CN102501357B - Polymer/foamed aluminium composite material and production method thereof - Google Patents
Polymer/foamed aluminium composite material and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102501357B CN102501357B CN2011104064259A CN201110406425A CN102501357B CN 102501357 B CN102501357 B CN 102501357B CN 2011104064259 A CN2011104064259 A CN 2011104064259A CN 201110406425 A CN201110406425 A CN 201110406425A CN 102501357 B CN102501357 B CN 102501357B
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 44
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
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Abstract
A polymer/foamed aluminium composite material and a production method thereof; polymer melt is injected into voids of foamed aluminium to form a composite material composed of foamed aluminium and polymer; the polymer is a mixture of one or more than one of polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, and polyoxymethylene. The production method of the polymer/foamed aluminium composite material comprises the following steps: embedding foamed aluminium in a mold; preparing the polymer/foamed aluminium composite material by a injection molding method of the polymer or the mixture; performing heat preservation of the obtained polymer/foamed aluminium composite material in a baking oven at a temperature of 50-80 DEG C for 1-3 hours.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of production method of polymer/foamed aluminium composite material, a kind of polymer/foamed aluminium composite material, and the purposes of this composite.
Background technology
Be called foam metal or foaming metal containing empty alloy, as foaming aluminum, Foamed Nickel, foam copper etc.Foamed aluminium is add additive in fine aluminium or aluminium alloy after, through foam process, form, because it has special loose pore space structure, density is little, quality is light, specific area is large, higher than mechanics performance, performance with many uniquenesses, as: the performances such as good sound absorption, sound insulation, electromagnetic shielding, damping, damping.At present foamed aluminium is widely used in the industries such as machinery, the energy, communication, medical science, building, military project, space flight and aviation, for the manufacture of multiple parts such as the anti-sound wall of denoising device, factory of various dampers, filter, muffler, high speed grinding machine protective cover, automobile erosion control gear, aircraft airborne equipment clamper, pneumatic tool and steam power plant, the interior damper elements of door.But single foamed aluminium is due to the defect existed on performance, as lower as intensity, modulus, and can not as structural material, use separately.
Polymer, also claim macromolecular material, has the characteristic that many metals can not be compared, as height than strong, low-density, corrosion-resistant, there is self-lubricating property and good processing characteristics.But it also has deficiency, as heat conduction and poor heat resistance, poorly conductive.
For the materials such as foamed aluminium and polymer being combined, by the mode of Composite, the foamed aluminium composite material of processability excellence.Had at present by the report of the thermosets filled and process aluminium composite materials such as the standby silicon rubber of osmotic pressure legal system, epoxy resin, as journey and method etc. has prepared aluminium/silicon rubber composite material by filled silicon rubber in Open-cell Aluminum Foam, it has been carried out to quiet dynamic studies, wait and select rosin, epoxy resin and the epoxide resin nano imvite macromolecular material filling phase as the foamed aluminium hole in the quintessence, 4 kinds of materials have been carried out to the quasistatic compression test, proved that the performance of foamed aluminium composite material increases.But epoxy resin is the polymer that a class has cross-linked network structure, though there is good mechanical property, electric property and adhesive property.But its greatest weakness be after solidifying crisp, the resistance to impact of matter and the stress cracking ability poor.Silicon rubber has pliability, low-surface-energy, heat-resisting, weather-proof, hydrophobic, dielectric strength advantages of higher.But also exist as poor as mechanical property, adhesive force, organic solvent resistance it be mainly to utilize additional certain pressure to make to have in the hole that better mobility thermosetting monomer penetrates into foamed aluminium then by chemical reaction, to solidify formation afterwards.Because institute's plus-pressure size is limited, can produce certain reasons such as gas after chemical reaction, the product obtained is not fine and close.This process scope of application is also relatively limited.
Summary of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of polymer/foamed aluminium composite material, and this material integrates good mechanical property, thermal conductivity, antidamping.
In order to address the above problem, polymer/foamed aluminium composite material provided by the invention, be filled with polymer melt in the hole of foamed aluminium, forms the composite consisted of foamed aluminium and polymer; Described polymer is one or more the mixture in polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyformaldehyde.
Described polymer/foamed aluminium composite material, the porosity of preferred foams aluminium is 50% ~ 80%, the foamed aluminium that aperture is 3 ~ 5mm.Foamed aluminium is perforate communicate-type foamed aluminium more preferably.
