CN102501357B - Polymer/foamed aluminium composite material and production method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A polymer/foam aluminum composite material and its production method, the polymer melt is filled into the pores of foam aluminum to form a composite material composed of foam aluminum and polymer; the polymer is polypropylene, polyethylene, One or more mixtures of polystyrene and polyoxymethylene. The production method of the polymer/foamed aluminum composite material comprises the following steps: embedding the foamed aluminum in a mould; injecting the polymer or the blend to obtain the polymer/foamed aluminum composite material; compounding the obtained polymer/foamed aluminum The material is kept in an oven at a temperature of 50-80°C for 1-3 hours.

Description

Polymer/foam aluminum composite material and production method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to a production method of a polymer/foam aluminum composite material, a polymer/foam aluminum composite material, and the use of the composite material.

Background technique

Alloys containing voids are called foamed metals or foamed metals, such as foamed aluminum, foamed nickel, foamed copper, etc. Foamed aluminum is made by adding additives to pure aluminum or aluminum alloy and undergoing a foaming process. Because of its special loose pore structure, low density, light weight, large specific surface area, and high specific mechanical properties, it has many unique properties. , Such as: good sound absorption, sound insulation, electromagnetic shielding, damping, shock absorption and other properties. At present, aluminum foam is widely used in machinery, energy, communication, medicine, construction, military industry, aerospace and other industries, and is used to manufacture various shock absorbers, filters, mufflers, high-speed grinder protective covers, automobile anti-shock blocks, aircraft machines, etc. Various components such as holders for load-carrying equipment, noise reduction devices for pneumatic tools and steam power plants, factory soundproof walls, and door interior noise reduction parts. However, single foamed aluminum cannot be used as a structural material alone due to its performance defects, such as low strength and modulus.

Polymers, also known as polymer materials, have many properties that metals cannot match, such as high specific strength, low density, corrosion resistance, self-lubricating properties and good processing properties. But it also has shortcomings, such as poor thermal conductivity and heat resistance, and poor electrical conductivity.

In order to combine materials such as aluminum foam and polymers, aluminum foam composite materials with excellent performance are prepared through composite methods. At present, there have been reports on the preparation of thermosetting materials such as silicone rubber and epoxy resin by the osmotic pressure method to fill foamed aluminum composites. A static and dynamic study was carried out. Yu Yinghua et al. selected rosin, epoxy resin and epoxy resin nano-montmorillonite polymer materials as the filling phase of the foamed aluminum pores, and carried out quasi-static compression tests on the four materials, which proved that the foamed aluminum The performance of composite materials has been improved. However, epoxy resin is a kind of polymer with a cross-linked network structure, although it has good mechanical properties, electrical properties and adhesive properties. But its biggest weakness is that it is brittle after curing, and its impact resistance and stress cracking ability are poor. Silicone rubber has the advantages of flexibility, low surface energy, heat resistance, weather resistance, water repellency, and high dielectric strength. However, there are also poor mechanical properties, adhesion, and organic solvent resistance. It is mainly formed by applying a certain pressure to make the thermosetting monomer with good fluidity penetrate into the pores of foamed aluminum and then solidify through chemical reaction. Due to the limited size of the applied pressure, certain gas will be generated after the chemical reaction, etc., the obtained product is not dense. The scope of application of this process method is relatively limited.

Contents of the invention

One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a polymer/foam aluminum composite material, which integrates excellent mechanical properties, thermal conductivity and damping resistance.

In order to solve the above problems, the polymer/foamed aluminum composite material provided by the present invention fills the polymer melt into the pores of the foamed aluminum to form a composite material made of foamed aluminum and polymer; the polymer is polypropylene, One or more mixtures of polyethylene, polystyrene and polyoxymethylene.

The polymer/foamed aluminum composite material is preferably foamed aluminum with a porosity of 50%-80% and a pore diameter of 3-5mm. The aluminum foam is more preferably an open-cell interconnected aluminum foam.

