CN102477170A - Natural plant fiber reinforced starch-based composite material and its preparation method - Google Patents
Natural plant fiber reinforced starch-based composite material and its preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102477170A CN102477170A CN2010105646356A CN201010564635A CN102477170A CN 102477170 A CN102477170 A CN 102477170A CN 2010105646356 A CN2010105646356 A CN 2010105646356A CN 201010564635 A CN201010564635 A CN 201010564635A CN 102477170 A CN102477170 A CN 102477170A
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Abstract
Belonging to the technical field of high polymer materials, the invention discloses a completely biodegradable natural plant fiber reinforced starch-based composite material and its preparation method. The composite material of the invention comprises the following components: 10-60 wt% of natural plant fibers, 10-25 wt% of starch, 20-50 wt% aliphatic polyester, 10-20 wt% of a starch compatibilizer. The preparation method of the composite material consists of: crushing 10-60 wt% of natural plant fibers, subjecting them alkali solution treatment and drying, then adding the plant fibers with 10-25 wt% of starch, 20-50 wt% aliphatic polyester, 10-20 wt% of a starch compatibilizer into a preheated internal mixer for mixing, thus obtaining a blended natural plant fiber reinforced starch-based composite material, and carrying out tabletting. The composite material of the invention has excellent plasticity, processibility, acid resistance, alkali resistance, waterproofness, as well as high strength and modulus, and can be completely biodegraded naturally.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of polymer materials, the natural plant fibre that is specifically related to a kind of fully biodegradable strengthens starch-based composite material and preparation method thereof
Background technology
Synthon strengthen polymer matrix composites with its distinctive light weight; Good characteristics such as intensity height are widely used in a lot of fields; Wherein maximum production, the most widely used be glass filament reinforced plastics; But glass filament reinforced plastics can produce a large amount of glass residues when burning, and can't decompose with the treatment process that conforms, and the glass dust that when this kind of processing matrix material, produces possibly cause that the processer is irritated or suffer from skin inflammation.In recent years; Minimizing day by day facing to Nonrenewable resources such as oil; A series of problems such as energy dilemma and environment compatibility adopt natural plant fibre to substitute synthon and more and more cause people's attention as the strongthener in the matrix material, but owing to the general resin as matrix is difficult to natural degradation; Therefore in fact general vegetable fibre strengthens resin composite materials fails to reach the purpose that nature is degraded fully, still environment is threatened.Starch is a kind of important reproducible and biodegradable natural resource as the storage form of glucide in green plants, in foodstuffs industry with other various practical applications in extremely important, usage quantity is big.Starch source enriches cheap, but because starch-based intermingling material water-absorbent is strong, can not stablize use for a long time, its mechanical property of while and very poor in processability, and these shortcomings have hindered the widespread use of starch-based material.
Summary of the invention
To the deficiency that above-mentioned prior art exists, the natural plant fibre that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of fully biodegradable strengthens starch-based composite material.The present invention adopts natural plant fibre, starch through the increase-volume of surface grafting POLYACTIC ACID, is composited with the aliphatic polyester blend, thereby between vegetable fibre and aliphatic polyester, forms the mortise layer.Material of the present invention has excellent mechanical property, has the acid-fast alkali-proof water tolerance simultaneously concurrently, and is with low cost, applied range, and natural biology degraded fully.
Another object of the present invention provides the preparation method of the natural plant fibre enhancing starch-based composite material of above-mentioned fully biodegradable, and this method technology is simple.
Technical scheme of the present invention is following:
The natural plant fibre that the invention provides a kind of fully biodegradable strengthens starch-based composite material, and this matrix material comprises following component:
Natural plant fibre 10-60wt%
Starch 10-25wt%
Aliphatic polyester 20-50wt%
Starch expanding material 10-20wt%
Described natural plant fibre is selected from a kind of in sisal fibers, bagasse, ramee or the xylon etc.
