CN102461542B - Hybrid herbicide containing Cinosulfuron, Bispyribac-sodium and butachlor and application of hybrid herbicide - Google Patents
Hybrid herbicide containing Cinosulfuron, Bispyribac-sodium and butachlor and application of hybrid herbicide Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102461542B CN102461542B CN 201010552192 CN201010552192A CN102461542B CN 102461542 B CN102461542 B CN 102461542B CN 201010552192 CN201010552192 CN 201010552192 CN 201010552192 A CN201010552192 A CN 201010552192A CN 102461542 B CN102461542 B CN 102461542B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- butachlor
- cinosulfuron
- mixed herbicide
- herbicide
- mixed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Landscapes
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticide, disclosing a hybrid herbicide containing Cinosulfuron, Bispyribac-sodium and butachlor and an application of the hybrid herbicide. The hybrid herbicide takes the Cinosulfuron, the Bispyribac-sodium and the butachlor as main effective ingredients with the mass ratio of (0.1-80): (0.1-90): (0.1-90). The hybrid herbicide disclosed by the invention has obvious effect when being applied to the paddy field pre-weeding, in particular to preventing and removing of various grass family weeds, cyperaceae weed family weeds and broad leaf family weeds in the paddy field. On the premise of improving pesticide effect, the hybrid herbicide can delay weed resistance, has the advantages of wide weeding spectrum and long effect lasting period if being compared with a single agent and is safe to the paddy and next batch of crop.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of pesticide, relate to a kind of weed killer herbicide, be specifically related to mixed herbicide and the application thereof of a kind of cinosulfuron-containing, two careless ether and butachlor.
Background technology
China is in the world rice cropping country with the longest history, and paddy rice is one of China's staple food crop, and approximately 3,300 ten thousand hectares of cultivated areas account for 29% of plant of grain crops area.
Not weeding of field it is reported that annual national paddy rice all is subject to crop smothering in various degree, if can make the paddy rice underproduction more than 50%.Weeds have the paddy field main harm: barnyard grass, moleplant seed, reed, firefly Lin, Herba Cyperi Glomerati, difformed galingale herb, cyperus iria, miliary fimbristylis herb, pondweed, Eclipta prostrata, wild arrowhead, Monochoria vaginalis etc.The economic loss that causes in order to reduce crop smothering reduces labor intensity, and also because chemical weed control is convenient, quick-acting, the control time is long, chemical weed control is accepted by people gradually simultaneously.
In recent years, along with increasing and the extensive popularization of chemical control technology in agricultural production of weed killer herbicide kind, chemical weed control has been widely used in each period of paddy growth.The choose reasonable weed killer herbicide not only can reduce friend peasant labour intensity, shorten working time, cultivate cost but also can reduce, reach the purpose of volume increase.
Cinosulfuron (Cinosulfuron) has another name called the first cinosulfuron, a kind of sulfonylurea herbicide, formal name used at school 1-(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazines-2-yl)-3-[2-(2-methoxy ethoxy) phenyl sulphonyl] urea, its structural formula is as follows:
Cinosulfuron mainly absorbs by root and stem, is sent to meristematic tissue by conducting tissue, suppresses the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acid (such as serine, isoleucine).Weeds can be not dead immediately after the medication, but stop growing, and plant begins yellow after 5-10 days, withered death.In the paddy rice body, active ingredient can be by urea bridge fracture, after methoxyl group hydrolysis, deamination and the phenyl ring hydrolysis and the sucrose yoke approach such as close, be metabolized at last non-poisonous material, the half life period was 3 days in the paddy rice leaf, so to rice safety less than 1 day half life period in rice root.But because its water-soluble large (3.7g/L water) in the water leaking paddy field, causes poisoning thereby may focus on the rice root district with water to paddy rice.Broadcast annual broadleaf weed and the sedge weeds such as rice field control rhizoma alismatis, nutgrass flatsedge, pondweed, arrowhead, Monochoria vaginalis for dry sowing, water, invalid to barnyard grass and moleplant seed etc.
