CN102478512A - Test method of influence of adding amount of hydrophobic polymer flocculant on flocculation effect - Google Patents

Test method of influence of adding amount of hydrophobic polymer flocculant on flocculation effect Download PDF

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CN102478512A
CN102478512A CN2010105676559A CN201010567655A CN102478512A CN 102478512 A CN102478512 A CN 102478512A CN 2010105676559 A CN2010105676559 A CN 2010105676559A CN 201010567655 A CN201010567655 A CN 201010567655A CN 102478512 A CN102478512 A CN 102478512A
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hydrophobic polymer
flocculating agent
influence
polymer flocculant
flocculating
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袁连海
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Abstract

The invention discloses a test method of the influence of adding amount of a hydrophobic polymer flocculant on flocculation effect. The method comprises the following steps of: preparing the polymer flocculant and clay suspension; respectively adding equal amount of clay suspension to a plurality of test containers, and adjusting the pH value of the clay suspension in the test containers until the pH value is equal; adding different amount of polymer flocculant to the clay suspension; obtaining the influence of the adding amount of the hydrophobic polymer flocculant on the flocculation effect by observing and comparing the light transmittance; determining the best adding amount of the hydrophobic polymer flocculant; and other steps. The influence of the adding amount of the hydrophobic polymer flocculant on the flocculation effect can be quickly tested by the method; the method is high in test precision, simple in operation steps and low in test cost; the best adding amount of various hydrophobic polymer flocculants under corresponding conditions is determined through the test result; and the sewage treatment effect of the hydrophobic polymer flocculant is improved.

Description

Hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent dosage is to the method for testing of flocculating effect influence
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for testing of a kind of hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent dosage to the flocculating effect influence.
Background technology
Along with the continuous increase of rapid economy development and population, energy production is on the rise with the environmental problem that consumption produces, and particularly water pollution problems has become the hot issue of various circles of society's common concern.In many municipal effluents and industrial waste water, the petroleum industry oily waste water is the most representative.Developed and produced multiple sewage-treating agent in order to improve the oily waste water treatment effeciency, comprised coagulant, flocculating agent, flotation agent etc.Wherein the hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent can be accelerated water purification speed as efficient water treatment agent, removes suspension and noxious material in the water.
Oil content in the oily waste water exists with oil slick, dispersed oil, oil emulsion and four kinds of forms of dissolving wet goods usually.Because the difference of existence form, the method for handling oily waste water is also just different.At present external oil-contaminated water of oil field is handled the facility that adopts and is mainly contained settling pit, oil interceptor, inclined plate grease pond, removes oil tank, coarse jar, pressure slurry tank, flotation cell (post), pressure filter, single valve filter tank, combined type treating apparatus, hydrocyclone and fine filter etc. except that oil tank, coagulation naturally.The affiliated facility that adopts has various buffering system jars (pond), reclaims water pot (pond), backwash tank (pond), slop oil tank, medicament establishing system, various water pump and oil-water metering facility etc.
In recent years, some new equipment have been developed in the processing of oily sewage (mainly being oil extraction-generated waste water) abroad, like novel closed float tank, hydrocyclone, various combined type oil-water separators etc.The successful exploitation of these devices is all of great advantage to integrated and the reduction equipment volume and the construction costs etc. of the treatment effect that improves oily sewage, the treatment efficiency that improves equipment, realization treatment facility function.
Yet be not that single method is handled oily waste water and just can be reached the effluent quality requirement, several kinds of disposal routes of actual waste water treatment project needs are combined into various treatment process system and handle oily waste water.Along with science and technology development, the improvement technology of oil-contaminated water of oil field is strengthened when constantly exploring and is improved both at home and abroad in recent years.According to the data from abroad introduction, the characteristics and the important symbol of new oilfield produced water treatment process are that hydrocyclone is introduced flow process, substitute traditional oil removal and flotation cells.In the U.S. North Sea oil field re-injection oil-containing sewage treatment technique flow process, adopted 3 oil-water separators and 6 hydrocyclone series connection, the water quality after the processing can reach the requirement of re-injection water.Wherein oil content is reduced to below 20~30mg/L by 200~500mg/L (mainly existing with O/W type form of emulsion).In addition, the many oil removal by air bubbling technology that adopted of the U.S.'s its treatment process in newly-built oily water treatment station.U.S.'s Gulf oilfield produced water processing technological flow is made up of unit such as oil-water separator, flocculation, air supporting, GAC-FBR (activated charcoal biological fluidized-bed reactor), electrodialysis; Handle back day maximum oil content and be no more than 10mg/L, reached very strict emission control standards.Many scholars' research shows, handles the condensed oil sewage that contains some hardly degraded organic substances and generally adopts the biochemical oxidation method, and its technological process mainly comprises unit operationss such as oil-water separator, air supporting, chemical oxidation, biological membrane hydrolysis acidification, filtration.
