CN102491898B - Method for simultaneously extracting chlorogenic acid and sunflower protein from sunflower seed meals - Google Patents
Method for simultaneously extracting chlorogenic acid and sunflower protein from sunflower seed meals Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for simultaneously extracting chlorogenic acid and sunflower protein from sunflower seed meals, comprising the following steps: 1) crushing degreased sunflower seed meals, then carrying out alcohol extraction by using an ethanol solution, collecting the supernatant to obtain a chlorogenic acid crude extract, and collecting precipitates to obtain the sunflower seed meals processed by extracting chlorogenic acid; 2) putting the chlorogenic acid crude extract on macroporous adsorption resin to carry out static adsorption, after the static adsorption, putting the chlorogenic acid crude extract on macroporous adsorption resin to carry out dynamic adsorption, collecting eluents when elution undergoes for 65-125min, condensing and drying to obtain chlorogenic acid lyophilized powder; and 3) crushing the sunflower seed meals obtained by the step 1) , then carrying out salt extraction by using a sodium chloride solution, collecting the supernatant, carrying out centrifugation on the supernatant, then regulating the pH value by using an acidity regulator, and then precipitating, and collecting precipitates to obtain the sunflower protein. The method has the advantages of simple process, high yield, and high product purity, and has important application values.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of in sunflower meal the method for chlorogenic acid extracting and sunflower protein simultaneously.
Background technology
Chlorogenic acid (CGA) has another name called caffeotannic acid, is a kind of Ester being comprised of coffic acid (caffiec acid) and quinic acid (quinic acid) that plant produces in aerobic repiration process, molecular formula C
16h
18o
9, molecular weight 345.30.Chlorogenic acid has stronger pharmacologically active, has the function of prevention type ii diabetes and cardiovascular disorder.It is reported, that chlorogenic acid has is antiviral, antibacterium and antifungic action, and toxic side effect is lower.Chlorogenic acid is mainly present in Folium Eucommiae, in Japanese Honeysuckle and Sunflower Receptacle, it is reported that Sunflower Receptacle Cultivar Content of Chlorogenic Acid is 1.1%～4.5%, average out to 2.8%, there is abundant certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dregs of rice resource in China, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dregs of rice Content of Chlorogenic Acid is studied, not only can be promoted the comprehensive development and utilization of Sunflower Receptacle resource, and solved the overstocked problem of the Sunflower Receptacle producing region certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dregs of rice.
At present, more the domestic report of the research to sunflower meal chlorogenic acid alcohol extraction process, be limited to and analyze each single factor impact on chlorogenic acid yield, with orthogonal test method, determines its optimum process condition.Although traditional orthogonal test method can be considered several influence factors simultaneously, find best level of factor combination, but can not find out the definite function expression between factor and analog value, i.e. regression model, thus cannot find the best of breed of whole influence factors and the optimum value of response value.
Sunflower meal is after alcohol method proposes solution of chlorogenic acid, through lyophilize, can obtain certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dregs of rice chlorogenic acid crude extract, but wherein still contain the impurity such as a large amount of albumen, sugar, fat, the purity of product lower (now chlorogenic acid content is 16.6% left and right) not only, and directly affected stability and the range of application of product.Therefore, be extremely necessary it to carry out purification refine.Chlorogenic acid purification process mainly contains above mentioned ultrafiltration process, macroporous adsorbent resin, Thin-layer chromatography, ethyl acetate method, flocculation sediment separation, the water extraction milk of lime precipitator method, alcohol extracting lead salt precipitation and supercritical fluid extraction etc. at present.Wherein macroporous resin adsorption method for refining has that efficiency is high, steady quality, cost is low and the advantage such as simple, is the main flow of current chlorogenic acid purifying.Although the report to the separation and purification of chlorogenic acid material is not within minority, is limited to the Separation Research of Folium Eucommiae, Japanese Honeysuckle etc. more, and studies seldom about the purifying of sunflower meal chlorogenic acid material.Purification experiment is intended to affect by research the impact of the factors such as resin kind, sample solution concentration, eluent and elution flow rate of purification with macroreticular resin effect, filter out the macroporous adsorbent resin of best effect, and processing condition and the parameter of macroporous adsorbing resin for purification, purifying certain herbaceous plants with big flowers dregs of rice chlorogenic acid are studied, explore technical process, establish the feasible method of purifying.
