CN102451014A - Computed tomography (CT) equipment and a scout view imaging method - Google Patents
Computed tomography (CT) equipment and a scout view imaging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102451014A CN102451014A CN2010105128785A CN201010512878A CN102451014A CN 102451014 A CN102451014 A CN 102451014A CN 2010105128785 A CN2010105128785 A CN 2010105128785A CN 201010512878 A CN201010512878 A CN 201010512878A CN 102451014 A CN102451014 A CN 102451014A
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Abstract
The invention discloses computed tomography (CT) equipment, which comprises at least one X-ray tube (110), a detector (120), an image reconstruction device (330), an exposure control device (310) and a data supplementary device (320), wherein the detector (120) is used for receiving X rays from the X-ray tube to generate the original data; the image reconstruction device (330) is used for reconstructing an image based on the original data to acquire a scout view; the exposure control device (310) is used for irradiating an object (200) to be detected intermittently by using the X rays; and the data supplementary device (320) is used for supplementing missed original data when the X rays do not irradiate by using the original data generated by the detector during irradiation of the X rays and providing the supplemented original data for the image reconstruction device (330). The invention also discloses a scout view imaging method. By the equipment and the method, the exposure dose of the X rays received by the object to be detected in the scout view imaging process is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to computer tomography imaging (Computed Tomography, CT) technical field, the formation method of particularly a kind of CT equipment and a kind of location picture (topograph, TOPO picture).
Background technology
Carry out tomoscan (tomography) before at CT equipment, can obtain width of cloth anteroposterior position location picture or side locating image usually, tomoscan is carried out to be directed against this zone in the zone of on the picture of location, selecting institute to scan then.
The location picture is similar to traditional X ray exposure image.As shown in Figure 1; In locating as process for imaging, usually that X-ray tube 110 is fixing with the detector that receives X ray 120, mobile sick bed 140 that is used for carrying sweep object 200; And the X ray that X-ray tube 110 sends makes public to sweep object 200 always; Detector 120 receives X ray to form initial data, after initial data undergoes reconstruction, can obtain the location picture.Also show one among Fig. 1 and be used for collimator 130 that the X ray that X-ray tube penetrates is collimated.
In the CT field, existing a large amount of research is devoted to how to reduce the x-ray dose that object to be checked receives in the tomoscan.Yet, in locating, also need reduce the x-ray dose that object to be checked receives as process for imaging.
A kind of possible way is to adopt the higher detector of sensitivity.For example, German patent application DE29705172 discloses a kind of improved detector.Compare with previous detector, this detector can obtain identical signal intensity with less X ray exposure dose, thereby can reduce the x-ray dose that object to be checked receives.Yet the detector that more renews needs very big cost.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention proposes a kind of CT equipment, its purpose is, reduces the location as the suffered X ray exposure dose of object to be checked in the imaging process.The present invention also will propose a kind of formation method of locating picture, and its purpose is, reduces the location as the suffered X ray exposure dose of object to be checked in the imaging process.
Therefore, the invention provides a kind of CT equipment, comprise at least one X-ray tube and detector and an equipment for reconstructing image, wherein, said detector receives the X ray from said X-ray tube, to produce initial data; Said equipment for reconstructing image is rebuild based on said initial data and is obtained the location picture; Said CT equipment also comprises:
An exposure-control device is used to let X ray shine an object to be checked off and on;
A data supplementary device, the initial data that said detector produces when being used to utilize x-ray bombardment, the initial data of disappearance when additional X ray does not shine, and the initial data after will replenishing offers said equipment for reconstructing image.
In one embodiment, said exposure-control device comprises an X-ray tube control unit, is used for opening and closing off and on said X-ray tube.
In another embodiment, said exposure-control device comprises a screen unit, is used between X-ray tube and object to be checked, shielding the X ray that said X-ray tube sends off and on.
Preferably, said screen unit comprises a collimator and a collimator control unit, and wherein, said collimator control unit control collimator lets X ray pass through off and on.
Preferably, the said data supplementary device initial data that said detector produces during according to x-ray bombardment, the initial data of disappearance that interpolation calculation obtains X ray when not shining.
The present invention also provides a kind of formation method of locating picture, may further comprise the steps:
X-ray tube is set and detector is static;
Move sick bed, and let X ray shine an object to be checked off and on;
The initial data that detector produces when utilizing x-ray bombardment, the initial data of disappearance when additional X ray does not shine;
Initial data reconstruction based on after replenishing obtains the location picture.
In one embodiment, open and close said X-ray tube off and on, so that said X-ray tube sends X ray off and on.In another embodiment, between X-ray tube and object to be checked, shield the X ray that said X-ray tube sends off and on, preferably control a collimator and let X ray pass through off and on.
Preferably, said X ray periodically shines object to be checked.