Developed and produced multiple sewage-treating agent in order to improve the oily waste water treatment effeciency, comprised coagulant, flocculating agent, flotation agent etc.Wherein the hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent can be accelerated water purification speed as efficient water treatment agent, removes suspension and noxious material in the water.The disposal route of oily waste water is also a lot, and particularly handle oily waste water and have the treatment effeciency height, the residence time is short, energy consumption is low, occupation of land is little by the turbine air flotation method for wherein air supporting method, control and characteristics easy to maintenance.Add flotation agent during air supporting and can not only obtain better air flotation effect, and can shorten the flocculation reaction time, this is to reducing capital expenditure, cutting down the consumption of energy and operating cost has great importance in the actual engineering.
Can roughly the flocculating agent of studying at present and using be divided into inorganic flocculating agent, organic flocculant, composite flocculation agent and microbial flocculant four big classes according to the composition of flocculating agent and preparation method's difference.
(1) inorganic flocculating agent
The applicating history of inorganic flocculating agent is long, and traditional inorganic flocculating agent has low molecular inorganic salts such as aluminium sulphate, aluminum chloride, ferrous sulphate, ferric trichloride, and its advantage is a less expensive, but there is bigger problem in they in water treatment procedure.Its consumption is big, and aggregation velocity is slow, and the floccus of formation is little, and corrosivity is strong, and in wastewater treatment, usually causes the sludge dewatering difficulty, and sludge quantity is big, and is undesirable at some occasion purifying water effect, and replaced by inorganic polymer flocculant gradually.Inorganic polymer flocculant is after the sixties in 20th century, just to grow up in the world.In recent years, development and application polymeric aluminum, iron, silicon and various composite flocculant became focus.The kind of inorganic polymer flocculant is cationic in the series that China progressively forms to have aluminium polychloride (PAC), polyaluminium sulfate (PAS), polymer phosphate aluminium (PAP), bodied ferric sulfate (PFC), a polymer phosphate iron (PFP) etc.; Anionic activated silicic acid (AS), polymeric silicicacid (PS) arranged; Inorganic composite type PAFC (PAFC), poly-silicic acid iron sulfate (PFSS), polysilicate sulfuric acid aluminium (PASS), polymeric silicicacid iron chloride (PFSC), polymerization sulfuric chlorohydrin iron (PFCS), polymer aluminium silicate (PASI), polymeric silicicacid iron (PFSI), polymer phosphate ferro-aluminum (PSFP), silico-calcium composite polymeric iron chloride (SCPAFC) etc. are arranged.They and traditional flocculating agent relatively usefulness are more excellent, and more cheap than organic polymer coargulator, and be widely used in feeding water, the various flow processs of industrial waste water and municipal effluent.
(2) organic polymer coargulator
The organic polymer coargulator molecular weight is big, of a great variety, have very strong adsorption bridging ability; Compare with inorganic polymer flocculant; Have that consumption is few, the flocculation dewatering ability is strong, settling velocity is fast, it is few to generate sludge quantity; And advantages such as the salt that coexisted, pH value and temperature effect are little received extensive attention in recent years, and it has a extensive future.Used at present and mainly contained organic polymer coargulator two major types synthetic and modification.
1. synthetic organic polymer flocculating agent
Press the electrically charged difference of macromolecular chain, that organic polymer coargulator can be divided into is cationic, four big types of anionic, nonionic and amphoteric ion types.Polyacrylamide (PAM) is owing to there is a small amount of amide group to be hydrolyzed to carboxyl in polymerization process; Often have the negative ion characteristic; Usually degree of hydrolysis is called non-ionic polyacrylamide, the partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide that is called greater than 4% less than 4% polyacrylamide.In anionic synthetic organic polymer flocculating agent, high, the good water solubility of the partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide molecular weight that contains shuttle sodium base anionic group is the broad-spectrum polymeric flocculant of excellent performance.Generally obtain, perhaps add the hydrolytic reagent heating hydrolysis and make amide group partly change carboxylic sodium base into and obtain by polyacrylamide by acrylic amide and PAA copolymerization.Because it contains equally distributed carboxyl anion, can combine to form corresponding gel with polyvalent metal ion, therefore effect is remarkable in containing heavy metal-polluted water treatment.In addition, sodium polyacrylate since higher, the good water solubility of its molecular weight, avirulence, strong flocculation also be used widely.Because how electronegative colloid and suspended particle be, use cationic flocculant can in particle electrically charged, reach the purpose of flocculation.Therefore, cationic high-molecular flocculant has become the focus of synthetic organic polymer flocculating agent.Consumption at state's cationic flocculants such as Japan and the United States accounts for 60% of synthetic flocculant total amount, and is annual also with the speed increment more than 10%.Cationic flocculant mainly is quaternary ammonium salts and polyamine class, and wherein cation-modified polyacrylamide occupies larger proportion.Cation-modified polyacrylamide generally obtains through copolymerization or mannich reaction, and major product has quaternary ammoniated PAMC, acrylic amide and N, N-dimethyl amido acrylamide copolymer.
