CN102491719B - Straw ash molded building material free of burning and its preparation method - Google Patents

Straw ash molded building material free of burning and its preparation method Download PDF

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CN102491719B
CN102491719B CN 201110382347 CN201110382347A CN102491719B CN 102491719 B CN102491719 B CN 102491719B CN 201110382347 CN201110382347 CN 201110382347 CN 201110382347 A CN201110382347 A CN 201110382347A CN 102491719 B CN102491719 B CN 102491719B
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weight parts
stalk ash
construction
cement
preparation
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CN102491719A (en
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杨春
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Abstract

The invention discloses a straw ash molded building material free of burning. Mainly prepared from straw ash, cement, gypsum and quicklime, the molded building material contains a potassium salt and/or potassium oxide from straw ash. The preparation method of the molded building material adopts the following raw materials of: 50-70 parts by weight of straw ash, 5-10 parts by weight of cement, 5-15 parts by weight of gypsum, 5-15 parts by weight of quicklime, and 2-5 parts by weight of an accelerating agent. And the preparation process comprises: (1) mixing straw ash, gypsum, quicklime and cement uniformly under room temperature and normal pressure, then adding water accounting for 28-40 wt% of the mixed powder into the powder and conducting stirring till the mixed powder turns into a muddy state, then adding an accelerating agent and mixing them uniformly; and (2) adding the muddy mixture prepared in step (1) into a mold, and carrying out vibration molding under room temperature and normal pressure, then performing demolding and taking out a billet, which is then placed indoors for complete curing under room temperature and normal pressure.

Description

The unburned moulding material of construction of stalk ash and preparation method
Technical field
The invention belongs to building material field, relate to a kind of unburned moulding material of construction of stalk ash and preparation method who utilizes the stalk ash preparation.
Background technology
China is a large agricultural country, and according to reported in literature, the annual all kinds of agricultural crop straws of China surpass 700,000,000 tons, and Wheat Straw reaches 100,000,000 tons, occupies first place in the world.In recent years, under government encourage, agricultural crop straw recycled to have had further develop, except traditional chopping and returning, processing feed, also be used for papermaking and building and ornament materials etc.About 15% according to data report straw-returning, about 16% as feed, the industrial raw material utilization accounts for 3%, other stalks of nearly 70% are not recovered utilization, much all burned in atmosphere, and 15% efficiency of combustion is only arranged, be rural area and surrounding city air-polluting arch-criminal.
According to data, every kilogram of straw burning is equivalent to the heat that 500 gram standard coals produce, and average sulphur content only is 0.38%, and the content of coal is about 1%.At countries in Europe, stalk is used for generating alleviation coal demand becomes a main measure, for example just has 133 in Denmark and uses the straw burning power station.Current in China also progressively power station construction of utilization and extention burning straw, by the end of the year 2007, about hundred of the biomass direct combustion power generation projects of checking and approving, installed capacity 2500 megawatts, build up to throw and hand over more than project total installation of generating capacity 400 megawatts of generating electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems, by the end of the year 2008, only China state can biomass power generation group just have the biomass power plant of 10 30 megawatts and 7 12 megawatts to run.Currently mainly be distributed in China central and east and the north with burning straw as the power plant of power generation energy resource, as the ground such as Huaiyin, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, Yancheng have that 8 heat power plants, Dan County, Shandong, Qinyang, Henan, the Wuhan peach of immortality, Xi'an, Shaanxi, Shaanxi are three former, Datang Anqing, Anhui, Jing Zhou, Hubei, Yicheng, Baoding etc. all has this class power station.Along with country clearly proposes stalk comprehensive utilization ratio in 2015 in 80% action target, China's stalk resource sails the motorway into.Biomass utilization generating take " the stalk energy " as representative becomes a from now on important channel of straw utilization.