Described starch is selected from a kind of in W-Gum, tapioca(flour) or the yam starch; Wherein starch structure comprises pulullan and amylose starch, and starch need not remove water treatment.
Described aliphatic polyester is selected from poly-epsilon-caprolactone, gather third hands over a kind of in fat or polymerized thylene carbonate third fat.
Described starch expanding material is the surface grafting POLYACTIC ACID, and percentage of grafting is 10-70wt%.
The present invention also provides a kind of natural plant fibre of above-mentioned fully biodegradable to strengthen the preparation method of starch-based composite material, and this method may further comprise the steps:
10-60wt% (weight percent) vegetable fibre is pulverized; Handle through alkaline solution; Dry; Same 10-25wt% (weight percent) starch, 20-50wt% (weight percent) aliphatic polyester and 10-20wt% (weight percent) starch expanding material add in the Banbury mixer of preheating together, mix to obtain commixed type natural plant fibre enhancing starch-based composite material, carry out compressing tablet.
Described vegetable fibre is pulverized and is meant with kibbler and is ground into granularity at 20-100 order or the length fiber at 0.05-4mm.
Described alkaline solution is meant 2% NaOH solution.
Described drying is meant with baking oven at temperature 100-130 ℃, time 1h-1.5h dry to moisture below 2%.
Its preheating temperature of the Banbury mixer of described preheating is 120-200 ℃, and the Banbury mixer rotating speed is 120-200r/m.
Described mixing time is 5-20min, preferred 10-15min.
The present invention compares with prior art, has following advantage and beneficial effect:
1, to adopt the cheap natural plant fibre of aboundresources be strongthener in the present invention, is matrices of composite material with degradable starch base aliphatic polyester, prepares matrix material through melt blending.At the surface grafting POLYACTIC ACID is under the effect of expanding material, and hydrophilic starch and Mierocrystalline cellulose reduce with the IT between the aliphatic polyester of hydrophobic nature, and three's consistency improves, and composite system mixes.
2, the inventive method technology is simple; The material use range that makes is wide, has higher intensity and modulus, but plasticity-and processed-type; And natural plant fibre and body material be degradable all; Thereby the matrix material of gained finally can natural degradation, for solving white pollution and oil shortage problem a kind of effective way is provided, and is a kind of matrix material of novel Sustainable development.
3, material of the present invention has excellent mechanical property, has the acid-fast alkali-proof water tolerance simultaneously concurrently, and production technique is simple, and is with low cost, applied range, and natural biology degraded fully.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of sheet material by ramee/W-Gum/polymerized thylene carbonate third fat preparation.
After the 20wt% ramee is ground into fiber with kibbler; Isolate 60-80 purpose fiber through shining net, the NaOH solution-treated through 2%, part pectin, xylogen and semicellulose in the dissolving natural plant fibre; Do not change the plain chemical structure of main fibre; And the fento rotation angle is reduced, molecular orientation improves, and improves the breaking tenacity of fento.With baking oven 120 ℃ down oven dry 1.5h be lower than 2% to moisture.The fiber of handling and 30wt% W-Gum, 40wt% polymerized thylene carbonate third fat, 10wt% surface grafting POLYACTIC ACID (percentage of grafting is 50%) put into add the Banbury mixer of pining for and be mixed with matrix material; 120 ℃ of Banbury mixer Heating temperatures; Rotating speed 120r/m, heat-up time 10min.The matrix material of gained is used the vulcanizing press compressing tablet, carries out Mechanics Performance Testing by the standard sample preparation of ISO527-2.Performance is seen table 1.
Embodiment 2
A kind of sheet material by sisal fibers/yam starch/polymerized thylene carbonate third fat preparation.
