Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of 1'-tertbutyloxycarbonyl-spiral shell [chroman-4; The 4'-piperidines]-new synthetic method of 2-formic acid; It is long mainly to solve the route that has the synthetic route existence now through a kind of method of rapidly and efficiently introducing hydroxy-acid group; Technical problems such as aftertreatment is complicated, and expensive raw materials, suitability are wideless.
Technical scheme of the present invention: the compound method of 1'-tertbutyloxycarbonyl-spiral shell [chroman-4,4'-piperidines]-2-formic acid may further comprise the steps:
The first step reaction is that raw material obtains spiral shell [chroman-4,4'-piperidines]-2-ketone 2 with the reaction of oxygenant SPC-D in the trifluoroacetic acid solvent with 1'-tertbutyloxycarbonyl-spiral shell [benzindan-4,4'-piperidines]-1-ketone;
The reaction of second step under compound 2 alkaline conditions, generates 1'-tertbutyloxycarbonyl-spiral shell [chroman-4,4'-piperidines]-2-ketone 3 with the tert-Butyl dicarbonate reaction in solvent;
Three-step reaction, compound 3 generate 1'-tertbutyloxycarbonyl-spiral shell [chroman-4,4'-piperidines]-2-alcohol 4 after coldcondition is with reductive agent diisobutyl aluminum hydrogen reduction carbonyl;
Four-step reaction, compound 4 react in the presence of alkalizing agent with acetylation reagent and generate 1'-tertbutyloxycarbonyl-spiral shell [chroman-4,4'-piperidines]-2-acetic ester 5;
The reaction of the 5th step, compound 5 are reacted in the presence of Lewis acid reagent with cyanic acid reagent and are generated 1'-tertbutyloxycarbonyl-spiral shell [chroman-4,4'-piperidines]-2-nitrile 6;
Six-step process, compound 6 generates 1'-tertbutyloxycarbonyl-spiral shell [chroman-4,4'-piperidines]-2-formic acid with the alkalizing agent hydrolysis.
Reaction formula is following:
。
The consumption of the first step reaction SPC-D is counted 1.0~3.0 equivalents with molar weight, and temperature of reaction is room temperature (25~30 ℃); Reaction times is 10~12 hours.
Second step was reflected in the alkalizing agent triethylamine and carries out, and solvent is a kind of in methyl alcohol, ethanol or the methylene dichloride, and tert-Butyl dicarbonate consumption molar weight is 1.0~2.0 equivalents, and temperature of reaction is room temperature (25~30 ℃); Reaction times is 3~4 hours.
The temperature of reaction of three-step reaction is-78~-60 ℃; Reaction times is 3~4 hours.
Four-step reaction carries out in solvent, and solvent is a kind of in methyl alcohol, ethanol or the methylene dichloride; Alkalizing agent is with pyridine or cesium carbonate; Acetylation reagent is with Acetyl Chloride 98Min. or diacetyl oxide; The consumption molar weight of alkalizing agent is 1.0~2.0 equivalents; Temperature of reaction is 20~50 ℃; Reaction times is 6~18 hours.
The 5th step was reflected in the solvent carries out, and solvent is toluene or methylene dichloride; Lewis acid reagent is with tin tetrachloride or titanium tetrachloride; Cyanic acid reagent is with sodium cyanide or the silica-based nitrile of front three; The consumption molar weight of Lewis acid reagent is 0.2~0.5 equivalent; The consumption molar weight of cyanic acid reagent is 1.0~5.0 equivalents; Temperature of reaction is-78~10 ℃; Reaction times is 1~5 hour.
Six-step process carries out in alcohol solvent, and alkalizing agent is an alkali metal hydroxide, and molar weight is 1.0~5.0 equivalents, and temperature of reaction is 50~80 ℃; Reaction times is 3~8 hours.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the invention provides a kind of synthetic route of novelty, can be from starting compound cheap, that be easy to get
1Prepare a kind of important medicine intermediate 1'-tertbutyloxycarbonyl-spiral shell [chroman-4,4'-piperidines]-2-formic acid quickly and easily.This technology is six-step process altogether, and total recovery can reach 18%.
Embodiment
Following instance helps to understand content of the present invention, the present invention includes but is not limited to following related content.
Spiral shell [chroman-4,4'-piperidines]-2-ketone
2Synthetic
Embodiment 1
Instance 1: with 1'-tertbutyloxycarbonyl-spiral shell [benzindan-4,4'-piperidines]-1-ketone
1(160 g, 0.53 mol) is dissolved in 1.5 liters the trifluoroacetic acid, under 0 ℃ of condition, adds SPC-D (500 g, 3.18 mol) in batches.Slowly be warming up to room temperature after adding, react slow S-WAT (500 g, 3.18 mol) the reduction SPC-D that adds after 12 hours.Gained spiral shell [chroman-4,4'-piperidines]-2-ketone
2Solution directly is used for next step reaction;
Instance 2: the reaction times is 10 hours, and all the other are identical with instance 1.
1'-tertbutyloxycarbonyl-spiral shell [chroman-4,4'-piperidines]-2-ketone
3Synthetic
Embodiment 2
Instance 1: in solvent methanol with above-mentioned bullion spiral shell [chroman-4,4'-piperidines]-2-ketone
2The middle triethylamine that adds adds tert-Butyl dicarbonate (136 g, 0.63 mol) again to pH=10; React and add 3L water after 3 hours; With ethyl acetate extraction (500 ml*3), merge organic phase and use saturated common salt water washing, anhydrous sodium sulfate drying again; Concentrated filtrate obtains 1'-tertbutyloxycarbonyl-spiral shell [chroman-4,4'-piperidines]-2-ketone after removing by filter siccative
3(136.1 g, 75%);
Instance 2: solvent is an ethanol, and the reaction times is 4 hours, and all the other are identical with instance 1;
Instance 3: solvent is a methylene dichloride, and the reaction times is 3.5 hours, and all the other are identical with instance 1.
