CN102486462B - Three-dimensional reconstruction method for internal defect of alloy firmware - Google Patents

Three-dimensional reconstruction method for internal defect of alloy firmware Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102486462B
CN102486462B CN201010572548.5A CN201010572548A CN102486462B CN 102486462 B CN102486462 B CN 102486462B CN 201010572548 A CN201010572548 A CN 201010572548A CN 102486462 B CN102486462 B CN 102486462B
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defect
dimensional
information
firmware
heat
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CN102486462A (en
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赵大威
赵怀慈
郝明国
赵春阳
周雷
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Shenyang Institute of Automation of CAS
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Shenyang Institute of Automation of CAS
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Abstract

The invention relates to a three dimensional reconstruction method for internal defect of an alloy firmware, which comprises the following steps: using a nondestructive test device to generate an infrared image; in the infrared image, carrying out nondestructive test on the internal defect of the alloy firmware by a nondestructive test technology, determining the position scope of the defect and the color difference information; according to the defect position scope, determining the depth information of a random defect point by combining a heat transfer theory; according to the defect position scope and the depth information, completing the three-dimensional reconstruction through a visualization technology for realizing the three-dimensional simulation of the defect. According to the invention, the three-dimensional simulation is carried out for the internal defect of the alloy firmware, thereby the three-dimensional image of the internal defect can be presented in a visual and effective mode. The internal defect condition of the alloy firmware can be detected by the method, the firmware can not be damaged, the technicians can conveniently observe the three-dimensional image of the internal defect of the firmware from multi-direction and multi-level aspects. The method of the invention has important reality meaning and research value.