The polymer/foam aluminum composite material, when the polymer is polypropylene, the compressive strength of the composite material is 31.5~46.2MPa, the bending strength is 47.2~65.1MPa, and the bending modulus is 2875~3903MPa, Charpy unnotched impact strength of 115-165KJ/m ² , thermal conductivity of 0.58-1.2W/m/K, density of 1.4-1.85g/cm ³ ; when the polymer is polyoxymethylene, the composite material The compressive strength is 66.4~84.7MPa, the bending strength is 64.1~76.8MPa, the bending modulus is 5907~7135MPa, the unnotched impact strength of simply supported beam is 32.7~56.3KJ/m ² , and the thermal conductivity is 0.57~1.18W/m /K, the density is 1.58~2.02g/cm ³ ; when the polymer is polyethylene, the compressive strength of the composite material is 30.8~44.7MPa, the bending strength is 45.3~63.3MPa, and the bending modulus is 2832~3788MPa , Charpy unnotched impact strength of 109~158KJ/m ² , thermal conductivity of 0.83~1.82W/m/K, density of 1.48~1.96g/cm ³ ; when the polymer is polystyrene, the The compressive strength of the composite material is 57.2~69.1MPa, the bending strength is 54.6~68.6MPa, the bending modulus is 4187~5426MPa, the Charpy unnotched impact strength is 28.1~46.9KJ/m ² , and the thermal conductivity is 0.43~0.94W /m/K, the density is 1.51~2.03g/cm ³ .

Another object of the present invention is also to provide a method for preparing polymer/foamed aluminum composite materials by injection method, which has high efficiency, controllable molding process, many types of polymers that can be filled, and polymers/foams with different properties can be obtained according to needs. Aluminum foam composite.

In order to solve the above problems, the basic production method of polymer/foam aluminum composite material of the present invention comprises the following steps:

S1: install the aluminum foam in the mold on the injection molding equipment;

S2: Inject one or more mixtures of polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, and polyoxymethylene with a melt index MI≥2g/10min into the pores of aluminum foam to obtain a polymer/aluminum foam composite material ;

S3: keeping the polymer/aluminum foam composite material obtained in step S2 at a temperature of 50-80° C. for 1-3 hours.

Preferably, the foamed aluminum is also subjected to pretreatment before step S1, and the pretreatment includes washing with acidic solution, alkaline solution, and water to remove metal filings, mineral salts, and grease in the pores of the foamed aluminum, and then placing it at 80 to 100 Dry at a temperature of °C.

Preferably, the process parameters for the injection of a polymer or a blend of multiple polymers described in step S2 are: mold temperature is 50-100°C, one or more of polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyoxymethylene The injection process parameters of more than one mixture are: the mold temperature is 50-100°C, the melt temperature is higher than the melting point temperature of the polymer but lower than the decomposition temperature of the polymer, the sol pressure is 70-90MPa, and the injection pressure is The pressure is 90~140MPa, the injection speed is 52~68cm ³ /s, the holding pressure is 80~100MPa, the holding time is 15~30s, and the cooling time is 12~15s.

Preferably, the pretreatment described in step S1 is to use 5wt%~8wt% HCI solution for 2~10 minutes, then soak in 5wt%~8wt% NaOH solution for 2~10 minutes, rinse with water to make the rinse solution of the foamed aluminum in a medium After curing, dry at 80-100°C for 2-3 hours, then use 0.5wt%-2wt% alcohol solution of foamed aluminum coupling agent for surface treatment, and then dry at 80-100°C Dry for 2~3 hours.

The coupling agent can use silane, aluminate coupling agent, etc., and the coupling agent is preferably one or more mixtures selected from silane coupling agents.

A further aspect of the present invention provides that the composite material according to the present invention is used as energy-absorbing, shockproof and impact protection material, such as PP filled aluminum foam can be used for the head bumper of automobiles and trains, automobile side door panels, guard plates, etc., and Materials for automobile energy-absorbing devices, anti-collision guardrails, etc.; PE-filled foam aluminum is used for sound-absorbing and shock-proof materials, such as for building interior decoration materials; PS-filled foam aluminum is used as structural materials for packaging, such as for packaging boxes for machine transportation ; POM filled aluminum foam is used for wear-resistant structural materials, such as for the manufacture of sliding bearings, bearing bushes, elastic gaskets, seals and other wear-resistant structural parts.

