CN102454547A - Speed reducer for wind power generation equipment - Google Patents
Speed reducer for wind power generation equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN102454547A CN102454547A CN2011103258632A CN201110325863A CN102454547A CN 102454547 A CN102454547 A CN 102454547A CN 2011103258632 A CN2011103258632 A CN 2011103258632A CN 201110325863 A CN201110325863 A CN 201110325863A CN 102454547 A CN102454547 A CN 102454547A
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- speed reducer
- wind power
- power plant
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- specific change
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The invention provides a speed reducer (G1) for wind power generation equipment, which comprises an output small gear without the need of a special sliding articulator, while the entire device can be protected at a low cost. The speed reducer comprises the output shaft (84) of a power transmission part and the connection part (specific part) of the output small gear. The output shaft (84) and the connection part are connected together through being pressed and are served as a fragile part. A detection mechanism is provided for detecting the specific changes (relative sliding) of the fragile part. The upper part of the speed reducer (G1) is provided with an output shaft indicating disc (86A) and a small gear indicating disc (88A).
Description
Technical field
The application advocates the preference based on the Japanese patent application of on October 27th, 2010 application 2010-241326 number.The full content of its application is applied in this specification through reference.
The invention particularly relates to a kind of speed reducer that is used in wind power plant.
Background technique
Disclose the speed reducer that is used in wind power plant in the patent documentation 1.Control as wind power plant; Driftage control with respect to the direction (rotation) in the horizontal plane of wind control nacelle (power compartment) is arranged; Perhaps with respect to the pitch control of the direction (inclinations) of wind control air vane etc., but all can be through the speed reducer realization by motor driven.
Because wind power plant is installed under the physical environment, therefore can run into blast or strong wind once in a while sometimes.If this high wind puts on wind power plant; Then can present the state that applies huge load from outlet side to each speed reducer; Demonstrate the tendency that original output shaft becomes the speeder of input shaft, cause each interior parts of speed reducer or motor etc. to present the state that rotates by the strong hand with too fast rotating speed.
Disclose the technology that prevents the drive system overload in this patent documentation 1, when the wind load more than the outlet side input setting value of speed reducer, this technology makes slip coupling work and interdicts the transmission of power of drive system.
Patent documentation 1:US2007-0098549A1 (claim 1, paragraph [0015])
For the slip coupling in the above-mentioned patent documentation 1, must when original transmission of power, not work on its function, and when input can make the excessive input of speed reducer desire damage, start working, and it is extensive to have on the torque capacity become.However; In the above-mentioned patent documentation 1; Because this slip coupling is arranged with the parts branch of undertaking the original transmission of power of drive system, therefore exist the whole cost of wind power plant to increase the amount of setting up slip coupling, the problem that the assembly number of packages also increases and so on.
Summary of the invention
The present invention accomplishes in order to solve this problem in the past, and its problem is to provide a kind of special-purpose slip coupling and can be with the more low-cost speed reducer that is used in wind power plant of protecting whole device effectively of need not to set up.
The present invention solves above-mentioned problem through following mode; A kind of speed reducer of output pinion that possesses with the gear engagement that is arranged at the wind power plant side; Wherein, In the parts of the transmission of power that helps this speed reducer; The privileged site of the linking department of axle, reducing gear portion, bearing, shell or said output pinion or these parts is made as the frangible portion of comparing easy generation specific change with other positions, and, possess and be used to detect the feeler mechanism that said specific change takes place in this frangible portion.
In the present invention, in the original power-transmission system of speed reducer, painstakingly form the frangible portion of comparing easy generation specific change with other positions, on this basis, possess and be used to detect feeler mechanism in this frangible portion generation specific change.Thus, according to the present invention, need not to prepare to be used to protect the special-purpose slip coupling of speed reducer, and can protect speed reducer itself effectively.
And; As after state, for example through to can frangible portion destroy fully before prior detected specific change detect, then (shown in patent documentation 1; Slip coupling work and) before the whole speed reducer state that can't move, also can suitably safeguard speed reducer.This effect can become great advantage on the running management of reality.
In addition, can become " frangible portion " in the present invention, be the privileged site of " helping in the parts of transmission of power of speed reducer the linking department of axle, reducing gear portion, bearing, shell or output pinion or these parts ".
The invention effect
According to the present invention, need not to set up special-purpose slip coupling, and can protect whole device effectively with low cost more for the protection speed reducer.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the global sections figure of the related speed reducer that is used in wind power plant of an example of mode of execution of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of using the wind power plant of above-mentioned speed reducer.
