CN102485328A - Cleaning method of immersion membrane filtration system - Google Patents
Cleaning method of immersion membrane filtration system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102485328A CN102485328A CN2010105708028A CN201010570802A CN102485328A CN 102485328 A CN102485328 A CN 102485328A CN 2010105708028 A CN2010105708028 A CN 2010105708028A CN 201010570802 A CN201010570802 A CN 201010570802A CN 102485328 A CN102485328 A CN 102485328A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic cleaning method of an immersion membrane filtration system. Including general cleaning and chemically enhanced cleaning, the method comprises: in the operation process of an immersion membrane filtration system, when the transmembrane pressure of an immersed membrane in the system is greater than a set transmembrane pressure for 30s-1min, conducting general cleaning to the system, with the set transmembrane pressure controlled at 30KPa-60KPa; after the general cleaning, leaving the system to continue operating, and when the time interval of two neighboring general cleaning is less than a set value, carrying out general cleaning to the system and then performing chemically enhanced cleaning, with the set value maintained at 10min-60min. The cleaning method of the invention can control membrane pollution timely, thus guaranteeing stable operation of the membrane system and avoiding the problem of too short service life of a membrane component due to excessive pollution of the membrane.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the embrane method water treatment field, be specifically related to a kind of cleaning method of submerged membrane filtration system.
Background technology
Along with the continuous decline of the technological growing and film cost of membrane for water treatment, micro-filtration/ultrafiltration membrane technique has obtained significant progress in water treatment field, and range of application also is continuous expansion.
Yet micro-filtration or milipore filter still will face membrane pollution problem in running; Film pollutes and causes the increase of film operating pressure or the reduction of aquifer yield; Therefore micro-filtration or ultrafiltration system need adopt periodic flushing or medicament to clean the water-yielding capacity that just can keep ultrafiltration system, and effective cleaning of film is to prolong the film important means in service life.
The conventional cleaning method that generally adopts at present is: control through the time; Regularly ultrafiltration system is carried out backwash and Chemical cleaning; But the time interval of cleaning rule of thumb comes to confirm usually, and this time interval is fixed in running time in whole system.Though this chemical cleaning method operation of generally adopting is easier, exists a common problem to clean exactly according to time control, so just can't interrelate with the actual operating state of film.As everyone knows, in the actual motion, handle the influence that raw water quality can receive many-sided factor, like seasonal variations, littoral factory changes, and morning and evening tides etc. can not be unalterable, or even water quality all has significant change in one day.Therefore, pollute like: film and to clean too frequent the generation when not serious and waste if in the whole service time of system, all adopts fixing scavenging period may cause some adverse consequences at interval; And film pollutes that cleaning frequency did not reach when accumulation caused severe contamination gradually, can't pollute film to control timely, causes the rapid decay of film properties easily, may cause scrapping of film when serious.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to clean the problem that exists, conventional cleaning method is improved to immersion ultrafiltration or microfiltration membrane system; The present invention adopts a kind of novel cleaning method; Judge the pollution level of film through mould difference and adjacent twice these two parameter of general scavenging period interval; And through controlling automatically to effective general the cleaning and chemical enhanced cleaning of submerged membrane realization; Film is polluted in time controlled, so both guarantee the stable operation of film system, the membrane module too short problem in service life that also can avoid the excess contamination of film to cause.
The object of the invention can reach through following measure:
A kind of auto-cleaning method of submerged membrane filtration system; Comprise general cleaning and chemical enhanced cleaning; Step comprises: in submerged membrane filtration system running; When the transmembrane pressure of submerged membrane in the system during greater than the time remaining 30s that sets the mould difference～1min, system is generally cleaned, wherein set the mould difference at 30KPa～60KPa; The general back system of cleaning continues operation, when adjacent twice general time interval of cleaning during less than setting value, carries out chemical enhanced cleaning again after system generally cleaned, and wherein setting value is at 10min～60min; After chemical enhanced cleaning finished, system continued the normal filtration operation.