Beneficial effects brought by the present invention: the present invention adopts the injection molding process, and by adjusting and controlling the parameters of the injection molding process, the polymer fluid is filled in the pores of foamed aluminum, thereby preparing a composite material with excellent mechanical properties, thermal conductivity, and damping resistance. One-piece polymer/foam aluminum composite.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the microstructural figure of embodiment PP/foam aluminum composite material;

Fig. 2 is the microscopic topography figure of embodiment PP/foam aluminum composite material;

Figure 3 is a photo of the interface of the PP/aluminum foam composite material of the embodiment (light gray is aluminum, dark black is PP).

Detailed ways

Select the open-cell connected aluminum foam with a porosity of 50% to 80% and a pore size of 3 to 5mm, treat it with a 5wt% to 8wt% HCI solution for 2 to 10 minutes, and then soak it in a 5wt% to 8wt% NaOH solution for 2~ After 10 minutes, rinse with water to make the rinse solution of foamed aluminum neutral, then dry at 80~100°C for 2~3 hours, and then use 0.5wt%~2wt% alcohol solution of silane coupling agent on foamed aluminum After surface treatment, dry at 80-100°C for 2-3 hours. The pretreated foamed aluminum is packed into the mold cavity of the mold cavity size of the injection molding equipment and the size of the foamed aluminum is matched, the mold is closed, and the injection process parameters are set: the injection molding machine model used in each embodiment of the present invention is LS-80 type, the mold temperature is 50-100°C, and the melt temperature is selected as 190-240°C. Usually, the polymer melt temperature is higher than the melting point temperature of the polymer by 30-50°C, but lower than the decomposition temperature of the polymer. The sol pressure is 70~90MPa, the injection pressure is 90~140MPa, the injection speed is 52~68cm ³ /s, the holding pressure is 80~100MPa, the holding time is 15~30S, and the cooling time is 12~15S. Injection processing is performed, and the polymer with a melt index MI≥2g/10min is injected and filled into the foamed aluminum pores. Cool and open the mold to take out the plastic part, and keep it warm for 1~3h at a temperature of 50~80°C for post-processing. Subsequent processing, including milling, drilling, grinding, etc., can be selected according to needs.

The product obtained in the present invention is processed into various test specimens required for testing, and the compression, bending, and impact properties of the material, as well as the thermal conductivity, density test and microstructure analysis of the material are carried out. Taking the composite material formed by polypropylene (PP) and aluminum foam as an example, the properties of the obtained PP/aluminum foam composite are shown in Table 1.

Table 1: Properties of PP/aluminum foam composites

the PP PP/foam aluminum composite material Test method standard Compressive strength MPa 29.5 31.5~46.2 GB/T1041-2008 Bending strength MPa 34.4 47.2~65.1 GB/T9341-2000 Flexural modulus MPa 1720 2875~3903 GB/T9341.2000 Charpy unnotched impact strength KJ/m ² 121.3 115-165 GB/T1043.1-2008 Thermal conductivityW/m/K 0.23 0.58~1.2 GB/T3392-82 Density g/cm ³ 0.91 1.4~1.85 GB/T1033-1986

Using the microscopic analysis method, the interface analysis of the material was carried out. Concrete result is referring to Fig. 1,2,3, and wherein Fig. 1 is the microstructure figure of embodiment PP/foamed aluminum composite material; Fig. 2 is the microcosmic morphology figure of embodiment PP/foamed aluminum composite material; Fig. 3 is embodiment PP/foamed aluminum composite material microstructure figure; The interface photo of the aluminum foam composite material, the light gray (left) is aluminum, and the dark black (right) is PP.

Example 1:

Select the ellipsoidal open-cell connected aluminum foam with a porosity of 65% and a pore size of 4mm, treat it with 6.5wt% HCI solution for 5 minutes, then soak it in 6wt% NaOH solution for 6 minutes, and rinse it with water to make the rinse solution of the foamed aluminum After it becomes neutral, dry it at 90°C for 2.5 hours, then use foam aluminum 1.5wt% alcohol solution of KH550 silane coupling agent for surface treatment, and then dry it at 90°C for 2.4 hours. After pretreatment, aluminum foam with a porosity of 65% is embedded in the mold, and the injection molding process parameters are set as follows: mold temperature is 70°C, melt temperature is 230°C, sol pressure is 80MPa, and the melt index of polypropylene (PP) MI≥ 2g/10min, the injection pressure is 115MPa, the injection speed is 60cm ³ /s, the holding pressure is 90 MPa, the holding time is 25S, the cooling time is 13S, take it out and put it in an oven at 70℃ for 1.5h. Take it out and cool it to get the polymer/foam aluminum composite material.