Described polymer/foamed aluminium composite material, when described polymer is polypropylene, the compressive strength of described composite is that 31.5 ~ 46.2MPa, bending strength are that 47.2 ~ 65.1MPa, bending modulus are that 2875 ~ 3903MPa, simply supported beam unnotched impact strength are 115 ~ 165KJ/m
2, thermal conductivity factor is that 0.58 ~ 1.2W/m/K, density are 1.4 ~ 1.85g/cm
3; When described polymer is polyformaldehyde, the compressive strength of described composite is that 66.4 ~ 84.7MPa, bending strength are that 64.1 ~ 76.8MPa, bending modulus are that 5907 ~ 7135MPa, simply supported beam unnotched impact strength are 32.7 ~ 56.3KJ/m
2, thermal conductivity factor is that 0.57 ~ 1.18W/m/K, density are 1.58 ~ 2.02g/cm
3; When described polymer is polyethylene, the compressive strength of described composite is that 30.8 ~ 44.7MPa, bending strength are that 45.3 ~ 63.3MPa, bending modulus are that 2832 ~ 3788MPa, simply supported beam unnotched impact strength are 109 ~ 158KJ/m
2, thermal conductivity factor is that 0.83 ~ 1.82W/m/K, density are 1.48 ~ 1.96g/cm
3; When described polymer is polyphenyl alkene, the compressive strength of described composite is that 57.2 ~ 69.1MPa, bending strength are that 54.6 ~ 68.6MPa, bending modulus are that 4187 ~ 5426MPa, simply supported beam unnotched impact strength are 28.1 ~ 46.9KJ/m
2, thermal conductivity factor is that 0.43 ~ 0.94W/m/K, density are 1.51 ~ 2.03g/cm
3.
Another object of the present invention also provides the method that adopts injecting method to prepare polymer/foamed aluminium composite material, the method efficiency is high, forming process is controlled, the type of polymer that can fill is many, can obtain as required the polymer/foamed aluminium composite material of different performance.
In order to address the above problem, the basic production method of polymer/foamed aluminium composite material of the present invention comprises the following steps:
S1: foamed aluminium is arranged in the mould on injection-moulding device;
S2: one or more the mixture in the polypropylene of melt index MI >=2g/10min, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyformaldehyde is injected in the hole of foamed aluminium, makes polymer/foamed aluminium composite material;
S3: step S2 resulting polymers/foamed aluminium composite material is placed under the condition that temperature is 50 ~ 80 ℃ and is incubated 1 ~ 3h.
Preferably, before step S1, also foamed aluminium is carried out to pre-treatment, after described pre-treatment comprises the metal fillings that adopts acid solution, alkaline solution, water to rinse to remove in the foamed aluminium hole, mineral salt, grease, then be placed at the temperature of 80 ~ 100 ℃ and dry.
Preferably, the technological parameter of the blend injection of the described a kind of polymer of step S2 or multiple polymers is: mold temperature is 50 ~ 100 ℃, one or more mixture injection technological parameters in polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyformaldehyde are: mold temperature is 50 ~ 100 ℃, melt temperature is higher than the melting temperature of described polymer, and lower than the decomposition temperature of described polymer, colloidal sol pressure is 70 ~ 90MPa, and injection pressure is 90 ~ 140MPa, and injection speed is 52 ~ 68cm
3/ s, dwell pressure is 80 ~ 100MPa, and the dwell time is 15 ~ 30s, and be 12 ~ 15s cool time.
Preferably, the described pre-treatment of step S1 is for adopting 5wt% ~ 8wt% HCI solution-treated 2 ~ 10 minutes, in the NaOH of 5wt% ~ 8wt% solution, soak 2 ~ 10 minutes again, after the water flushing makes the flushing liquor of foamed aluminium be neutrality, be placed in again at the temperature of 80 ~ 100 ℃ and dry 2 ~ 3h, after the alcoholic solution that re-uses the coupling agent of foamed aluminium 0.5wt% ~ 2wt% carries out surface treatment, then dry 2 ~ 3h at 80 ~ 100 ℃ of temperature.
Coupling agent can be used silane, aluminate coupling agent etc., and described coupling agent is the mixture of one or more in silane coupler preferably.
Further aspect of the present invention, provide according to composite of the present invention as energy-absorbing, shockproof and surge guard material, as PP filled and process aluminium can be used for the head bumper of automobile and train, automobile side door-plate, backplate etc., and automobile energy-absorbing material, anti-collision rail etc. for device; PE filled and process aluminium is for sound-absorbing and packing, as for building inner decorative material; PS filled and process aluminium is as wrapping structural material, as for the machine packing box for transportation; POM filled and process aluminium is for wear-resistant structural material, as for the manufacture of abrasion-proof structure parts such as sliding bearing, bearing shell, elastomeric pad, seals.