In this method, when the submerged membrane filtration system is filtered operation to former water, need to continue to detect the transmembrane pressure of submerged membrane, when this pressure reduction is lower than setting mould difference, continue to carry out filtration step; When this pressure reduction reaches when setting the mould difference and not reaching the maximum filtering pressure reduction of submerged membrane (the maximum filtering pressure reduction that allows of film product is confirmed according to the product description that film producer provides usually); Promptly stop to system's water flowing and generally clean, the general cleaning finished the normal filter operation of continued.When time interval of adjacent twice cleaning during less than setting value, after general cleaning finish after, carry out chemical enhanced cleaning immediately; After the chemical enhanced cleaning, system continues normal operation.
Above-mentioned submerged membrane filtration system comprises pretreatment unit, feed pump, suction pump, submergence pond, membrane module, backwashing pump, air compression plant and cleaning chemicals dosing plant; Said membrane module is located in the said submergence pond; Said feed pump feeds in the submergence pond through pipeline; The arrival end of said feed pump links to each other with said pretreatment unit; Said air compression plant communicates with the aerator of said membrane module bottom through pipeline, and the delivery port of said membrane module is through outlet conduit pass-out submergence pond, said in order to reverse feedwater rinsing membrane module backwashing pump and also be located on the described outlet conduit in order to the cleaning chemicals dosing plant of chemical enhanced cleaning administration.Also comprise control module in the submerged membrane filtration system, in order to each device is carried out system's control.
General cleaning mainly comprises independent air bump rinse operation step, and backwash and air bump rinse operation integrating step, all carries out draining after each step is accomplished and handles.The step of general cleaning of the present invention is: formerly stop the submerged membrane filtration system is supplied water; Treat intrasystem water reduce to 1/2～1 place of system membranes component height (here 1/2 be meant 1/2 place of the water surface at the system membranes assembly; 1 is meant that the water surface is concordant with the height of system membranes assembly, this water surface elevation preferred 2/3) after, the filter process of the membrane module of halt system; And the surface 10～30s of the submerged membrane of employing compressed air scrubbing system; Discharge intrasystem water, adopt backwashing water backwash and compressed air to clean the surface 0.5～3min of submerged membrane more simultaneously, discharge intrasystem rinse water again.Each device in conjunction with above-mentioned submerged membrane filtration system; General concrete steps of cleaning are following: feed pump stops earlier supplying water to the submergence pond; Continuation unlatching suction pump is carried out membrane filtration and is arrived submergence pool inner water potential drop behind 1/2～1 place (preferred 2/3) of membrane module height, closes suction pump to stop the to filter surface 10～30s of startup air compression plant injecting compressed air scouring submerged membrane; Closing air compression plant then stops to clean; With the discharging of the water in the submergence pond, open backwashing pump and air compression plant again, clean the surface 0.5～3min of submerged membrane with backwashing water backwash and compressed air; Close backwashing pump and blowing plant then simultaneously, the water in the submergence pond is discharged.
The step of chemical enhanced cleaning of the present invention is: after general cleaning finishes; The adding cleaning agent carries out backwash 0.5～3min to the submerged membrane of system in backwashing water, soaks 10～60min again, between soak period; Whenever adopt compressed air to clean the surface 10～30s of submerged membrane at a distance from 5～10min; Soak and finish back discharging soak, adopt backwashing water backwash and compressed air to clean the surface 0.5～3min of submerged membrane more simultaneously, discharge intrasystem backwash liquor at last.In conjunction with each device of above-mentioned submerged membrane filtration system, the concrete steps of chemical enhanced cleaning are following: after general cleaning finishes, at first the Chemical cleaning medicament is selected; Start backwashing pump then simultaneously and clean chemicals dosing plant; Inject cleaning agent film is carried out backwash 0.5～3min, close backwashing pump again and soak submerged membrane 10～60min, between soak period; Whenever open surface 10～30s that the air compression plant injecting compressed air is cleaned submerged membrane at a distance from 5～10min; Soak and finish back discharging soak, open backwashing pump and air compression plant once more, carry out surface 0.5～3min that backwashing water backwash and compressed air are cleaned submerged membrane; Close backwashing pump and air compression plant then simultaneously, the backwash liquor in the discharging submergence pond.
Compressed-air actuated pressure is 0.2～0.4MPa among the present invention, and charge flow rate is 25～50NL/min.
In general cleaning and chemical enhanced cleaning, the flow of backwashing water is 1.1～1.5 times that the submerged membrane filtration system is produced discharge.
When carrying out chemical enhanced cleaning procedure, cleaning agent is selected from one or more in clorox, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, citric acid, oxalic acid, the NaOH, and its dosing method is for adding separately or adding simultaneously.