Stalk is used for generating, can produces a large amount of lime-ash behind the straw burning, for example the heat power plant of a middle-size and small-size direct combustion stalk (3.6 ten thousand kilowatts) consumes crop straw and closely reach 300,000 tons every year, and the lime-ash that the burning straw produces will reach 45000 tons; The heat power plant of emerging upper hundred the direct combustion stalks in the whole nation, along with the continuous operation of power plant, stalk ash will pile up like a mountain.Although the lime-ash behind the straw burning can be used as fertilizer, its fertilizer efficiency does not have current composite fertilizer good, and as fertilizer sources uses, its consumption is very limited, and therefore, the utilization of stalk ash is one and problem to be solved, otherwise will be to environment, and affect the development of the heat power plant of direct combustion stalk.
CN101844883A discloses a kind of novel composite ecological cement and product application thereof, although relate to straw ash in this patent application and prepare composite ecological cement as raw material, prepare building product with described composite ecological cement, but other component is more in its raw material, the content of straw ash is low, especially its preparation is non-burning brick, straw ash only accounts for 3.3% of non-burning brick product weight, moreover, the E component of composite ecological cement is organic high molecular compound in this patent application, such as Precondensed UreaFormaldehyde Resin, the VAE emulsion, Mierocrystalline celluloses etc. pollute the environment in producing and using, and human body is caused damage.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the unburned moulding material of construction of a kind of stalk ash and preparation method; the unburned moulding material of construction of described stalk ash and preparation method not only can improve the utilization of stalk ash; be conducive to environment and make protection, and can produce good Social benefit and economic benefit.
The unburned moulding material of construction of stalk ash of the present invention mainly is prepared from by stalk ash, cement, plaster stone, unslaked lime, in described moulding material of construction, contains the sylvite and/or the potassium oxide that derive from stalk ash.
The unburned moulding material of construction of stalk ash of the present invention, stalk ash 50 weight parts~70 weight parts, cement 5 weight parts~10 weight parts, plaster stone 5 weight parts~15 weight parts, unslaked lime 5 weight parts~15 weight parts, but when the moulding material of construction is analyzed, be difficult to analyze their content.
The unburned moulding material of construction of stalk ash of the present invention, also comprise alum in its component, described alum is 3 weight parts~10 weight parts, strengthens the hydration of sulphur aluminic acid and silicoaluminate composite salt to increase sulfate radical and aluminum ion, strengthens the chemical combination solidification of lime-ash and other chemical compositions.
In the preparation of unburned moulding material of construction, because the content of stalk ash changes within the specific limits, thereby the unburned moulding material of construction of stalk ash of the present invention, the total amount of its contained sylvite and/or potassium oxide is at least 1% of the unburned moulding material of construction of stalk ash gross weight.
The unburned moulding material of construction of stalk ash of the present invention can be prepared into according to user's requirement various products, but is generally brick or sheet material or bar.
The preparation method of the unburned moulding material of construction of stalk ash of the present invention, raw materials used and preparation technology is as follows:
Raw material comprises: stalk ash 50 weight parts~70 weight parts, cement 5 weight parts~10 weight parts, plaster stone 5 weight parts~15 weight parts, unslaked lime 5 weight parts~15 weight parts, promotor 2 weight parts~5 weight parts, the granularity of described stalk ash, plaster stone, unslaked lime are 20 orders~200 orders;
Preparation technology:
(1) under room temperature (Indoor Natural temperature), normal pressure that stalk ash, plaster stone, unslaked lime and cement mixing is even, form mixed powder, then add the water of its gross weight 28%~40% in the described mixed powder and stir, churning time is the mud shape with mixed powder and is limited, continue after add promotor and mix;
(2) the mud shape compound with step (1) preparation adds mould, vibratory compaction forms blank under room temperature (Indoor Natural temperature), normal pressure, then blank is taken out in the demoulding, described blank is placed on indoorly under room temperature, normal pressure, it solidified fully, namely obtain described moulding material of construction.
The preparation method of the unburned moulding material of construction of stalk ash of the present invention, also can increase alum (increasing the hydration that sulfate radical and aluminum ion strengthen sulphur aluminic acid and silicoaluminate composite salt) in its raw material, described alum is 3 weight parts~10 weight parts, granularity is 20 orders~200 orders, described alum and stalk ash, plaster stone, unslaked lime, cement are mixed together, and form mixed powder.
Consider from performance and the cost of manufacture of moulding material of construction, the preparation method of the unburned moulding material of construction of stalk ash of the present invention, the granularity of stalk ash, plaster stone, unslaked lime, or preferred 50 orders of granularity of stalk ash, plaster stone, unslaked lime, alum~120 orders.
