The method that the hot-liquid type uranium ore is reconnoitred in a kind of geochemical elements combination spike
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of uranium exploration method, be specifically related to a kind of method of reconnoitring the hot-liquid type uranium ore through geochemical elements combination tracer technique.
Background technology
Through the uranium exploration work in more than 50 years, the simple and easy mineral deposit overwhelming majority came to light.Along with looking for deepening continuously that the miner does, look for the ore deposit degree of depth increasing, particularly the hot-liquid type uranium ore looks for the ore deposit degree of depth increasing especially.For a long time; Conventional both at home and abroad uranium ore geochemical exploration (abbreviation geochemical exploration) method mainly is to draw a circle to approve exposure and inferior exposure mineralising face of land secondary dispersion halo, dispersion train or protofaint searching footrail, ore deposit, the face of land and superficial part ore deposit on every side with uranium and associated element total amount thereof.But, the hot-liquid type uranium ore because the secondary halo that generates and protofaint all are covered cap rock shelter, and the tens of rice of cover thickness or hundreds of meters, this total amount geochemical exploration method is just powerless to reconnoitring of hot-liquid type uranium ore.Therefore, wanting is having new progress aspect the hot-liquid type uranium exploration, continues to use or improves conventional total amount geochemical exploration method and become very difficult.Urgent need can be from the face of land method of prospecting and technology of Direct Recognition URANIUM DEPOSITS IN THE DEPTHization.
Summary of the invention
The method that the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of geochemical elements combination spike to reconnoitre the hot-liquid type uranium ore, this method can effectively solve the key issue that conventional total amount geochemical exploration method can not be surveyed deep hot-liquid type uranium ore.
Realize the technical scheme of the object of the invention: the method that the hot-liquid type uranium ore is reconnoitred in a kind of geochemical elements combination spike, it may further comprise the steps:
(1) pedotheque collection and processing
Choose sampled point with certain sampling density reconnoitring the district, gather the soil at the B layer top of certain mass at each sampled point;
(2) measure the uranium component of reconnoitring in district's soil
(2.1) extraction of uranium component
The soil of getting B layer top in a certain amount of above-mentioned steps (1) is placed in the container; And in container, add ammonium citrate and hartshorn salt mixed solution; Stir, place the back and filter, filtrating is accepted with first color comparison tube, and filtrating in first color comparison tube is shaken up after dashing with deionized water; Extract filtrating after the dashing of certain volume, be placed in second color comparison tube, in this second color comparison tube, add salpeter solution again, shake up after dashing with deionized water with deionized water;
(2.2) mensuration of uranium component
Measure the uranium component of the solution after dashing in (2.1) second color comparison tubes of above-mentioned steps, with deionized water, promptly obtain the uranium component of this sampled point;
(3) measure
210Po
(3.1)
210The extraction of Po
The soil of getting B layer top in a certain amount of above-mentioned steps (1) is placed in the container, and in container, adds hydrochloric acid, puts into then with the good copper sheet of nitric acid treatment; Through the above-mentioned hydrochloric acid solution that contains copper sheet is vibrated at a certain temperature, at this moment
210Po is enriched on the copper sheet, takes out the circle copper sheet;
(3.2)
210The mensuration of Po
Measure the alpha ray intensity of copper sheet, promptly obtain in the soil
210The content of Po;
(4) make the uranium component,
210Po element plane equivalence
According to the result that above-mentioned steps (2) and (3) are measured, produce uranium component isogram with
210Po element plane equivalence is tentatively irised out into the ore deposit prospective area;
(5) cause unusual identification through the ore deposit, judge whether reconnoitre the district exists the hot-liquid type uranium ore
(5.1) it is unusual whether to be according to uranium component/total uranium amount ratio in judgement that the ore deposit causes the uranium component
If to cause the uranium component unusual for the ore deposit more than or equal to 0.1 for uranium component/total uranium amount ratio; If to cause the uranium component unusual for non-ore deposit less than 0.1 for uranium component/total uranium amount ratio;
(5.2) component is unusual if the ore deposit causes uranium, then further combines following inferred conditions to reconnoitre the district and whether has the hot-liquid type uranium ore:
1. through uranium component isogram, whether fit is arranged and the unusual distribution pattern of uranium component that progressively concentrates reaches the stronger unusual concentration center of uranium component, promptly from outside take to band, again to zone that interior band uranium component raises gradually;
2. pass through
210The Po isogram, see if there is the uranium component,
210Po makes up unusually, and whether promptly corresponding exceptions area overlaps basically;
3. uranium component exceptions area whether with the favourable corresponding compound location of one-tenth ore deposit rift structure alteration zone, be about to exceptions area and overlay on this district's geologic map, regard ore deposit rift structure alteration zone as and whether pass through exceptions area.