Example 2

Select a spherical open-cell connected aluminum foam with a porosity of 50% and a pore size of 3mm, treat it with 8wt% HCI solution for 2 minutes, then soak it in 5wt% NaOH solution for 10 minutes, and rinse it with water so that the rinse solution of the foamed aluminum is neutral. After drying, dry at 80°C for 3 hours, then use foam aluminum 0.5wt% alcohol solution of KH560 and KH550 mixed silane coupling agent for surface treatment, and then dry at 80°C for 3 hours. After the pretreatment, aluminum foam with a porosity of 50% is embedded in the mold, and the injection molding process parameters are set as follows: the mold temperature is 80°C, the melt temperature is 240°C, the sol pressure is 90MPa, and the melt index of polypropylene (PP) MI≥ 2g/10min, the injection pressure is 140MPa, the injection speed is 52cm ³ /s, the holding pressure is 100MPa, the holding time is 30S, the cooling time is 12S, take it out and put it in an oven at 50℃ for 2h. Take it out and cool it to get the polymer/foam aluminum composite material.

Example 3

Select a spherical open-cell connected aluminum foam with a porosity of 75% and a pore size of 4.8mm, treat it with 5wt% HCI solution for 10 minutes, then soak it in 8wt% NaOH solution for 2 minutes, and rinse it with water so that the rinse solution of the foamed aluminum is After neutralization, dry at 100°C for 2 hours, then use foam aluminum 2wt% alcohol solution of KH570 silane coupling agent for surface treatment, and dry at 100°C for 2 hours. After pretreatment, aluminum foam with a porosity of 80% is embedded in the mold, and the injection molding process parameters are set as follows: the mold temperature is 60°C, the melt temperature is 220°C, the sol pressure is 70MPa, and the melt index of polypropylene (PP) MI≥ 2g/10min, the injection pressure is 90MPa, the injection speed is 68cm ³ /s, the holding pressure is 80MPa, the holding time is 15S, the cooling time is 15S, take it out and put it in an oven at 80℃ for 3h. Take it out and cool it to get the polymer/foam aluminum composite material.

Example 4

Select a spherical open-cell connected aluminum foam with a porosity of 80% and a pore size of 5mm, treat it with 7wt% HCI solution for 4 minutes, then soak it in 6wt% NaOH solution for 7 minutes, and rinse it with water to make the rinse solution of the foamed aluminum medium. After drying, dry at 82°C for 2.8 hours, then use 0.8wt% alcohol solution of KH792 silane coupling agent on aluminum foam for surface treatment, and then dry at 85°C for 2.7 hours. After pretreatment, aluminum foam with a porosity of 80% is embedded in the mold, and the injection molding process parameters are set as follows: mold temperature is 78°C, melt temperature is 225°C, sol pressure is 80MPa, and the melt index of polypropylene (PP) MI≥ 2g/10min, the injection pressure is 110MPa, the injection speed is 52cm ³ /s, the holding pressure is 90MPa, the holding time is 30S, the cooling time is 12S, take it out and put it in an oven at 65℃ for 2h. Take it out and cool it to get the polymer/foam aluminum composite material.

Table 2: Performance comparison of PP/aluminum foam composites with different porosities prepared by injection molding.

Example 5:

Select a spherical open-cell connected aluminum foam with a porosity of 65% and a pore size of 4mm, treat it with 6.5wt% HCI solution for 5 minutes, then soak it in 6wt% NaOH solution for 6 minutes, and rinse it with water so that the rinse solution of the foamed aluminum is After neutralization, dry at 90°C for 2.5 hours, then use 1.5wt% alcohol solution of KH550 silane coupling agent on aluminum foam for surface treatment, and dry at 95°C for 2.4 hours. After pretreatment, aluminum foam with a porosity of 65% is embedded in the mold, and the injection molding process parameters are set as follows: the mold temperature is 80°C, the melt temperature is 200°C, the sol pressure is 80MPa, and the melt index of polyoxymethylene (POM) MI≥ 2g/10min, the injection pressure is 90MPa, the injection speed is 60cm ³ /s, the holding pressure is 80MPa, the holding time is 25S, the cooling time is 13S, take it out and put it in an oven at 55℃ for 2.5h. Take it out and cool it to get the polymer/foam aluminum composite material.