Fig. 3 is illustrated in the stereogram that is assembled with the state of above-mentioned speed reducer in the nacelle of above-mentioned wind power plant.
Fig. 4 is the major component sectional view of structure of the deviation drive device of the above-mentioned wind power plant of expression.
Fig. 5 is the sectional view along the arrow V-V line of Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 (A) is the global sections figure of the related speed reducer that is used in wind power plant of an example of another embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 6 (B) is the worm's eye view of the related speed reducer that is used in wind power plant of an example of other mode of executions of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the related speed reducer global sections figure that is used in wind power plant of an example of another embodiment of the invention, and the amplification sectional view that has the part of said speed reducer among this figure.
Among the figure: 10-wind power plant, 11-cylinder pillar, 12-nacelle (power compartment), 14-deviation drive device, 16-pitch drive unit, 18-nose cone, 20-air vane, 22-motor, 24-output pinion, 84-output shaft.
Embodiment
Below, to mode of execution of the present invention one the example related power transmitting deice be elaborated.
At first, the summary from the wind power plant of using this power transmitting deice describes.
With reference to figure 2 and Fig. 3, this wind power plant 10 possesses nacelle (power compartment) 12 at the topmost part of cylinder pillar 11.Be assembled with driftage (Yaw) drive unit 14 and pitch (Pitch) drive unit 16 on the nacelle 12.Deviation drive device 14 is for being used to control the device of nacelle 12 integral body with respect to the angle of revolution of cylinder pillar 11, and pitch drive unit 16 is the device that is used to control the angle of pitch of 3 air vanes 20 that are installed on nose cone 18.
In this mode of execution,, therefore deviation drive device 14 is described at this owing in deviation drive device 14, used the present invention.
This deviation drive device 14 possess 4 speed reducer G1～G4 that have motor 22 and an output pinion 24, and 1 revolution with each output pinion 24 engagements with internal gear 28 (turning round uses internal gear 28 also to be external gear sometimes).Each speed reducer G1～G4 is individually fixed in the precalculated position of the main body side of nacelle 12.With reference to figure 4, the revolution that each output pinion 24 of each speed reducer G1～G4 is meshed is fixed in cylinder pillar 11 sides with internal gear 28 in the lump, constitutes the inner ring of driftage bearing 30.The outer ring 30A of driftage bearing 30 is fixed in the main body 12A side of nacelle 12.
According to this structure, if through the motor 22 of each speed reducer G1～G4 each output pinion 24 is rotated simultaneously, then this output pinion 24 revolves round the sun with respect to the center 36 (with reference to figure 3) of internal gear 28 with internal gear 28 engagements on one side on one side.Its result can make nacelle 12 integral body around 36 revolutions of the center of the internal gear that is fixed in cylinder pillar 11 28.Thus, can make nose cone 18 towards desirable direction (direction of for example facining the wind), and can bear blast effectively.
Because said speed reducer G1～G4 has identical structure respectively, therefore speed reducer G1 is described at this.
With reference to figure 1, speed reducer G1 disposes motor 22, orthogonal gear mechanism 40, parallel axes reducing gear 42 and final stage reducing gear 44 successively on power transfer path.
Order on the power transfer path below is described.The input shaft of the motor drive shaft 50 double as orthogonal gear mechanisms 40 of motor 22 is formed with hypoid small gear 52 in the end vertical cut formula of the load side of the motor drive shaft 50 of motor 22.In addition, possessing in the end of the load opposition side of this motor drive shaft 50 has braking device 49 and cooling fan 51, and the fan guard 53 that this cooling fan 51 is installed in motor case covers.As after state, let people recognize the effect of this rolling contact fatigue and so on like a cork thereby this structure further increases operation sound or vibration when having drive system in speed reducer G1 to produce situation such as rolling contact fatigue.
Directly be formed with the spur pinion 58 of parallel axes reducing gear 42 on the jack shaft 56.Parallel axes reducing gear 42 possesses the spur wheel 60 that this spur pinion 58 is arranged and mesh with this spur pinion 58.Spur wheel 60 is fixed on hollow shaft (output shaft of parallel axes reducing gear 42) 62 through key 61.Hollow shaft 62 links through the input shaft 72 of spline 64 with final stage reducing gear 44.
