CN102494878B - Automatic torsion load frequency spectrum loading system and loading method thereof - Google Patents
Automatic torsion load frequency spectrum loading system and loading method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102494878B CN102494878B CN201110362435.7A CN201110362435A CN102494878B CN 102494878 B CN102494878 B CN 102494878B CN 201110362435 A CN201110362435 A CN 201110362435A CN 102494878 B CN102494878 B CN 102494878B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic torsion load frequency spectrum loading system. A direct current motor is adopted for loading, a torsion sensor is used for testing load, and an industrial personal computer is used for controlling the loading processing; the direct current motor is electrically connected with a constant-current constant-voltage module, a voltage control signal input end of which is electrically connected with an output end of a manual/automatic conversion switch; one of two input ends of the conversion switch is electrically connected with an output signal of a potentiometer voltage adjusting circuit, and the other input end of the conversion switch is electrically connected with an output signal of a D/A card; the output of the torsion sensor is electrically connected with a simulation signal input end of the A/D card; the D/A card and the A/D card are all arranged in the industrial personal computer, and all have isolation functions; and automatic frequency spectrum loading process control application software is preassembled in the industrial personal computer, and a controlled variable-load relationship model and a practical load PID digital regulator are built in the software. The automatic torsion load frequency spectrum loading system can realize the automatic frequency spectrum loading of preloaded spectrum signals, and also can realize the free switching between the manual working mode and the automatic working mode.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mechanical test technical field, relate to automatic frequency spectrum loading system and the loading method thereof of torque load, in particular for Automatic torsion load frequency spectrum loading system and the loading method thereof of vehicle and agricultural machines parts performance engine bench test device.
Background technology
Because actual pavement test or field test are subject to the impact of the factor such as seasonal variations, test site larger, a large amount of manpower and materials are needed during test, and the test period is longer, so the performance test of vehicle and agricultural machines parts is generally all undertaken by indoor bench test.But vehicle and agricultural machines parts are in real road traveling or farm work process, its operating load is dynamic change, carries out static load research deeply can not disclose vehicle and agricultural machines parts to the response characteristic of dynamic load and real work performance thereof by means of only indoor bench test.Therefore, when indoor bench test, simulation real road travels or farm work operating mode, loads to tested parts representativeness and the accuracy that dynamic load can significantly improve indoor bench test, significant.But dynamic load when vehicle real road traveling or agricultural machinery farm work is mostly continuous print random load, has very wide frequency band range, if carry out simulation loading on indoor stand, require very high to the dynamic perfromance of charger.
The stand of existing vehicle and agricultural machines parts performance test indoor mostly adopts Dyn. or magnetic powder brake to load.China Patent No. is 200620130446.7, name is called " Farm Tractor driving System Load Run-in Stand ", employing Dyn. loads, use torsion torque sensor to detect actual loaded load, utilize long-range industrial computer to load moment of torsion by the adjustment of programmed control Dyn..China Patent No. is 200410019970.2, name is called " automobile gear box loading check test bench ", employing direct current generator loads, use digital quadrant DC arrangements for speed regulation regulate DC motor speed and obtain different load-torques, adopt industrial control computer system and measure and control instrument to realize the automatic control of testing process.China Patent No. 89201057.6, name are called " Microcomputerized apparatus of applying hauled load for haulage experiment of vehicles ", employing magnetic powder brake loads, load closed-loop control system is formed, the stability contorting of passing ratio control realization load by microcomputer, controller, strain chip pulling force sensor and constant force device.Above system is all design for the needs loading steady load, although change load by manual shift or programmed control, cannot realize the loading by the fast-changing dynamic load of predetermined rule (i.e. loading spectrum).
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the deficiency for above-mentioned existing automatic loading device or system and a kind of Automatic torsion load frequency spectrum loading system and loading method thereof are provided, frequency band range is wide, load control accuracy is high, the automatic frequency spectrum that can realize predetermined load spectrum signal loads, and can realize freely switching of hand/automatic operation mode.