Amphiphatic high polymer coagulant generally by the vinyl monomer that contains the yin, yang ionic group through free radicals copolymerization reaction and macromolecule modified obtaining, wherein anionic group is carboxyl, sulfonic group, sulfate, cation group is the quaternary amine alkali.Amphiphatic high polymer coagulant is owing to have the characteristics of yin, yang ionic group concurrently; Charged situation maybe be different under the different medium condition, are suitable for handling the pollutant with different electric charges, and its pH value scope of application is wide; Salt-resistance is good; Particularly when being directed against the pollution system of yin, yang ion coexist, Amphiphatic high polymer coagulant not only has electrical neutralization, adsorption bridging, and intermolecular " winding " package action is arranged.
2. natural modified polymeric flocculant
Natural modified family macromolecule organic flocculant is one type of ecological safety type flocculating agent, compares with synthetic organic polymer coargulator, has good " environmental acceptability ", and being one type has applications well prospect, cheap and good-quality novel flocculant.Because natural macromolecule flocculating agent electric density is less, molecular weight is on the low side, and molecular structure is difficult to regulation and control and is prone to biodegradation takes place and loses flocculation activity, so research direction mainly concentrates on they are carried out modification both at home and abroad.Can be divided into natural modified polymeric flocculant starch based, cellulose family, vegetable gum class and gather polysaccharide by raw material sources.Wherein the most noticeable to the modification of starch.Modification mainly contains the cationic starch of tertiary amine or quaternary amines through the etherification reaction preparation; Perhaps with monomer-grafted copolymerization, crosslinked such as acrylic amide, acrylic acid; Make multipolymer also have the high molecular character of synthetic simultaneously; Make multipolymer be the cladodification structure, disperse the flocculation group, making it has stronger absorption, bridge formation, volume to sweep effect to the particle in the suspension system.Present domestic development and use mainly contain the starch-grafted polymkeric substance of hydroxyl (ISC), cationic starch CS-1 type etc.In addition, in development and appliable plant glue class, gather and also obtain remarkable progress aspect the natural modified polymeric flocculant of polysaccharide.Like Xiao Yao etc., be raw material with the larch bark, not only flocculating effect is obvious with the quaternary ammoniated kation tannin JHF that obtains of benzyl chloride again after amine-methylated to tannin wherein, can also play inhibition, sterilization.Contain amide group, hydroxyl in the shitosan quasi-molecule; Can form stable huge legendary turtle compound with heavy metal ion; Through introducing methylol with the chloroacetic acid reaction, can make amphoteric chitosan after the hydrolysis, amido also capable of using and aldehyde radical reaction generate SChiff alkali; Select to contain in the molecular structure aldehyde of carboxyl, process amphoteric chitosan.Wu Gen etc. utilize the schiff base reaction between shitosan and the vanillic aldehyde, increase its side chain number and length, prepare flocculating agent VCG more efficiently, and its COD clearance is higher, and dosage is lower.
(3) composite flocculation agent
For the complicated water body of composition, single flocculating agent can not satisfy the requirement of water treatment usually.The development of composite flocculation agent is just arisen at the historic moment.Composite flocculation agent roughly is divided into inorganic composite flocculant, organic composite coagulator and inorganic organic composite coagulator three major types.Domestic and international research is primarily aimed at inorganic organic composite coagulator at present.The mechanism of action of such flocculating agent is: behind the sewage impurity absorption inorganic flocculating agent, the adsorption bridging effect through organic polymer coargulator precipitates.Because cooperative effect, composite flocculation agent has not only comprised the advantage of original single flocculating agent, has also remedied deficiency separately.Many reports are arranged recently both at home and abroad, as: usefulness PAC-PAM composite flocculation agents such as Chen Lifeng, Li Mingjun are respectively applied for ferrous salt, PAM composite flocculation agent and handle different turbidity sewages and contain the electroplating wastewater that C produces.Flocculating property, mechanism and optimal coagulant dose etc. to them have been done a series of deep researchs, be illustrated in soon the stage of stirring and be with compression double electric layer,
The absorption charge neutrality is main, and the stage of stirring is to be adsorbed as the master with bridging slowly, and incorgruous flocculation and difference fleece hocket with fixed attention in the quiet heavy stage, reach the purpose of rapid sedimentation.Usefulness PAMC and the composite efficient flocculatings of having realized the living rhzomorph fermentation liquor of centering of zeyssatite such as Li Shaojie have improved its liquid-solid separating property greatly.
