CN102468765A - High-frequency industrial frequency transformer - Google Patents
High-frequency industrial frequency transformer Download PDFInfo
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- CN102468765A CN102468765A CN2010105474398A CN201010547439A CN102468765A CN 102468765 A CN102468765 A CN 102468765A CN 2010105474398 A CN2010105474398 A CN 2010105474398A CN 201010547439 A CN201010547439 A CN 201010547439A CN 102468765 A CN102468765 A CN 102468765A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-frequency industrial frequency transformer, belonging to the technical field of a power supply. The high-frequency industrial frequency transformer has a corresponding principle that an alternating-current input end is connected with an alternating-current switch (SW1) and a transformer (T1) in series. A corresponding control signal pulse-width modulation (PWM) controls the alternating-current switch (SW1) to move by the frequency which is multiple times as high as the input frequency, so that a power frequency signal on the transformer (T1) is changed to a high-frequency signal. The secondary of the transformer (T1) can lead an output end to obtain a sinusoidal voltage which has the same frequency and phase as the input by a corresponding filter circuit. An output voltage value can be changed by changing the turn ratio of the transformer (T1) or changing the duty ratio of the control signal pulse-width modulation (PWM). The signal applied on the transformer (T1) is the high-frequency signal, so that the conventional iron-core transformer can be changed to a high-frequency magnetic-core transformer; and therefore, the conventional industrial frequency transformer is small in volume, high in efficiency and low in cost.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The present invention is the invention of the Industrial Frequency Transformer of relevant high frequencyization, in the replaceable existing equipment of this kind transformer and the Industrial Frequency Transformer on the market, belongs to power technique fields.
Background technology
Normally used AC power frequency transformer is shown in figure 17, is traditional Industrial Frequency Transformer.But because this transformer is main material with iron core and copper, volume is heaviness greatly and very; Because primary raw material is a copper, cost was very high when power was big; In addition, because the output voltage of the transformer of this form is to be decided by primary coil and secondary coil turn ratio, so be difficult to obtain magnitude of voltage arbitrarily.Because it is operated under the condition of low frequency, so audio-frequency noise is more serious; The efficient of whole transformer is also quite low.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the Industrial Frequency Transformer that a kind of efficient is high, volume is little, in light weight, with low cost and reliability is high.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
At ac input end series connection alternating-current switch (SW1) and transformer (T1).With the frequency action than the high several times of incoming frequency, the power frequency component that is added in thus on the transformer (T1) has just become high-frequency signal by corresponding control signal (PWM) control alternating-current switch (SW1).Transformer (T1) is secondary just can to make output obtain and import the sinusoidal voltage with frequency, homophase through corresponding filter circuit.Just can change output voltage values through the turn ratio that changes transformer (T1) or the duty ratio that changes control signal (PWM).Like this, be high-frequency signal because transformer (T1) is gone up actuating signal, so transformer (T1) is made to realize the miniaturization and the high efficiency of whole system by high frequency transformer.
Alternating-current switch (SW1) is made up of two semiconductor device, through corresponding connection.Thereby just can be through the break-make of its control end control AC signal of control.
If the interchange output of said system is combined with exchanging to import, can obtain different ac output voltages.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a general structure sketch map of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is an insulating power supply part-structure sketch map;
Fig. 3 is an insulating power supply part input ac voltage oscillogram;
Fig. 4 is that the insulating power supply partial rectification is exported positive half cycle voltage oscillogram;
Fig. 5 is an insulating power supply partial rectification output negative half period voltage oscillogram;
Fig. 6 is an insulating power supply part full-wave rectification output voltage waveform;
Fig. 7 is an insulating power supply part output voltage waveform;
Fig. 8 is the general structure sketch map of control signal unit;
Fig. 9 is the inner triangular wave oscillogram of control signal cell mesh;
Figure 10 is a control signal cell mesh internal reference voltage oscillogram;
Figure 11 is control signal cell mesh feedback signal waveform figure;
Figure 12 is the voltage oscillogram after control signal cell mesh feedback signal and reference signal are made difference;
Figure 13 is the PWM oscillogram of control signal cell mesh comparator output;
Figure 14 is the PWM oscillogram that the control signal cell mesh is exported after power amplification;
Figure 15 is a N channel enhancement metal-oxide-semiconductor structural representation;
Figure 16 is the alternating-current switch structural representation that is made up of two N channel enhancement metal-oxide-semiconductors;
Figure 17 is the transformer device structure sketch map;
Figure 18 is the voltage oscillogram at the elementary two ends of transformer (T1);
Figure 19 is the output filter structural representation;
Figure 20 is a PWM ripple oscillogram;
Figure 21 is system's output voltage waveform.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is described further.
