CN102491661B

CN102491661B - Drying and calcining machine particularly suitable for ardealite

Info

Publication number: CN102491661B
Application number: CN201110408621XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王安全
Original assignee: CHONGQING HUANZHOU NEW BUILDING MATERIAL Co Ltd
Priority date: 2011-12-09
Filing date: 2011-12-09
Publication date: 2012-11-28
Anticipated expiration: 2031-12-09
Also published as: CN102491661A

Abstract

The invention discloses a drying and calcining machine particularly suitable for ardealite. The drying and calcining machine comprises a horizontally-arranged cylindrical shell and a heating air pipe, wherein the shell is rotationally arranged between an exhaust barrel and a discharge barrel, is connected with a motor through a transmission mechanism, and can be driven to rotate; a raising plate is obliquely arranged on the inner wall of the shell; the feeding end of the shell is provided with a feeding mechanism; the heating air pipe is arranged forwardly inside the shell, and is provided with a plurality of exhaust holes; and the exhaust holes are partitioned into a first section exhaust hole, a second section exhaust hole and a third section exhaust hole of which the distribution density decrease in sequence along a material advancing direction. The drying and calcining machine is specially designed for process requirement conditions for drying and calcining ardealite into hemihydrate gypsum. Due to the adoption of the drying and calcining machine, ardealite can be better transformed into hemihydrate gypsum. The drying and calcining machine has the advantages of good transformation effect, high working efficiency, high heat utilization ratio and high energy-saving property.

Description

A kind of drying and calcining machine that is specially adapted to phosphogypsum

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of calciner, especially a kind of drying and calcining machine that is specially adapted to phosphogypsum.

Background technology

Gypsum, its staple is a calcium sulfate, comprises the plaster of paris and industry by-product gypsum.Industry by-product gypsum is the by product of some Industrial processes, and wherein phosphogypsum accounts for the over half of industry by-product gypsum.At present, industry by-product gypsum accumulation volume of cargo in storage surpasses 300,000,000 tons, and wherein, phosphogypsum reaches more than 200,000,000 tons.Industry by-product gypsum is stored up in a large number, and both land occupation was wasted resource again, and acid and other objectionable impuritiess that contain pollute surrounding enviroment easily, have become the important factor of restriction China phosphatic fertilizer company Sustainable development.According to statistics, 2009, about 1.18 hundred million tons of China's industry by-product gypsum generation, comprehensive utilization ratio is merely 38%.Wherein, about 5,000 ten thousand tons of phosphogypsum, comprehensive utilization ratio about 20%; So the second stage employ technology of exploitation industry by-product gypsum remains the problem that is worth research at present.

The staple of phosphogypsum is a dihydrate gypsum, is the perfect raw material of producing building materials, is the basic material of production gypsum block, gypsum brick, plasterboard, the big wallboard of gypsum and brushing gypsum etc.The plastering that produces at first is to be dihydrate gypsum with industry by-product gypsum, and drying and calcining becomes qualified semi-hydrated gypsum, just can produce various goods then; But existing drying plant power consumption is too high, and output is little again, and facility investment is then higher, makes that the cost of former powder per ton is high, and as again it being fabricated to goods, its production cost is to have surpassed the valency of accepting in market.

The technology of current drying and calcining to the industry by-product gypsum powder has following two kinds.

1. majority is to adopt the air stream drying method: promptly dryly in a housing carry out simultaneously with calcining, its advantage is that terra alba was heated in the short time, can be under the hot gas flow effect, make that powder is comprehensive to be heated, and reach the exsiccant purpose; Its shortcoming is that energy consumption is bigger, and equipment cost is too big, and output is too low; Particularly material contacts the high temperature dry gas stream earlier in same housing; After the surface-moisture drying with material, contact the low temperature wet gas current then again, such processing unit is the crystal water incinerating that is unfavorable for gypsum; Often the temperature at the exhaust emissions place is about the 140-160 degree, and energy consumption is quite high; Be that one ton of semi-hydrated gypsum of every production need be marked 150 kilograms in coal; Pneumatic drier is to lean on gas blower with hot gas flow and the terra alba drying duct of making a gift to someone in addition, and the height of pipeline needs the height of 13-20 rice usually, and diameter reaches 1 meter; Gas blower that must be bigger could be realized; Power consumption is sizable; The installation of its this gas blower is just up to 180-240 kilowatt.So with the semi-hydrated gypsum of pneumatic drier manufacture by-product gypsum, cost is too high.