If the step deduction conclusion 1.-3. in the above-mentioned steps (5.2) has 2 at least for certainly, then can judge this and reconnoitre the district and have the hot-liquid type uranium ore; Otherwise this is reconnoitred the district and is not had the hot-liquid type uranium ore.
Described step (1) specifically may further comprise the steps:
(1.1) choose sampled point with certain sampling density reconnoitring the district;
(1.2) gather the soil at the B layer top of certain mass at each sampled point, the soil at the B layer top of gathering is sieved, get the soil of the certain mass after each sampled point sieves, oven dry earlier is cooled to after the room temperature subsequent use again.
Sampling density in the described step (1.1) is 4 point/km
2~500 point/km
2Gather the soil 200g~500g at B layer top in the described step (1.2), get the soil 10g~50g after sieving,, be cooled to after the room temperature subsequent use at 105 ℃~110 ℃ baking 2h down.
Described step (2.1) specifically may further comprise the steps:
1. the sample of from above-mentioned steps (1), getting certain mass in the soil at the B layer top of each sampled point is placed in the container respectively;
2. in each container, all add ammonium citrate and hartshorn salt mixed solution, with filtering behind this mixed solution stirring, the placement certain hour, filtrating is accepted with color comparison tube;
3. with above-mentioned steps 2. the filtrating in the color comparison tube dash to certain scale, shake up with deionized water;
The 3. middle filtrating for preparing of above-mentioned steps of 4. extracting certain volume adds salpeter solution to this color comparison tube kind again in first color comparison tube, to certain scale, shake up in a state of excitement with deionized water.
The quality of being materialsed in the 1. individual step in the described step (2.1) is 2.5000g, and container is the 50ml beaker;
2. individual step in the described step (2.1) is in each 50ml beaker, to add ammonium citrate and the 0.1mol/L hartshorn salt mixed solution that 20ml concentration is 0.1mol/L respectively, and filtrating is accepted with the 25ml color-comparison tube;
In the described step (2.1) the 3. a step be with above-mentioned steps 2. the filtrating in the color comparison tube dash to the 25ml scale, shake up with deionized water;
4. individual step in the described step (2.1) is extracted the 3. middle filtrating for preparing of 1.00ml above-mentioned steps respectively in the 10ml color comparison tube, in this color comparison tube, adds 1ml nitric acid (1+2) solution again, dashes to the 10ml scale, shakes up with deionized water.
Measure the uranium component with the ICP-MS method in the described step (2.2).
Described step (3.1) specifically may further comprise the steps:
1. the sample of from above-mentioned steps (1), getting certain mass in the soil at the B layer top of each sampled point is placed on respectively in the container, in container, adds hydrochloric acid, in hydrochloric acid solution, puts into the good copper sheet of nitric acid treatment;
2. the hydrochloric acid solution that contain useful nitric acid treatment good round copper sheet of above-mentioned steps in 1. vibrated at a certain temperature, take out behind the copper sheet with deionized water rinsing, blot.
The quality of being materialsed in the 1. individual step in the described step (3.1) is 2.0000g, and container is the 100ml beaker, and the hydrochloric acid of adding is the hydrochloric acid of 20 milliliters of 2mol/L, and copper sheet is the circle copper sheet;
2. individual step in the described step (3.1) is that hydrochloric acid solution was vibrated 3 hours~5 hours down at 60 ℃~80 ℃, at this moment
210Po is enriched on the round copper sheet, takes out deionized water rinsing behind the circle copper sheet, blots with filter paper then.
Measure the positive alpha ray intensity of circle copper sheet with the alpha ray ratemeter in the described step (3.2).