The Industrial Frequency Transformer of high frequencyization, corresponding construction are at ac input end series connection alternating-current switch (SW1) and transformer (T1).Wherein, ac input end one end (L) connects an end of primary, and an end (1) of another termination alternating-current switch of primary, the other end of alternating-current switch (4) connect and exchange the input other end (N).Wherein control signal unit (PWM) is received at the control end of alternating-current switch (2,3) two ends respectively, and the power supply of control signal unit (PWM) is an insulating power supply.The filter circuit of transformer secondary output constitutes low pass filter by inductance L 1, L2 and capacitor C 1, C2, and topmost purpose is the sinusoidal voltage that lets output obtain and import same frequency, homophase, filters high-frequency harmonic component wherein.With the frequency action than the high several times of incoming frequency, the power frequency component that is added in thus on the transformer (T1) has just become high-frequency signal by corresponding control signal unit (PWM) control alternating-current switch (SW1).Transformer (T1) is secondary just can to make output obtain and import the sinusoidal voltage with frequency, homophase through corresponding filter circuit.Just can change output voltage values through the turn ratio that changes transformer (T1) or the duty ratio that changes control signal unit (PWM) output signal.
Said system mainly is made up of insulating power supply unit, control signal unit (PWM), alternating-current switch (SW1), transformer (T1) and output low pass filter.
The insulating power supply unit:
One, the related circuit schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 2, mainly partly is made up of input isolating transformer part, full-wave rectification part, output filtering.
Two, input isolating transformer part
Civil power (U
LN) after transformer (T1) input, obtain corresponding output voltage (Uab) secondary through the corresponding turn ratio (N).Corresponding computing formula is: U
LN=N*Uab.Do not do the discussion of the degree of depth because the design of Industrial Frequency Transformer is comparatively complicated at this.When selecting, only need choose the turn ratio, output voltage and power gets final product.Civil power (U
LN) respective waveforms is as shown in Figure 3, output voltage (Uab) respective waveforms of the same frequency that obtains, homophase is as shown in Figure 3.
Three, full-wave rectification part
This part is linked by four diodes and constitutes full-bridge rectification, so rectifier diode because working in the power frequency state need not consider its frequency range, still will be considered its limiting current, magnitude of voltage.Its relevant work principle is: when input voltage is positive half cycle, and when promptly flowing to b by a, diode D1, D4 conducting, diode D2, D3 end, and current direction is a-D1-R1-e-d-D4-b, and its corresponding output voltage waveforms is as shown in Figure 4; When input voltage is negative half period, when promptly flowing to a by b, diode D2, D3 conducting, diode D1, D4 end, and current direction is b-D2-R1-e-d-D3-a, and its corresponding output voltage waveforms is as shown in Figure 5.Output ripple direct current Ucd respective waveforms is as shown in Figure 6.
Four, output filtering part
Filter circuit is made up of single order RC circuit.Corresponding cut-off frequency computing formula is: fs=1/ (2 π RC). this formula shows that RC is determining cut-off frequency.Therefore, during appropriate change RC numerical value, just can change the cut-off frequency of filter, thus the direct voltage of output smoothing.Waveform through filtered voltage VO is as shown in Figure 7.
Control signal unit (PWM):
Fig. 8 is the general structure sketch map that produces the control signal unit of said PWM signal.Wherein, V1 is the waveform that triangular wave institute generator is produced, and output waveform is as shown in Figure 9: Vref is the reference voltage that reference circuit produces, and output waveform is shown in figure 10; V
FBBe sampled signal, respective waveforms is shown in figure 11; V2 is sampled signal V
FBWith the magnitude of voltage after the benchmark Vref work difference, output waveform is shown in figure 12; V3 is triangular wave and V2 result relatively, and the respective waveforms that obtains is shown in figure 13; The PWM ripple that obtains is sent to drive part again, increases the control end (2,3) of exporting to alternating-current switch after the load-carrying ability, respective waveforms is shown in figure 14.Figure 20 is the sketch map of PWM ripple, wherein the duty ratio of PWM ripple (D) in theory computing formula be: D=Ton/ (Ton+Toff)=Ton/T.Pass through sampled signal V in this control signal unit
FBChange the duty ratio of output signal PWM ripple, as sampled signal V
FBDuring for 0V, the duty ratio of PWM ripple (D) reaches maximum; When sampled signal VFB equated with reference signal, the duty ratio of PWM ripple (D) reached minimum value; Can be in this system through coming that with divider resistance thereby existing reference voltage dividing potential drop is obtained feedback voltage V
FBThereby, the duty ratio of PWM ripple is regulated.Thereby change the secondary output voltage of transformer (T1) through this regulative mode.The control signal unit also can make with the IC of special use except constituting with discrete device.