(4) microbial flocculant
Microbial flocculant is meant and utilizes microbial technique, through the fermentation of microorganism, and extracting, refining and one type of flocculating agent obtaining has efficient, nontoxic, advantages such as the flocculation object is extensive, decolorizing effect uniqueness.In 70 generations of 20th century, Japanese scholar has found to have the microbial culture medium of flocculation in research phthalandione vinegar biodegradation process.In the later stage eighties, processed first kind of biological flocculant of called after NOC-1 and drop into suitability for industrialized production and be used for wastewater treatment.
The hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent can be accelerated water purification speed as efficient water treatment agent, removes suspension and noxious material in the water.But; The instant capacity and the bin stability of the existing many hydrophobic polymer solution that synthesize are not fine, and the hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent dissolves the thinning or formation microgel of solution postpone of a specified duration of back preparation owing to the introducing of hydrophobic monomer is difficult to dissolving; Even occur being separated, produce white precipitate.
In the synthesis technique of hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent, initiating agent dosage major decision the size of polymer molecular weight, there is an optimum value scope in molecular weight to the influence of flocculating property.The too little or too high effect that does not all have efficient flocculating of molecular weight is because the flocculation process of organic polymer coargulator relates generally to the charge neutrality and absorption two aspects of building bridge.When molecular weight is too low,, is difficult to produce the crane span structure effect and forms flco, play protecting colloid on the contrary, cause that the part colloidal particles can't go down by flocculating setting in the supernatant though polymkeric substance can be adsorbed on the surface of particle.Along with polymer molecular weight increases, the big size of molecule in solution is just big more, and the crane span structure ability is strong more, and flocculating effect strengthens.But the molecular weight that is not polymkeric substance is just good more to flocculating effect more greatly, and molecular weight is too big, and flocculation rate is too fast, can cause the suspension of fine particle to remain in the supernatant liquor.Molecular weight is too big in addition, and polymer water dissolubility variation is difficult for disperseing and dissolving in water body, is unfavorable for flocculation.
Hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent dosage is one of key factor of decision flocculating effect, and various hydrophobic polymer flocculating agents all have the best dosage under corresponding conditions, when dosage is below or above this optimum value, all can not reach good flocculation ability.The best dosage of hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent receives the influence of various factors in the water body, and different water bodys has different values.Therefore, confirm the best dosage of hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent, the hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent is applied to wastewater treatment seems most important.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming and defect of above-mentioned prior art; The method of testing of a kind of hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent dosage to the flocculating effect influence is provided; This method of testing can test out the influence of hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent dosage to flocculating effect fast, and measuring accuracy is high, and operation steps is simple; Testing cost is low; Through the result of test, thereby determine the best dosage of various hydrophobic polymer flocculating agents under corresponding conditions, improved the wastewater treatment efficiency of hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent.
The object of the invention is realized through following technical proposals: hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent dosage may further comprise the steps the method for testing of flocculating effect influence:
(a) preparation hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent sample and clay suspension;
(b) in a plurality of test chambers, add the clay suspension of equivalent respectively, and be adjusted to identical pH value;
(c) in the clay suspension, add the different hydrophobic polymer flocculating agents of measuring;
(d) leave standstill a period of time, compare transmittance through observing, thereby obtain of the influence of hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent dosage, and then determine the best dosage of hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent flocculating effect.
In the said step (b), test chamber is a beaker.
In the said step (b), regulate the pH value of clay suspension through HCl solution and NaOH solution.
The concentration of said HCl solution and NaOH solution is 0.1mol/L.
In the said step (b), the value of pH value is 7.
In sum; The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: can test out the influence of hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent dosage to flocculating effect fast, measuring accuracy is high, and operation steps is simple; Testing cost is low; Through the result of test, thereby determine the best dosage of various hydrophobic polymer flocculating agents under corresponding conditions, improved the wastewater treatment efficiency of hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the curve map of hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent dosage to the transmittance influence.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is done further detailed description, but embodiment of the present invention is not limited only to this.