The beneficial effect that the present invention brings: the present invention adopts injection molding technique, by adjusting and controlling the Shooting Technique parameter, make among the hole of polymer fluid filled and process aluminium, thereby prepare the polymer/foamed aluminium composite material of the mechanical property that integrates good, thermal conductivity, antidamping.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is embodiment PP/foamed aluminium composite material micro-structure diagram;
Fig. 2 is embodiment PP/ foamed aluminium composite material microscopic appearance figure;
Fig. 3 is embodiment PP/ foamed aluminium composite material interface photo (light grey is aluminium, and furvous is PP).
The specific embodiment
Select porosity 50%～80%, the perforate communicate-type foamed aluminium of pore size 3～5mm, adopt 5wt% ~ 8wt% HCI solution-treated after 2 ~ 10 minutes, in 5wt% ~ 8wt% NaOH solution, soak 2 ~ 10 minutes again, after the water flushing makes the flushing liquor of foamed aluminium be neutrality, be placed in again at the temperature of 80 ~ 100 ℃ and dry 2 ~ 3h, after the alcoholic solution that re-uses the silane coupler of foamed aluminium 0.5wt% ~ 2wt% carries out surface treatment, then dry 2 ~ 3h at 80 ~ 100 ℃ of temperature.Through the foamed aluminium of pre-treatment, pack in the die cavity of mold cavity size and foamed aluminium size coupling of injection-moulding device, matched moulds, set injection technological parameter: the injection machine model of using in various embodiments of the present invention is the LS-80 type, mold temperature is 50 ~ 100 ℃, melt temperature is elected 190 ~ 240 ℃ as, usually polymer-melt temperature is higher than 30 ~ 50 ℃ of described melting point polymer temperature, and lower than the decomposition temperature of described polymer, colloidal sol pressure is 70 ~ 90MPa, injection pressure is 90 ~ 140MPa, and injection speed is 52 ~ 68cm
3/ s, dwell pressure is 80 ~ 100MPa, and the dwell time is 15 ~ 30S, and be 12 ~ 15S cool time.Inject processing, the polymer of melt index MI >=2g/10min is injected and be full of foam aluminum pore.Plastic is taken out in cooling die sinking, is incubated 1 ~ 3h and carries out post processing at the temperature of 50 ~ 80 ℃.Following process, comprise mill, brill, mill etc., can be selected as required.
Products obtained therefrom of the present invention is processed into the required various test bars of test, has carried out thermal conductivity, density measurement and the Micro-Structure Analysis of compression, bending, impact property and the material of material.The polypropylene (PP) of take is example with the composite that foamed aluminium forms, and the performance of test gained PP/ foamed aluminium composite material is in Table 1.
Table 1: the performance of PP/ foamed aluminium composite material
| ? | PP | The PP/ foamed aluminium composite material | The method of testing standard |
| Compressive strength MPa | 29.5 | 31.5~46.2 | GB/T1041-2008 |
| Bending strength MPa | 34.4 | 47.2~65.1 | GB/T9341-2000 |
| Bending modulus MPa | 1720 | 2875~3903 | GB/T9341.2000 |
| Simply supported beam unnotched impact strength KJ/m 2 | 121.3 | 115-165 | GB/T1043.1-2008 |
| Thermal conductivity factor W/m/K | 0.23 | 0.58~1.2 | GB/T3392-82 |
| Density g/cm 3 | 0.91 | 1.4~1.85 | GB/T 1033-1986 |
Utilize Microstructural Analysis, carried out the interface analysis of material.Concrete outcome is referring to Fig. 1,2,3, and wherein Fig. 1 is embodiment PP/foamed aluminium composite material micro-structure diagram; Fig. 2 is embodiment PP/ foamed aluminium composite material microscopic appearance figure; Fig. 3 is embodiment PP/ foamed aluminium composite material interface photo, and light grey (left side) is aluminium, and furvous (right side) is PP.
Embodiment 1:
Select porosity 65%, the spheroid shape perforate communicate-type foamed aluminium of pore size 4mm, adopt 6.5wt% HCI solution-treated after 5 minutes, in 6wt% NaOH solution, soak 6 minutes again, after the water flushing makes the flushing liquor of foamed aluminium be neutrality, be placed in again at the temperature of 90 ℃ and dry 2.5h, after the alcoholic solution that re-uses the KH550 silane coupler of foamed aluminium 1.5wt% carries out surface treatment, then dry 2.4h at 90 ℃ of temperature.The foamed aluminium that after pre-treatment, porosity is 65% embeds in mould, and injecting molding machine is set and is: mold temperature is 70 ℃, and melt temperature is 230 ℃, colloidal sol pressure is 80MPa, the melt index MI of polypropylene (PP)>=2g/10min, injection pressure is 115MPa, injection speed is 60cm
3/ s, dwell pressure is 90 MPa, and the dwell time is 25S, and be 13S cool time, the baking oven insulation 1.5h that to put into temperature after taking-up be 70 ℃.The cooling polymer/foamed aluminium composite material that obtains after taking out.