Description

A kind of three-dimensional reconstruction method for internal defect of alloy firmware
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Infrared Non-destructive Testing technology, specifically a kind of three-dimensional reconstruction method for internal defect of alloy firmware.
Background technology
Infrared Non-destructive Testing technology is a kind of new method rapidly of field of non destructive testing development in recent years, this technology have noncontact, fast, the feature such as directly perceived, automatic test, be widely used in abroad in the detection of blade of aviation engine defect.It is after blade is heated, and the defect of blade interior changes the thermal behavior of blade itself, can, in the accumulation of fault location forming energy, cause the variation in blade surface temperature field.By image processing techniques, the temperature collection of illustrative plates of blade surface is carried out to Treatment Analysis, can determine the position of defect, thereby reach the object of Non-Destructive Testing.Present testing result is the position that provides defect mostly, can not demonstrate the 3-D view of defect, cannot be by the three-dimensional extended process simulation of defect.
Summary of the invention
For the Infrared Non-destructive Testing existing in prior art, can not demonstrate the 3-D view of defect, cannot be by the weak points such as three-dimensional extended process simulation of defect, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of three-dimensional reconstruction of realizing internal defect of alloy firmware, completes the three-dimensional reconstruction method for internal defect of alloy firmware of the three-dimensional simulation of defect.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
Three-dimensional reconstruction method for internal defect of alloy firmware of the present invention comprises the following steps:
Utilize non-destructive detecting device to generate infrared image;
In infrared image, by the defect of Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement alloy firmware inside, carry out Non-Destructive Testing, determine position range and the color distortion information of defect;
According to defective locations scope, in conjunction with heat transfer theory, determine the depth information of any defect point;
According to the position range of defect and depth information, by visualization technique, complete three-dimensional reconstruction, realize the three-dimensional simulation of defect.
The position range of determining defect comprises:
In the every two field picture obtaining in Non-Destructive Testing, by Boundary extracting algorithm, determine the scope of abnormity point in every two field picture;
In the scope of abnormity point, utilize frame difference method from image background, to extract real defective locations.
Described according to defective locations scope, in conjunction with heat transfer theory, determine that the depth information of any defect point comprises:
The flat plate model of blade being regarded as to infinite thickness, according to One-dimensional Heat Conduction Equation, utilizes color of image different information to carry out Extrapolation, obtains the depth information of defect point.
By visualization technique, complete three-dimensional reconstruction and comprise:
By defective locations information and the depth information combination of defect point arbitrarily, form the triplet information that represents defect point;
Set the 3-D display coordinate space of triplet information;
Triplet information is marked and drawed in three-dimensional coordinate space, obtained defect three-dimensional reconstruction image.
Or three-dimensional reconstruction method for internal defect of alloy firmware of the present invention comprises the following steps:
Utilize non-destructive detecting device to generate infrared image;
In infrared image, by the defect of Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement alloy firmware inside, carry out Non-Destructive Testing, determine position range and the color distortion information of defect;
In infrared image, utilize heat transfer theory to carry out one dimensional heat transfer calculating to image, determine the depth information of any defect point;
According to the position range of defect and depth information, by visualization technique, complete three-dimensional reconstruction, realize the three-dimensional simulation of defect.
The position range of determining defect comprises:
In the every two field picture obtaining in Non-Destructive Testing, by Boundary extracting algorithm, determine the scope of abnormity point in every two field picture;
In the scope of abnormity point, utilize frame difference method from image background, to extract real defective locations.
Described according to defective locations scope, in conjunction with heat transfer theory, determine that the depth information of any defect point comprises:
The flat plate model of blade being regarded as to infinite thickness, according to One-dimensional Heat Conduction Equation, utilizes color of image different information to carry out Extrapolation, obtains the depth information of defect point.
By visualization technique, complete three-dimensional reconstruction and comprise:
By defective locations information and the depth information combination of defect point arbitrarily, form the triplet information that represents defect point;
Set the 3-D display coordinate space of triplet information;
Triplet information is marked and drawed in three-dimensional coordinate space, obtained defect three-dimensional reconstruction image.
The present invention has following beneficial effect and advantage:
1. the three-dimensional reconstruction of inherent vice.This method is based on Infrared Non-destructive Testing technology, in conjunction with heat transfer theory, internal defect of alloy firmware can be carried out to three-dimensional simulation simultaneously, intuitively effectively present the 3-dimensional image of inherent vice, by the method, can detect the defect situation of alloy firmware inside, not damage firmware itself simultaneously.
2. some alloy firmware is as the vitals in Grand Equipments, and its defect is the major reason that equipment lost efficacy.Pass through three-dimensional reconstruction, facilitate the 3-dimensional image to firmware inherent vice that technician can be multi-faceted, multi-level to observe in detail, can assist it to defect, to carry out qualitative even quantitative test, for service condition and even the durability analysis of firmware provides detection foundation, thereby there is extremely important practical significance and researching value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 three-dimensional reconstruction method for internal defect of alloy firmware of the present invention is learned process flow diagram ();
Fig. 2 three-dimensional reconstruction method for internal defect of alloy firmware of the present invention is learned process flow diagram (two);
Fig. 3 is the X-Y scheme of the infrared imaging in the inventive method;
Fig. 4 is that the inventive method defective locations scope is extracted result figure;