Embodiment:
The hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent dosage that the present invention relates to is to the method for testing of flocculating effect influence, and its concrete steps are following:
(a) preparation hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent sample and clay suspension;
(b) in a plurality of test chambers, add the clay suspension of equivalent respectively, and be adjusted to identical pH value;
(c) in the clay suspension, add the different hydrophobic polymer flocculating agents of measuring;
(d) leave standstill a period of time, compare transmittance through observing, thereby obtain of the influence of hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent dosage, and then determine the best dosage of hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent flocculating effect.
In the said step (b), test chamber is a beaker.
In the said step (b), regulate the pH value of clay suspension through HCl solution and NaOH solution.
The concentration of said HCl solution and NaOH solution is 0.1mol/L.
In the said step (b), the value of pH value is 7.
Hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent dosage is one of key factor of decision flocculating effect, and various hydrophobic polymer flocculating agents all have the best dosage under corresponding conditions, when dosage is below or above this optimum value, all can not reach good flocculation ability.The best dosage of hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent receives the influence of various factors in the water body, and different water bodys has different values.Therefore, confirm the best dosage of hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent, the hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent is applied to wastewater treatment seems most important.
Because the flocculating effect of hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent directly can draw through its transmittance; So the present invention has recorded the influence of different dosages to transmittance; Can draw its flocculating effect through transmittance, as shown in Figure 1 through the result that said method records, as can beappreciated from fig. 1: when hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent consumption is lower than 3mg/L; Do not have obviously cohesion flocculation phenomenon, add underdosage to facilitate remarkable cohesion flocculation.Hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent consumption too hour, electrically neutralization is few, a little less than the adsorption bridging effect; Consumption increases, and has just begun adsorbance and has also increased thereupon, helps electrically neutralization and absorption crane span structure; But when the flocculating agent consumption was excessive, a large amount of polymeric flocculants was adsorbed on the suspended particle its coating, made particle keep disperseing; Promptly can not condense, thereby flocculating property variation on the contrary.Take all factors into consideration, the best dosage of hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent of determining present embodiment is 15mg/L.
Above-mentioned method of testing can test out the influence of hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent dosage to flocculating effect fast; Measuring accuracy is high; Operation steps is simple, and testing cost is low, through the result of test; Thereby determine the best dosage of various hydrophobic polymer flocculating agents under corresponding conditions, improved the wastewater treatment efficiency of hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not the present invention is done any pro forma restriction, and every foundation technical spirit of the present invention, any simple modification, equivalent variations to above embodiment did all fall within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent dosage is characterized in that the method for testing of flocculating effect influence, may further comprise the steps:
(a) preparation hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent sample and clay suspension;
(b) in a plurality of test chambers, add the clay suspension of equivalent respectively, and be adjusted to identical pH value;
(c) in the clay suspension, add the different hydrophobic polymer flocculating agents of measuring;
(d) leave standstill a period of time, compare transmittance through observing, thereby obtain of the influence of hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent dosage, and then determine the best dosage of hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent flocculating effect.
2. hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent dosage according to claim 1 is characterized in that to the method for testing of flocculating effect influence in the said step (b), test chamber is a beaker.
3. hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent dosage according to claim 1 is characterized in that the method for testing of flocculating effect influence, in the said step (b), regulates the pH value of clay suspension through HCl solution and NaOH solution.
4. hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent dosage according to claim 3 is characterized in that to the method for testing of flocculating effect influence the concentration of said HCl solution and NaOH solution is 0.1mol/L.
5. hydrophobic polymer flocculating agent dosage according to claim 1 is characterized in that to the method for testing of flocculating effect influence in the said step (b), the value of pH value is 7.
CN2010105676559A 2010-11-22 2010-11-22 Test method of influence of adding amount of hydrophobic polymer flocculant on flocculation effect Pending CN102478512A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107324471A (en) * 2017-08-30 2017-11-07 云南磷化集团有限公司 A kind of phosphorus ore special efficient flocculant
CN113428955A (en) * 2021-06-29 2021-09-24 长沙榔梨自来水有限公司 Method for treating water by PAC-PAM combined coagulation stirring in water works

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107324471A (en) * 2017-08-30 2017-11-07 云南磷化集团有限公司 A kind of phosphorus ore special efficient flocculant
CN113428955A (en) * 2021-06-29 2021-09-24 长沙榔梨自来水有限公司 Method for treating water by PAC-PAM combined coagulation stirring in water works

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Application publication date: 20120530