Embodiment 2
Select porosity 50%, the ball-type perforate communicate-type foamed aluminium of pore size 3mm, adopt 8wt% HCI solution-treated after 2 minutes, in 5wt% NaOH solution, soak 10 minutes again, after the water flushing makes the flushing liquor of foamed aluminium be neutrality, be placed in again at the temperature of 80 ℃ and dry 3h, after the alcoholic solution that re-uses the KH560 of foamed aluminium 0.5wt% and KH550 mixed silanes coupling agent carries out surface treatment, then dry 3h at 80 ℃ of temperature.The foamed aluminium that after pre-treatment, porosity is 50% embeds in mould, and injecting molding machine is set and is: mold temperature is 80 ℃, and melt temperature is 240 ℃, colloidal sol pressure is 90MPa, the melt index MI of polypropylene (PP)>=2g/10min, injection pressure is 140MPa, injection speed is 52cm
3/ s, dwell pressure is 100 MPa, and the dwell time is 30S, and be 12S cool time, the baking oven insulation 2h that to put into temperature after taking-up be 50 ℃.The cooling polymer/foamed aluminium composite material that obtains after taking out.
Embodiment 3
Select porosity 75%, the ball-type perforate communicate-type foamed aluminium of pore size 4.8mm, adopt 5wt% HCI solution-treated after 10 minutes, in 8wt% NaOH solution, soak 2 minutes again, after the water flushing makes the flushing liquor of foamed aluminium be neutrality, be placed in again at the temperature of 100 ℃ and dry 2h, after the alcoholic solution that re-uses the KH570 silane coupler of foamed aluminium 2wt% carries out surface treatment, then dry 2h at 100 ℃ of temperature.The foamed aluminium that after pre-treatment, porosity is 80% embeds in mould, and injecting molding machine is set and is: mold temperature is 60 ℃, and melt temperature is 220 ℃, colloidal sol pressure is 70MPa, the melt index MI of polypropylene (PP)>=2g/10min, injection pressure is 90MPa, injection speed is 68cm
3/ s, dwell pressure is 80 MPa, and the dwell time is 15S, and be 15S cool time, the baking oven insulation 3h that to put into temperature after taking-up be 80 ℃.The cooling polymer/foamed aluminium composite material that obtains after taking out.
Embodiment 4
Select porosity 80%, the ball-type perforate communicate-type foamed aluminium of pore size 5mm, adopt 7wt% HCI solution-treated after 4 minutes, in 6wt% NaOH solution, soak 7 minutes again, after the water flushing makes the flushing liquor of foamed aluminium be neutrality, be placed in again at the temperature of 82 ℃ and dry 2.8h, after the alcoholic solution that re-uses the KH792 silane coupler of foamed aluminium 0.8wt% carries out surface treatment, then dry 2.7h at 85 ℃ of temperature.The foamed aluminium that after pre-treatment, porosity is 80% embeds in mould, and injecting molding machine is set and is: mold temperature is 78 ℃, and melt temperature is 225 ℃, colloidal sol pressure is 80MPa, the melt index MI of polypropylene (PP)>=2g/10min, injection pressure is 110MPa, injection speed is 52cm
3/ s, dwell pressure is 90 MPa, and the dwell time is 30S, and be 12S cool time, the baking oven insulation 2h that to put into temperature after taking-up be 65 ℃.The cooling polymer/foamed aluminium composite material that obtains after taking out.
Table 2: adopt injection molding forming method prepare different porosities the PP/ foamed aluminium composite material Performance Ratio.
Embodiment 5:
Select porosity 65%, the ball-type perforate communicate-type foamed aluminium of pore size 4mm, adopt 6.5wt% HCI solution-treated after 5 minutes, in 6wt% NaOH solution, soak 6 minutes again, after the water flushing makes the flushing liquor of foamed aluminium be neutrality, be placed in again at the temperature of 90 ℃ and dry 2.5h, after the alcoholic solution that re-uses the KH550 silane coupler of foamed aluminium 1.5wt% carries out surface treatment, then dry 2.4h at 95 ℃ of temperature.The foamed aluminium that after pre-treatment, porosity is 65% embeds in mould, and injecting molding machine is set and is: mold temperature is 80 ℃, and melt temperature is 200 ℃, colloidal sol pressure is 80MPa, the melt index MI of polyformaldehyde (POM)>=2g/10min, injection pressure is 90MPa, injection speed is 60cm
3/ s, dwell pressure is 80 MPa, and the dwell time is 25S, and be 13S cool time, the baking oven insulation 2.5h that to put into temperature after taking-up be 55 ℃.The cooling polymer/foamed aluminium composite material that obtains after taking out.