Example 6

Select the ellipsoidal open-cell connected aluminum foam with a porosity of 50% and a pore size of 3mm, treat it with 8wt% HCI solution for 2 minutes, then soak it in 5wt% NaOH solution for 10 minutes, and rinse it with water so that the rinse solution of the foamed aluminum is After neutralization, dry at 80°C for 3 hours, then use 0.5wt% aluminum foam KH560 and KH550 mixed silane coupling agent alcohol solution for surface treatment, and then dry at 80°C for 3 hours. After the pretreatment, aluminum foam with a porosity of 50% is embedded in the mold, and the injection molding process parameters are set as follows: the mold temperature is 70°C, the melt temperature is 210°C, the sol pressure is 90MPa, and the melting index of polyoxymethylene (POM) MI≥ 2g/10min, the injection pressure is 100MPa, the injection speed is 52cm ³ /s, the holding pressure is 90MPa, the holding time is 30S, the cooling time is 12S, take it out and put it in an oven at 70℃ for 2h. Take it out and cool it to get the polymer/foam aluminum composite material.

Example 7

Select a spherical open-cell connected aluminum foam with a porosity of 80% and a pore size of 4.8mm, treat it with 5wt% HCI solution for 10 minutes, then soak it in 8wt% NaOH solution for 2 minutes, and rinse it with water so that the rinse solution of the foamed aluminum is After neutralization, dry at 100°C for 2 hours, then use foam aluminum 2wt% alcohol solution of KH570 silane coupling agent for surface treatment, and dry at 100°C for 2 hours. After pretreatment, aluminum foam with a porosity of 80% is embedded in the mold, and the injection molding process parameters are set as follows: mold temperature is 90°C, melt temperature is 190°C, sol pressure is 70MPa, polyoxymethylene (POM) melt index MI≥2g /10min, the injection pressure is 110MPa, the injection speed is 68cm ³ /s, the holding pressure is 80 MPa, the holding time is 15S, the cooling time is 15S, take it out and put it in an oven at 60℃ for 3h. Take it out and cool it to get the polymer/foam aluminum composite material.

Table 3: Performance comparison of POM/aluminum foam composites with different porosity prepared by injection molding method.

Embodiment 8:

Select a spherical open-cell connected aluminum foam with a porosity of 65% and a pore size of 4mm, treat it with 6.5wt% HCI solution for 5 minutes, then soak it in 6wt% NaOH solution for 6 minutes, and rinse it with water so that the rinse solution of the foamed aluminum is After neutralization, dry at 90°C for 2.5 hours, then use 1.5wt% aluminum foam KH550 silane coupling agent alcohol solution for surface treatment, and dry at 85°C for 2.6 hours. After pretreatment, aluminum foam with a porosity of 65% is embedded in the mold, and the injection molding process parameters are set as follows: mold temperature is 70°C, melt temperature is 190°C, sol pressure is 80MPa, and the melt index of polyethylene (PE) MI≥ 2g/10min, the injection pressure is 100MPa, the injection speed is 60cm ³ /s, the holding pressure is 80MPa, the holding time is 25S, the cooling time is 13S, take it out and put it in an oven at 55℃ for 2.5h. Take it out and cool it to get the polymer/foam aluminum composite material.

Example 9

Select a spherical open-cell connected aluminum foam with a porosity of 50% and a pore size of 3mm, treat it with 8wt% HCI solution for 2 minutes, then soak it in 5wt% NaOH solution for 10 minutes, and rinse it with water so that the rinse solution of the foamed aluminum is neutral. After drying, dry at 80°C for 3 hours, then use foam aluminum 0.5wt% alcohol solution of KH560 and KH550 mixed silane coupling agent for surface treatment, and then dry at 80°C for 3 hours. After the pretreatment, aluminum foam with a porosity of 50% is embedded in the mold, and the injection molding process parameters are set as follows: the mold temperature is 60°C, the melt temperature is 220°C, the sol pressure is 90MPa, and the melt index of polyethylene (PE) MI≥ 2g/10min, the injection pressure is 90MPa, the injection speed is 52cm ³ /s, the holding pressure is 100MPa, the holding time is 30S, the cooling time is 12S, take it out and put it in an oven at 50℃ for 3h. Take it out and cool it to get the polymer/foam aluminum composite material.