After the 40wt% sisal fibers is ground into fiber with kibbler; Isolate 50 purpose fibers through shining net, the NaOH solution-treated through 2%, part pectin, xylogen and semicellulose in the dissolving natural plant fibre; Do not change the plain chemical structure of main fibre; And the fento rotation angle is reduced, molecular orientation improves, and improves the breaking tenacity of fento.With baking oven 120 ℃ down oven dry 1.5h be lower than 2% to moisture.The fiber of handling and 20wt% yam starch, 30wt% polymerized thylene carbonate third fat, 10wt% surface grafting POLYACTIC ACID (percentage of grafting is 50%) put into add the Banbury mixer of pining for and be mixed with matrix material; 150 ℃ of Banbury mixer Heating temperatures; Rotating speed 150r/m, heat-up time 10min.The matrix material of gained is used the vulcanizing press compressing tablet, carries out Mechanics Performance Testing by the standard sample preparation of ISO527-2.Performance is seen table 1.
Embodiment 3
A kind of sheet material by xylon/tapioca(flour)/polymerized thylene carbonate third fat preparation.
After the 50wt% xylon is ground into fiber with kibbler; Isolate 100 purpose fibers through shining net, the NaOH solution-treated through 2%, part pectin, xylogen and semicellulose in the dissolving natural plant fibre; Do not change the plain chemical structure of main fibre; And the fento rotation angle is reduced, molecular orientation improves, and improves the breaking tenacity of fento.With baking oven 120 ℃ down oven dry 1.5h be lower than 2% to moisture.The fiber of handling and 20wt% tapioca(flour), 20wt% polymerized thylene carbonate third fat, 10wt% surface grafting POLYACTIC ACID (percentage of grafting is 50%) put into add the Banbury mixer of pining for and be mixed with matrix material; 180 ℃ of Banbury mixer Heating temperatures; Rotating speed 180r/m, heat-up time 10min.The matrix material of gained is used the vulcanizing press compressing tablet, carries out Mechanics Performance Testing by the standard sample preparation of ISO527-2.Performance is seen table 1.
Embodiment 4
A kind of sheet material by ramee/W-Gum/polymerized thylene carbonate third fat preparation.
After the 20wt% ramee is ground into fiber with kibbler; Isolate 100 purpose fibers through shining net, the NaOH solution alkaline purification through 2%, part pectin, xylogen and semicellulose in the dissolving natural plant fibre; Do not change the plain chemical structure of main fibre; And the fento rotation angle is reduced, molecular orientation improves, and improves the breaking tenacity of fento.With baking oven 120 ℃ down oven dry 1.5h be lower than 2% to moisture.The fiber of handling and 20wt% W-Gum, 50wt% polymerized thylene carbonate third fat, 10wt% surface grafting POLYACTIC ACID (percentage of grafting is 50%) put into add the Banbury mixer of pining for and be mixed with matrix material; 200 ℃ of Banbury mixer Heating temperatures; Rotating speed 200r/m, heat-up time 10min.The matrix material of gained is used the vulcanizing press compressing tablet, carries out Mechanics Performance Testing by the standard sample preparation of ISO527-2.Performance is seen table 1.
Can find out that through table 1 data the present invention has the specific tenacity height, the characteristics that cost is low; But have excellent plasticity processed-type, acidproof, alkaline-resisting, water tolerance simultaneously, and natural biology degraded fully, be a kind of excellent performance; Environmental friendliness; Added value is high, applied range, the novel material that market outlook are wide.
Table 1
| Embodiment | Ys MPa | Young's modulus MPa |
| The polymerized thylene carbonate third fat matrix | 18.4 | 840.5 |
| Instance 1 | 30.4 | 2250.7 |
| Instance 2 | 35.1 | 3002.9 |
| Instance 3 | 37.6 | 3334.5 |
| Instance 4 | 31.7 | 2429.6 |
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is can understand and use the present invention for ease of the those of ordinary skill of this technical field.The personnel of skilled obviously can easily make various modifications to these embodiment, and needn't pass through performing creative labour being applied in the General Principle of this explanation among other embodiment.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to the embodiment here, those skilled in the art are according to announcement of the present invention, and not breaking away from the improvement that category of the present invention makes and revise all should be within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a natural plant fibre strengthens starch-based composite material, and it is characterized in that: this matrix material comprises following component,
Natural plant fibre 10-60wt%
Starch 10-25wt%
Aliphatic polyester 20-50wt%
Starch expanding material 10-20wt%
2. natural plant fibre according to claim 1 strengthens starch-based composite material, it is characterized in that: described natural plant fibre is selected from a kind of in sisal fibers, bagasse, ramee or the xylon.