The submerged membrane that this method is mentioned is hollow-fibre membrane, flat sheet membrane or tubular membrane; The material of film is Kynoar, polysulfones, polyvinyl chloride or polyether sulfone; The aperture of film is 0.01～1 μ m.
Therefore in sum, main feature of the present invention is:
1. judge through transmembrane pressure that realized that general cleaning and chemical enhanced cleaning are associated with the film pollution level, the validity of cleaning is improved.
2. for the cleaning water source, can further optimize the cleaning frequency of film, improve the running rate and the rate of recovery of system through the method.
3. for polluted-water, through the method film is polluted and controlled timely, can effectively prolong the service life of film.
4. the method is highly suitable for can improving cleaning efficiency in the ultrafiltration or microfiltration systems of strange water body, and the operation error of avoiding the experience disappearance to cause also is highly suitable in the pilot plant test research in early stage.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of submerged membrane filtration system.
Fig. 2 is a system of the present invention control flow chart.
Fig. 3 is general cleaning process figure.
Fig. 4 is chemical enhanced cleaning process figure.
The specific embodiment
Method of testing:
COD
Mn: the acid permanganimetric method.
Iron: island Feng inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer.
Turbidity: HACH 2100N transmissometer.
Electrical conductivity: the portable conductivity meter of HACH Sension5.
The submerged membrane filtration system:
Immersion ultrafiltration technology in following each example all adopts the submerged membrane filtration system of structure shown in Figure 1; Comprise pretreatment unit, feed pump, suction pump, submergence pond, membrane module, backwashing pump, air compression plant and cleaning chemicals dosing plant; Membrane module is located in the said submergence pond; Feed pump feeds in the submergence pond through pipeline; The arrival end of feed pump links to each other with said pretreatment unit; Air compression plant communicates with the aerator of membrane module bottom through pipeline, and the delivery port of membrane module is through outlet conduit pass-out submergence pond, on the outlet conduit that also is located in order to the backwashing pump of reverse feedwater rinsing membrane module with in order to the cleaning chemicals dosing plant of chemical enhanced cleaning administration.Also comprise in this system in order to each device is carried out the control module of system's control.
Embodiment 1:
Certain face of land Yuan Shui is adopted in this test, its turbidity about 10NTU, COD
MnAbout 3mg/L, iron is about 0.3mg/L.Raw water quality belongs to III class water body, and water body only receives light contamination.The operation process of system is the technology of online coagulation+immersion ultrafiltration.Wherein submerged ultrafiltration is a hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane, and membrane aperture is 0.01 micron, and material is the PVDF milipore filter.Operating flux is 1.5m/d.It is 50KPa that whole system is set pressure reduction, and promptly when milipore filter pressure reduction continued 35s greater than 50KPa, system was generally cleaned the immersion ultrafiltration system automatically, and system continues operation then.If when adjacent twice general scavenging period reduced to 25min at interval, system carried out chemical enhanced cleaning to submerged ultrafiltration after generally cleaning end automatically.Chemical enhanced cleaning back system continues operation.
General step of cleaning is: feed pump stops earlier supplying water to the submergence pond; Continuation unlatching suction pump is carried out membrane filtration and is arrived submergence pool inner water potential drop behind 2/3 place of membrane module height, closes suction pump to stop the to filter surface 15～20s of startup air compression plant injecting compressed air scouring submerged membrane; Closing air compression plant then stops to clean; With the discharging of the water in the submergence pond, open backwashing pump and air compression plant again, clean the surface 1～2min of submerged membrane with backwashing water backwash and compressed air; Close backwashing pump and blowing plant then simultaneously, the water in the submergence pond is discharged.
The step of chemical enhanced cleaning is: after general cleaning finishes, start backwashing pump simultaneously and clean chemicals dosing plant, inject cleaning agent film is carried out backwash 1～2min; Close backwashing pump again and soak submerged membrane 30～40min; Between soak period, whenever open surface 20～30s that the air compression plant injecting compressed air is cleaned submerged membrane, soak and finish back discharging soak at a distance from 6～8min; Open backwashing pump and air compression plant once more; Carry out backwashing water backwash and compressed air and clean the surface 1～2min of submerged membrane, close backwashing pump and air compression plant then simultaneously, the backwash liquor in the discharging submergence pond.