Embodiment 6
Select porosity 50%, the spheroid shape perforate communicate-type foamed aluminium of pore size 3mm, adopt 8wt% HCI solution-treated after 2 minutes, in 5wt% NaOH solution, soak 10 minutes again, after the water flushing makes the flushing liquor of foamed aluminium be neutrality, be placed in again at the temperature of 80 ℃ and dry 3h, after the alcoholic solution that re-uses the KH560 of foamed aluminium 0.5wt% and KH550 mixed silanes coupling agent carries out surface treatment, then dry 3h at 80 ℃ of temperature.The foamed aluminium that after pre-treatment, porosity is 50% embeds in mould, and injecting molding machine is set and is: mold temperature is 70 ℃, and melt temperature is 210 ℃, colloidal sol pressure is 90MPa, the melt index MI of polyformaldehyde (POM)>=2g/10min, injection pressure is 100MPa, injection speed is 52cm
3/ s, dwell pressure is 90 MPa, and the dwell time is 30S, and be 12S cool time, the baking oven insulation 2h that to put into temperature after taking-up be 70 ℃.The cooling polymer/foamed aluminium composite material that obtains after taking out.
Embodiment 7
Select porosity 80%, the ball-type perforate communicate-type foamed aluminium of pore size 4.8mm, adopt 5wt% HCI solution-treated after 10 minutes, in 8wt% NaOH solution, soak 2 minutes again, after the water flushing makes the flushing liquor of foamed aluminium be neutrality, be placed in again at the temperature of 100 ℃ and dry 2h, after the alcoholic solution that re-uses the KH570 silane coupler of foamed aluminium 2wt% carries out surface treatment, then dry 2h at 100 ℃ of temperature.The foamed aluminium that after pre-treatment, porosity is 80% embeds in mould, and injecting molding machine is set and is: mold temperature is 90 ℃, and melt temperature is 190 ℃, colloidal sol pressure is 70MPa, polyformaldehyde (POM) melt index MI>=2g/10min, injection pressure is 110MPa, injection speed is 68cm
3/ s, dwell pressure is 80 MPa, and the dwell time is 15S, and be 15S cool time, the baking oven insulation 3h that to put into temperature after taking-up be 60 ℃.The cooling polymer/foamed aluminium composite material that obtains after taking out.
Table 3: adopt injection molding forming method prepare different porosities the POM/ foamed aluminium composite material Performance Ratio.
Embodiment 8:
Select porosity 65%, the ball-type perforate communicate-type foamed aluminium of pore size 4mm, adopt 6.5wt% HCI solution-treated after 5 minutes, in 6wt% NaOH solution, soak 6 minutes again, after the water flushing makes the flushing liquor of foamed aluminium be neutrality, be placed in again at the temperature of 90 ℃ and dry 2.5h, after the alcoholic solution that re-uses the KH550 silane coupler of foamed aluminium 1.5wt% carries out surface treatment, then dry 2.6h at 85 ℃ of temperature.The foamed aluminium that after pre-treatment, porosity is 65% embeds in mould, and injecting molding machine is set and is: mold temperature is 70 ℃, and melt temperature is 190 ℃, colloidal sol pressure is 80MPa, the melt index MI of polyethylene (PE)>=2g/10min, injection pressure is 100MPa, injection speed is 60cm
3/ s, dwell pressure is 80 MPa, and the dwell time is 25S, and be 13S cool time, the baking oven insulation 2.5h that to put into temperature after taking-up be 55 ℃.The cooling polymer/foamed aluminium composite material that obtains after taking out.
Embodiment 9
Select porosity 50%, the ball-type perforate communicate-type foamed aluminium of pore size 3mm, adopt 8wt% HCI solution-treated after 2 minutes, in 5wt% NaOH solution, soak 10 minutes again, after the water flushing makes the flushing liquor of foamed aluminium be neutrality, be placed in again at the temperature of 80 ℃ and dry 3h, after the alcoholic solution that re-uses the KH560 of foamed aluminium 0.5wt% and KH550 mixed silanes coupling agent carries out surface treatment, then dry 3h at 80 ℃ of temperature.The foamed aluminium that after pre-treatment, porosity is 50% embeds in mould, and injecting molding machine is set and is: mold temperature is 60 ℃, and melt temperature is 220 ℃, colloidal sol pressure is 90MPa, the melt index MI of polyethylene (PE)>=2g/10min, injection pressure is 90MPa, injection speed is 52cm
3/ s, dwell pressure is 100 MPa, and the dwell time is 30S, and be 12S cool time, the baking oven insulation 3h that to put into temperature after taking-up be 50 ℃.The cooling polymer/foamed aluminium composite material that obtains after taking out.