Obtain the stalk ash, plaster stone, unslaked lime, the alum that meet granularity requirements, its approach has: 1, buy from market; 2, through committing others's processing or oneself processing.
The present invention states the preparation method of the unburned moulding material of construction of stalk ash, and its promotor is at least a in calcium chloride, sodium-chlor, acetic acid, the trolamine.
The preparation method of the unburned moulding material of construction of stalk ash of the present invention, to stalk ash, plaster stone, unslaked lime and cement, or stalk ash, plaster stone, unslaked lime, alum and cement preference are even by ground and mixed, can increase the dispersiveness of material composition, and the activity that increases stalk ash, so that the chemical combination pectisation of mixing raw material is more abundant.。
In the method for the invention, institute's water can be tap water, well water, be not subjected to river, the lake water of industrial chemicals and grunge pollution.
Mechanism of the present invention is: owing to contain silicon-dioxide in the stalk ash, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, the composition such as potassium oxide and ferric oxide, by composition and engineering of the present invention, add plaster stone, unslaked lime and Portland cement, or adding plaster stone, unslaked lime, alum and Portland cement etc. are adjusted the straw ash composition, add promotor and water, impel mixing raw material generation gelling combination reaction, form a large amount of by hydrated calcium silicate (C-S-H), the complicated gelling solid matter that aluminium silicate hydrate (A-S-H) and drated calcium aluminate (C-A-H) and aquation calcium aluminoferrite (C-A-F-H) etc. form shows similar concrete high strength structure characteristic.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, adopt the method for the invention to prepare the unburned moulding material of construction of stalk ash, can utilize in a large number stalk ash, thereby not only can eliminate the pollution that stalk ash causes the power station surrounding environment, remove the puzzlement that stalk ash causes the power station, the development of the power plant of promotion take stalk as fuel, and can reduce the cost of manufacture of moulding material of construction, produce good Social benefit and economic benefit.
2, in the raw material of the method for the invention without harmful chemical substance, thereby can not cause environmental pollution, the infringement HUMAN HEALTH in the preparation of the unburned moulding of stalk ash building with in using.
3, the method for the invention adopts common vibratory compaction, and shaping blank does not need special maintenance, thereby simplified technique realizing and can solidify fully in indoor placement, has reduced the production unit input, and cost of manufacture is further reduced.
4, in the method for the invention, the granularity of stalk ash, plaster stone, unslaked lime, alum has been carried out preferably, can guarantee that not only the performance of moulding material of construction meets the requirements, and be conducive to reduce cost of manufacture.
5, the intensity of the unburned moulding material of construction of stalk ash of the present invention is good, and non-burning brick as example take stalk ash, ultimate compression strength can reach 15MPa, and folding strength can reach 3.3MPa, has reached the MU15 standard of GB11945-1999 autoclaved lime-sand brick.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment the unburned moulding material of construction of stalk ash of the present invention and preparation method are described further.
Embodiment 1: the preparation brick
Present embodiment preparation standard brick is of a size of long 240mm, wide 115mm, thick 53mm.
Raw material: stalk ash 70 weight parts, alum 3 weight parts, cement (label 32.5) 5 weight parts, plaster stone 15 weight parts, unslaked lime 5 weight parts, calcium chloride 2 weight parts, the granularity of stalk ash, plaster stone, unslaked lime, calcium chloride, alum is 100 orders;
Preparation technology:
(1) measures each raw material by above-mentioned weight part, under room temperature (20 ℃), normal pressure that stalk ash, plaster stone, unslaked lime and cement mixing is even, form mixed powder (about 20 minutes), then add the tap water of its gross weight 35% in the described mixed powder and stir, churning time is the mud shape with mixed powder and is limited (about 23 minutes), continue after add promotor and mix (about 10 minutes);
(2) the mud shape compound of step (1) preparation being added platform shakes in the standard system bricks die of forming machine, vibratory compaction forms blank under room temperature (20 ℃), normal pressure, then blank is taken out in the demoulding, with described blank indoor be positioned under room temperature (20 ℃), the normal pressure solidify 6 days after, its ultimate compression strength 12.2MPa, folding strength 2.4MPa, solidify after 28 days, its ultimate compression strength 15.5Mpa, folding strength 3.4MPa, density is 1.60t/m 3
Embodiment 2: the preparation brick
Present embodiment preparation standard brick is of a size of long 240mm, wide 115mm, thick 53mm.