Wherein compressed-air actuated pressure is 0.3MPa, and charge flow rate is 30～40NL/min.The flow of backwashing water produces 1.3 times of discharge for the submerged membrane filtration system.Cleaning agent is selected clorox for use.
After adopting as above the method for operation, because raw water quality is better, so the general scavenging period of whole system can be controlled at 50min～60min at interval, chemical enhanced scavenging period is at interval about 2-3 days.And system can reach more than 3 months in stable operation.Adopt this cleaning method, system's running rate can reach 93%, and the rate of recovery is up to 96%, thereby the operating cost of system is compared with the conventional operation operating mode and can be reduced by 10%～15%.
Embodiment 2:
Certain face of land Yuan Shui is adopted in this test, its turbidity about 40NTU, COD
MnAbout 5mg/L, iron is about 2mg/L.Raw water quality belongs to V class water body, pollutes comparatively serious.The operation process of system is the technology of online coagulation+immersion ultrafiltration.Wherein submerged ultrafiltration is a hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane, and membrane aperture is 0.01 micron, and material is the PVDF milipore filter.Operating flux is 1.3m/d.It is 45KPa that whole system is set pressure reduction, and promptly when milipore filter pressure reduction continued 45s greater than 45KPa, system was generally cleaned the immersion ultrafiltration system automatically, and system continues operation then.If when adjacent twice general scavenging period was lower than 20min at interval, system carried out chemical enhanced cleaning to submerged ultrafiltration after generally cleaning end automatically.Chemical enhanced cleaning back system continues operation.
General step of cleaning is: feed pump stops earlier supplying water to the submergence pond; Continuation unlatching suction pump is carried out membrane filtration and is arrived submergence pool inner water potential drop behind 2/3 place of membrane module height, closes suction pump to stop the to filter surface 10～20s of startup air compression plant injecting compressed air scouring submerged membrane; Closing air compression plant then stops to clean; With the discharging of the water in the submergence pond, open backwashing pump and air compression plant again, clean the surface 0.5～1min of submerged membrane with backwashing water backwash and compressed air; Close backwashing pump and blowing plant then simultaneously, the water in the submergence pond is discharged.
The step of chemical enhanced cleaning is: after general cleaning finishes, start backwashing pump simultaneously and clean chemicals dosing plant, inject cleaning agent film is carried out backwash 0.5～1min; Close backwashing pump again and soak submerged membrane 20～30min; Between soak period, whenever open surface 10～20s that the air compression plant injecting compressed air is cleaned submerged membrane, soak and finish back discharging soak at a distance from 5～7min; Open backwashing pump and air compression plant once more; Carry out backwashing water backwash and compressed air and clean the surface 0.5～3min of submerged membrane, close backwashing pump and air compression plant then simultaneously, the backwash liquor in the discharging submergence pond.
Wherein compressed-air actuated pressure is 0.3MPa, and charge flow rate is 25～30NL/min.The flow of backwashing water produces 1.2 times of discharge for the submerged membrane filtration system.Cleaning agent is selected hydrochloric acid for use.
After adopting as above the method for operation; Because it is comparatively serious that raw water quality pollutes; So the general scavenging period of whole system can be controlled at 30min～40min at interval early stage; The accumulation of polluting along with film afterwards, backwashing time are at 20-30min, and the chemical enhanced scavenging period of system is at interval about 1 day.Adopt this cleaning method, effectively the pollution level of controlling diaphragm prevents that the excess contamination of film from causing the problem that can't pass through the Chemical cleaning recovery.Be about about 1 year the service life of adopting this cleaning method can improve milipore filter.
Claims (10)
1. the auto-cleaning method of a submerged membrane filtration system; Comprise general cleaning and chemical enhanced cleaning; It is characterized in that: in submerged membrane filtration system running; When the transmembrane pressure of submerged membrane in the system during greater than the time remaining 30s that sets the mould difference～1min, system is generally cleaned, wherein set the mould difference at 30KPa～60KPa; The general back system of cleaning continues operation, when adjacent twice general time interval of cleaning during less than setting value, carries out chemical enhanced cleaning again after system generally cleaned, and wherein setting value is at 10min～60min.