Select porosity 80%, the ball-type perforate communicate-type foamed aluminium of pore size 4.8mm, adopt 5wt% HCI solution-treated after 10 minutes, in 8wt% NaOH solution, soak 2 minutes again, after the water flushing makes the flushing liquor of foamed aluminium be neutrality, be placed in again at the temperature of 100 ℃ and dry 2h, after the alcoholic solution that re-uses the KH570 silane coupler of foamed aluminium 2wt% carries out surface treatment, then dry 2h at 100 ℃ of temperature.The foamed aluminium that after pre-treatment, porosity is 80% embeds in mould, and injecting molding machine is set and is: mold temperature is 50 ℃, and melt temperature is 240 ℃, colloidal sol pressure is 70MPa, the melt index MI of polyethylene (PE)>=2g/10min, injection pressure is 90MPa, injection speed is 68cm
3/ s, dwell pressure is 80 MPa, and the dwell time is 15S, and be 15S cool time, the baking oven insulation 2.5h that to put into temperature after taking-up be 60 ℃.The cooling polymer/foamed aluminium composite material that obtains after taking out.
Table 4: adopt injection molding forming method prepare different porosities the PE/ foamed aluminium composite material Performance Ratio.
Embodiment 11:
Select porosity 65%, the ball-type perforate communicate-type foamed aluminium of pore size 4mm, adopt 6.5wt% HCI solution-treated after 5 minutes, in 6wt% NaOH solution, soak 6 minutes again, after the water flushing makes the flushing liquor of foamed aluminium be neutrality, be placed in again at the temperature of 90 ℃ and dry 2.5h, after the alcoholic solution that re-uses the KH550 silane coupler of foamed aluminium 1.5wt% carries out surface treatment, then dry 2.5h at 92 ℃ of temperature.The foamed aluminium that after pre-treatment, porosity is 65% embeds in mould, and injecting molding machine is set and is: mold temperature is 70 ℃, and melt temperature is 190 ℃, colloidal sol pressure is 80MPa, the melt index MI of polyphenyl alkene (PS)>=2g/10min, injection pressure is 115MPa, injection speed is 60cm
3/ s, dwell pressure is 90 MPa, and the dwell time is 25S, and be 13S cool time, the baking oven insulation 2.5h that to put into temperature after taking-up be 60 ℃.The cooling polymer/foamed aluminium composite material that obtains after taking out.
Embodiment 12
Select porosity 50%, the ball-type perforate communicate-type foamed aluminium of pore size 3mm, adopt 8wt% HCI solution-treated after 2 minutes, in 5wt% NaOH solution, soak 10 minutes again, after the water flushing makes the flushing liquor of foamed aluminium be neutrality, be placed in again at the temperature of 80 ℃ and dry 3h, after the alcoholic solution that re-uses the KH560 of foamed aluminium 0.5wt% and KH550 mixed silanes coupling agent carries out surface treatment, then dry 3h at 80 ℃ of temperature.The foamed aluminium that after pre-treatment, porosity is 50% embeds in mould, and injecting molding machine is set and is: mold temperature is 60 ℃, and melt temperature is 210 ℃, colloidal sol pressure is 90MPa, the melt index MI of polyphenyl alkene (PS)>=2g/10min, injection pressure is 140MPa, injection speed is 52cm
3/ s, dwell pressure is 100 MPa, and the dwell time is 30S, and be 12S cool time, the baking oven insulation 2h that to put into temperature after taking-up be 70 ℃.The cooling polymer/foamed aluminium composite material that obtains after taking out.
Embodiment 13
Select porosity 80%, the ball-type perforate communicate-type foamed aluminium of pore size 4.8mm, adopt 5wt% HCI solution-treated after 10 minutes, in 8wt% NaOH solution, soak 2 minutes again, after the water flushing makes the flushing liquor of foamed aluminium be neutrality, be placed in again at the temperature of 100 ℃ and dry 2h, after the alcoholic solution that re-uses the KH570 silane coupler of foamed aluminium 2wt% carries out surface treatment, then dry 2h at 100 ℃ of temperature.The foamed aluminium that after pre-treatment, porosity is 80% embeds in mould, and injecting molding machine is set and is: mold temperature is 50 ℃, and melt temperature is 220 ℃, colloidal sol pressure is 70MPa, the melt index MI of polyphenyl alkene (PS)>=2g/10min, injection pressure is 90MPa, injection speed is 68cm
3/ s, dwell pressure is 80 MPa, and the dwell time is 15S, and be 15S cool time, the baking oven insulation 1.5h that to put into temperature after taking-up be 80 ℃.The cooling polymer/foamed aluminium composite material that obtains after taking out.