Example 10

Select a spherical open-cell connected aluminum foam with a porosity of 80% and a pore size of 4.8mm, treat it with 5wt% HCI solution for 10 minutes, then soak it in 8wt% NaOH solution for 2 minutes, and rinse it with water so that the rinse solution of the foamed aluminum is After neutralization, dry at 100°C for 2 hours, then use foam aluminum 2wt% alcohol solution of KH570 silane coupling agent for surface treatment, and dry at 100°C for 2 hours. After pretreatment, aluminum foam with a porosity of 80% is embedded in the mold, and the injection molding process parameters are set as follows: mold temperature is 50°C, melt temperature is 240°C, sol pressure is 70MPa, and the melt index of polyethylene (PE) MI≥ 2g/10min, the injection pressure is 90MPa, the injection speed is 68cm ³ /s, the holding pressure is 80MPa, the holding time is 15S, the cooling time is 15S, take it out and put it in an oven at 60℃ for 2.5h. Take it out and cool it to get the polymer/foam aluminum composite material.

Table 4: Performance comparison of PE/aluminum foam composites with different porosities prepared by injection molding.

Example 11:

Select a spherical open-cell connected aluminum foam with a porosity of 65% and a pore size of 4mm, treat it with 6.5wt% HCI solution for 5 minutes, then soak it in 6wt% NaOH solution for 6 minutes, and rinse it with water so that the rinse solution of the foamed aluminum is After neutralization, dry at 90°C for 2.5 hours, then use 1.5wt% alcohol solution of KH550 silane coupling agent on aluminum foam for surface treatment, and dry at 92°C for 2.5 hours. Aluminum foam with a porosity of 65% after pretreatment is embedded in the mold, and the injection molding process parameters are set as follows: mold temperature is 70°C, melt temperature is 190°C, sol pressure is 80MPa, polystyrene (PS) melt index MI ≥2g/10min, the injection pressure is 115MPa, the injection speed is 60cm ³ /s, the holding pressure is 90 MPa, the holding time is 25S, the cooling time is 13S, take it out and put it in an oven at 60℃ for 2.5h . Take it out and cool it to get the polymer/foam aluminum composite material.

Example 12

Select a spherical open-cell connected aluminum foam with a porosity of 50% and a pore size of 3mm, treat it with 8wt% HCI solution for 2 minutes, then soak it in 5wt% NaOH solution for 10 minutes, and rinse it with water so that the rinse solution of the foamed aluminum is neutral. After drying, dry at 80°C for 3 hours, then use foam aluminum 0.5wt% alcohol solution of KH560 and KH550 mixed silane coupling agent for surface treatment, and then dry at 80°C for 3 hours. Aluminum foam with a porosity of 50% is embedded in the mold after pretreatment, and the injection molding process parameters are set as follows: mold temperature is 60°C, melt temperature is 210°C, sol pressure is 90MPa, polystyrene (PS) melt index MI ≥2g/10min, the injection pressure is 140MPa, the injection speed is 52cm ³ /s, the holding pressure is 100MPa, the holding time is 30S, the cooling time is 12S, take it out and put it in an oven at 70℃ for 2h. Take it out and cool it to get the polymer/foam aluminum composite material.

Example 13

Select a spherical open-cell connected aluminum foam with a porosity of 80% and a pore size of 4.8mm, treat it with 5wt% HCI solution for 10 minutes, then soak it in 8wt% NaOH solution for 2 minutes, and rinse it with water so that the rinse solution of the foamed aluminum is After neutralization, dry at 100°C for 2 hours, then use foam aluminum 2wt% alcohol solution of KH570 silane coupling agent for surface treatment, and dry at 100°C for 2 hours. Aluminum foam with a porosity of 80% after pretreatment is embedded in the mold, and the injection molding process parameters are set as follows: mold temperature is 50°C, melt temperature is 220°C, sol pressure is 70MPa, polystyrene (PS) melt index MI ≥2g/10min, the injection pressure is 90MPa, the injection speed is 68cm ³ /s, the holding pressure is 80 MPa, the holding time is 15S, the cooling time is 15S, take it out and put it in an oven at 80℃ for 1.5h . Take it out and cool it to get the polymer/foam aluminum composite material.