Automatic torsion load frequency spectrum loading system of the present invention adopts following technical scheme: comprise direct current loading motor, torque sensor and industrial control computer, direct current loading motor is arranged on testboard bay, one end of torque sensor and the output shaft of direct current loading motor are mechanically connected, tested parts on the other end and testboard bay or transmission output shaft are mechanically connected, the built-in D/A card of industrial control computer, the computer application software that A/D card and automatic frequency spectrum loading procedure control, D/A card is built-in with analog quantity spacing output circuit, A/D card is built-in with analog quantity Isolation input circuit, the computer application software that automatic frequency spectrum loading procedure controls is built-in with " controlled quentity controlled variable---load " relational model and real load pid number regulator, the output terminal electrical connection A/D card of torque sensor, the field copper of direct current loading motor is electrically connected with the lead-out terminal of constant current constant voltage module, constant current constant voltage module is electrically connected external electrical network and hand/automatic change over output terminal respectively, hand/automatic change over has the input end of two mutual exclusions, when it gets to " manually " position, first input end electrical connection potentiometer regulating circuit, when it gets to " automatically " position, second input end electrical connection D/A card, two input end electrical connection direct current regulation circuits of potentiometer regulating circuit.
The technical scheme that the loading method of Automatic torsion load frequency spectrum loading system of the present invention adopts comprises the steps:
A, being stored in industrial control computer by loading spectrum signal and reading loading spectrum file with the form of loading spectrum file, loading spectrum file comprises load value and the duration of total number of all points of load, maximum load, minimum load and each point of load;
B, judge whether maximum load and minimum load exceed the limit value preset, if transfinited, then report to the police and do not perform loading, otherwise, industrial control computer reads the data of first point of load in the total number of the point of load, determines the size of the controlled quentity controlled variable exporting to D/A card according to " controlled quentity controlled variable---load " relational model;
C, controlled quentity controlled variable is converted to voltage control signal by D/A card and exports, and start the duration of this point of load of timer timing;
D, industrial control computer judge whether the duration of this point of load is less than a load regulation and control cycle; If be less than, then waiting timer timing arrives; If be not less than, then gathered by the output signal of A/D card to torque sensor, calculate real load, by real load pid number regulator, controlled quentity controlled variable is regulated, export new controlled quentity controlled variable by D/A card, and the amendment residue duration;
E, carry out the judgement whether duration is less than load regulation and control cycle, so repeatedly regulate and control, until timer arrives, this point of load exports complete;
F, industrial control computer read the data of the next point of load and export, so one by one the output of the point of load, until all points of load all export complete.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, automatically can read the loading spectrum signal be stored in loading spectrum file, automatically control whole frequency spectrum loading procedure, and can carry out PID adjustment to actual output loads, loading system spectral range is wide, dynamic perfromance good, actual output loads is accurate.
2, hand/automatic operation mode can be realized change, controlled loading load can be carried out by the artificial adjusting knob by regulator potentiometer regulating circuit, also automatically can be loaded by predetermined load spectrum signal by industrial control computer control D/A card.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the hardware configuration schematic diagram of the automatic frequency spectrum loading system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the execution schematic flow sheet of automatic frequency spectrum loading procedure.