1'-tertbutyloxycarbonyl-spiral shell [chroman-4,4'-piperidines]-2-alcohol
4Synthetic
Embodiment 3
Instance 1: with 1'-tertbutyloxycarbonyl-spiral shell [chroman-4,4'-piperidines]-2-ketone
3(147 g; 0.46 mol) be dissolved in the dry toluene (1.5 L), in this mixture, slowly splash into diisobutyl aluminum hydrogen (696 ml, 0.69 mol) down at-78 ℃; Temperature is controlled at-78 ℃ in the whole dropping process, stirs after 4 hours and will react cancellation with 300 ml methyl alcohol and 300 ml water.With ethyl acetate extraction (500 ml*3), organic phase is used the saturated common salt water washing, and anhydrous sodium sulfate drying removes by filter that concentrated filtrate obtains 1'-tertbutyloxycarbonyl-spiral shell [chroman-4,4'-piperidines]-2-alcohol behind the siccative
4(147 g, 99%);
Instance 2: temperature of reaction is controlled at-60 ℃, and the reaction times is 3.5 hours, and all the other are identical with instance 1;
Instance 3: temperature of reaction is controlled at-70 ℃, and the reaction times is 3 hours, and all the other are identical with instance 1.
1'-tertbutyloxycarbonyl-spiral shell [chroman-4,4'-piperidines]-2-acetic ester
5Synthetic
Embodiment 4
Instance 1: with 1'-tertbutyloxycarbonyl-spiral shell [chroman-4,4'-piperidines]-2-alcohol
4(156 g, 0.40 mol) is dissolved in the anhydrous methylene chloride (1.5 l), adds diacetyl oxide (55.0 g, 0.54 mol), pyridine (77.4 g, 0.58 mol), 4-Dimethylamino pyridine (60.0 g, 0.49 mol).Said mixture washs with 500 ml*3 1N aqueous hydrochloric acids after 6 hours in stirring at room.Organic phase is used the saturated common salt water washing, anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, remove by filter siccative after concentrated filtrate obtain 1'-tertbutyloxycarbonyl-spiral shell [chroman-4,4'-piperidines]-2-acetic ester
5(135 g, 77%);
Instance 2: solvent is a methyl alcohol, and alkalizing agent is used cesium carbonate, and acetylation reagent is used Acetyl Chloride 98Min., 40 ℃ of temperature of reaction, and in 10 hours reaction times, all the other are identical with instance 1;
Instance 3: solvent is an ethanol, 50 ℃ of temperature of reaction, and in 16 hours reaction times, all the other are identical with instance 1.
1'-tertbutyloxycarbonyl-spiral shell [chroman-4,4'-piperidines]-2-nitrile
6Synthetic
Embodiment 5
Instance 1: with 1'-tertbutyloxycarbonyl-spiral shell [chroman-4,4'-piperidines]-2-acetic ester
5(25.0 g; 69.3 mmol) be dissolved in the anhydrous methylene chloride (300 ml), in this mixture, slowly splash into anhydrous stannic chloride (8.98 g down at-78 ℃ with trimethylchloro-silicane cyanogen (20.5 g, 207 mmol); 34.5 mmol), be warming up to 0 ℃ of reaction 1 hour after the dropping.Reaction finishes the back with methyl alcohol (50 ml) and triethylamine (50 ml) cancellation.Revolve the organic solvent in the system dried; With ETHYLE ACETATE (500 ml) and water (100 ml) extraction, organic phase is used saturated common salt water washing, anhydrous sodium sulfate drying; Concentrated filtrate obtains 1'-tertbutyloxycarbonyl-spiral shell [chroman-4,4'-piperidines]-2-nitrile after removing by filter siccative
6(17.4 g, 76.6%);
Instance 2: solvent is a toluene, and Lewis acid reagent is used titanium tetrachloride, and cyanic acid reagent is used sodium cyanide, and the reaction times is 3 hours, and all the other are identical with instance 1.
1'-tertbutyloxycarbonyl-spiral shell [chroman-4,4'-piperidines]-2-formic acid
7Synthetic
Embodiment 6
Instance 1:1'-tertbutyloxycarbonyl-spiral shell [chroman-4,4'-piperidines]-2-nitrile
6(46.2 g, 0.14 mol) is dissolved in the ethanol (600 ml), in this solution, adds 30 ml water and Pottasium Hydroxide (30.0 g, 0.54 mol), is reflected at 80 ℃ and stirs 3 hours.Reaction is revolved the organic solvent in the system dried after finishing; With ETHYLE ACETATE (500 ml) and water (100 ml) extraction; Organic phase is used the saturated common salt water washing; Anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, remove by filter siccative after concentrated filtrate obtain 1'-tertbutyloxycarbonyl-spiral shell [chroman-4,4'-piperidines]-2-formic acid
7(32.0 g, 42.1%);
Instance 2: alkalizing agent is a sodium hydroxide, and temperature of reaction is 50 ℃, and the reaction times is 8 hours, and all the other are identical with instance 1;
Instance 3: alkalizing agent is a Lithium Hydroxide MonoHydrate, and temperature of reaction is 65 ℃, and the reaction times is 5 hours, and all the other are identical with instance 1.