Two careless ethers (bispyribac-sodium) have another name called the salicylic acid Sulfadiazine Compound, are the pyrimidine Type salicylic acid broad-spectrum herbicides by the exploitation of Japanese combinatorial chemistry company, chemical name: 2, two (4, the 6-SDM base-2-oxygen base) Sodium Benzoates of 6-, its structural formula is as follows:
Two careless ethers are highly active ALS inhibitor, work by the biosynthesis that hinders branched-chain amino acid, mainly use the direct Tanaka of paddy rice, prevent and kill off grassy weed, can prevent and kill off especially the barnyard grass of 1～7 leaf phase, double most of broad leaved weeds, some sedge weeds and the Stam F-34 controlled produces the resistance barnyard grass, and consumption is extremely low, has broad application prospects.
Butachlor (Butachlor) has another name called weed eradication spy, Machete, is the weed killer herbicide by the chloro-acetyl amine of Monsanto Company's exploitation, chemical name: N-(fourth oxygen methyl)-α-chloro-2 ', 6 '-diethyl acetanil.Its structural formula is as follows:
Butachlor is acetamide-group herbicides, mainly absorbs by weeds young shoot and immature secondary root, suppresses the body internal protein and generates, and makes the enlargement of weeds shoot, deformity, finally causes death.Only have a small amount of butachlor to be absorbed by rice seedling, and rapid fully katabolism in vivo, thereby rice seedling has larger drug-resistant capability to it.Butachlor stability in soil is little, and is stable to light, can be decomposed by edaphon, to second stubble crop safety.Be mainly used in transplanting, non-irrigated seedling rice field, effectively anti-divided by the grassy weed of seed germination, annual nutgrass flatsedge and some annual broadleaf weeds such as barnyard grass, moleplant seed, difformed galingale herb, cyperus iria, needle spikesedge herb etc.Monochoria vaginalis, Drilgrass, cusp flower and firefly Lin etc. there are favorable effect, but nearly unavailable to perennial weeds such as water triangular, wild arrowheads.
Herbicide for paddy field is limit by crop safety at present, the herbicide spectrum is also limited, be used alone the weed killer herbicide single dose and can not control completely effectively the generation of paddy field weed, moreover some weed killer herbicide is because water-soluble large or the field lasting period is oversize, consumption is excessive or the inhomogeneous residual hazard that all easily causes this season crop or succession crop of dispenser.
Summary of the invention
The mixed herbicide that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of cinosulfuron-containing, two careless ether and butachlor.
Another object of the present invention provides the application of this weed killer herbicide.
The mixed herbicide of a kind of cinosulfuron-containing, two careless ether and butachlor, this weed killer herbicide is take cinosulfuron, two careless ether and butachlor as main active ingredient, the mass ratio of cinosulfuron and butachlor is 0.1～80: 0.1～90: 0.1～90, and the mass ratio of preferred cinosulfuron and butachlor is 1～70: 1～80: 1～70.
In the described mixed herbicide, cinosulfuron, two careless ether and butachlor three's gross mass percentage composition is 1～90%, and preferred gross mass percentage composition is 10～80%.
In the mixed herbicide of the present invention, except the active ingredients such as cinosulfuron, two careless ether and butachlor, can also add the auxiliary agents such as conventional surfactants, thickener, solvent or solid packing that allow on the pesticidal preparations and be mixed with any one formulation that allows on the agricultural chemicals.Preferably be processed into missible oil, suspension emulsion, aqueous emulsion, water dispersible granules or wetting powder etc.
Mixed herbicide of the present invention can be used in the paddy field postemergence weed control, particularly uses in various grassy weeds, sedge weed or the broad leaved weed to have remarkable result in preventing and kill off paddy field.