Table 5: Performance comparison of PS/aluminum foam composites with different porosity prepared by injection molding method.

Example 14:

Select a spherical open-cell connected aluminum foam with a porosity of 65% and a pore size of 4mm, treat it with 6.5wt% HCI solution for 5 minutes, then soak it in 6wt% NaOH solution for 6 minutes, and rinse it with water so that the rinse solution of the foamed aluminum is After neutralization, dry at 90°C for 2.5 hours, then use 1.5wt% alcohol solution of KH550 silane coupling agent on aluminum foam for surface treatment, and dry at 90°C for 2.5 hours. Aluminum foam with a porosity of 65% was embedded in the mold after pretreatment, and the injection molding process parameters were set as follows: mold temperature 70°C, melt temperature 190°C, sol pressure 80MPa, weight of polypropylene (PP) 50 parts, polypropylene A mixture of 50 parts by weight of ethylene (PE), the melt index MI of the mixture is controlled to be ≥ 2g/10min, the injection pressure is 100MPa, the injection speed is 60cm ³ /s, the holding pressure is 80 MPa, the holding time is 25S, and the cooling time is 13S, take it out and put it in an oven with a temperature of 55°C for 2.5h. Take it out and cool it to get the polymer/foam aluminum composite material.

Example 15

Select a spherical open-cell connected aluminum foam with a porosity of 50% and a pore size of 3mm, treat it with 8wt% HCI solution for 2 minutes, then soak it in 5wt% NaOH solution for 10 minutes, and rinse it with water so that the rinse solution of the foamed aluminum is neutral. After drying, dry at 80°C for 3 hours, then use foam aluminum 0.5wt% alcohol solution of KH560 and KH550 mixed silane coupling agent for surface treatment, and then dry at 80°C for 3 hours. Aluminum foam with a porosity of 50% was embedded in the mold after pretreatment, and the injection molding process parameters were set as follows: mold temperature 60°C, melt temperature 220°C, sol pressure 90MPa, weight of polypropylene (PP) 50 parts, polypropylene A mixture of 50 parts by weight of ethylene (PE), the melt index MI of the mixture is controlled to be ≥ 2g/10min, the injection pressure is 90MPa, the injection speed is 52cm ³ /s, the holding pressure is 100 MPa, the holding time is 30S, and the cooling time is 12S, after taking it out, put it into an oven with a temperature of 50°C and keep it warm for 3h. Take it out and cool it to get the polymer/foam aluminum composite material.

Example 16

Select a spherical open-cell connected aluminum foam with a porosity of 80% and a pore size of 4.8mm, treat it with 5wt% HCI solution for 10 minutes, then soak it in 8wt% NaOH solution for 2 minutes, and rinse it with water so that the rinse solution of the foamed aluminum is After neutralization, dry at 100°C for 2 hours, then use foam aluminum 2wt% alcohol solution of KH570 silane coupling agent for surface treatment, and dry at 100°C for 2 hours. Aluminum foam with a porosity of 80% was embedded in the mold after pretreatment, and the injection molding process parameters were set as follows: mold temperature 50°C, melt temperature 240°C, sol pressure 70MPa, weight of polypropylene (PP) 50 parts and polypropylene A mixture of 50 parts by weight of ethylene (PE), the melt index MI of the mixture is controlled to be ≥ 2g/10min, the injection pressure is 90MPa, the injection speed is 68cm ³ /s, the holding pressure is 80 MPa, the holding time is 15S, and the cooling time is 15S, take it out and put it in an oven at 60°C for 2.5h. Take it out and cool it to get the polymer/foam aluminum composite material.

Table 6: Performance comparison of PP/PE/aluminum foam composites with different porosities prepared by injection molding.

The performance test method of polymer/foam aluminum composite material among the present invention all refers to the test method standard listed in Table 1.