3. natural plant fibre according to claim 1 strengthens starch-based composite material, it is characterized in that: described starch is selected from a kind of in W-Gum, tapioca(flour) or the yam starch; Wherein starch structure comprises pulullan and amylose starch.
4. natural plant fibre according to claim 1 strengthens starch-based composite material, it is characterized in that: described aliphatic polyester is selected from poly-epsilon-caprolactone, gather third hands over a kind of in fat or polymerized thylene carbonate third fat.
5. natural plant fibre according to claim 1 strengthens starch-based composite material, and it is characterized in that: described starch expanding material is the surface grafting POLYACTIC ACID, and percentage of grafting is 10-70wt%.
6. arbitrary described natural plant fibre strengthens the preparation method of starch-based composite material in the claim 1 to 5; It is characterized in that: this method may further comprise the steps, and the 10-60wt% vegetable fibre is pulverized, and handles through alkaline solution; Dry; Add together in the Banbury mixer of preheating with 10-25wt% starch, 20-50wt% aliphatic polyester and 10-20wt% starch expanding material, mix obtaining commixed type natural plant fibre enhancing starch-based composite material, carry out compressing tablet.
7. natural plant fibre according to claim 6 strengthens the preparation method of starch-based composite material, it is characterized in that: described vegetable fibre is pulverized and is meant with kibbler and is ground into granularity at 20-100 order or the length fiber at 0.05-4mm; Described alkaline solution is meant 2% NaOH solution.
8. natural plant fibre according to claim 6 strengthens the preparation method of starch-based composite material, it is characterized in that: described drying is meant with baking oven at temperature 100-130 ℃, time 1h-1.5h dry to moisture below 2%.
9. natural plant fibre according to claim 6 strengthens the preparation method of starch-based composite material, and it is characterized in that: its preheating temperature of the Banbury mixer of described preheating is 120-200 ℃, and the Banbury mixer rotating speed is 120-200r/m.
10. natural plant fibre according to claim 6 strengthens the preparation method of starch-based composite material, and it is characterized in that: described mixing time is 5-20min.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103214694A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-07-24 | 武汉纺织大学 | Ramie core powder degradable tableware and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103788617A (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2014-05-14 | 自贡川宇机械有限公司 | Polycarbonate/natural fiber composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103965519A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2014-08-06 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Preparation method of regenerated cellulose reinforced starch film |
| CN104403281A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-03-11 | 苏州蔻美新材料有限公司 | Medical fiber-based polymer material and preparation method thereof |
| CN107880322A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-04-06 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | A kind of low energy consumption prepares high intensity, the method for biodegradable plastic mulch film |
| CN115284686A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-11-04 | 中奥生态环境股份有限公司 | Bio-based fiber blanket for ecological greening |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103214694A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-07-24 | 武汉纺织大学 | Ramie core powder degradable tableware and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103788617A (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2014-05-14 | 自贡川宇机械有限公司 | Polycarbonate/natural fiber composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103965519A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2014-08-06 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Preparation method of regenerated cellulose reinforced starch film |
| CN104403281A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-03-11 | 苏州蔻美新材料有限公司 | Medical fiber-based polymer material and preparation method thereof |
| CN104403281B (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2016-06-08 | 苏州蔻美新材料有限公司 | A kind of medical fibre based high molecular material and its preparation method |
| CN107880322A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-04-06 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | A kind of low energy consumption prepares high intensity, the method for biodegradable plastic mulch film |
| CN115284686A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-11-04 | 中奥生态环境股份有限公司 | Bio-based fiber blanket for ecological greening |
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