In figure: 1. testboard bay; 2. direct current loading motor; 3. torque sensor; 4. tested parts or speed change gear; 5. industrial control computer; 6. direct current regulation circuit; 7. potentiometer regulating circuit; 8. hand/automatic change over; 9. constant current constant voltage module; 10. external electrical network.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, be the hardware composition frame chart of automatic frequency spectrum loading system, Automatic torsion load frequency spectrum loading system comprises direct current loading motor 2, torque sensor 3 and industrial control computer 5.Direct current loading motor 2 is arranged on testboard bay 1, one end of torque sensor 3 and the output shaft of direct current loading motor 2 are mechanically connected, tested parts on the other end and testboard bay 1 or speed change gear 4 output shaft are mechanically connected, and direct current loading motor 2 drives running by tested parts or speed change gear 4.The field copper of direct current loading motor 2 is electrically connected with the lead-out terminal of constant current constant voltage module 9.The power input terminal of constant current constant voltage module 9 is electrically connected with external electrical network 10, and the voltage control signal input terminal of constant current constant voltage module 9 is electrically connected with the output terminal of hand/automatic change over 8.When voltage control signal changes, the output current (being also the exciting current of direct current loading motor 2) of constant current constant voltage module 9 changes thereupon, and the moment of resistance be added on tested parts or speed change gear 4 by direct current loading motor 2 also changes thereupon.Hand/automatic change over 8 has the input end of an output terminal and two mutual exclusions.When it gets to " manually " position, input end electrically connects with the input end of the output signal end of electrical connection potentiometer regulating circuit 7; When it gets to " automatically " position, input end electrically connects with the input end of electrical connection D/A card output signal end.Potentiometer regulating circuit 7 has an output terminal and two input ends, two input end electrical connection direct current regulation circuits 6.D/A card is arranged in industrial control computer 5, and D/A card is built-in with analog quantity spacing output circuit, has analog quantity isolation and amplifier function.The input end of analog signal of the output signal end electrical connection A/D card of torque sensor 3.A/D card is arranged in industrial control computer 5, and A/D card is built-in with analog quantity Isolation input circuit, has analog quantity Isolation input function.Be preinstalled with the computer application software realizing automatic frequency spectrum loading procedure and control in industrial control computer 5, automatic frequency spectrum loading procedure controls to be built-in with " controlled quentity controlled variable---load " relational model and real load pid number regulator in application software." controlled quentity controlled variable---load " relational model determines the corresponding relation between controlled quentity controlled variable that predetermined loaded load and industrial control computer 5 export to D/A card; And the difference between the real load that real load pid number regulator can record according to predetermined loaded load and torque sensor 3, controlled quentity controlled variable industrial control computer 5 being exported to D/A card carries out PID adjustment.
As shown in Figure 2, be the execution flow process of automatic frequency spectrum loading procedure.Loading spectrum signal is stored in industrial control computer 5 with the form of loading spectrum file.Loading spectrum file adopts .txt document format data, comprises that load is counted, load range and point of load data three data fields, and point of load data field comprises a long shape data, stores the total number of the point of load in loading spectrum file; Load range district comprises two real-coded GA, and first is the maximum load in all points of load, and second is the minimum load in all points of load, unit kN.m; Point of load data field is concrete point of load data, stores load value and the duration of each point of load successively, and load value is real-coded GA, unit kN.m, and the duration is also real-coded GA, unit second.Read loading spectrum file by industrial control computer 5, judge whether maximum load and minimum load exceed the limit value preset, load limit value manually can preset on the interface that automatic frequency spectrum loading procedure controls application software.If transfinited, then provide overload alarm, and do not perform loading; If do not transfinited, then industrial control computer 5 reads the data of first point of load, determines the size of the controlled quentity controlled variable exporting to D/A card according to " controlled quentity controlled variable---load " relational model; Then, by D/A card, controlled quentity controlled variable is converted to voltage control signal and exports, and start the duration of this point of load of timer timing immediately.Next, industrial control computer 5 judges whether the duration of this point of load is less than a load regulation and control cycle.If be less than, then directly waiting timer timing arrives; If be not less than, then gathered by the output signal of A/D card to torque sensor 3, calculate real load, by real load pid number regulator, controlled quentity controlled variable is regulated, export new controlled quentity controlled variable by D/A card, and the amendment residue duration.And then carry out the judgement whether duration is less than a load regulation and control cycle, so repeatedly regulate and control, until timer arrives.Timer arrives, and this point of load exports complete, and industrial control computer 5 reads the data of the next point of load immediately and exports.The output of the point of load so one by one, until all points of load all export complete.