In the lump with reference to figure 5, final stage reducing gear 44 possess 2 eccentric bodies 74 this input shaft 72 being arranged, be arranged at this input shaft 72 integratedly, 2 external gears 76 through these eccentric body 74 eccentric swings, and in be engaged with the internal gear 78 of this external gear 76.2 external gear 76 its eccentric phase places just in time depart from 180 degree, while guarantee that along the direction that is separated from each other eccentric state swings rotation.Internal gear 78 is integrated with frame 48A.The internal tooth of internal gear 78 is made up of columniform export trade 78A respectively.The interior number of teeth of internal gear 78 (quantity of export trade 78A) is slightly more than the outer number of teeth of external gear 76 (in this example only many 1).Leaving on the external gear 76 chimericly with gap has sold inside the country 80.Sold inside the country 80 is integrated with output flange 82, and this output flange 82 is integrated with the output shaft 84 of speed reducer G1.
In this mode of execution; Become following structure; Promptly because internal gear 78 is integrated with frame 48A; Therefore if input shaft 72 rotations of final stage reducing gear 44, then external gear 76 is through eccentric body 74 swings, this external gear 76 with respect to the relative rotation (rotation) of internal gear 78 through sold inside the country 80 and output flange 82 take out from output shaft 84.And become following structure, promptly linking on the output shaft 84 has above-mentioned output pinion 24, and this output pinion 24 meshes with internal gear 28 (Fig. 3, Fig. 4) with the revolution of having explained.
At this, output pinion 24 be " should one rotate 2 parts " with output shaft 84.Therefore, usually, output pinion 24 links through key or spline with output shaft 84.But in this mode of execution, both 24,84 painstakingly link through " being pressed into " mode.That is, in this mode of execution, the Z1 of the portion that is pressed into (linking department) between output pinion 24 and the output shaft 84 is equivalent to painstakingly be set as " privileged site " of frangible portion.In addition,, be not limited to be pressed into mode, also can be other interference fit, for example shrink fit in order to make linking department Z1 performance as the identical effect of frangible portion.
In addition, in this mode of execution, the face that is pressed into of this output shaft 84 form vertically many in a circumferential direction (with ring-type) around the groove 84A of a circle, and, adopt the bonding of Bond simultaneously.Test according to the inventor; Can confirm; Especially at the same time used the formation of this groove 84A and bonding being pressed in the mode of Bond, also can to guarantee to link torque roughly the same with the binding torque before slide relative takes place once more in this excessive torque back that disappears because of (being caused by wind-force) excessive torque in the portion of being pressed into slide relative takes place even can the mode of being pressed into be designed to.
Owing to be not known structure, therefore this point is elaborated slightly, said Bond is uniformly coated on the periphery of the Z1 of the portion that is pressed into that comprises groove 84A, and the Bond of landing is filled in this groove 84A and has no the gap when being pressed into output pinion 24.As Bond, be used to prevent the commercially available Bonds such as thread looseness (for example Henkel Japan Co., Ltd. makes, trade name: Loctite242, Bonds such as 243) of shake unit in this mode of execution.
In inventor's test, can reality confirm following content: through this structure; Output shaft 84 and output pinion 24 with the chimeric basis of the mode that is pressed into (interference fit) on, can when the excessive torque that applies above predetermined value, produce the state that slides and when this excessive torque disappears, can between output shaft 84 and output pinion 24, return to the torque that can transmit said predetermined value once more.And; Can also confirm, can skid off threshold value with surface roughness, the bonding strength of Bond, the hardness changes such as (or elasticity coefficient) of exterior portions through degree, quantity, axial width, axially spaced-apart and the degree of depth of groove 84A, the groove 84A of change interference fit.
The mechanism of this recovery may not be necessarily obvious; But can consider its reason perhaps be because; For output pinion 24, output shaft 84 and Bond this, can be in the scope of elastically deformable to its boundary of exerting pressure and can carry out the stress of transmission of torque to produce.Generally speaking; Can infer following mechanism: i) 3 connecting part produce only stop " stress " of input torque during; Can carry out " transmission " of this torque; And ii) if input torque becomes big and surpasses the stress that can in the connecting part, produce; Then can't transmit its above torque and " slips " takes place, but iii) as long as in the scope of output pinion 24 and the resiliently deformable of distortion in this linking department of the actual generation of linking department institute of output shaft 84 (needing only the not rank of plastic deformation), just can when excessive torque disappears, revert to transmission of torque state originally this moment.In a word, can realize when excessive torque disappears, to revert to the binding that is pressed into of originally transmission of torque state really.
Get back to the explanation of the structure of mode of execution.