Fig. 5 is the inventive method one dimensional heat transfer illustraton of model;
Fig. 6 is the inventive method internal defect of alloy firmware three-dimensional reconstruction figure.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The three-dimensional reconstruction method for internal defect of alloy firmware that the present invention proposes is based on Infrared Non-destructive Testing technology, and considered heat transfer theory.By Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement alloy firmware inherent vice, carry out Non-Destructive Testing, determine the position range of defect, in conjunction with heat transfer theory, can determine the depth information of defect, thereby realize the three-dimensional reconstruction of inherent vice, the current applying working condition of firmware is realized to three-dimensional simulation intuitively simultaneously.Alloy firmware in the present embodiment be take blade of aviation engine as example.
The inventive method as shown in Figure 1, comprises the following steps:
1) utilize non-destructive detecting device to generate infrared image
The present embodiment carries out active heating by high-energy flashlamp to test specimen, carries out the seizure of infrared radiation signal by thermal infrared imager, after connect imaging device and show infrared image, as shown in Figure 3, be the two-dimensional infrared image forming by thermal infrared imager.
2) in infrared image, by the defect of Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement alloy firmware inside, carry out Non-Destructive Testing, determine position range and the color distortion information of defect
In the every two field picture obtaining in Non-Destructive Testing, by Boundary extracting algorithm, determine the scope of abnormity point in every two field picture; In the scope of abnormity point, utilize frame difference method from image background, to extract real defective locations.
The present embodiment adopts Roberts operator edge detection algorithm, and every two field picture is carried out to edge extracting.Roberts operator is the operator that the local difference operator of a kind of use is found edge, and it is the operator template of 2 * 2.Because Roberts operator is more responsive to noise ratio, by this algorithm, carry out the image that edge extracting obtains and comprise false defect point and noise.Then adopt frame difference method that defect point is extracted, frame difference method is a kind of efficient algorithm that will extract moving target, N frame and N+1 two field picture is poor, defectiveness region is because larger difference variation can occur energy stacking, area free from defect is compared and to be changed littlely, by choosing suitable threshold value, just can remove temperature variation little or do not have a vicissitudinous region, just defectiveness region can be extracted from image, remove false defect point and noise.As shown in Figure 4, be to process through Infrared Non-destructive Testing image the defective locations scope extracting.
3), according to the defective locations scope of image, in conjunction with heat transfer theory, determine the depth information of any defect point
According to defective locations scope, the depth information of determining any defect point in conjunction with heat transfer theory comprises: the flat plate model of blade being regarded as to infinite thickness, according to One-dimensional Heat Conduction Equation, utilize color of image different information to carry out Extrapolation, obtain the depth information of defect point.
Small-sized due to the relative vane thickness of defect, thus blade can be regarded as to the flat plate model of infinite thickness, as shown in Figure 5.Consideration heat can be described by one dimension solid thermal diffusivity equation at the conductive process of blade interior.After simplifying, the One-dimensional Heat Conduction Equation of rejected region is:
K * ∂ 2 T ∂ x 2 = ρC ∂ T ∂ t
In formula: ρ represents density, C represents specific heat capacity, and K represents heat-conduction coefficient, and T representative is apart from the temperature at blade surface x place, and t represents the heat time.
Suppose that the initial temperature of blade before heat effect is evenly distributed.By solving above-mentioned equation, can obtain the expression formula that temperature changed with the degree of depth and heat time
T ( x , t ) = I 0 ( πρCKt ) 1 2 exp ( - x 2 4 K ρC t )
By thermal infrared imager, record the temperature of the corresponding blade surface of each defect point, the formula above substitution, all the other parameters are all known experiment parameters, just can calculate the depth information L of this defect point.This defect point positional information and depth information are combined into a tlv triple.The characteristic information tlv triple (x, y, L) that finally provides defect, wherein (x, y) represents the position coordinates of defect, L represents the corresponding degree of depth.For each two field picture, calculate the triplet information of all defect point, just can provide for the three-dimensional reconstruction of defect input data.
4) according to the position range of defect and depth information, by visualization technique, complete three-dimensional reconstruction, realize the three-dimensional simulation of defect.
By visualization technique, complete three-dimensional reconstruction and comprise: by defective locations information and the depth information combination of defect point arbitrarily, form the triplet information that represents defect point; Set the 3-D display coordinate space of triplet information; Triplet information is marked and drawed in three-dimensional coordinate space, just can be realized the 3-D view of single-frame images defect, by the computational analysis to image sequence, just can draw the 3-dimensional image of blade interior defect, i.e. the three-dimensional simulation of Defect expanding.As shown in Figure 6, defect three-dimensional reconstruction figure.
Embodiment 2
The difference of the present embodiment 1 is: this is by step 2 in embodiment 1) and step 3) executed in parallel, as shown in Figure 2, specific as follows:
Utilize non-destructive detecting device to generate infrared image;
In infrared image, by the defect of Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement alloy firmware inside, carry out Non-Destructive Testing, determine position range and the color distortion information of defect;
In infrared image, utilize heat transfer theory to carry out one dimensional heat transfer calculating to image, determine the depth information of any defect point;
According to the position range of defect and depth information, by visualization technique, complete three-dimensional reconstruction, realize the three-dimensional simulation of defect.
Determine position range and the color distortion information of defect and determine that the depth information of any defect point all carries out in generating infrared image simultaneously, the result of two step generations is as the input data of three-dimensional reconstruction, simplify executive condition, accelerated processing speed.