Alternating-current switch (SW1):
The general structure of above-mentioned alternating-current switch (SW1) is shown in figure 16.Among this figure, Q1, Q2 are N channel enhancement metal-oxide-semiconductor, and D1, D2 are its body diodes.Owing in semiconductor element, used the metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect t of N raceway groove.Because this semiconductor device is a bilateral device, be that source electrode is connected together so work as the controlled terminal of one of which side, between promptly draining, the controlled terminal of opposite side can be added with alternating voltage.In addition; Be to have connected respectively and opposite body diode D1, the D2 of its conducting direction (leakage-source direction) between the controlled terminal (D, S) of N channel field-effect pipe at above-mentioned semiconductor element Q1, Q2; That is to say, link to each other respectively at the drain negative pole of a side and the positive pole of source electrode one side of each FET.
When the control end that is added to each semiconductor element Q1, Q2 when control signal is grid and source electrode, just can control AC signal.When each FET was connected, when the positive half cycle of AC signal, electric current was flowed by the direction of the S-D of the D-S-Q2 of Q1; And when the negative half period of AC signal, electric current is flowed by the direction of the S-D of the D-S-Q1 of Q2.Certainly, just be not to have only said structure can reach the effect of alternating-current switch, in the manufacturing process of N channel enhancement metal-oxide-semiconductor, in order to encapsulate and user's potbellied is connected together its substrate (B) and its source electrode (S).If its substrate (B) extracts separately, and is shown in figure 15, be (V through the voltage between control grid and substrate (B)
GB) just may command drain electrode (D) and source electrode (S) conducting with end, also can obtain effect same as described above thereby become an alternating-current switch.
Transformer (T1):
Its structure is shown in figure 17, and the respective waveforms of its primary side is shown in figure 18.Below, explain with regard to the clock frequency of above-mentioned control signal unit and the relation of transformer (T1).Because alternating-current switch (SW1); The input AC power frequency component is transformed to the interchange high-frequency signal, and be used between sectional area A and the peakflux density Bm of voltage V on the transformer (T), frequency f, turn number N, iron core following relation: V=4*f*N*A*Bm. is arranged
If under the same applied voltage, sectional area A and the peakflux density Bm that frequency improves 2000 times words (for example 50HZ brings up to 100KHZ) coil turn, iron core can become original 1/20th respectively.Because the operating frequency here is very high, iron core can generate heat simultaneously also can be owing to effects such as eddy current increase power loss, so the appendiron core transformer here just changes core transformers into.Like this, just have and to make transformer (T1) realize that small-sized to greatest extent, lightness and power loss are very little.In addition, because can be according to turn ratio conversion output voltage values, so can AC energy be transformed to the magnitude of voltage of wanting arbitrarily.
The output low pass filter:
This filter adopts passive filter, and its structure is shown in figure 19.Because advantage such as that passive filter has is simple in structure, with low cost, operational reliability is higher, operating cost is lower is still widely used passive harmonic wave management method so far.Passive filter is claimed the LC filter again, is the filter circuit that utilizes the Combination Design of inductance, electric capacity and resistance to constitute, but filtering once or multiple harmonic.In the present embodiment mainly in order to filter the high fdrequency component of the secondary outlet side of transformer (T1), obtain one with input with frequently, the sinusoidal signal of homophase.Corresponding cut-off frequency computing formula is: fs=1/ (2 π LC). this formula shows that LC is determining cut-off frequency.Therefore, the numerical value of appropriate change LC just can change the cut-off frequency of filter.Waveform through filtered voltage VO is shown in figure 21.
The present invention according to top record; Owing to used semiconductor element (N ditch road enhancement mode metal-oxide-semiconductor) to form alternating-current switch, make input ac power be transformed to behind the high frequency through high frequency transformer again through corresponding filter circuit be adjusted into and import with frequently, the waveform of homophase.So have following result:
1. because transformer (T1) is worked under high frequency mode, can the iron core of original traditional Industrial Frequency Transformer be changed into the more magnetic core of small size, and can reduce the secondary number of turns of respective primary, promptly realize miniaturization, the lightness of single unit system.