In this mode of execution, the input shaft 72 and the output shaft 84 of the hollow shaft 62 of parallel axes reducing gear 42, final stage reducing gear 44 are coaxial quill shaft, and the outer tube 86 of hollow runs through its hollow portion separately.Output shaft 84 is integrated through bolt 85 and thin plate 83, and outer tube 86 is along the circumferential direction integrated with this thin plate 83 through spline 83A.According to this structure, outer tube 86 is passed to the output shaft indicator panel 86A that is fixed in these outer tube 86 tops with " rotation of output shaft 84 ", can observe from the top of speed reducer G1.
According to this structure, interior axle 88 is passed to the small gear indicator panel 88A that is fixed in axle 88 tops in this with " rotation of output pinion 24 ", can observe from the top of speed reducer G1.In addition, the output opposition side end of hollow shaft 62 is provided with cover body 90.
Output shaft indicator panel 86A and small gear indicator panel 88A are coaxial, and the diameter of output shaft indicator panel 86A is big slightly.Depict across " continued labelling " on both at each indicator panel 86A, 88A upper edge radial direction.Therefore, if relative slip takes place, then can clearly observe the appearance of continuity disconnection of this each indicator panel 86A, 88A " continued labelling " between output shaft 84 and output pinion 24.
Promptly; In this mode of execution, adopt following structure: through observe or detect the output shaft 84 that constitutes frangible portion and the slide relative (specific change) of the Z1 of the portion that is pressed into (privileged site) between the output pinion 24 as departing from of the output shaft indicator panel 86A of feeler mechanism and small gear indicator panel 88A " continued labelling ".
Then, the effect to this speed reducer describes.
The rotating tee of the motor drive shaft 50 of motor 22 is crossed the engagement of hypoid small gear 52 and hypoid gear 54 of orthogonal gear mechanism 40 by elementary deceleration, and 90 degree of the direction of running shaft change simultaneously also are passed to the jack shaft 56 of parallel axes reducing gear 42.
The engagement that the rotating tee of jack shaft 56 is crossed spur pinion 58 and spur wheel 60 is slowed down, and is passed to hollow shaft (output shaft of parallel axes reducing gear 42) 62 through key 61.The rotating tee of hollow shaft 62 is crossed the input shaft 72 that spline 64 is passed to final stage reducing gear 44.
If 72 rotations of the input shaft of final stage reducing gear 44, then external gear 76 is through swingingly rotation of eccentric body 74 (in be connected to internal gear 78 time), therefore produces and the phenomenon that departs from successively the engaging position of internal gear 78.Its result, the input shaft 72 of final stage reducing gear 44 whenever revolves and turns around, and external gear can the one swing, and phase place (is in stationary state) relatively, and internal gear 78 departs from (producing the rotation composition) by the amount of 1 tooth respectively.Go out this rotation composition through sold inside the country 80, output flange 82 at output shaft 84 side-draws, can realize the deceleration in the final stage reducing gear 44 thus.The rotation of output shaft 84 can be passed to output pinion 24 through being pressed into the Z1 of portion.Because internal gear 28 engagements of output pinion 24 and revolution usefulness, and this internal gear 28 is fixed in cylinder pillar 11 sides, so nacelle 12 itself rotates with respect to these cylinder pillar 11 along continuous straight runs through reaction as a result.
At this, suppose that the output pinion 24 sides input that drives the speed reducer G1 of usefulness from driftage desires to make nacelle 12 rotating great torque because of strong wind etc. acts on air vane 20.This huge " external load " drives the final stage reducing gear 44 of this speed reducer G1 from opposition side, and makes output shaft 84 rotations.If this rotating torques is below predetermined value; Then can be in the Z1 of the portion that the is pressed into generation slide relative of output pinion 24 with output shaft 84; Torque directly further is passed to parallel axes reducing gear 42 sides of speed reducer G1, and the braking device 49 that is attached to motor 22 at last stops.Its result is because of the activity of wind-induced nacelle 12 is braked reliably.At this moment, do not produce in each one of speed reducer G1 special unusual.
But, if from the torque of output pinion 24 sides input, then between output pinion 24 and output shaft 84, promptly last slip of the Z1 of the portion that is pressed into (frangible portion) as privileged site above predetermined value.Therefore, can keep out of the way a part herein from the excessive torque of output pinion 24 sides.Therefore, (although nacelle 12 more or less horizontally rotates with the wind) can prevent motor 22 or gear mechanism breakage etc.And, although slide, brake through pre-determined torque to braking device 49 sides that are passed to motor 22 at the portion Z1 of being pressed into, can be imparted to nacelle 12 with being scheduled to braking force.
In this mode of execution; With the Z1 of the portion that is pressed into of output pinion 24 the binding torque is restored owing to set the output shaft 84 that constitutes frangible portion (privileged site), so each one of speed reducer G1 can directly proceed original running with the state that is not destroyed.