Preferably, the interval that adjacent twice irradiation is set and the ratio of the persistent period of each irradiation were smaller or equal to 3: 1.
Preferably, the initial data that said detector produces during according to x-ray bombardment, the initial data of disappearance that interpolation calculation obtains X ray when not shining.
From such scheme, can find out; Because the present invention lets X ray shine object to be checked off and on; And the initial data of the initial data that detector produces when utilizing x-ray bombardment when replenishing X ray and not shining; Obtained the acceptable location of quality picture, therefore, the present invention has been minimized object to be checked suffered X ray exposure dose in locating as imaging process.
The present invention provides also flexibly that scheme realizes that X ray shines off and on, thereby can realize the present invention with lower cost.
Description of drawings
To make clearer above-mentioned and other feature and advantage of the present invention of those of ordinary skill in the art through describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention in detail below with reference to accompanying drawing, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the sketch map of location picture imaging.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of CT equipment according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 A is the sketch map of the x-ray dose that object to be checked receives in as imaging process in the location in the prior art, the sketch map of the x-ray dose that Fig. 3 B receives in as imaging process in the location for object to be checked according to an embodiment of the invention; Wherein, abscissa X express time, vertical coordinate Y representes the x-ray dose that object to be checked receives.
Fig. 4 is the sketch map of initial data, and wherein, abscissa is represented the port number of detector, and vertical coordinate is represented Z direction (direction of sick bed turnover scanner).
The location picture of Fig. 5 for obtaining according to prior art, wherein X ray is shining object to be checked always.
Fig. 6 is the location picture according to one embodiment of the present invention, and wherein the interval Δ T of adjacent twice irradiation is 2: 1 with the ratio of the persistent period Δ t of each irradiation.
Fig. 7 is the error image of Fig. 6 and Fig. 5.
Fig. 8 is the location picture according to another embodiment of the present invention, and wherein the interval Δ T of adjacent twice irradiation is 3: 1 with the ratio of the persistent period Δ t of each irradiation.
Fig. 9 is the error image of Fig. 8 and Fig. 5.
Figure 10 is the location picture of another embodiment according to the present invention, and wherein the interval Δ T of adjacent twice irradiation is 4: 1 with the ratio of each irradiation duration Δ t.
Figure 11 is the error image of Figure 10 and Fig. 5.
Wherein, Fig. 5 to Figure 11 is the sectional drawing of computer picture, and the grayscale bar on right side is represented gray value among the figure.
The specific embodiment
For making the object of the invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below lift embodiment to further explain of the present invention.
Fig. 2 has schematically provided a kind of according to an embodiment of the invention CT equipment.Need to prove that from simple and clear purpose, having omitted in accompanying drawing of the present invention and the following description in the CT equipment with the present invention is not other assembly that is closely related.
As shown in Figure 2, CT equipment comprises 100 and controls of a CT scanner (scanner) and image re-construction system 300.Wherein, CT scanner 100 comprises at least one X-ray tube 110 and the collimator 130 and detector 120 corresponding with X-ray tube, also comprises a sick bed 140.
As shown in Figure 2, control and image re-construction system 300 comprise an exposure-control device 310, data supplementary device 320, an equipment for reconstructing image 330 and a sick bed control device 340.Wherein, exposure-control device 310 is used to let X ray shine object 200 to be checked off and on.Preferably, exposure-control device 310 lets X ray periodically shine object 200 to be checked.The initial data that detector 120 produced when data supplementary device 320 was used to utilize x-ray bombardment object 200 to be checked replenishes the initial data that lacks when X ray does not shine object 200 to be checked, and offers equipment for reconstructing image 330.Preferably, data supplementary device 320 initial data that detector 120 produces during according to x-ray bombardment, the initial data of disappearance that interpolation calculation obtains X ray when not shining.Equipment for reconstructing image 330 is used for obtaining the location picture based on the initial data reconstruction that obtains.Sick bed control device 340 is used to control sick bed 140 and moves along the Z direction.
In one embodiment; Exposure-control device 310 can comprise an X-ray tube control unit (not shown); This X-ray tube control unit is used for opening and closing off and on X-ray tube, so that X-ray tube sends X ray off and on, thereby realizes that X ray shines object to be checked off and on.
In another embodiment; Exposure-control device 310 can comprise a screen unit (not shown); This screen unit is used between X-ray tube 110 and object to be checked 200, shielding the X ray that X-ray tube 110 sends off and on, lets X ray shine object 200 to be checked off and on thereby reach.Preferably, said screen unit comprises the collimator control unit (not shown) of above-mentioned collimator 130 and this collimator 130 of control, and collimator control unit control collimator 130 lets X ray pass through off and on.