2. high frequency distortion takes place with input synchronous waveform variation and similar or close with the input waveform in output waveform hardly, i.e. realization is imported and exported with frequency, homophase.
3. compare with traditional Industrial Frequency Transformer, its circuit structure is novel and improved power density.
4. output voltage can be from varying continuously to the maximum of setting voltage near the zero voltage value.
5. carry out corresponding connection with the present invention and can be used for three-phase circuit.
Combined the accompanying drawing specific embodiments of the invention to carry out exemplary description above, obviously the invention is not restricted to this, the various remodeling that carry out within the scope of the present invention all do not exceed protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the Industrial Frequency Transformer of a high frequencyization is characterized in that: at ac input end series connection alternating-current switch (SW1) and transformer (T1).With the frequency action than the high several times of incoming frequency, the power frequency component that is added in thus on the transformer (T1) has just become high-frequency signal by corresponding control signal (PWM) control alternating-current switch (SW1).High frequency transformer (T1) is secondary just can to make output obtain and import the sinusoidal voltage with frequency, homophase through corresponding filter circuit.Just can change output voltage values through the turn ratio that changes transformer (T1) or the duty ratio that changes control signal (PWM).Because the signal that acts on the transformer (T1) is a high-frequency signal, so can traditional appendiron core transformer be changed into the high frequency magnetic core transformer.
2. the Industrial Frequency Transformer of high frequencyization according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: ac input end one end (L) connects the elementary end of transformer (T1); Elementary another termination alternating-current switch (SW1) end of transformer (T1), alternating-current switch (SW1) other end is received the other end (N) of ac input end.
3. the Industrial Frequency Transformer of high frequencyization according to claim 1 is characterized in that: output constitutes low pass filter through inductance (L1), inductance (L1), inductance (C1) and inductance (C2), makes output obtain and import the sine wave with frequency, homophase.
4. the Industrial Frequency Transformer of high frequencyization according to claim 1 is characterized in that: alternating-current switch (SW1) is made up of the enhancement mode metal-oxide-semiconductor of two N raceway grooves, and diode (D1, D2) is the inner body diode of enhancement mode metal-oxide-semiconductor of N raceway groove.The control end grid of two pipes are connected together, the drain electrode of the source electrode of Q1 pipe and Q2 pipe be connected together and with the input of the grid formation alternating-current switch control signal that is connected together.So just, can accomplish between the source electrode that the drain electrode and the Q2 of Q1 pipe manage, to exchange the open and close action.
5. the Industrial Frequency Transformer of high frequencyization according to claim 1 is characterized in that: above-mentioned control unit (PWM) carries out pulse-width modulation (PWM) control to alternating-current switch (SW1).
6. the Industrial Frequency Transformer of high frequencyization according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the interchange output of the Industrial Frequency Transformer of the high frequencyization that claim 1 is recorded and narrated with exchanges input and synthesizes as compound interchange and export.
7. the Industrial Frequency Transformer of high frequencyization according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the Industrial Frequency Transformer with a plurality of high frequencyizatioies of recording and narrating like claim 1 can be used for three-phase and polyphase circuit.
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| CN2010105474398A CN102468765A (en) | 2010-11-17 | 2010-11-17 | High-frequency industrial frequency transformer |
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| CN2010105474398A CN102468765A (en) | 2010-11-17 | 2010-11-17 | High-frequency industrial frequency transformer |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110619991A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2019-12-27 | 特变电工衡阳变压器有限公司 | Test transformer suitable for multifrequency |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1348248A (en) * | 2001-09-10 | 2002-05-08 | 南京航空航天大学 | High-frequency AC/AC converter with AC link |
| CN1794549A (en) * | 2006-01-01 | 2006-06-28 | 福州大学 | Step-up high frequency link A-A transducer |
| CN101150286A (en) * | 2007-04-04 | 2008-03-26 | 南京理工大学 | AC-AC three level AC-AC converter based on positive converter |
-
2010
- 2010-11-17 CN CN2010105474398A patent/CN102468765A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1348248A (en) * | 2001-09-10 | 2002-05-08 | 南京航空航天大学 | High-frequency AC/AC converter with AC link |
| CN1794549A (en) * | 2006-01-01 | 2006-06-28 | 福州大学 | Step-up high frequency link A-A transducer |
| CN101150286A (en) * | 2007-04-04 | 2008-03-26 | 南京理工大学 | AC-AC three level AC-AC converter based on positive converter |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110619991A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2019-12-27 | 特变电工衡阳变压器有限公司 | Test transformer suitable for multifrequency |
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Application publication date: 20120523 |