On this basis, the maintenance staff can learn between output shaft 84 and the output pinion 24 whether slide relative has taken place through observing " whether the output shaft indicator panel 86A on speed reducer G1 top and small gear indicator panel 88A ' continued labelling ' produces and depart from ".When generation departs from, can carry out more thoughtful maintenance, when needing, can also change impaired processing such as parts in advance.
Especially the related deviation drive device 14 of this mode of execution constitutes through 4 speed reducer G1～G4 and comes driving rotational with internal gear 28; And when during with the load excessive of internal gear 28 sides, bearing this load through these 4 speed reducer G1～G4 because of wind-force applies from revolution.Therefore, for example as if one of them breakage, then can only be by all torques of remaining 3 burdens, therefore if ignore a breakage, then 4 speed reducer G1～G4 of result might be all damaged by chainly.But in this mode of execution, the at first impaired speed reducer (any among G1～G4) that slide relative takes place greatly can carry out prior processing such as unit replacement before complete breakage, so can this chain breakage be prevented trouble before it happens.And, just in case, even after 1 initial speed reducer reaches complete quickly damaged degree, also can before remaining 3 chain breakages, carry out the processing such as exchange of this 1 speed reducer earlier.
The speed reducer G1 related according to this mode of execution, owing to need not further to be provided with slip coupling, so cost is low.And, electrification sensor etc. in feeler mechanism not, though therefore control system because of thunder or the harsh weather state of easy impaired that kind such as immersion under also can carry out the higher observation of reliability (detection).
Can consider various changes among the present invention.
For example; In mode of execution before; Adopted through the structure that departs from the slide relative (specific change) of observing or detect the Z1 of the portion that is pressed into that constitutes frangible portion (privileged site) as the output shaft indicator panel 86A of feeler mechanism and small gear indicator panel 88A " continued labelling "; But in mode of execution shown in Figure 6; Between the lower surface that the limit switch 93 that will (constitute feeler mechanism) on its structure is disposed at output shaft 84 and the lower surface of output pinion 24, can electric power detect the slide relative of this output shaft 84 and output pinion 24.
In addition, in this mode of execution, though there is not indicator panel, cover body 95 is transparent, can observe end face 86D, the 88D of outer tube 86 and interior axle 88 from the top of speed reducer G1.Therefore, through both end face 86D, 88D describes " continued labelling " at this, can come in 93 minutes with limit switch and be pressed into the slide relative of the Z1 of portion from the upper detection of speed reducer G11.
According to this mode of execution,, can detect " specific change " more reliably through lighting warning light.And, when so detecting the specific change of privileged site through sensor mechanism, can also with the information of the specific change of this privileged site send (contact) to geographical upward away from caretaker room of wind power plant.At this moment, can be more during level ground safeguard accurately, and can further prevent damaged processing reliably in advance.In addition, other structures are identical with before mode of execution, therefore among the figure to the additional same-sign in position identical on same position or the function, omit repeat specification.And, also can possess the function of reception from the signal of caretaker room.At this moment, for example, can receive from caretaker room and be used to judge that the threshold value that specific change takes place sets, and can after bringing into use, take to change the countermeasures such as setting of threshold value.
In above-mentioned 2 mode of executions, with coming " fragilityization " as privileged site between output shaft 84 and the output pinion 24, but the position of fragilityization is not limited to this position.For example, as shown in Figure 7, also can with before mode of execution in hollow shaft 62 be made as and be pressed into hollow shaft 100, the input shaft 72 of final stage reducing gear 44 is made as and is pressed into input shaft 102, is pressed into the Z2 of portion's (frangible portion) and replaces spline 64 thereby constitute.The basic structure that is pressed into the Z2 of portion with before mode of execution in output shaft 84 identical with the Z1 of the portion that is pressed between the output pinion 24.That is, as in the circle of Fig. 7, amplifying diagram, the periphery that is pressed into input shaft 102 forms many annular slot 102A, can use Bond simultaneously.