2. the auto-cleaning method of submerged membrane filtration system according to claim 1; It is characterized in that described submerged membrane filtration system comprises pretreatment unit, feed pump, suction pump, submergence pond, membrane module, backwashing pump, air compression plant and cleaning chemicals dosing plant; Said membrane module is located in the said submergence pond; Said feed pump feeds in the submergence pond through pipeline; The arrival end of said feed pump links to each other with said pretreatment unit; Said air compression plant communicates with the aerator of said membrane module bottom through pipeline, and the delivery port of said membrane module is through outlet conduit pass-out submergence pond, said in order to reverse feedwater rinsing membrane module backwashing pump and also be located on the described outlet conduit in order to the cleaning chemicals dosing plant of chemical enhanced cleaning administration.
3. the auto-cleaning method of submerged membrane filtration system according to claim 1; The step that it is characterized in that said general cleaning is: stop earlier the submerged membrane filtration system is supplied water; After treating that intrasystem water is reduced to 1/2～1 place of system membranes component height; The filter process of the membrane module of halt system, and the surface 10～30s of the submerged membrane of employing compressed air scrubbing system are discharged intrasystem water; Adopt backwashing water backwash and compressed air to clean the surface 0.5～3min of submerged membrane more simultaneously, discharge intrasystem rinse water again.
4. the auto-cleaning method of submerged membrane filtration system according to claim 3; The step that it is characterized in that said general cleaning is: feed pump stops earlier supplying water to the submergence pond; Continuation unlatching suction pump is carried out membrane filtration and is arrived submergence pool inner water potential drop behind 1/2～1 place of membrane module height, closes suction pump to stop the to filter surface 10～30s of startup air compression plant injecting compressed air scouring submerged membrane; Closing air compression plant then stops to clean; With the discharging of the water in the submergence pond, open backwashing pump and air compression plant again, clean the surface 0.5～3min of submerged membrane with backwashing water backwash and compressed air; Close backwashing pump and blowing plant then simultaneously, the water in the submergence pond is discharged.
5. the auto-cleaning method of submerged membrane filtration system according to claim 1; The step that it is characterized in that said chemical enhanced cleaning is: after general cleaning finishes; The adding cleaning agent carries out backwash 0.5～3min to the submerged membrane of system in backwashing water, soaks 10～60min again, between soak period; Whenever adopt compressed air to clean the surface 10～30s of submerged membrane at a distance from 5～10min; Soak and finish back discharging soak, adopt backwashing water backwash and compressed air to clean the surface 0.5～3min of submerged membrane more simultaneously, discharge intrasystem backwash liquor at last.
6. the auto-cleaning method of submerged membrane filtration system according to claim 5; The step that it is characterized in that said chemical enhanced cleaning is: after general cleaning finishes, start backwashing pump simultaneously and clean chemicals dosing plant, inject cleaning agent film is carried out backwash 0.5～3min; Close backwashing pump again and soak submerged membrane 10～60min; Between soak period, whenever open surface 10～30s that the air compression plant injecting compressed air is cleaned submerged membrane, soak and finish back discharging soak at a distance from 5～10min; Open backwashing pump and air compression plant once more; Carry out backwashing water backwash and compressed air and clean the surface 0.5～3min of submerged membrane, close backwashing pump and air compression plant then simultaneously, the backwash liquor in the discharging submergence pond.
7. according to the auto-cleaning method of claim 3,4,5 or 6 described submerged membrane filtration systems, it is characterized in that said compressed-air actuated pressure is 0.2～0.4MPa, charge flow rate is 25～50NL/min.
8. according to the auto-cleaning method of claim 3,4,5 or 6 described submerged membrane filtration systems, the flow that it is characterized in that said backwashing water produces 1.1～1.5 times of discharge for the submerged membrane filtration system.
9. according to the auto-cleaning method of claim 5 or 6 described submerged membrane filtration systems; It is characterized in that said cleaning agent is selected from one or more in clorox, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, citric acid, oxalic acid, the NaOH, its dosing method is for adding separately or adding simultaneously.
10. according to the auto-cleaning method of arbitrary described submerged membrane filtration system in the claim 1～6, it is characterized in that said submerged membrane is hollow-fibre membrane, flat sheet membrane or tubular membrane; The material of film is Kynoar, polysulfones, polyvinyl chloride or polyether sulfone; The aperture of film is 0.01～1 μ m.
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Application publication date: 20120606 |