Useful technique effect of the present invention is: the uranium component of method of the present invention through extracting, measure the surface soil sample,
210Po can cause in certain regional latent hydrothermal solution uranium ore ore deposits of finding, discerning the tens of rice of cover thickness to hundreds of rice effectively above latent hot-liquid type uranium ore unusually.This method is easy, quick, cost is low, efficient is high, validity is strong, investigation depth is big, is a kind of direct method of prospecting.Carried out this method in the past in probing work measures in advance; Let the probing work of spending many; Concentrate in the scope of target area and carry out, will significantly reduce the probing workload, improve and to look for the ore deposit hit rate, accelerate to look for ore deposit speed, shorten exploration cycle, reduce cost, provide favourable reserve regional for the uranium resource exploration quickly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 reconnoitres the uranium component isogram of hot-liquid type uranium ore for China somewhere;
Fig. 2 reconnoitres the hot-liquid type uranium ore for China somewhere
210The po isogram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is done further explain.
The method that the hot-liquid type uranium ore is reconnoitred in a kind of geochemical elements combination spike specifically may further comprise the steps:
(1) pedotheque collection and processing
(1.1) reconnoitre the district choose sampled point, sampling density is 4 point/km
2~500 point/km
2
Can choose sampling density is 4 point/km
2, 10 point/km
2, 20 point/km
2, 30 point/km
2, 40 point/km
2, 50 point/km
2, 100 point/km
2, 200 point/km
2, 300 point/km
2, 400 point/km
2Or 500 point/km
2
(1.2) gather the soil 200g~500g at B layer top at each sampled point, with soil mistake-80 mesh sieve at the B layer top of gathering.Soil 10g~50g after getting each sampled point and sieving, under 105 ℃~110 ℃, baking 2h is cooled to after the room temperature subsequent use.
Can gather soil 200g, 300g, 400g or the 500g at B layer top, can dry by the fire 2h down at 105 ℃, 107 ℃ or 110 ℃.
(2) measure the uranium component of reconnoitring in district's soil
(2.1) extraction of uranium component
1. from above-mentioned steps (1), get the 2.5000g sample in the soil at the subsequent use B layer top of each sampled point, and respectively each sample is placed the 50ml beaker;
2. in each 50ml beaker, add ammonium citrate and 0.1mol/L hartshorn salt mixed solution that 20ml concentration is 0.1mol/L respectively; With filtering behind this mixed solution stirring, the placement 24h; Can adopt common funnel filter paper filtering, filtrating is accepted with the 25ml color-comparison tube;
It is pure that ammonium citrate and hartshorn salt are analysis.
3. with above-mentioned steps 2. the filtrating in the color comparison tube dash to the 25ml scale, shake up with deionized water;
4. extract the 3. middle filtrating for preparing of 1.00ml above-mentioned steps respectively in the 10ml color comparison tube, add 1ml nitric acid (1+2) solution to this color comparison tube kind again, dash to the 10ml scale, shake up with deionized water.
(2.2) mensuration of uranium component
Measure the 4. uranium component of solution after the dashing in the step, in the 10ml color comparison tube of above-mentioned steps (2.1) with deionized water with ICP-MS method (Waters Using ICP-MS); Promptly obtain the uranium component of this sampled point; The uranium component is the content of mobile uranium in the soil, and the unit of uranium component is ng/g.
(3) measure
210Po
(3.1)
210The extraction of Po
1. from above-mentioned steps (1), get the 2.0000g sample in the soil at the subsequent use B layer top of each sampled point; Be placed in the 100ml beaker; The hydrochloric acid that in the 100ml beaker, adds 20 milliliters of 2mol/L respectively; In hydrochloric acid solution, put into the good round copper sheet of nitric acid treatment 1.9 centimetres of circle copper sheet diameters, thickness 0.2~0.5mm;
2. with the hydrochloric acid solution that contain useful nitric acid treatment good round copper sheet of above-mentioned steps in 1. 60 ℃~80 ℃ vibrations 3 hours~5 hours down, at this moment
210Po is enriched on the round copper sheet, takes out behind the circle copper sheet with deionized water rinsing, blots with filter paper then.
The vibration temperature can be 60 ℃, 70 ℃ or 80 ℃.Duration of oscillation can be 3 hours, 4 hours or 5 hours.
(3.2)
210The mensuration of Po
Measure the alpha ray intensity (unit: Bq.Kg of circle copper sheet positive (one side of promptly not painting) with the alpha ray ratemeter
-1), promptly obtain in the soil
210The content of Po.