In this mode of execution; Be pressed into hollow shaft 100 and be pressed into input shaft 102 and be 2 parts that should the one rotation, be equipped with this be pressed into hollow shaft 100 with the slide relative that is pressed into input shaft 102 promptly " slide relative between the input shaft of the output shaft of prime retarding stage and back grade retarding stage " as " specific change of privileged site " also can be above speed reducer G21 observed feeler mechanism.In this feeler mechanism, can make the end 102A of the load opposition side that is pressed into input shaft 102 of final stage reducing gear 44 be same horizontal plane and describe " continued labelling " with the end 100A that is pressed into the load opposition side of hollow shaft 100.At this, through covering transparent cover body 104, the slide relative (specific change) in the time of can above speed reducer G21, observing the input excessive torque.Cost is not lower owing to all comprise electric power system such as limit switch yet for the related structure of this mode of execution, and, the torque that relates to also less than before mode of execution, so can realize being pressed into design or the manufacturing of the Z2 of portion at lower cost.Other structures are identical with before mode of execution, therefore among the figure to the additional same-sign in position identical on same position or the function, omit repeat specification.
Among the present invention, can also adopt various changes in addition.
For example; Between the output shaft and output pinion to final retarding stage in the mode of execution before between the input shaft of the output shaft of (example of Fig. 1, Fig. 6) or prime retarding stage and back level retarding stage (example of Fig. 7) illustrate; But in addition, for example also can make linking department between the input shaft of output shaft and elementary retarding stage of motor etc. as the privileged site fragilityization.
Like this, in the structure that makes linking department possess fragility and slide relative is detected as specific change,, feeler mechanism of detecting with view mode and the feeler mechanism of detecting with sensor are arranged as aforementioned.Wherein, as other examples of the feeler mechanism of detecting with view mode, can also adopt the mechanism of whether breaking and observing to across the thin material (fine wire or adhesive tape etc.) between should 2 parts of one rotation.The feeler mechanism that fine wire is disconnected this type can also apply to detect in " the slide relative detecting sensor " whether the weak current that flows into this lead cut off.
And privileged site (frangible portion) not only can be the linking department between this parts, can also be set at the part of axle, reducing gear portion, bearing, shell or output pinion self in the parts of the transmission of power that helps speed reducer or all.For example, can correspondingly make the specific slip surface or the rolling surface of specific features possess fragility etc.At this moment, " face is tired " and the variation that produces for example will take place along with this specific slip surface or rolling surface and detect as specific change and get final product in feeler mechanism.
As the example of this representative privileged site, can enumerate the rolling surface of bearing.In the bearing at this moment, when axle or its Internal and external cycle of shell double as, can this axle or shell be grasped as the important document of the rolling surface that constitutes bearing.When the rolling surface of bearing is made as privileged site (frangible portion), the caused vibration of fracture that feeler mechanism can produce " face is tired " because of the rolling surface of this bearing, move sound or variation of temperature detects as " specific change ".
And, can also privileged site be made as the flank of tooth of the gear of reducing gear portion.At this moment, detection gets final product the feeler mechanism's caused vibration of jolting, operation sound or temperature variation that will produce because of " face tired " of this gear teeth face as specific change.
When the reducing gear portion of speed reducer possesses when carrying out the take off roll of transmission of power through the traction transmission,, can also select the rolling surface of these take off roll as privileged site.At this moment, detection gets final product the feeler mechanism's caused vibration of fracture, operation sound or variation of temperature that will produce because of " face is tired " of the rolling surface of these take off roll as specific change.
As the concrete sensor that is used for detecting " face fatigue ", can adopt the microphone sensor that detects near the operation sound of privileged site, near the temperature transducer of the temperature the detection privileged site, near the vibration transducer of the vibration the detection privileged site etc.And, at this moment, for example can be according to checkout value from each sensor, when checkout value surpasses pre-set threshold or when the variable quantity of the checkout value of scheduled period surpasses threshold value etc., detect specific change takes place.And; When the variation of the transmission efficiency that privileged site takes place along with " face tired "; The current sensor of detection as the current value of the motor of the driving source of this speed reducer can be set; According to the checkout value of this current sensor, can detect when using above-mentioned microphone sensor etc. identically specific change has taken place.
And; Based on the detecting method of these microphone sensors, temperature transducer, vibration transducer, the current sensor situation that to be not limited to above-mentioned fatigue be specific change; As long as on sound, temperature, vibration and current value, change, then can suitably select and use to any specific change of any privileged site according to specific change.
The present invention just painstakingly formed frangible portion in the part of power-transmission system originally; And the specific change in this frangible portion detects; Therefore forming structure or the combination that detects the specific change of privileged site through this sensor more effectively energetically, is a kind of preferred trial.For example; When speed reducer possesses as the motor of driving source and possesses the vibration transducer as sensor, as before mode of execution in explain, if in the end of the load side of the motor drive shaft of motor painstakingly the vertical cut formula form small gear; And the end at the load opposition side of this motor drive shaft possesses cooling fan; And cover this cooling fan by fan guard, then can form the operation sound of further amplification speed reducer or the state of vibration, and easily detect specific change.In addition, small gear necessarily vertical cut formula is formed at motor drive shaft, also can be used as split and is fixed on the motor drive shaft.For example, also can prepare in addition to separate and form the pinion shaft of small gear such as hypoid small gear, the end of the small gear opposition side of this pinion shaft is made as hollow-core construction, insert motor drive shaft to this hollow part and fix with motor drive shaft.