Claims (2)

1. a three-dimensional reconstruction method for internal defect of alloy firmware, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
Utilize non-destructive detecting device to generate infrared image;
In infrared image, by the defect of Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement alloy firmware inside, carry out Non-Destructive Testing, determine position range and the color distortion information of defect;
According to defective locations scope, in conjunction with heat transfer theory, determine the depth information of any defect point;
According to the position range of defect and depth information, by visualization technique, complete three-dimensional reconstruction, realize the three-dimensional simulation of defect;
Described according to defective locations scope, in conjunction with heat transfer theory, determine that the depth information of any defect point comprises:
The flat plate model of blade being regarded as to infinite thickness, according to One-dimensional Heat Conduction Equation, utilizes color of image different information to carry out Extrapolation, obtains the depth information of defect point;
Consideration heat can be described by one dimension solid thermal diffusivity equation at the conductive process of blade interior, and One-dimensional Heat Conduction Equation is:
K * ∂ 2 T ∂ x 2 = ρC ∂ T ∂ t
In formula: ρ represents density, C represents specific heat capacity, and K represents heat-conduction coefficient, and T representative is apart from the temperature at blade surface x place, and t represents the heat time;
Suppose that the initial temperature of blade before heat effect is evenly distributed, the expression formula that temperature changed with the degree of depth and heat time is
T ( x , t ) = I 0 ( πρCKt ) 1 2 exp ( - x 2 4 K ρC t ) ;
The position range of determining defect is:
In the every two field picture obtaining in Non-Destructive Testing, by Boundary extracting algorithm, determine the scope of abnormity point in every two field picture;
In the scope of abnormity point, utilize frame difference method from image background, to extract real defective locations;
By visualization technique, complete three-dimensional reconstruction and comprise:
By defective locations information and the depth information combination of defect point arbitrarily, form the triplet information that represents defect point;
Set the 3-D display coordinate space of triplet information;
Triplet information is marked and drawed in three-dimensional coordinate space, obtained defect three-dimensional reconstruction image.
2. a three-dimensional reconstruction method for internal defect of alloy firmware, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
Utilize non-destructive detecting device to generate infrared image;
In infrared image, by the defect of Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement alloy firmware inside, carry out Non-Destructive Testing, determine position range and the color distortion information of defect;
In infrared image, utilize heat transfer theory to carry out one dimensional heat transfer calculating to image, determine the depth information of any defect point;
According to the position range of defect and depth information, by visualization technique, complete three-dimensional reconstruction, realize the three-dimensional simulation of defect;
Described according to defective locations scope, in conjunction with heat transfer theory, determine that the depth information of any defect point comprises:
The flat plate model of blade being regarded as to infinite thickness, according to One-dimensional Heat Conduction Equation, utilizes color of image different information to carry out Extrapolation, obtains the depth information of defect point;
Consideration heat can be described by one dimension solid thermal diffusivity equation at the conductive process of blade interior, and One-dimensional Heat Conduction Equation is:
K * ∂ 2 T ∂ x 2 = ρC ∂ T ∂ t
In formula: ρ represents density, C represents specific heat capacity, and K represents heat-conduction coefficient, and T representative is apart from the temperature at blade surface x place, and t represents the heat time;
Suppose that the initial temperature of blade before heat effect is evenly distributed, the expression formula that temperature changed with the degree of depth and heat time is
T ( x , t ) = I 0 ( πρCKt ) 1 2 exp ( - x 2 4 K ρC t ) ;
The position range of determining defect is:
In the every two field picture obtaining in Non-Destructive Testing, by Boundary extracting algorithm, determine the scope of abnormity point in every two field picture;
In the scope of abnormity point, utilize frame difference method from image background, to extract real defective locations;
By visualization technique, complete three-dimensional reconstruction and comprise:
By defective locations information and the depth information combination of defect point arbitrarily, form the triplet information that represents defect point;
Set the 3-D display coordinate space of triplet information;
Triplet information is marked and drawed in three-dimensional coordinate space, obtained defect three-dimensional reconstruction image.
CN201010572548.5A 2010-12-03 2010-12-03 Three-dimensional reconstruction method for internal defect of alloy firmware Expired - Fee Related CN102486462B (en)

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