2. employing whizzer: the drying of whizzer, be when rotating cylinder rotates through the material delivering plate in the rotating cylinder, gypsum powder is kicked up, under acting on the exchange of hot gas flow under, gypsum material is carried out drying and calcining; Employing and gypsum powder heading is mobile hot gas flow drying and calcining in opposite directions, is downflow system drying and calcining method; Another kind is the hot gas flow drying and calcining method opposite with gypsum powder heading, is reverse formula drying and calcining method; The advantage of tumble dryer is that power consumption is little, but the consumption of coal also is bigger; Tumble dryer is under the effect of material delivering plate; Can make that dihydrate gypsum powder and hot gas flow are comprehensive to be contacted, be able to drying and calcining fully, but its air flow line be a single direction; So just determined dihydrate gypsum in rotating cylinder with the contacting of hot gas flow; Be prior to dry air contact and again with the process of wet air, the drying process of this and dihydrate gypsum does not match, and is unscientific.

Dihydrate gypsum is that 1. at this moment the surface water of dry dihydrate gypsum needs long time, higher temperature to the drying and calcining process of semi-hydrated gypsum; Temperature can be at the 600-800 degree; Surface water is removed fast; 2. the crystal water of calcined gypsum, the time that needs is short, and the temperature that at this moment needs is 170 to spend, and this temperature can not be too high, and need the temperature of dry gas stream, can produce qualified semi-hydrated gypsum powder; Surpass 170 degree and will be sintered into dehydrated gyp-.

So present pneumatic drier and tumble dryer, their hot gas flow mode are difficult to realize the drying and calcining process demand of industry by-product gypsum.

Summary of the invention

Not enough to above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem that the present invention will solve is: how a kind of drying and calcining machine that is specially adapted to phosphogypsum is provided, can better phosphogypsum be converted into semi-hydrated gypsum, it is good to possess changing effect simultaneously, the characteristics of good energy saving property.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, adopted following technical scheme among the present invention.

A kind of drying and calcining machine that is specially adapted to phosphogypsum; Comprise horizontally disposed cylindrical shell, it is characterized in that the housing feed end has the aiutage that fixedly installs; The housing discharge end has the discharge barrel that fixedly installs; The aiutage upper end has venting port upwards, and the discharge barrel lower end has downward discharge port, and housing is arranged between aiutage and the discharge barrel rotationally; Housing is realized rolling bearing by at least two pairs of carrying rollers that are positioned at outside below; Housing leans on transmission rig to link to each other with motor and can be driven to rotate; Said transmission rig comprises fixedly sleeved passive gear and the driving toothed gear that links to each other with motor in outside, and said driving toothed gear is meshed with passive gear; Said inner walls is tiltedly installed with some material delivering plates that can move ahead with housing rotating band animal material; The feed end of said housing also is provided with feed mechanism; Said feed mechanism comprises that is horizontally disposed with and is piercing in the outer long strip shape charging body of charging aiutage; Forward be provided with feeding-passage in the charging body; Said charging body is positioned at the outer end of charging aiutage to being provided with loading hopper; The loading hopper lower end is communicated with intravital feeding-passage one end of charging, and the feeding-passage the other end is communicated with enclosure interior, also is provided with in the said feeding-passage to be used for taking material to shell intravital spiral propeller from loading hopper; Also include the stove pipe that forward is arranged at enclosure interior; Said stove pipe one end passes outside the aiutage and is inlet end; The stove pipe the other end is positioned at housing and is closedend; Stove pipe is positioned at housing inner chamber upper part with respect to the raise up opposite side of side of material; Oblique below one side to the housing axis above the stove pipe is provided with the plurality of rows pore, said venting hole with material before line direction be divided into first section venting hole, second section venting hole and the 3rd section venting hole, the pore distribution density of first section venting hole, second section venting hole and the 3rd section venting hole reduces successively.