With same insight; Also effective to following structure; When promptly for example desiring variation according to the peripheral temperature of this bearing and detecting the fracture of bearing, make the temperature variation of this bearing periphery be reflected in the testing result of temperature transducer rapidly near the configuration fever thermometer of bearing to temperature transducer.
Wind power plant is arranged at the place away from other usually mostly, and is big even operation sound or vibration become a little when frangible portion begins specific change takes place, and also has problems hardly.On the other hand, wind power plant is arranged at away from other place and easy care not mostly, and therefore the damaged omen of perception is of crucial importance rapidly.
As slip coupling in the past; Till work 1 time later on when safeguarding next time; Can't realize the transmission of torque function that speed reducer is original, this is because (owing to can't such carry out the maintenance of wind power plant continually) its shortcoming is bigger, the result; When huge typhoons etc. arrive, the very high rank the when threshold value that begins to slide has to be set at virgin work.Therefore, basic drive system must not have and can before applying this excessive load, damage and the durability of the degree that remains in operation, and drive system need be born corresponding load capacity as a result.With respect to this; According to above-mentioned mode of execution; We can say aspect following and have big advantage; Promptly can this breakage be prevented trouble before it happens, and can prevent to cause the original function of wind power plant self impaired because of the unfavorable condition of speed reducer before final breakage, detecting its " omen ".
But, if the transmission of power that in a single day specific change of frangible portion of the present invention takes place thereafter as damaged just can't be carried out.At this moment, also can grasp rapidly should breakage, reparation early.Promptly; Frangible portion of the present invention is not limited to the position of mode of execution; (privileged site) gets final product so long as " linking department that helps axle, reducing gear portion, bearing, shell or output pinion or these parts in the parts of transmission of power of speed reducer "; Specific change among the present invention is not limited to the variation of mode of execution, as long as according to importing excessive torque from the output pinion side in the variation that said specific position takes place, then can be any variation.
In addition; The structure that the present invention can also be used as further developing with following formation; Promptly utilize the specific change this point that can detect frangible portion according to feeler mechanism; As aforementioned, through post a letter member or communication means of utilization this testing result be sent to control panel or the geographical caretaker room of going up away from this wind power plant in the outer nacelle of this speed reducer, thereby can extremely in time safeguard.This structure has benefit aspect following; Promptly can prevent speed reducer self breakage certainly; As aforementioned, can also the unfavorable condition because of this speed reducer be caused that the more massive faults of generation such as the deviation drive device that is assembled with this speed reducer or pitch drive unit prevent trouble before it happens.
Claims (11)
1. speed reducer that is used in wind power plant, this speed reducer possess and the output pinion that is arranged at the gear engagement of wind power plant side, it is characterized in that,
In the parts of the transmission of power that helps this speed reducer; The privileged site of the linking department of axle, reducing gear portion, bearing, shell or said output pinion or these parts is made as the frangible portion of comparing easy generation specific change with other positions; And
Possess and be used to detect the feeler mechanism that said specific change takes place in this frangible portion.
2. the speed reducer that is used in wind power plant as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
Said privileged site is to make linking department between 2 parts of answering one rotation possess the position of fragility,
Said feeler mechanism can observe the slide relative that between these 2 parts, takes place as said specific change.
3. the speed reducer that is used in wind power plant as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that,
Said should one the linking department of 2 parts of rotation be the linking department between the output shaft of said output pinion and this speed reducer, and,
In order to form said fragility, this output pinion and output shaft link through interference fit.
4. like each described speed reducer that is used in wind power plant in the claim 1～3, it is characterized in that,
Said privileged site is the position that makes interior slip surface of this speed reducer or rolling surface possess fragility,
Said feeler mechanism will variation that take place detects as said specific change along with the face of the slip surface of this privileged site or rolling surface is tired.
5. the speed reducer that is used in wind power plant as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that,
Said privileged site is the rolling surface of said bearing,
Said feeler mechanism will detect as said specific change because of the tired caused variation of fracture that produces of the face of the rolling surface of this bearing.
