sulfuric acid then the pH value is adjusted to 5.5～6.5;
Sewage in the described acidification pool is imported in the anaerobic biological pond, carry out anaerobic treatment by microorganism; Be specially: described anaerobic biological pond is divided into eight groups of Pyatyi parallel runnings, and hydraulic detention time is 33.33 hours; Water inlet upper water-out overflow mode step by step water distribution is installed 3 layers of carrier brackets under every grade of employing in the pond in, loads efficiently suspend 2 layers of dedicated carriers and be loaded with the microorganism wheel animalcule of polyurethane foam, and carrier effectively contacts 21.33 hours; The bottom arranges aeration tube and shore pipe;
To by acidifying the pH value be adjusted to 6.5～7.5 from the sewage in described anaerobic biological pond; Be specially: the pH value from the anaerobic biological pond is about 8 sewage by adding sour pump and add hydrochloric acid and/or sulfuric acid being adjusted to 6.5～7.5 with the pH value;
Sewage after the above-mentioned acidifying is imported in the facultative anaerobic biochemical pond, by the microorganism oxygen processing of holding concurrently; Be specially: described facultative anaerobic biochemical pond is divided into eight groups of Pyatyi parallel runnings, and the overflow mode step by step of water inlet upper water-out is arranged under every grade of employing; 3 layers of carrier brackets are installed in the pond, and 2 layers in special efficient suspension dedicated carrier sponge also is loaded with the microorganism flagellate, and carrier effectively contacts 20.67 hours; The bottom in described facultative anaerobic biochemical pond arranges aeration tube and is used for stirring and back flushing, and moving gas-water ratio at ordinary times is 20:1, and the bottom arranges shore pipe; Aerobic biochemical pond effluent recycling utilizes the carbon source in the water inlet to carry out denitrification to the facultative anaerobic biochemical pond, and the nitrated basicity that provides of back segment ammonia nitrogen is provided simultaneously, reduces to add alkali number, reduces running cost, prevents that anaerobism from producing hydrogen sulfide; Establish 4 groups of dissolved oxygen in-line meters in the described facultative anaerobic biochemical pond, control DO＜1mg/l is to guarantee treatment effect;
To by alkalization the pH value be adjusted to 7.5～8.5 from the sewage in described facultative anaerobic biochemical pond; Be specially: the pH value from the facultative anaerobic biochemical pond is about 7 sewage by adding alkali pump and add yellow soda ash and/or sodium hydroxide being adjusted to 7.5～8.5 with the pH value;
Sewage after the above-mentioned alkalization is imported in the aerobic biochemical pond, carry out aerobic treatment by microorganism; Be specially: the feed-water end in described aerobic biochemical pond adds the nitrification liquid sodium carbonate solution, and dosage is by 3～5L/m
3The water design; Described aerobic biochemical pond is eight groups of Pyatyi parallel runnings, water inlet upper water-out overflow mode step by step water distribution under every grade of employing; 3 layers of carrier brackets are installed in the pond, are loaded 2 layers in efficient suspension dedicated carrier urethane carrier and be loaded with the microorganism nematode, carrier effectively contacts 20.0 hours; Bottom, described aerobic biochemical pond is installed the 3T-ADS aerating system and is used for aeration, and gas-water ratio is 40:1, and the bottom arranges shore pipe; The pond water outlet of described aerobic biochemical through pump promote be back to described facultative anaerobic biochemical pond before, the dilution water source when higher as debugging and influent quality; Backflow ratio 1:1; Establish 4 groups of dissolved oxygen in-line meters in the described aerobic biochemical pond, DO is at 2～4mg/L in control, with the effect that guarantees that aerobe is handled; The froth breaking facility is set, to avoid producing too much foam in the aeration tank in the pond;
To import the charcoal absorption pond from the sewage in described aerobic biochemical pond, and contact with gac suspension then and carry out adsorption treatment; Be specially: make the sewage from described aerobic biochemical pond enter mixing pit; Powdered Activated Carbon is made into suspension with water earlier in joining the charcoal pond, water outlet fully mixes after squeezing into mixing pit and handle in the aerobic biochemical pond by pump, enters adsorption tank; In adsorption tank, sewage fully contacts with Powdered Activated Carbon then, and the COD in the waste water and other pollutent are by charcoal absorption;
To import coagulation reaction tank from the sewage in described charcoal absorption pond, add polymerize aluminum chloride then and cationic polyacrylamide is handled; Be specially: make the sewage from described charcoal absorption pond enter coagulation reaction tank, in coagulation reaction tank, add 50～100mg/L polymerize aluminum chloride and 30～80mg/L cationic polyacrylamide then, fully mix, react;
To import coagulative precipitation tank from the sewage of described coagulation reaction tank, carry out the mud-water separation processing at this by leaving standstill;
To import from the sewage of described coagulative precipitation tank and filter the priming reservoir; Be specially: will enter from the sewage of described coagulative precipitation tank and filter the priming reservoir, the process lift pump is promoted to the Filtration Adsorption jar with the sewage of described coagulative precipitation tank;
To import the Filtration Adsorption jar from the sewage of described filtration priming reservoir, filter and adsorption treatment by multi-medium filtering and biologic active carbon filtration device at this.
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| 煤液化高浓度污水生化处理工程技术研究;范树军;《工程建设》;20010630;第43卷(第3期);45,54-57 * |
| 范树军.煤液化高浓度污水生化处理工程技术研究.《工程建设》.2001,第43卷(第3期),45,54-57. |
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