Measure
210During Po, the sample reading duration of each sampled point is 10 minutes.
(4) make the uranium component,
210Po element plane equivalence
According to the result that above-mentioned steps (2) and (3) are measured, adopt Sufer software produce respectively uranium component isogram with
210Po element plane equivalence is tentatively irised out into the ore deposit prospective area.
Also can adopt any software development of the prior art go out uranium component isogram with
210Po element plane equivalence.
(5) cause unusual identification through the ore deposit, judge whether reconnoitre the district exists the hot-liquid type uranium ore
(5.1) it is unusual whether to be according to uranium component/total uranium amount ratio in judgement that the ore deposit causes the uranium component
If to cause the uranium component unusual for the ore deposit more than or equal to 0.1 for uranium component/total uranium amount ratio; If to cause the uranium component unusual for non-ore deposit less than 0.1 for uranium component/total uranium amount ratio.
Reconnoitring the total uranium amount of district's soil measures with ICP-MS method (Waters Using ICP-MS).
(5.2) if judge through above-mentioned steps (5.1) and to reconnoitre Qu Weikuang to cause the uranium component unusual, then further combine following inferred conditions to reconnoitre the district and whether have the hot-liquid type uranium ore:
1. through uranium component isogram, see if there is that the uranium component that progressively concentrates is unusual to distribute and the stronger unusual concentration center of uranium component, the unusual concentration center of uranium component be from outside take to band, again to zone that interior band uranium component raises gradually;
2. pass through
210The Po isogram, see if there is the uranium component,
210Po makes up unusually, and whether promptly corresponding exceptions area overlaps basically;
3. uranium component exceptions area whether with the favourable corresponding compound location of one-tenth ore deposit rift structure alteration zone, be about to exceptions area and overlay on this district's geologic map, regard ore deposit rift structure alteration zone as and whether pass through exceptions area.
If the step deduction conclusion 1.-3. in the above-mentioned steps (5.2) has 2 at least for certainly, then judge this and reconnoitre the district and have the hot-liquid type uranium ore; Otherwise this is reconnoitred the district and is not had the hot-liquid type uranium ore.
Be the detailed process that adopts method of the present invention to reconnoitre below in China somewhere:
From this area sampling, extract the uranium component and
210Po, after ICP-MS method, alpha ray measuring instrument were measured, this district's uranium component isogram was as shown in Figure 1,
210The Po isogram is as shown in Figure 2.
Adopt uranium component/total uranium amount ratio that said method measures the most measuring points in this area more than or equal to 0.1, being the ore deposit, to cause mobile uranium unusual.
Reject the statistics method through iteration and calculate, drawing this area uranium component anomaly threshold value is 1150ng/g.Press 1150ng/g as tyre anomaly threshold value, iris out the nearly 100Km of area
2Uranium component area exceptions area; At the nearly 100Km of this area
2The regional anomaly district in, with 1870ng/g as in band anomaly threshold value, iris out the nearly 50Km of area
2Uranium component local anomaly district; In like manner, at the nearly 50Km of this area
2The local anomaly district in, as interior band anomaly threshold value, iris out the unusual concentration center of uranium component district with 2660ng/g.Can find out that through accompanying drawing 1 hence one can see that, this area exist from outside take to band, again to zone that interior band uranium component raises gradually; Promptly there is the unusual concentration center of uranium component.
In conjunction with accompanying drawing 2, can find out, this area uranium component,
210Po unusual each the area coincidence degree is higher (presses
210Po 37Bq/Kg is with the anomaly threshold value as tyre anomaly threshold value in the 57Bq/Kg conduct, and 75Bq/Kg is as interior band anomaly threshold value).Investigation through aspects such as the hydrology, geology finds that this area's soil uranium component exceptions area is corresponding compound with the rift structure alteration zone in favourable one-tenth ore deposit.To sum up can know, infer the underground hot-liquid type uranium ore that exists in this area, and confirm through drilling project.
Combine accompanying drawing that embodiments of the invention have been done detailed description above, but the present invention is not limited to the foregoing description, in the ken that those of ordinary skills possessed, can also under the prerequisite that does not break away from aim of the present invention, makes various variations.The content of not doing in the instructions of the present invention to describe in detail all can adopt prior art.