Finally should be noted that, above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although with reference to preferred embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify to technical scheme of the present invention or equivalent replacement, and not departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed within right of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. an Automatic torsion load frequency spectrum loading method, adopt Automatic torsion load frequency spectrum loading system, this loading system comprises direct current loading motor (2), torque sensor (3) and industrial control computer (5), direct current loading motor (2) is arranged on testboard bay (1), one end of torque sensor (3) and the output shaft of direct current loading motor (2) are mechanically connected, tested parts on the other end and testboard bay (1) or speed change gear (4) output shaft are mechanically connected, the built-in D/A card of described industrial control computer (5), the computer application software that A/D card and automatic frequency spectrum loading procedure control, D/A card is built-in with analog quantity spacing output circuit, A/D card is built-in with analog quantity Isolation input circuit, the computer application software that automatic frequency spectrum loading procedure controls is built-in with " controlled quentity controlled variable---load " relational model and real load pid number regulator, the output terminal electrical connection A/D card of torque sensor (3), the field copper of direct current loading motor (2) is electrically connected with the lead-out terminal of constant current constant voltage module (9), constant current constant voltage module (9) is electrically connected external electrical network (10) and hand/automatic change over (8) output terminal respectively, hand/automatic change over (8) has the input end of two mutual exclusions, when it gets to " manually " position, first input end electrical connection potentiometer regulating circuit (7), when it gets to " automatically " position, second input end electrical connection D/A card, two input ends electrical connection direct current regulation circuit (6) of potentiometer regulating circuit (7), it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A, being stored in industrial control computer (5) by loading spectrum signal and reading loading spectrum file with the form of loading spectrum file, loading spectrum file comprises load value and the duration of total number of all points of load, maximum load, minimum load and each point of load;
B, judge whether maximum load and minimum load exceed the limit value preset, if transfinited, then report to the police and do not perform loading, otherwise, industrial control computer (5) reads the data of first point of load in the total number of the point of load, determines the size of the controlled quentity controlled variable exporting to D/A card according to " controlled quentity controlled variable---load " relational model;
C, controlled quentity controlled variable is converted to voltage control signal by D/A card and exports, and start the duration of this point of load of timer timing;
D, industrial control computer (5) judge whether the duration of this point of load is less than a load regulation and control cycle; If be less than, then waiting timer timing arrives; If be not less than, then gathered by the output signal of A/D card to torque sensor (3), calculate real load, by real load pid number regulator, controlled quentity controlled variable is regulated, export new controlled quentity controlled variable by D/A card, and the amendment residue duration;
E, carry out the judgement whether duration is less than load regulation and control cycle, so repeatedly regulate and control, until timer arrives, this point of load exports complete;
F, industrial control computer (5) read the data of the next point of load and export, the output of the point of load so one by one, until all points of load all export complete.
2. loading method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described loading spectrum file adopts .txt document format data, comprise that load is counted, load range and point of load data three data fields, point of load data field comprises a long shape data, stores the total number of the point of load in loading spectrum file; Load range district comprises two real-coded GA, and first is the maximum load in all points of load, and second is the minimum load in all points of load; Point of load data field is concrete point of load data, stores load value and the duration of each point of load successively, and load value is real-coded GA, and the duration is real-coded GA.
3. loading method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described " controlled quentity controlled variable---load " relational model determines that the model of the corresponding relation between the controlled quentity controlled variable of D/A card exported to by predetermined loaded load and industrial control computer (5); Difference between the real load that described real load pid number regulator records according to predetermined loaded load and torque sensor (3), controlled quentity controlled variable industrial control computer (5) being exported to D/A card carries out PID adjustment.
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| CN103170910B (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2015-06-17 | 北京工业大学 | Numerical control grinder load spectrum data transfer sampling rate device and numerical control grinder load spectrum data transfer sampling rate method |
| CN105890904B (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2018-04-03 | 广西大学 | A kind of servomotor testing platform load conversion control method |
| CN108267313B (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2019-09-17 | 中国航发中传机械有限公司 | The load test control method and system of tail reducer of helicopter control stick bearing |
| CN109405873B (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2020-08-11 | 北京理工大学 | Rapid high-precision loading control method for dynamic load spectrum |
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| CN101793605A (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2010-08-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Dynamic loading methods based on servo motor |
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| CN200986494Y (en) * | 2006-11-17 | 2007-12-05 | 中国一拖集团有限公司 | Tractor transmission load running test-bed |
| CA2698456A1 (en) * | 2010-03-30 | 2011-09-30 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Rotary drive tool torque testing |
| CN101793605A (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2010-08-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Dynamic loading methods based on servo motor |
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