Raw material: stalk ash 50 weight parts, alum 3 weight parts, cement (label 42.5) 10 weight parts, plaster stone 15 weight parts, unslaked lime 15 weight parts, calcium chloride 1 weight part, sodium-chlor 1 weight part, the granularity of stalk ash, plaster stone, unslaked lime, calcium chloride, alum are 20 orders;
Preparation technology:
(1) measures each raw material by above-mentioned weight part, under room temperature (24 ℃), normal pressure that stalk ash, plaster stone, unslaked lime and cement is even by ground and mixed, form mixed powder (about 25 minutes), then add the tap water of its gross weight 28% in the described mixed powder and stir, churning time is the mud shape with mixed powder and is limited (about 30 minutes), continue after adding calcium chloride, sodium-chlor and mix (about 8 minutes);
(2) the mud shape compound of step (1) preparation being added platform shakes in the standard system bricks die of forming machine, vibratory compaction forms blank under room temperature (24 ℃), normal pressure, then blank is taken out in the demoulding, with described blank indoor be positioned under room temperature (24 ℃), the normal pressure solidify 6 days after, its ultimate compression strength 13.2MPa, folding strength 2.0MPa, solidify after 28 days, its ultimate compression strength 16.5Mpa, folding strength 3.5MPa, density is 1.65t/m 3
Embodiment 3: the preparation brick
Present embodiment preparation standard brick is of a size of long 240mm, wide 115mm, thick 53mm.
Raw material: stalk ash 60 weight parts, alum 5 weight parts, cement (label 42.5) 8 weight parts, plaster stone 10 weight parts, unslaked lime 12 weight parts, sodium-chlor 1 weight part, calcium chloride 3 weight parts, trolamine 1 weight part, the granularity of stalk ash, plaster stone, unslaked lime, alum is 80 orders;
Preparation technology:
(1) measures each raw material by above-mentioned weight part, under room temperature (28 ℃), normal pressure that stalk ash, plaster stone, unslaked lime and cement mixing is even, form mixed powder (about 20 minutes), then add the tap water of its gross weight 31% in the described mixed powder and stir, churning time is the mud shape with mixed powder and is limited (about 25 minutes), continue after adding sodium-chlor, calcium chloride and mix (about 7 minutes);
(2) the mud shape compound of step (1) preparation being added platform shakes in the standard system bricks die of forming machine, vibratory compaction forms blank under room temperature (28 ℃), normal pressure, then blank is taken out in the demoulding, with described blank indoor be positioned under room temperature (28 ℃), the normal pressure solidify 7 days after, its ultimate compression strength 13.5MPa, folding strength 2.5MPa, solidify after 28 days, its ultimate compression strength 16.5MPa, folding strength 3.5MPa, density is 1.63t/m 3
Embodiment 4: preparation sheet material
Present embodiment prepares sheet material, and it is of a size of long 1200mm, wide 900mm, thick 80mm.
Raw material: stalk ash 65 weight parts, cement (label 42.5) 8 weight parts, plaster stone 15 weight parts, unslaked lime 8 weight parts, calcium chloride 3 weight parts, sodium-chlor 1 weight part, stalk ash, plaster stone, unslaked lime, calcium chloride granularity are 100 orders;
Preparation technology:
(1) measures each raw material by above-mentioned weight part, under room temperature (25 ℃), normal pressure that stalk ash, plaster stone, unslaked lime and cement is even by ground and mixed, form mixed powder (about 25 minutes), then add the tap water of its gross weight 40% in the described mixed powder and stir, churning time is the mud shape with mixed powder and is limited (about 15 minutes), continue after adding calcium chloride, sodium-chlor and mix (about 5 minutes);
(2) the mud shape compound of step (1) preparation being added platform shakes in the standard system board mold of forming machine, vibratory compaction forms blank under room temperature (25 ℃), normal pressure, then blank is taken out in the demoulding, with described blank indoor be positioned under room temperature (25 ℃), the normal pressure solidify 7 days after, its ultimate compression strength 13.7MPa, folding strength 2.3MPa, solidify after 28 days, its ultimate compression strength 18.5MPa, folding strength 4.0MPa, density is 1.68t/m 3
Embodiment 5: preparation sheet material
Present embodiment prepares sheet material, and it is of a size of long 1000mm, wide 800mm, thick 60mm.