Sunflower protein is a kind of quality protein, but owing to containing the albumen supressors such as chlorogenic acid in sunflower meal, energy and protein bound, make the color and luster obfuscation of albumen, and nutritive value and the utility value of the sunflower protein reducing.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of in sunflower meal the method for chlorogenic acid extracting and sunflower protein simultaneously.
Provided by the invention in sunflower meal the method for chlorogenic acid extracting and sunflower protein simultaneously, comprise the steps:
1) will after the pulverizing of degreasing sunflower meal, with aqueous ethanolic solution, carry out alcohol extracting, collect supernatant liquor and obtain chlorogenic acid crude extract, collecting precipitation obtains extracting the sunflower meal of chlorogenic acid;
2) by step 1) gained chlorogenic acid crude extract is splined on and in macroporous adsorbent resin, carries out Static Adsorption, after absorption, the elutriant of gained Static Adsorption is splined on and in described macroporous adsorbent resin, carries out dynamic adsorption, with aqueous ethanolic solution, carry out wash-out, collect elution time at the elutriant of the dynamic adsorption of 65-125 minute, after concentrate drying, obtain chlorogenic acid lyophilized powder;
3) by step 1) the gained sunflower meal that extracted chlorogenic acid carries out salt with sodium chloride aqueous solution after pulverizing and carries, and collects supernatant liquor and carries out centrifugal precipitate after regulating pH value with acidity regulator afterwards, and collecting precipitation obtains sunflower protein.
Aforesaid method step 1), in pulverising step, the order number after pulverizing is 20-100 order, preferably 50 orders; The concentration expressed in percentage by volume of described aqueous ethanolic solution is 10-90%, preferably 60%; In described alcohol extracting step, temperature is 20-80 ℃, and preferably 75 ℃, the time is 30-1200 minute, preferably 60 minutes; Degreasing sunflower meal after described pulverizing and the amount ratio of aqueous ethanolic solution are 1: (1-25), and preferably 1: 15.
Described step 2) in, the model of described macroporous adsorbent resin be following any one: NKA-II, D101, HPD-826, HPD-400, AB-8, BS-75, BS-45, BS-30, HPD100 and H103, preferably NKA-II type macroporous adsorbent resin; Filled media in described macroporous adsorptive resins is NKA-II type macroporous adsorbent resin; The blade diameter length ratio of described macroporous resin column is (2-4): 60, and preferably 2: 60; In the blade diameter length ratio of described macroporous resin column, the internal diameter that footpath is this resin column, height is the macroporous resin packing height in resin column;
In described Static Adsorption step, adsorption time is 0-24 hour, but does not comprise 0 hour, preferably 2 hours; The sample introduction concentration of described chlorogenic acid crude extract is 3.9-11.4mg/mL, preferred 8.64mg/mL, and sample introduction pH value is 2.5-6.8, preferably 3.62;
In described macroporous adsorbent resin dynamic adsorption step, the concentration expressed in percentage by volume of described aqueous ethanolic solution is 15-95%, preferably 95%, and adsorption time is 1-15 hour, preferably 8 hours; The consumption of described aqueous ethanolic solution is 1 times-4 times of described macroporous adsorbent resin volume, preferably 2 times; Elution rate is 1.0mL/min-2.0mL/min, preferably 1.5mL/min.