Table 5: adopt injection molding forming method prepare different porosities the PS/ foamed aluminium composite material Performance Ratio.
Embodiment 14:
Select porosity 65%, the ball-type perforate communicate-type foamed aluminium of pore size 4mm, adopt 6.5wt% HCI solution-treated after 5 minutes, in 6wt% NaOH solution, soak 6 minutes again, after the water flushing makes the flushing liquor of foamed aluminium be neutrality, be placed in again at the temperature of 90 ℃ and dry 2.5h, after the alcoholic solution that re-uses the KH550 silane coupler of foamed aluminium 1.5wt% carries out surface treatment, then dry 2.5h at 90 ℃ of temperature.The foamed aluminium that after pre-treatment, porosity is 65% embeds in mould, injecting molding machine is set is: mold temperature is 70 ℃, melt temperature is 190 ℃, colloidal sol pressure is 80MPa, the mixture of 50 parts of polypropylene (PP) weight, 50 parts of polyethylene (PE) weight, the melt index MI of control mixture>=2g/10min, injection pressure is 100MPa, injection speed is 60cm
3/ s, dwell pressure is 80 MPa, and the dwell time is 25S, and be 13S cool time, the baking oven insulation 2.5h that to put into temperature after taking-up be 55 ℃.The cooling polymer/foamed aluminium composite material that obtains after taking out.
Embodiment 15
Select porosity 50%, the ball-type perforate communicate-type foamed aluminium of pore size 3mm, adopt 8wt% HCI solution-treated after 2 minutes, in 5wt% NaOH solution, soak 10 minutes again, after the water flushing makes the flushing liquor of foamed aluminium be neutrality, be placed in again at the temperature of 80 ℃ and dry 3h, after the alcoholic solution that re-uses the KH560 of foamed aluminium 0.5wt% and KH550 mixed silanes coupling agent carries out surface treatment, then dry 3h at 80 ℃ of temperature.The foamed aluminium that after pre-treatment, porosity is 50% embeds in mould, injecting molding machine is set is: mold temperature is 60 ℃, melt temperature is 220 ℃, colloidal sol pressure is 90MPa, the mixture of 50 parts of polypropylene (PP) weight, 50 parts of polyethylene (PE) weight, the melt index MI of control mixture>=2g/10min, injection pressure is 90MPa, injection speed is 52cm
3/ s, dwell pressure is 100 MPa, and the dwell time is 30S, and be 12S cool time, the baking oven insulation 3h that to put into temperature after taking-up be 50 ℃.The cooling polymer/foamed aluminium composite material that obtains after taking out.
Embodiment 16
Select porosity 80%, the ball-type perforate communicate-type foamed aluminium of pore size 4.8mm, adopt 5wt% HCI solution-treated after 10 minutes, in 8wt% NaOH solution, soak 2 minutes again, after the water flushing makes the flushing liquor of foamed aluminium be neutrality, be placed in again at the temperature of 100 ℃ and dry 2h, after the alcoholic solution that re-uses the KH570 silane coupler of foamed aluminium 2wt% carries out surface treatment, then dry 2h at 100 ℃ of temperature.The foamed aluminium that after pre-treatment, porosity is 80% embeds in mould, injecting molding machine is set is: mold temperature is 50 ℃, melt temperature is 240 ℃, colloidal sol pressure is 70MPa, the mixture that 50 parts of polypropylene (PP) weight and polyethylene (PE) weight are 50 parts, the melt index MI of control mixture>=2g/10min, injection pressure is 90MPa, injection speed is 68cm
3/ s, dwell pressure is 80 MPa, and the dwell time is 15S, and be 15S cool time, the baking oven insulation 2.5h that to put into temperature after taking-up be 60 ℃.The cooling polymer/foamed aluminium composite material that obtains after taking out.
Table 6: adopt injection molding forming method prepare different porosities the PP/PE/ foamed aluminium composite material Performance Ratio.
The equal listed method of testing standard with reference to table 1 of the performance test methods of polymer/foamed aluminium composite material in the present invention.