Raw material: stalk ash 58 weight parts, cement (label 32.5) 10 weight parts, alum 3 weight parts, plaster stone 12 weight parts, unslaked lime 12 weight parts, sodium-chlor 4 weight parts, trolamine 1 weight part, stalk ash, plaster stone, unslaked lime, calcium chloride granularity are 120 orders;
Preparation technology:
(1) measures each raw material by above-mentioned weight part, under room temperature (26 ℃), normal pressure that stalk ash, plaster stone, unslaked lime and cement mixing is even, form mixed powder (about 20 minutes), then add the tap water of its gross weight 38% in the described mixed powder and stir, churning time is the mud shape with mixed powder and is limited (about 18 minutes), continue after adding sodium-chlor, trolamine and mix (about 6 minutes);
(2) the mud shape compound of step (1) preparation being added platform shakes in the standard system board mold of forming machine, vibratory compaction forms blank under room temperature (26 ℃), normal pressure, then blank is taken out in the demoulding, with described blank indoor be positioned under room temperature (26 ℃), the normal pressure solidify 7 days after, its ultimate compression strength 14.8MPa, folding strength 3.8MPa, solidify after 28 days, its ultimate compression strength 21.5MPa, folding strength 4.2MPa, density is 1.67t/m 3
Embodiment 6: the preparation bar
Present embodiment prepares bar, and it is of a size of high 800mm, long 250mm, wide 250mm.
Raw material: stalk ash 68 weight parts, cement (label 32.5) 7 weight parts, plaster stone 5 weight parts, unslaked lime 15 weight parts, calcium chloride 4 weight parts, sodium-chlor 0.5 weight part, acetic acid 0.5 weight part, stalk ash, plaster stone, unslaked lime, calcium chloride granularity are 110 orders;
Preparation technology:
(1) measures each raw material by above-mentioned weight part, under room temperature (23 ℃), normal pressure that stalk ash, plaster stone, unslaked lime and cement is even by ground and mixed, form mixed powder (about 25 minutes), then add the tap water of its gross weight 37% in the described mixed powder and stir, churning time is the mud shape with mixed powder and is limited (about 20 minutes), continue after adding calcium chloride, sodium-chlor, acetic acid and mix (about 5 minutes);
(2) vibrate in the mud shape compound adding mould with step (1) preparation, vibratory compaction forms blank under room temperature (23 ℃), normal pressure, then blank is taken out in the demoulding, and described blank can be used for construction indoor being positioned over after solidifying 7 days under room temperature (23 ℃), the normal pressure.
Embodiment 7: the preparation bar
Present embodiment prepares bar, and it is of a size of high 500mm, long 200mm, wide 200mm.
Raw material: stalk ash 60 weight parts, cement (label 42.5) 8 weight parts, 10 parts of weight of alum, plaster stone 12 weight parts, unslaked lime 7 weight parts, calcium chloride 2 weight parts, sodium-chlor 1 weight part, stalk ash, plaster stone, unslaked lime, calcium chloride granularity are 150 orders;
Preparation technology:
(1) measures each raw material by above-mentioned weight part, under room temperature (27 ℃), normal pressure that stalk ash, plaster stone, unslaked lime and cement mixing is even, form mixed powder (about 22 minutes), then add the tap water of its gross weight 38% in the described mixed powder and stir, churning time is the mud shape with mixed powder and is limited (about 18 minutes), continue after adding calcium chloride, sodium-chlor and mix (about 6 minutes);
(2) vibrate in the mud shape compound adding mould with step (1) preparation, vibratory compaction forms blank under room temperature (27 ℃), normal pressure, then blank is taken out in the demoulding, and described blank can be used for construction indoor being positioned over after solidifying 7 days under room temperature (27 ℃), the normal pressure.