Herbicidal composition of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, activity of weeding is high.Herbicidal composition of the present invention can kill weeds by three kinds of different approaches, wherein three kinds of active ingredient pluses and minuses are complementary, three kinds of composite reagents not only can reduce the consumption of single dose greatly, be made into the mixture use according to specific than row, can produce synergistic function, greatly improve the removing activity of weed killer herbicide.
2, herbicidal spectrum is wide, and the lasting period is long.Cinosulfuron is is mainly prevented and treated broad-leaved and sedge weed, and two careless ethers have very strong inhibitory action to grassy weeds such as barnyard grasses, and double most of broad leaved weeds, some sedge weeds controlled, and cinosulfuron and two careless ether can both spread pesticide-clay mixture or spraying.Butachlor is the broad spectrum weeding agent, mainly prevent and treat grass family, sedge family and some annual broadleaf weeds, after the three mixes, action compensating, herbicidal spectrum is wider, and because cinosulfuron, two careless ether all have the front activity of weeding of certain bud with butachlor, especially butachlor to bud before grassy weed special efficacy is arranged, so weed killer herbicide of the present invention has the double action in leaf surface treatment and feud, prolonged the lasting period of medicament.
3, delay Weed Resistance.Because weeds easily produce resistance to sulfonylurea herbicide, and contain the two careless ether of pyrimidyl oxy benzoic acid ester class and the Acetochlor of amide-type in the weed killer herbicide of the present invention, the large using dosage that reduces weed killer herbicide of the utmost point, the generation that has slowed down herbicide resistance has prolonged service life of medicament.
4, safe.Herbicidal composition of the present invention is applied to the front weeding of paddy field bud, and it can prevent and kill off various grass family, sedge family and broad leaved weed in the paddy field, under the prerequisite that has improved drug effect, paddy rice and succession crop is all had safety.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Cinosulfuron 1%, two careless ethers 10%, butachlor 49%, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene 4%, polyoxyethylene polyoxy third rare block compound 5%, xanthans 2%, vegetable oil to 100%, being mixed with the quality percentage composition according to the formulation method of routine is 60% missible oil.
Embodiment 2
Cinosulfuron 5%, two careless ethers 12%, butachlor 13%, NNO 6%, sodium lignin sulfonate 4%, calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate 6%, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene 5%, xanthans 0.15, toluene supplies 100%, and being mixed with the quality percentage composition according to the formulation method of routine is 30% suspension emulsion.
Embodiment 3
Cinosulfuron 15%, two careless ethers 5%, butachlor 60%, sodium lignin sulfonate 7%, neopelex 5%, ammonium sulfate 5%, diatomite supplies 100%, and being mixed with the quality percentage composition according to the formulation method of routine is 80% water dispersible granules.
Embodiment 4
Cinosulfuron 4%, two careless ethers 60%, butachlor 1%, NNO (di-2-ethylhexylphosphine oxide bitter edible plant sodium sulfonate) 3%, sodium lignin sulfonate 2%, white carbon 4%, kaolin supplies 100%, and being mixed with the quality percentage composition according to the formulation method of routine is 65% wetting powder.
Embodiment 5
Cinosulfuron 70%, two careless ethers 1%, butachlor 4%, NNO (di-2-ethylhexylphosphine oxide bitter edible plant sodium sulfonate) 6%, sodium lignin sulfonate 4%, white carbon 9%, kaolin supplies 100%, and being mixed with the quality percentage composition according to the formulation method of routine is 75% wetting powder.
Embodiment 6
Cinosulfuron 4%, two careless ethers 5%, butachlor 1%, dimethylbenzene 10%, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene 5%, castor oil polyoxyethylene ether 3%, ethylene glycol 5%, xanthans 2%, water complements to 100%, and being mixed with the quality percentage composition according to the formulation method of routine is 10% aqueous emulsion
Embodiment 7
1), toxicity determination test
Utilize the preparation among the embodiment 1～4, measure it to the co-toxicity coefficient of paddy field common weed Monochoria vaginalis.