Below set forth in conjunction with specific embodiments the specific embodiment of the present invention, described embodiment does not also limit the present invention in any way.Should be appreciated that those skilled in the art can in the situation that do not deviate from scope and spirit of the present invention, carry out multiple change or modification to these embodiment and the specific embodiment.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should limiting and being equal to and replace institute and contain by claims.
Claims (6)
1. a polymer/foamed aluminium composite material, be filled with polymer melt in the hole of foamed aluminium, forms the composite consisted of foamed aluminium and polymer; Described polymer is a kind of in polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyformaldehyde, it is characterized in that: when described polymer is polypropylene, the compressive strength of described composite is that 31.5 ~ 46.2MPa, bending strength are that 47.2 ~ 65.1MPa, bending modulus are that 2875 ~ 3903MPa, simply supported beam unnotched impact strength are 115 ~ 165KJ/m
2, thermal conductivity factor is that 0.58 ~ 1.2W/m/K, density are 1.4 ~ 1.85g/cm
3; When described polymer is polyformaldehyde, the compressive strength of described composite is that 66.4 ~ 84.7MPa, bending strength are that 64.1 ~ 76.8MPa, bending modulus are that 5907 ~ 7135MPa, simply supported beam unnotched impact strength are 32.7 ~ 56.3KJ/m
2, thermal conductivity factor is that 0.57 ~ 1.18W/m/K, density are 1.58 ~ 2.02g/cm
3; When described polymer is polyethylene, the compressive strength of described composite is that 30.8 ~ 44.7MPa, bending strength are that 45.3 ~ 63.3MPa, bending modulus are that 2832 ~ 3788MPa, simply supported beam unnotched impact strength are 109 ~ 158KJ/m
2, thermal conductivity factor is that 0.83 ~ 1.82W/m/K, density are 1.48 ~ 1.96g/cm
3; When described polymer is polystyrene, the compressive strength of described composite is that 57.2 ~ 69.1MPa, bending strength are that 54.6 ~ 68.6MPa, bending modulus are that 4187 ~ 5426MPa, simply supported beam unnotched impact strength are 28.1 ~ 46.9KJ/m
2, thermal conductivity factor is that 0.43 ~ 0.94W/m/K, density are 1.51 ~ 2.03g/cm
3, the porosity of described foamed aluminium is 50% ~ 80%, and aperture is 3 ~ 5mm, and described foamed aluminium is perforate communicate-type foamed aluminium.
2. prepare the production method of the described polymer/foamed aluminium composite material of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described production method comprises the following steps:
S1: foamed aluminium is arranged in the mould on injection-moulding device;
S2: by a kind of hole that injects foamed aluminium by injection technique in the polypropylene of melt index MI>=2g/10min, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyformaldehyde, make polymer/foamed aluminium composite material, described injection technological parameter is: mold temperature is 50 ~ 100 ℃, melt temperature is higher than described melting point polymer temperature, and lower than the decomposition temperature of described polymer, colloidal sol pressure is 70 ~ 90MPa, and injection pressure is 90 ~ 140MPa, and injection speed is 52 ~ 68cm
3/ s, dwell pressure is 80 ~ 100MPa, and the dwell time is 15 ~ 30s, and be 12 ~ 15s cool time;
S3: step S2 resulting polymers/foamed aluminium composite material is placed under the condition that temperature is 50 ~ 80 ℃ and is incubated 1 ~ 3h.
3. the production method of polymer/foamed aluminium composite material according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: before step S1, also foamed aluminium is carried out to pre-treatment, after described pre-treatment comprises the metal fillings that adopts acid solution, alkaline solution and water to rinse to remove in the foamed aluminium hole, mineral salt, grease, then be placed at the temperature of 80 ~ 100 ℃ and dry.
4. the production method of polymer/foamed aluminium composite material according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described pre-treatment comprises that foamed aluminium adopts the HCI solution-treated 2 ~ 10 minutes of 5wt% ~ 8wt%, then soaks 2 ~ 10 minutes in the NaOH of 5wt% ~ 8wt% solution; Water rinses the flushing liquor that makes foamed aluminium and is neutral; Foamed aluminium is placed at the temperature of 80 ~ 100 ℃ and dries 2 ~ 3h; After the alcoholic solution that re-uses the coupling agent of foamed aluminium 0.5wt% ~ 2wt% carries out surface treatment, then dry 2 ~ 3h at 80 ~ 100 ℃ of temperature.
5. the production method of polymer/foamed aluminium composite material according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described coupling agent is selected from one or more mixtures in silane coupler.
6. the purposes of the described polymer/foamed aluminium composite material of claim 1 is characterized in that: described composite is as energy-absorbing, sound-absorbing, shockproof and/or surge guard material; Structural material for packing; For wear-resistant structural material.
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