6. like claim 4 or the 5 described speed reducer that are used in wind power plant, it is characterized in that,
Said reducing gear portion possesses gear,
Said privileged site is the flank of tooth of this gear,
Said feeler mechanism will produce the caused variation of jolting because of the face of the flank of tooth of this gear is tired and detect as said specific change.
7. like each described speed reducer that is used in wind power plant in the claim 4～6, it is characterized in that,
Said speed reducer possesses the take off roll that carry out transmission of power with the traction transmission,
The said rolling surface that possesses the privileged site of fragility for these take off roll,
Said feeler mechanism will detect as said specific change because of the tired caused variation of fracture that produces of the face of the rolling surface of these take off roll.
8. like each described speed reducer that is used in wind power plant in the claim 1～7, it is characterized in that,
Said feeler mechanism possesses the sensor that is useful on the generation that detects said specific change.
9. the speed reducer that is used in wind power plant as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that,
Said sensor; Possess the microphone sensor that detects near the operation sound the said privileged site, detect near the temperature the said privileged site temperature transducer, detect near the vibration the said privileged site vibration transducer, detect this speed reducer as in the current sensor of the current value of the motor of driving source at least one
Said feeler mechanism will move at least one in changing of the change of tuneization, temperature variation, vibration variation and current value and detect as said specific change.
10. the speed reducer that is used in wind power plant as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that,
When said drive unit possesses the motor as driving source, and said sensor is when possessing said microphone sensor or vibration transducer,
End in the load side of the motor drive shaft of said motor is provided with small gear, possess cooling fan in the end of the load opposition side of this motor drive shaft, and this cooling fan is coated with fan guard.
11. like each described speed reducer that is used in wind power plant in the claim 1～10, it is characterized in that,
Further possess the member of posting a letter, when detecting in said privileged site generation specific change through said feeler mechanism, the said member of posting a letter is used for this testing result is passed to outside this speed reducer.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010241326A JP5524805B2 (en) | 2010-10-27 | 2010-10-27 | Reduction gear used for wind power generation equipment |
| JP2010-241326 | 2010-10-27 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102454547A true CN102454547A (en) | 2012-05-16 |
| CN102454547B CN102454547B (en) | 2014-03-19 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110325863.2A Active CN102454547B (en) | 2010-10-27 | 2011-10-21 | Speed reducer for wind power generation equipment |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP5524805B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102454547B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105008715A (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2015-10-28 | 住友重机械工业株式会社 | Speed reduction device used in wind power generation facility |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5727331B2 (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2015-06-03 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | Yaw reduction device and yaw drive system used for yaw drive system of wind power generation equipment |
| CN106471247B (en) | 2014-06-24 | 2019-06-28 | Ntn株式会社 | Condition monitoring system and the wind generator system for using the system |
| JP6692245B2 (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2020-05-13 | 株式会社ミツバ | Reaction force generator |
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| US2605850A (en) * | 1949-06-08 | 1952-08-05 | Elmer C Kiehaefer | Slip clutch for propellers |
| US20070098549A1 (en) * | 2005-10-13 | 2007-05-03 | General Electric Company | Device for driving a first part of a wind energy turbine with respect to a second part of the wind energy turbine |
| CN101603513A (en) * | 2009-07-15 | 2009-12-16 | 上海凡鸿环保科技发展有限公司 | Speed reduction protective device of vertical shaft wind-driven generator for resisting fierce wind |
| EP2159438A1 (en) * | 2008-09-02 | 2010-03-03 | Valeo Sicherheitssysteme GmbH | Torque limiter for transmitting component of a drive unit |
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| JP2007278178A (en) * | 2006-04-06 | 2007-10-25 | Nabtesco Corp | Windmill |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2605850A (en) * | 1949-06-08 | 1952-08-05 | Elmer C Kiehaefer | Slip clutch for propellers |
| US20070098549A1 (en) * | 2005-10-13 | 2007-05-03 | General Electric Company | Device for driving a first part of a wind energy turbine with respect to a second part of the wind energy turbine |
| EP2159438A1 (en) * | 2008-09-02 | 2010-03-03 | Valeo Sicherheitssysteme GmbH | Torque limiter for transmitting component of a drive unit |
| CN101603513A (en) * | 2009-07-15 | 2009-12-16 | 上海凡鸿环保科技发展有限公司 | Speed reduction protective device of vertical shaft wind-driven generator for resisting fierce wind |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105008715A (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2015-10-28 | 住友重机械工业株式会社 | Speed reduction device used in wind power generation facility |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102454547B (en) | 2014-03-19 |
| JP2012092757A (en) | 2012-05-17 |
| JP5524805B2 (en) | 2014-06-18 |
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