Wherein, said spiral propeller is a prior art, generally comprises a bull stick, and bull stick is outside equipped with spiral vane, and bull stick links to each other with a motor and is driven to rotate and then realizes the screw propulsion of material, and its concrete structure is no longer described.When the drying and calcining machine of present technique scheme used, motor drove the housing rotation through transmission rig, and the phosphogypsum powder enters in the feeding-passage of charging body from loading hopper, and is brought into enclosure interior by spiral propeller.Make material constantly kicked up and fall by material delivering plate when housing rotates to the inner walls back upper place, so the time material constantly discharge port falls from aiutage one end motion to discharge barrel one end and from the discharge barrel lower end, be transported to subsequent handling.In the said process, high temperature gas flow gets into from the stove pipe inlet end, and discharges in the venting hole powder in the housing is heated, and the air-flow after the heating is drained above the aiutage of feed end.Wherein the position of stove pipe and venting hole setting can be so that hot gas flow be blown into over against the powder of being kicked up from the direction that moves ahead perpendicular to powder, so farthest improved the rate of heat exchange of hot gas flow and powder.Simultaneously, the mode that the venting hole distribution density reduces is gradually arranged, because just got into the powder of housing, needs high temperature to make excessive moisture evaporation in the powder, and at this moment the surface water of dry dihydrate gypsum needs long time, higher temperature; Gas flow temperature can be at the 600-800 degree; So first section venting hole density is maximum, and material table face water is removed fast.Material gets into second section venting hole position then, and this moment, material self excessive moisture evaporated, and temperature of charge can improve rapidly with gas flow temperature; And the dihydrate gypsum calcining is semi-hydrated gypsum, the temperature that needs is 170 degree, so second section venting hole distribution density reduced; Reduce the ejection airshed; Keep the interior temperature of housing to be in about 170 degree,, obtain semi-hydrated gypsum so that material is calcined.During to the 3rd section venting hole, pore distribution density reduces once more, and this section is the equilibrium temperature section, can the body temperature of material be lowered the temperature after calcining, makes its temperature stable and reduction output powder.Simultaneously can the unnecessary heat of powder be brought into the place ahead wet feed end by air-flow, to improve HU, the intravital wet air of shell can not contact with dry material yet, guarantees burning quality.

Wherein, as optimization, this dry calcining machine also includes monitoring mechanism, and said monitoring mechanism comprises the TP that is arranged at inner walls, and said TP links to each other with control module, and said control module links to each other with motor.Like this, can monitor the temperature of enclosure interior, if temperature is low excessively, then controls the motor output speed and slow down, reducing the housing rotating speed, and then material velocity of flow in housing reduces, so that temperature obtains being lifted to is temperature required.If the enclosure interior temperature is too high, then controls the motor output speed and accelerate to get final product.During practical implementation, TP preferably is arranged on the corresponding position of second section venting hole, so that most important calcining temperature is monitored.Simultaneously, concrete implementation of regulating relies on the interior pre-set programs of control module to control automatically, and preset program can realize according to control field routine techniques, not this tired stating.

In sum, than prior art, the present invention designs to the process requirements condition that with industrial by-product phosphogypsum drying and calcining is semi-hydrated gypsum for special.Can better the industrial by-product phosphogypsum be converted into semi-hydrated gypsum, it is good to have a changing effect, high efficiency, and heat utilization efficiency is high, the advantage of good energy saving property.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation that is specially adapted to the drying and calcining machine of phosphogypsum of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is from the xsect left view of housing feed end carrying roller among Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the syndeton synoptic diagram of monitoring mechanism of the present invention.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment structure of the present invention is done further to specify.