Test method: the seed of quantitative Monochoria vaginalis is seeded in respectively in the Disposable paper cup of 9cm, sows 10～15 seeds in every glass, in illumination box, cultivate, treat dayflower 3～6 leaves during the phase, do the composition spray processing of spraying in crawler type.Continue in the greenhouse after processing to cultivate, each processes preventive effect to weeds routine observation, and each weeds fresh weight after processing of weighing behind the 30d is pressed the method for the nineteen sixty propositions such as Sun Yunpei, calculates its toxicity regression curve and co-toxicity coefficient.Co-toxicity coefficient shows that greater than 100 two kinds of active principles have synergistic effect, and co-toxicity coefficient shows that less than 100 two kinds of active principles have antagonism.Measurement result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 toxicity measurement result
As can be seen from the above table, the co-toxicity coefficient after two kinds of active principles are composite illustrates that all greater than 100 the present invention has obvious synergistic effect.
2), field control effectiveness test
Reagent agent:
Ternary built weed killer herbicide among among the embodiment 1～4 4.
The contrast medicament:
20% cinosulfuron water dispersible granules (commercially available), 20% pair of careless ether wetting powder (commercially available), 60% butachlor ec (commercially available).
For studying thing: paddy rice
Rice seedlings was 3～5 leaf phases, grew fine, and robust plant is without other damage by disease and insect.
Prevent and kill off object:
Barnyard grass, moleplant seed, difformed galingale herb, cyperus iria, Monochoria vaginalis, water three-coloured amaranth, etc. paddy field advantage weeds.
Test method:
According to the area of experimental plot, the accurate good various medicaments of weighing, and after being watered dilution, utilize knapsack sprayer, carry out even spraying, the Fan spray head of sprinkler selection weed killer herbicide special use.During spraying, note liquid is evenly sprayed application in the experimental plot phenomenon of accomplishing there is not drain spray, spraying more.
After the test respectively behind medicine 20d, 40d observe the weeds death condition, and the activity of weeding of more various medicaments the results are shown in Table 2 and table 3.In addition, also to behind medicine, observe the condition of production of crop in 1～15d, to investigate medicament whether crop be had poisoning, the results are shown in Table 4.
Table 2 field control effectiveness test result (20d behind the medicine)
Table 3 field control effectiveness test result (40d behind the medicine)
Consumption in table 2 and the table 3 all refers to the consumption of active ingredient in each preparation.Can find out from table 2 and table 3, the present invention has significant preventive effect to grassy weed, broad leaved weed and sedge weed, and synergy is remarkable, and the lasting period is long.
Table 4 medicament is to the security survey result of crop
Each is processed, and the rice is doing well in the residential quarter, has no any medicine spot, illustrates that various medicaments are to the equal safety of paddy rice.
Claims (12)
1. the mixed herbicide of a cinosulfuron-containing, two careless ether and butachlor, it is characterized in that described mixed herbicide is take cinosulfuron, two careless ether and butachlor as main active ingredient, by the following method preparation: cinosulfuron 1%, two careless ethers 10%, butachlor 49%, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene 4%, polyoxyethylene polyoxy third rare block compound 5%, xanthans 2%, vegetable oil to 100%, being mixed with the quality percentage composition according to the formulation method of routine is 60% missible oil.
2. the mixed herbicide of a cinosulfuron-containing, two careless ether and butachlor, it is characterized in that described mixed herbicide is take cinosulfuron, two careless ether and butachlor as main active ingredient, by the following method preparation: cinosulfuron 5%, two careless ethers 12%, butachlor 13%, di-2-ethylhexylphosphine oxide bitter edible plant sodium sulfonate 6%, sodium lignin sulfonate 4%, calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate 6%, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene 5%, xanthans 0.15, toluene supplies 100%, and being mixed with the quality percentage composition according to the formulation method of routine is 30% suspension emulsion.