Based on CT equipment shown in Figure 2, describe and locate according to an embodiment of the invention below, may further comprise the steps as formation method:
Step S01, it is static that X-ray tube 110 (and collimator 130) and detector 120 are set.For example, if patient's (object to be checked) 200 lies low on sick bed 140, when obtaining anteroposterior position location picture, the 12 o'clock direction that X-ray tube 110 is still in Fig. 2 can be set, detector 120 is still in 6 o'clock direction; When obtaining side locating image, can be provided with X-ray tube be still in 3 o'clock direction or 9 o'clock direction, detector 120 correspondingly be still in 9 o'clock direction or 3 o'clock direction.
Step S02, the sick bed 140 that object 200 to be checked is being carried in 340 controls of sick bed controller moves along the Z direction.When the Z direction moved, exposure-control device 310 let X ray shine object 200 to be checked off and at sick bed.Preferably, exposure-control device 310 lets X ray periodically shine object 200 to be checked.
According to one embodiment of the present invention; Exposure-control device 310 opens and closes X-ray tube 110 off and on; Thereby make X-ray tube 110 send X ray off and on, realized that X ray shines object to be checked off and on, reduced the suffered x-ray dose of object to be checked.
According to another embodiment of the invention; Exposure-control device 310 can shield the X ray that X-ray tube 110 sends off and between X-ray tube 110 and object to be checked 200; For example control the collimator 130 between X-ray tube 110 and object to be checked 200 in the CT scanner 100; Open and close the opening of collimator 130 off and on, thereby make X ray shine object to be checked off and on, reduce the suffered x-ray dose of object to be checked.
Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B have provided in the prior art respectively and the sketch map of the x-ray dose that object to be checked receives in one embodiment of the present invention.Shown in Fig. 3 A, in the prior art, object to be checked receives the irradiation of X ray always.Shown in Fig. 3 B, a preferred embodiment of the invention, object to be checked periodically receives the irradiation of X ray.In Fig. 3 B, the interval of adjacent twice irradiation (that is, exposure cycle) is Δ T, and the persistent period of each irradiation is Δ t.Can the set interval ratio of Δ T and persistent period Δ t for example is 2: 1,3: 1, and 4: 1,3: 2 or the like.Preferably, the ratio of Δ T and Δ t is smaller or equal to 3: 1, to guarantee the quality of location picture.
Step S03, detector 120 receives X ray in the process of step S02, to produce initial data.
Fig. 4 has provided the sketch map of initial data, and wherein abscissa is represented the port number of detector, and vertical coordinate is represented the Z direction.Wherein, the initial data that detector 120 produces during labelling " X " expression x-ray bombardment object 200 to be checked, the initial data of disappearance when labelling " O " expression X ray does not shine.
Step S04, after data supplementary device 320 is received initial data as shown in Figure 4, the initial data " X " that detector 120 produces when utilizing x-ray bombardment object 200 to be checked, the initial data " 0 " that lacks when replenishing X ray and not shining.Preferably, data supplementary device 320 utilizes interpolation method to calculate the initial data of X ray disappearance when not shining object 200 to be checked.Introduce a kind of interpolation computing method below.
With reference to Fig. 4, suppose Z in the position
1, Z
2... Z
mThe initial data at place is S
1, S
2... S
m, the position Z of adjacent twice irradiation
M+1And Z
M-1Between distance be Δ Z, then can obtain at Z according to following formula interpolation calculation
mThe initial data S at place
mFor:
If make weight factor
Δ Z=Z wherein
M+1-Z
M-1, Δ Z '=Z
M+1-Z
m
Formula then can be converted into:
S
m＝(1-w)·S
m+1+w·S
m-1
Certainly, also can use other interpolation method to calculate Z
mThe initial data S at place
m, repeat no more at this.
Through after the interpolation, data supplementary device 320 obtains complete initial data, and offers equipment for reconstructing image 330.
Step S05, equipment for reconstructing image 330 rebuild and obtain the location picture based on the complete initial data after replenishing.
Inventor of the present invention has carried out test of many times, can access the acceptable location of quality picture to guarantee technical scheme of the present invention.
The location picture of Fig. 5 for obtaining according to prior art.Fig. 6 is the location picture according to one embodiment of the present invention, and wherein the interval Δ T of irradiation and the ratio of persistent period Δ t are 2: 1, and Fig. 7 is the error image of Fig. 6 and Fig. 5.Fig. 8 is the location picture according to another embodiment of the present invention, and wherein the interval Δ T of irradiation and the ratio of persistent period Δ t are 3: 1, and Fig. 9 is the error image of Fig. 8 and Fig. 5.Figure 10 is the location picture of another embodiment according to the present invention, and wherein the interval Δ T of irradiation and the ratio of persistent period Δ t are 4: 1, and Figure 11 is the error image of Figure 10 and Fig. 5.