The specific implementation manners of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with specific examples, which do not limit the present invention in any way. It should be understood that those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to these embodiments and specific implementations without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be covered by the definition of the claims and their equivalent replacements.

Claims (6)

1. A kind of polymer/foamed aluminum composite material, polymer melt is filled in the pore of foamed aluminum, forms the composite material that is made of foamed aluminum and polymer; Described polymer is polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene One of ethylene and polyoxymethylene, characterized in that: when the polymer is polypropylene, the compressive strength of the composite material is 31.5~46.2MPa, the bending strength is 47.2~65.1MPa, and the bending modulus is 2875~3903MPa , Charpy unnotched impact strength of 115~165KJ/m ² , thermal conductivity of 0.58~1.2W/m/K, density of 1.4~1.85g/cm ³ ; when the polymer is polyoxymethylene, the composite The compressive strength of the material is 66.4~84.7MPa, the bending strength is 64.1~76.8MPa, the bending modulus is 5907~7135MPa, the unnotched impact strength of the Charpy beam is 32.7~56.3KJ/m ² , and the thermal conductivity is 0.57~1.18W/ m/K, the density is 1.58~2.02g/cm ³ ; when the polymer is polyethylene, the compressive strength of the composite material is 30.8~44.7MPa, the flexural strength is 45.3~63.3MPa, and the flexural modulus is 2832~ 3788MPa, Charpy unnotched impact strength of 109~158KJ/m ² , thermal conductivity of 0.83~1.82W/m/K, density of 1.48~1.96g/cm ³ ; when the polymer is polystyrene, the The compressive strength of the composite material is 57.2~69.1MPa, the bending strength is 54.6~68.6MPa, the bending modulus is 4187~5426MPa, the Charpy unnotched impact strength is 28.1~46.9KJ/m ² , and the thermal conductivity is 0.43~0.94 W/m/K, density is 1.51-2.03g/cm ³ , the porosity of the aluminum foam is 50%-80%, and the pore diameter is 3-5mm, and the aluminum foam is an open-cell interconnected aluminum foam. 2. prepare the production method of polymer/foam aluminum composite material described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described production method comprises the following steps: S1: install the aluminum foam in the mold on the injection molding equipment; S2: Inject one of polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, and polyoxymethylene with a melt index MI≥2g/10min into the pores of aluminum foam by injection to obtain a polymer/aluminum foam composite material. The process parameters are: the mold temperature is 50~100°C, the melt temperature is higher than the melting point of the polymer but lower than the decomposition temperature of the polymer, the sol pressure is 70~90MPa, the injection pressure is 90~140MPa, and the injection pressure is 90~140MPa. The speed is 52~68cm ³ /s, the holding pressure is 80~100MPa, the holding time is 15~30s, and the cooling time is 12~15s; S3: keeping the polymer/aluminum foam composite material obtained in step S2 at a temperature of 50-80° C. for 1-3 hours. 3. The production method of the polymer/foamed aluminum composite material according to claim 2, characterized in that: before step S1, the foamed aluminum is also subjected to pretreatment, and the pretreatment includes the use of acidic solution, alkaline solution and water Rinse off the metal shavings, mineral salts, and grease in the pores of the aluminum foam, and then dry it at a temperature of 80-100°C. 4. the production method of polymer/foam aluminum composite material according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described pretreatment comprises that foam aluminum adopts the HCI solution treatment of 5wt%～8wt% for 2～10 minutes, then in 5wt% Soak in ~8wt% NaOH solution for 2~10 minutes; rinse with water to make the rinse solution of foamed aluminum neutral; dry the foamed aluminum at a temperature of 80~100°C for 2~3 hours; then use 0.5wt% of foamed aluminum ~2wt% alcohol solution of coupling agent for surface treatment, then dry at 80~100℃ for 2~3h. 5. The production method of polymer/aluminum foam composite material according to claim 4, characterized in that: the coupling agent is selected from one or more mixtures of silane coupling agents. 6. The purposes of the described polymer/foam aluminum composite material of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described composite material is used as energy-absorbing, sound-absorbing, shockproof and/or impact protection material; Be used for the structural material of packaging; Grinding structural materials.

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