As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of drying and calcining machine that is specially adapted to phosphogypsum comprises horizontally disposed cylindrical shell 1; Wherein, Housing 1 feed end has the aiutage 2 that fixedly installs, and housing 1 discharge end has the discharge barrel 3 that fixedly installs, and aiutage 2 upper ends have venting port 4 upwards; Discharge barrel 3 lower ends have downward discharge port 5, and housing 1 is arranged between aiutage 2 and the discharge barrel 3 rotationally; Housing 1 is realized rolling bearing by the two pairs of carrying rollers 6 that are positioned at outside below; Housing 1 leans on transmission rig to link to each other with motor and can be driven to rotate; Said transmission rig comprises fixedly sleeved at the passive gear 7 of housing 1 outside and the driving toothed gear that links to each other with motor (omitting in the structure iron 1 of motor and driving toothed gear), and said driving toothed gear is meshed with passive gear 7; Said housing 1 inwall is tiltedly installed with some material delivering plates 8 that can move ahead with housing 1 rotating band animal material; The feed end of said housing 1 also is provided with feed mechanism; Said feed mechanism comprises a long strip shape charging body 9 that is horizontally disposed with and is piercing in outside the charging aiutage 2; Forward be provided with feeding-passage in the charging body 9; Said charging body 9 is positioned at charging aiutage 2 end outward to being provided with loading hopper 10; Feeding-passage one ends in loading hopper 10 lower ends and the charging body 9 are communicated with, and the feeding-passage the other end and housing 1 internal communication also are provided with in the said feeding-passage and are used for taking material to housing 1 interior spiral propeller 11 from loading hopper 10; Also include the stove pipe 12 that forward is arranged at enclosure interior; Said stove pipe 12 1 ends pass outside the aiutage 2 and are inlet end; Stove pipe 12 the other ends are positioned at housing 1 and are closedend; Stove pipe 12 is positioned at housing 1 inner chamber upper part with respect to the raise up opposite side of side of material; Oblique below one side to housing 1 axis above the stove pipe 12 is provided with plurality of rows pore 13, and said venting hole 13 is divided into first section venting hole, second section venting hole and the 3rd section venting hole with line direction before the material, and the pore distribution density of first section venting hole, second section venting hole and the 3rd section venting hole reduces successively.In addition, during practical implementation, the feeding-passage on the said charging body 9 can preferably be set to the structure of feed chute.Above the said stove pipe 12 to raise up the also oblique wind screen board 17 (referring to Fig. 2) that is arranged with of a side of position of material; Said wind screen board 17 is used to limit the outgassing direction of venting hole 13; It is given vent to anger to the material position of kicking up, further improve HU.

During practical implementation, as shown in Figure 3, also include monitoring mechanism, said monitoring mechanism comprises the TP 14 that is arranged at inner walls, and said TP 14 links to each other with control module 15, and said control module 15 links to each other with motor 16.

It is worthy of note that at last in the drying and calcining machine of the present invention, places such as its feed mechanism, monitoring mechanism, heating arrangement, stove pipe also belong to the applicant patent protection has also been applied in the place that prior art contributes separately.So if others implements this several places structure separately, also can invade applicant's patent protection power.Simultaneously, drying and calcining machine of the present invention also goes for other industry by-product gypsum, so if others uses it for other industry by-product gypsum calcining uses, should be regarded as still falling in applicant's the scope of patent protection.

Claims

1. drying and calcining machine that is specially adapted to phosphogypsum; Comprise horizontally disposed cylindrical shell; The feed end of said housing also is provided with feed mechanism, and said feed mechanism comprises that one is horizontally disposed with and is piercing in the outer long strip shape charging body of charging aiutage, forward is provided with feeding-passage in the charging body; Said charging body is positioned at the outer end of charging aiutage to being provided with loading hopper; The loading hopper lower end is communicated with intravital feeding-passage one end of charging, and the feeding-passage the other end is communicated with enclosure interior, also is provided with in the said feeding-passage to be used for taking material to shell intravital spiral propeller from loading hopper; Housing is realized rolling bearing by at least two pairs of carrying rollers that are positioned at outside below; Housing leans on transmission rig to link to each other with motor and can be driven to rotate; Said transmission rig comprises fixedly sleeved passive gear and the driving toothed gear that links to each other with motor in outside, and said driving toothed gear is meshed with passive gear; It is characterized in that; The housing feed end has the aiutage that fixedly installs, and the housing discharge end has the discharge barrel that fixedly installs, and the aiutage upper end has venting port upwards; The discharge barrel lower end has downward discharge port, and housing is arranged between aiutage and the discharge barrel rotationally; Said inner walls is tiltedly installed with some material delivering plates that can move ahead with housing rotating band animal material; Also include the stove pipe that forward is arranged at enclosure interior; Said stove pipe one end passes outside the aiutage and is inlet end; The stove pipe the other end is positioned at housing and is closedend; Stove pipe is positioned at housing inner chamber upper part with respect to the raise up opposite side of side of material; Oblique below one side to the housing axis above the stove pipe is provided with the plurality of rows pore, said venting hole with material before line direction be divided into first section venting hole, second section venting hole and the 3rd section venting hole, the pore distribution density of first section venting hole, second section venting hole and the 3rd section venting hole reduces successively.