In locating as process for imaging; The translational speed that sick bed is set is 100 millimeters per seconds (mm/s); And the persistent period Δ t that the each exposure of X ray is set is 10 milliseconds (ms); And the interval Δ T of different adjacent x-ray bombardments is set, wherein: interval Δ T is 10ms in the prior art shown in Figure 5, promptly shines object 200 to be checked continuously; Interval Δ T is 20ms in the embodiment shown in Figure 6, i.e. Δ T: Δ t=2: 1, can reduce by 50% x-ray dose; Interval Δ T is 30ms in the embodiment shown in Figure 8, i.e. Δ T: Δ t=3: 1, can reduce by 67% x-ray dose; Interval Δ T is 40ms in the embodiment shown in Figure 10, i.e. Δ T: Δ t=4: 1, can reduce by 75% x-ray dose.
Can find out from the result shown in accompanying drawing 5 to the accompanying drawing 11; Ratio increase along with irradiation time interval delta T and persistent period Δ t; Can reduce more x-ray dose; But picture quality correspondingly descends (seeing also Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 8 and Figure 10), the information of loss also increases (seeing also Fig. 7, Fig. 9 and Figure 11) gradually.Inventor of the present invention confirms through contrast, when the ratio of the interval Δ T of adjacent twice irradiation and the persistent period Δ t of each irradiation be during smaller or equal to 3: 1, locatees the picture quality of picture and still can accept.
The above is merely preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to restriction the present invention, not all within spirit of the present invention and principle, any modification of being done, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a CT equipment comprises at least one X-ray tube (110) and detector (120) and an equipment for reconstructing image (330), and wherein, said detector (120) receives the X ray from said X-ray tube (110), to produce initial data; Said equipment for reconstructing image (330) is rebuild based on said initial data and is obtained the location picture; It is characterized in that said CT equipment also comprises:
An exposure-control device (310) is used to let X ray shine an object to be checked (200) off and on;
A data supplementary device (320), the initial data that said detector (120) produces when being used to utilize x-ray bombardment, the initial data of disappearance when additional X ray does not shine, and the initial data after will replenishing offers said equipment for reconstructing image (330).
2. equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said exposure-control device (320) comprises an X-ray tube control unit, is used for opening and closing off and on said X-ray tube.
3. equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said exposure-control device (320) comprises a screen unit, is used between X-ray tube (110) and object to be checked (200), shielding the X ray that said X-ray tube (110) sends off and on.
4. equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that, said screen unit comprises a collimator (130) and a collimator control unit, and wherein, said collimator control unit control collimator (130) lets X ray pass through off and on.
5. equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said data supplementary device (320) initial data that said detector (120) produces during according to x-ray bombardment, the initial data of disappearance that interpolation calculation obtains X ray when not shining.
6. formation method of locating picture may further comprise the steps:
X-ray tube (110) is set and detector (120) is static;
Move sick bed (140), and let X ray shine an object to be checked (200) off and on;
The initial data that detector when utilizing x-ray bombardment (120) produces, the initial data of disappearance when additional X ray does not shine;
Initial data reconstruction based on after replenishing obtains the location picture.
7. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, opens and closes said X-ray tube (110) off and on, so that said X-ray tube sends X ray off and on;
Perhaps, between X-ray tube (110) and object to be checked (200), shield the X ray that said X-ray tube (110) sends off and on, preferably control a collimator (130) and let X ray pass through off and on.
8. according to claim 6 or 7 described methods, it is characterized in that said X ray periodically shines object to be checked (200).
9. method according to claim 8 is characterized in that, the interval that adjacent twice irradiation be set and the ratio of the persistent period of each irradiation were smaller or equal to 3: 1.
10. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the initial data that said detector (120) produces during according to x-ray bombardment, the initial data of disappearance that interpolation calculation obtains X ray when not shining.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN103876757A (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2014-06-25 | 上海西门子医疗器械有限公司 | Medical X-ray imaging equipment, grid motion device and exposure control method |
| CN104257396A (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2015-01-07 | 上海闵灏信息科技有限公司 | CT based (Computerized Tomography) wide-breadth dynamic three-dimensional human body scanning system |
| CN106841242A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-06-13 | 刘智慧 | Detection method and device |
| US10278666B2 (en) | 2014-06-13 | 2019-05-07 | Palodex Group Oy | Systems and methods of automated dose control in x-ray imaging |
| CN113349805A (en) * | 2020-03-05 | 2021-09-07 | 上海西门子医疗器械有限公司 | Medical image generation method, device and system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103876757A (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2014-06-25 | 上海西门子医疗器械有限公司 | Medical X-ray imaging equipment, grid motion device and exposure control method |
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| CN113349805A (en) * | 2020-03-05 | 2021-09-07 | 上海西门子医疗器械有限公司 | Medical image generation method, device and system |
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Application publication date: 20120516 |