Claims (8)

1. unburned moulding material of construction of stalk ash, it is characterized in that mainly being prepared from by stalk ash, cement, plaster stone, unslaked lime, stalk ash 50 weight parts~70 weight parts, cement 5 weight parts~10 weight parts, plaster stone 5 weight parts~15 weight parts, unslaked lime 5 weight parts~15 weight parts, in described moulding material of construction, contain the sylvite and/or the potassium oxide that derive from stalk ash.
2. the unburned moulding material of construction of described stalk ash according to claim 1 is characterized in that also comprising in the component alum, and described alum is 3 weight parts~10 weight parts.
3. the unburned moulding material of construction of described stalk ash according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the total amount of contained sylvite and/or potassium oxide is at least 1% of the unburned moulding material of construction of stalk ash gross weight.
4. the unburned moulding material of construction of described stalk ash according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that being brick or sheet material or bar.
5. the preparation method of the unburned moulding material of construction of stalk ash, it is characterized in that raw materials used and preparation technology as follows:
Raw material comprises: stalk ash 50 weight parts~70 weight parts, cement 5 weight parts~10 weight parts, plaster stone 5 weight parts~15 weight parts, unslaked lime 5 weight parts~15 weight parts, promotor 2 weight parts~5 weight parts, the granularity of described stalk ash, plaster stone, unslaked lime is 20 orders~200 orders, and described promotor is at least a in calcium chloride, sodium-chlor, acetic acid, the trolamine;
Preparation technology:
(1) under room temperature, normal pressure that stalk ash, plaster stone, unslaked lime and cement mixing is even, form mixed powder, then add the water of its gross weight 28%~40% in the described mixed powder and stir, churning time is the mud shape with mixed powder and is limited, continue after add promotor and mix;
(2) the mud shape compound with step (1) preparation adds mould, vibratory compaction forms blank under room temperature, normal pressure, then blank is taken out in the demoulding, described blank is placed on indoorly under room temperature, normal pressure it is solidified fully, namely obtains described moulding material of construction.
6. the preparation method of the unburned moulding material of construction of described stalk ash according to claim 5, it is characterized in that raw material also comprises alum, described alum is 3 weight parts~10 weight parts, granularity is 20 orders~200 orders, described alum and stalk ash, plaster stone, unslaked lime, cement are mixed together, and form mixed powder.
7. according to claim 5 or the preparation method of the unburned moulding material of construction of 6 described stalk ash, it is characterized in that the granularity of stalk ash, plaster stone, unslaked lime, or the granularity of stalk ash, plaster stone, unslaked lime, alum is 50 orders~120 orders.
8. according to claim 5 or the preparation method of the unburned moulding material of construction of 6 described stalk ash, it is characterized in that stalk ash, plaster stone, unslaked lime and cement, or stalk ash, plaster stone, unslaked lime, alum and cement are even by ground and mixed.
CN 201110382347 2011-11-27 2011-11-27 Straw ash molded building material free of burning and its preparation method Expired - Fee Related CN102491719B (en)

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CN105330245A (en) * 2015-10-26 2016-02-17 曹斌 Baking-free plant fiber brick and preparing method thereof
CN106396551B (en) * 2016-08-31 2019-09-17 苏州赛华仪控股份有限公司 A kind of biomass ash slag brick and the preparation method and application thereof
CN107337389A (en) * 2017-07-12 2017-11-10 合肥梵腾环保科技有限公司 A kind of environmentally friendly indoor building material and preparation method thereof
CN111470815A (en) * 2020-05-11 2020-07-31 辽宁金铠厦科技有限公司 Polyurethane foaming particle heat-preservation pouring material
CN111517712B (en) * 2020-05-19 2021-11-09 吉林建筑大学 Concrete pavement brick and preparation method thereof
CN111423189B (en) * 2020-05-19 2022-07-19 吉林建筑大学 Calcium silicate board prepared from straw ash and preparation method thereof
CN114907085A (en) * 2022-04-15 2022-08-16 上海建工建材科技集团股份有限公司 Building regenerated micro-powder non-fired ceramsite and preparation method thereof

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