3. the mixed herbicide of a cinosulfuron-containing, two careless ether and butachlor, it is characterized in that described mixed herbicide is take cinosulfuron, two careless ether and butachlor as main active ingredient, by the following method preparation: cinosulfuron 15%, two careless ethers 5%, butachlor 60%, sodium lignin sulfonate 7%, neopelex 5%, ammonium sulfate 5%, diatomite supplies 100%, and being mixed with the quality percentage composition according to the formulation method of routine is 80% water dispersible granules.
4. the mixed herbicide of a cinosulfuron-containing, two careless ether and butachlor, it is characterized in that described mixed herbicide is take cinosulfuron, two careless ether and butachlor as main active ingredient, by the following method preparation: cinosulfuron 4%, two careless ethers 60%, butachlor 1%, di-2-ethylhexylphosphine oxide bitter edible plant sodium sulfonate 3%, sodium lignin sulfonate 2%, white carbon 4%, kaolin supplies 100%, and being mixed with the quality percentage composition according to the formulation method of routine is 65% wetting powder.
5. mixed herbicide claimed in claim 1 application in the weeding before the paddy field bud.
6. mixed herbicide claimed in claim 2 application in the weeding before the paddy field bud.
7. mixed herbicide claimed in claim 3 application in the weeding before the paddy field bud.
8. mixed herbicide claimed in claim 4 application in the weeding before the paddy field bud.
9. mixed herbicide claimed in claim 1 application in various grassy weeds, sedge weed or the broad leaved weed in preventing and kill off paddy field.
10. mixed herbicide claimed in claim 2 application in various grassy weeds, sedge weed or the broad leaved weed in preventing and kill off paddy field.
11. mixed herbicide claimed in claim 3 is the application in various grassy weeds, sedge weed or the broad leaved weed in preventing and kill off paddy field.
12. mixed herbicide claimed in claim 4 is the application in various grassy weeds, sedge weed or the broad leaved weed in preventing and kill off paddy field.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201010552192 CN102461542B (en) | 2010-11-19 | 2010-11-19 | Hybrid herbicide containing Cinosulfuron, Bispyribac-sodium and butachlor and application of hybrid herbicide |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201010552192 CN102461542B (en) | 2010-11-19 | 2010-11-19 | Hybrid herbicide containing Cinosulfuron, Bispyribac-sodium and butachlor and application of hybrid herbicide |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102461542A CN102461542A (en) | 2012-05-23 |
| CN102461542B true CN102461542B (en) | 2013-09-18 |
Family
ID=46065890
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201010552192 Active CN102461542B (en) | 2010-11-19 | 2010-11-19 | Hybrid herbicide containing Cinosulfuron, Bispyribac-sodium and butachlor and application of hybrid herbicide |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102461542B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BR112017015519B1 (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2021-09-14 | Hicap Formulations (Hong Kong) Ltd | HERBICIDAL COMPOSITION FOR RICE, SYNERGIC HERBICIDAL COMPOSITION, AND, WEED CONTROL METHOD IN RICE FIELDS |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001024633A2 (en) * | 1999-10-06 | 2001-04-12 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Selective herbicides based on pyrimidine-derivatives |
| CN1314785A (en) * | 1998-07-16 | 2001-09-26 | 阿温提斯作物科学有限公司 | Herbicides with substituted phenyl sulfonylureas for controlling weeds in rice field |
| JP2005239635A (en) * | 2004-02-26 | 2005-09-08 | Nissan Chem Ind Ltd | Weeding method in paddy rice cultivation by direct sowing on dry rice field |
| CN101401569A (en) * | 2008-11-13 | 2009-04-08 | 长沙矿冶研究院 | Environment-friendly floating agrochemical preparation for paddy field and preparation method thereof |
-
2010