Described step 3), in, in described pulverising step, the order number after pulverizing is 20-150 order, preferably 60 orders; The concentration of described sodium chloride aqueous solution is 0.5-2.5mol/L, preferably 1.5mol/L mol/L; In described centrifugation step, rotating speed is 1000-5000r/min, preferred 3000r/min, and the time is 5-10 minute, preferably 7 minutes; Described acidity regulator is that concentration is aqueous hydrochloric acid, citric acid or the sulphuric acid soln of 0.5-5%, the aqueous hydrochloric acid that preferred concentration is 1%; In described adjusting pH value step, the final value of pH value is 3.5-9.5, preferably 7.5; Described salt is carried in step, and temperature is 20-50 ℃, preferably 35 ℃; Described step 1 after pulverizing) gained had extracted the sunflower meal of chlorogenic acid and the amount ratio of described sodium chloride aqueous solution is 0.3-0.7g: 1mL, preferably 0.3g: 1mL.
Described in sunflower meal the method for chlorogenic acid extracting and sunflower protein simultaneously, also comprise the steps: in described step 1) afterwards, described step 2) before, by described step 1) gained chlorogenic acid crude extract filters, concentrates, standing and centrifugal.Wherein, in described filtration step, filter opening diameter is 50-300 order, preferably 200 orders; In described enrichment step, temperature is 50-70 ℃, and preferably 55 ℃, cycles of concentration is 2-5 times, preferably 4 times; In described standing step, temperature is 0-4 ℃, and preferably 0 ℃, the time is 12-24 hour, preferably 12 hours; In described centrifugation step, rotating speed is 3000-5000r/min, preferred 3000r/min, and the time is 5-10 minute, preferably 7 minutes.
Described in sunflower meal the method for chlorogenic acid extracting and sunflower protein simultaneously, also comprise the steps: in described step 3) afterwards, described throw out after precipitating with acidity regulator is carried out to desalination and dry, obtain described sunflower protein.
The chlorogenic acid preparing according to the method described above and sunflower protein, also belong to protection scope of the present invention.
The method of while chlorogenic acid extracting provided by the invention and sunflower protein, after sunflower meal is carried out to sufficient chlorogenic acid extraction, the sunflower meal of take after chlorogenic acid extracting is raw material, carry out the extraction of sunflower protein, consider that the sunflower meal after chlorogenic acid extracting has chlorogenic acid residual, equally also can the albumen after extracting be exerted an influence, therefore, employing is assisted by sodium-chlor, carries out the extraction of sunflower protein, thereby obtain the sunflower protein of high-quality under low pH value and the auxiliary condition of sodium-chlor.The method simple process, extraction yield is high, has important using value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that UV method is surveyed CGA typical curve.
Fig. 2 is that HPLC method is surveyed CGA typical curve.
Fig. 3 is Linear Fit Chart.
Fig. 4 is exponential fitting figure.
Fig. 5 is cubic polynomial fitted figure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated, but the present invention is not limited to following examples.Described method is ordinary method if no special instructions.Described material all can obtain from open commercial sources if no special instructions.
Embodiment 1
1) degreasing sunflower meal is pulverized to the aqueous ethanolic solution that rear (the order number after pulverizing is 50 orders) is 60% by concentration expressed in percentage by volume and carry out alcohol extracting 60 minutes at 75 ℃, collect supernatant liquor and obtain chlorogenic acid crude extract, collecting precipitation obtains extracting the sunflower meal of chlorogenic acid; Wherein, the mass ratio of the degreasing sunflower meal after pulverizing and aqueous ethanolic solution is 1: 15;
2) by step 1) gained chlorogenic acid crude extract crosses 200 object screens, to remove step 1) after partial impurities in gained chlorogenic acid crude extract in 55 ℃ by after concentrated 4 times of this crude extract, standing 12 hours in 0 ℃ again, under the condition that is 3000r/min in rotating speed after centrifugal 7 minutes, by pH value, be 3.6, concentration is that the chlorogenic acid crude extract of 8.64mg/mL is splined in macroporous adsorbent resin and carries out Static Adsorption 2 hours, after absorption, the elutriant of gained Static Adsorption is splined on and in identical macroporous adsorbent resin, carries out dynamic adsorption, the aqueous ethanolic solution wash-out that is 95% by concentration expressed in percentage by volume 8 hours, collect elution time at the elutriant of the dynamic adsorption of 65-125 minute, after concentrate drying, obtain chlorogenic acid lyophilized powder,
In this step, big pore adsorption resin is NKA-II type macroporous adsorbent resin, and filled media is NKA-II type macroporous adsorbent resin; Blade diameter length ratio is 3: 60, and specification is 60cm * 3cm;
In dynamic adsorption step, the consumption of aqueous ethanolic solution used is 2 times of macroporous adsorbent resin volume, and elution rate is 1.5mL/min.
The purity of this step gained chlorogenic acid is 36.2%, and before purifying, the concentration of crude extract is only 16.6%, and after purifying, purity has improved nearly one times.By calculating, the rate of recovery of chlorogenic acid (being productive rate) is 79.6%.
3) by step 1) the gained sunflower meal that extracted chlorogenic acid carries out salt with the sodium chloride aqueous solution of concentration 1.5mol/L in 35 ℃ after crossing 60 mesh sieves and pulverizing and carries, wherein, the step 1 after pulverizing) gained had extracted the sunflower meal of chlorogenic acid and the amount ratio of sodium chloride aqueous solution is 0.3g: 1mL; Regather after supernatant liquor under the condition that is 3000r/min in rotating speed and get supernatant liquor after centrifugal 7 minutes, the aqueous hydrochloric acid that is 1% by acidity regulator mass percentage concentration precipitates after regulating pH value to 7.5, after collecting precipitation, carry out desalination and dry, obtain sunflower protein provided by the invention, purity is 85%, and productive rate is 68%.
Wherein, the detection method of this embodiment Content of Chlorogenic Acid purity, the rate of recovery (being also productive rate) is as follows:
1) foundation of typical curve takes chlorogenic acid (CGA) standard substance 5mg, with 95% ethanol constant volume, to 50mL, after shaking up, gets 0.5,0.75,2.0,1.25,2.0,2.5mL is placed in respectively 10mL volumetric flask, and is diluted to scale with the aqueous ethanolic solution that mass percentage concentration is 95%.The aqueous ethanolic solution that the mass percentage concentration of take is 95% is reference liquid, measures the light absorption value A of each concentration at 327nm place.The chlorogenic acid standard substance concentration of take is X-coordinate, take its absorbancy as ordinate zou drawing, obtains regression equation.According to langbobier law, in finite concentration scope internal absorbance value, be directly proportional to sample concentration, as shown in Figure 1, CGA concentration has good linear relationship when 0.01-0.03mg/mL, and to try to achieve equation of linear regression be Y=0.0169X+0.0002, R2=0.9952.
2) being determined in sample preparation liquid of the rate of recovery adds certain density chlorogenic acid standardized solution, measures absorbancy OD, according to the regression equation calculation rate of recovery in maximum absorption wave strong point after measured.R=R1/R2 (in formula: the R rate of recovery, R1 actual measured amount, R2 add-on) adopts application of sample absorption method.Get the sample of appropriate known content, precision adds a certain amount of chlorogenic acid reference substance respectively, and time-and-motion study in accordance with the law, with method revision test 5 times, records the average recovery rate of chlorogenic acid.The average average recovery of UV method is 1.16% as shown in Table 1, and visible UV method has good accuracy.
Table 1, UV method CGA rate of recovery table
3) foundation of chlorogenic acid high-efficiency liquid chromatography method for detecting
(1) liquid phase chromatogram condition chromatographic column: C18 post (250mm * 4.6mm, 5 μ m); Moving phase: the acetic acid aqueous solution that is 0.5% by mass percentage concentration and acetonitrile mix and obtain with volume ratio at 90: 10); Flow velocity: 1.0mL/min; Column temperature: 35 ℃; Detect wavelength: 327nm; Sample size: 10 μ L.
(2) foundation of typical curve equation takes chlorogenic acid standard substance 0.02g (being accurate to 0.0001g) in 100.0mL volumetric flask, adding moving phase dissolves and is settled to scale, mix, this standard solution stores in 4 ℃ of refrigerators, draw respectively this standard solution, with moving phase dilution and in volumetric flask the concentration of constant volume for not being 2.0,10.0,20.0,40.0,80.0 μ g/mL standard seriess, the chlorogenic acid standard substance concentration of take is X-coordinate, take its absorbancy as ordinate zou drawing (as shown in Figure 2), obtain regression equation.By calculating CGA equation of linear regression in HPLC method mensuration sunflower meal, be: Y=0.09946+0.22857X, R=0.99984, equation significance level is 0.0001.
(3) recovery test adopts and abovementioned steps 2) the identical method mensuration rate of recovery.Known CGA is linear dependence in the concentration range of 2-80 μ g/mL, and has good linear relationship.Average average recovery by the known HPLC method of table 2 is 95.8%, illustrates that HPLC method is accurately with believable.
Table 2, HPLC method CGA rate of recovery table
4) foundation of matched curve
In order to analyze the relation between HPLC method and UV method measurement result, adopted the method for linear matching, exponential fitting and polynomial fitting, linear fit is shown in Fig. 3, fit equation is: Y=0.9738X-3.8567, R2=0.9849, wherein X-axis is UV measurement result, Y-axis is HPLC measurement result.Exponential fitting is shown in Fig. 4, and its fit equation is Y=y0+Ae-x/t, y0=-2.01327E7, A=2.01327E7t=-2.06734E7, R2=0.98357.Polynomial fitting is shown in Fig. 5, and its equation is Y=A+BX+CX2+DX3, A=1.386, B=0.4082, C=0.0132, D=-8.434, R2=0.9856.From above-mentioned fitting result, can find out, HPLC method and the measured result of UV method there are differences, and in certain scope, the measured result of UV is greater than the measured result of HPLC, its major cause is in the process of measuring at UV, except chlorogenic acid, other aldehydes matter also has absorption at 327nm place, thereby for measuring, UV brought error, in order to improve the accuracy of UV assay method, adopt Origin8.0 to carry out matching to these two kinds of methods, result shows that the relation conefficient (R2=0.9856) of polynomial fitting is a little more than linear fit (R2=0.9849) and exponential fitting (R2=0.98357), selected Y=1.386+0.4082X+0.0132X2-8.438X3 is best fit equation thus.
5) checking of fit equation
As detecting sample, set up after fit equation take CGA standard substance, utilize UV method to measure the CGA in alcohol extract, through fit equation, proofread and correct the content of CGA, and by HPLC, calculation result is verified, result shows in certain concentration range (5.5-33 μ g/mL), and the measured result of the concentration value that sample is proofreaied and correct through fit equation and HPLC method is close, and the result that t checks shows, under 0.05 level, between two groups of data, there is no significant difference (p=0.6722).
Ultraviolet spectrophotometry is the normal detection method adopting in general routine test chamber.But complicated component is various in extracting solution, there is the interference of various impurity, cause measurement result error very large.High performance liquid chromatography with its efficiently, at a high speed, the advantage such as highly sensitive increases gradually in detecting application, but shortcoming is to utilize HPLC to detect to need the time longer, and cost is higher.Although more domestic scholars had research and compared the mensuration of the content of chlorogenic acid ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry and high performance liquid chromatography, but but UV is not measured and proofreaied and correct, the present invention provides the fit equation that UV method is measured CGA content, equation shows, within the scope of finite concentration (5.5-33 μ g/mL), this equation accurately and reliably, is measured the CGA content in batch samples quickly and accurately thereby can realize UV method.In actually operating, suggestion is controlled at CGA concentration in the scope of recommendation, if concentration is too low or too high, needs suitable concentrated or dilution, to guarantee the accuracy of test-results.
Table 4, polynomial fitting result verification
Note: SD is the standard deviation of fitting result and HPLC measurement result; RSD=SD/HPLC measurement result.
Claims (7)
1. a method for while chlorogenic acid extracting and sunflower protein in sunflower meal, comprises the steps:
1) will after the pulverizing of degreasing sunflower meal, with aqueous ethanolic solution, carry out alcohol extracting, collect supernatant liquor and obtain chlorogenic acid crude extract, collecting precipitation obtains extracting the sunflower meal of chlorogenic acid; In described step 1) pulverising step, the order number after pulverizing is 20-100 order; The concentration expressed in percentage by volume of described aqueous ethanolic solution is 60%; In described alcohol extracting step, temperature is 75 ℃, and the time is 60 minutes; Degreasing sunflower meal after described pulverizing and the mass ratio of aqueous ethanolic solution are 1:15;
2) step 1) gained chlorogenic acid crude extract is splined on and in macroporous adsorbent resin, carries out Static Adsorption, after absorption, the elutriant of gained Static Adsorption is splined on and in described macroporous adsorbent resin, carries out dynamic adsorption, with aqueous ethanolic solution, carry out wash-out, collect elution time at the elutriant of the dynamic adsorption of 65-125 minute, after concentrate drying, obtain chlorogenic acid lyophilized powder; Filled media in described macroporous adsorptive resins is NKA-II type macroporous adsorbent resin; The blade diameter length ratio of described macroporous resin column is 2:60; In described Static Adsorption step, adsorption time is 2 hours; The sample introduction concentration of described chlorogenic acid crude extract is 8.64mg/mL, and sample introduction pH value is 3.62; In described macroporous adsorbent resin dynamic adsorption step, the concentration expressed in percentage by volume of described aqueous ethanolic solution is 95%, and adsorption time is 8 hours; The consumption of described aqueous ethanolic solution is 2 times of described macroporous adsorbent resin volume; Elution rate is 1.5mL/min;
3) sunflower meal that step 1) gained had been extracted to chlorogenic acid carries out salt with sodium chloride aqueous solution after pulverizing to be carried, and collects supernatant liquor and carries out centrifugal precipitate after regulating pH value with acidity regulator afterwards, and collecting precipitation obtains sunflower protein; Order number after described pulverizing is 20-150 orders; The concentration of described sodium chloride aqueous solution is 1.5mol/L; In described adjusting pH value step, the final value of pH value is 7.5; Described salt is carried in step, 35 ℃ of temperature; Described step 1) gained after pulverizing had extracted the sunflower meal of chlorogenic acid and the amount ratio of described sodium chloride aqueous solution is 0.3g:1mL.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 1) pulverising step, the order number after pulverizing is 50 orders.
3. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: in described step 3), the order number after pulverizing is 60 orders; In described centrifugation step, rotating speed is 1000-5000r/min, and the time is 5-10 minute; Described acidity regulator is 1% aqueous hydrochloric acid.
4. method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described in sunflower meal the method for chlorogenic acid extracting and sunflower protein simultaneously, also comprise the steps: after described step 1), described step 2) before, described step 1) gained chlorogenic acid crude extract filtered, concentrate, standing and centrifuging and taking supernatant liquor.
5. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described by step 1) gained chlorogenic acid crude extract filter, concentrate, in standing and centrifugation step, in described filtration step, filter opening diameter is 50-300 order; In described enrichment step, temperature is 50-70 ℃, and cycles of concentration is 2-5 times; In described standing step, temperature is 0-4 ℃, and the time is 12-24 hour; In described centrifugation step, rotating speed is 3000-5000r/min, and the time is 5-10 minute.
6. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described by step 1) gained chlorogenic acid crude extract filter, concentrate, in standing and centrifugation step, in described filtration step, filter opening diameter is 200 orders; In described enrichment step, temperature is 55 ℃, and cycles of concentration is 4 times; In described standing step, temperature is 0 ℃, and the time is 12 hours; In described centrifugation step, rotating speed is 3000r/min, and the time is 7 minutes.
7. according to the arbitrary described method of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that: described in sunflower meal the method for chlorogenic acid extracting and sunflower protein simultaneously, also comprise the steps: after described step 3), described throw out after precipitating with acidity regulator is carried out to desalination and dry, obtain described sunflower protein.
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| CN106605765A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2017-05-03 | 丰益(上海)生物技术研发中心有限公司 | Extraction and application of sunflower meal proteins |
| CN109354574A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-02-19 | 武汉轻工大学 | A kind of preparation method of sunflower seeds chlorogenic acid and albumen powder |
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