- 2010-11-19 CN CN 201010552192 patent/CN102461542B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1314785A (en) * | 1998-07-16 | 2001-09-26 | 阿温提斯作物科学有限公司 | Herbicides with substituted phenyl sulfonylureas for controlling weeds in rice field |
| WO2001024633A2 (en) * | 1999-10-06 | 2001-04-12 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Selective herbicides based on pyrimidine-derivatives |
| JP2005239635A (en) * | 2004-02-26 | 2005-09-08 | Nissan Chem Ind Ltd | Weeding method in paddy rice cultivation by direct sowing on dry rice field |
| CN101401569A (en) * | 2008-11-13 | 2009-04-08 | 长沙矿冶研究院 | Environment-friendly floating agrochemical preparation for paddy field and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102461542A (en) | 2012-05-23 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102461547B (en) | Hybrid herbicide containing Cinosulfuron, Bispyribac-sodium and cinmethylin and application of hybrid herbicide | |
| CN102461531B (en) | Mixed herbicide containing cinosulfuron, bispyribac-sodium and cyhalofop-butyl and application thereof | |
| CN102461549B (en) | Hybrid herbicide containing Cinosulfuron, Quinclorac and cyhalofop-butyl and application of hybrid herbicide | |
| CN102461541B (en) | Hybrid herbicide containing Cinosulfuron, molinate and cinmethylin and application of the hybrid herbicide | |
| CN102461544B (en) | Hybrid herbicide containing Cinosulfuron, bentazone and Bispyribac-sodium and application of hybrid herbicide | |
| CN102461550B (en) | Mixed herbicide containing cinosulfuron, butachlor and cinmethylin and application thereof | |
| CN102461533B (en) | Mixed herbicide containing cinosulfuron, quinclorac and bensulfuron methyl and application thereof | |
| CN103039486B (en) | Mixed herbicide containing cinosulfuron and cinmethylin and application thereof | |
| CN102461542B (en) | Hybrid herbicide containing Cinosulfuron, Bispyribac-sodium and butachlor and application of hybrid herbicide | |
| CN102461559B (en) | Mixed herbicide containing cinosulfuron, bispyribac and aniloguard and application thereof | |
| CN102461538B (en) | Application of hybrid herbicide containing Cinosulfuron, cyhalofop-butyl and butachlor | |
| CN102461539B (en) | hybrid herbicide containing Cinosulfuron, acetochlor and Bispyribac-sodium and application of hybrid herbicide | |
| CN103039482A (en) | Mixed herbicide containing cinosulfuron and propanil and application thereof | |
| CN102461540B (en) | Mixed herbicide containing cinosulfuron,cyhalofop-butyl and pendimethalin and application thereof | |
| CN102461530B (en) | Mixed herbicide containing cinosulfuron, bensulfuron-methyl and pendimethalin and application thereof | |
| CN102461534B (en) | Hybrid herbicide containing Cinosulfuron, cyhalofop-butyl and Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl and application of hybrid herbicide | |
| CN102461548B (en) | Mixed herbicide containing cinosulfuron, bispyribac-sodium and molinate and application thereof | |
| CN102461552B (en) | Hybrid herbicide containing Cinosulfuron, Bispyribac-sodium and Pendimethalin and application of hybrid herbicide | |
| CN102461551B (en) | Mixed herbicide containing cinosulfuron, bispyribac and fenoxaprop-p-ethyl and application thereof | |
| CN102461532B (en) | Mixed herbicide containing cinosulfuron, bensulfuron-methyl and bispyribac-sodium and application thereof | |
| CN102461553B (en) | Mixed herbicide containing cinosulfuron, metolachlor and bispyribac and application thereof | |
| CN102461535B (en) | Hybrid herbicide containing Cinosulfuron, bentazone and cyhalofop-butyl and application thereof | |
| CN103039479A (en) | Mixed herbicide containing cinosulfuron and molinate and application thereof | |
| CN102461555B (en) | Mixed herbicide containing cinosulfuron, cyhalofop-butyl and molinate and application thereof | |
| CN103039483A (en) | Mixed herbicide containing cinosulfuron and bispyribac-sodium and application thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |