CN102442327B

CN102442327B - Multi-level floating type anti-collision energy absorbing device for rail vehicles

Info

Publication number: CN102442327B
Application number: CN201110341351.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张卫华; 柳忠彬; 肖守讷; 阳光武
Original assignee: Southwest Jiaotong University
Current assignee: Southwest Jiaotong University
Priority date: 2011-11-02
Filing date: 2011-11-02
Publication date: 2014-02-19
Anticipated expiration: 2031-11-02
Also published as: CN102442327A

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-level floating type anti-collision energy absorbing device for rail vehicles, which comprises an end piston and more than two floating pistons independently placed in a cylinder. Elastic positioning mechanisms for jacking the lateral sides of the edges of the floating pistons are radially arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder at positions corresponding to the floating pistons. The floating pistons divide the cylinder into a plurality of independent closed air chambers, the floating pistons and the cylinder form a plurality of moving piston mechanisms without piston rods, the closed air chambers are communicated with a pressurizing air pipe arranged outside the cylinder, and each piston is provided with a normally closed through hole of an elastic rupture disk. By means of the multi-level floating type anti-collision energy absorbing device, the collision impact damaging process of rail vehicles can be converted into compressed air energy storage in multi-level floating air chambers to realize three steps of buffering of peak momentum, grading of compressed air according to energy to release fluctuation energy and releasing of remnant energy deforming damage, and thereby damages of rigid collision and peak momentum in collision of rail vehicles can be effectively avoided.

Description

Multi-level floating type anti-collision energy absorbing device for rail vehicles

Technical field

The present invention relates to guideway vehicle technical field, particularly rolling stock collision energy-absorbing and the fender guard of effectively releasing energy.

Background technology

For rolling stock safety research, except to the safety of circuit and vehicle itself, reliability consideration, because specific factor causes rolling stock to bump on the impact of rolling stock generation, be also an important research contents.Because rolling stock is different with other lightweight transportation means, rolling stock has the features such as inertia is large, energy is high, impact wreckage is strong.At present, the collision compression set laying particular emphasis on by specific components and parts (as thin-wall part) for the research of this project technology absorbs energy, and the size absorbing energy depends on the factor such as structure, size, material of being out of shape components and parts.Wherein deformation element starts by colliding contact, and when element produces distortion, the impact energy of the rolling stock body part that major part has been delivered to rolling stock, destroys and produced largely, and the safety of vehicle has been subject to great impact.The object of the invention is, by adopting the hard and soft energy-absorbing mode of taking into account, to set up the safety collision device of a kind of flexible contact and energy controlled release, reduce the extent of damage of rolling stock collision, ensure and transport the safety of taking advantage of personnel's life, property.

Summary of the invention

In view of the above deficiency of prior art, the object of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly collision energy is carried out to segmentation contact while colliding based on rolling stock and be subject to the crashworthiness fender guard that can discharge with quantization of amplitude.

The object of the invention is to realize by following means:

Multi-level floating type anti-collision energy absorbing device for rail vehicles, is characterized in that, an end piston and two above separated floating pistons that are independently positioned in cylinder body, consists of; In cylinder body, with respect to being radially provided with on the casing wall of each floating piston position, push up the elastic locating mechanism of pressing side, floating piston edge; Each floating piston is divided into a plurality of independently closed air chambers by cylinder body, and forms the piston mechanisms that move about of organizing piston-rodless with cylinder more, and each closed air chamber communicates with the outer set pressurization air pipe of cylinder body; On each piston, be provided with the normally closed through hole of elasticity rupture disk.

Adopt apparatus of the present invention that the collision impact destructive process of rolling stock is converted into multistage unsteady air chamber pressure gas energy storage and realize the process that peak value momentum cushions three grades of substeps that discharge by the release of energy level split pole Wave energy and complementary energy deformation failure with pressure gas; thereby rigid collision and the harm of peak value momentum of effectively protecting rolling stock to cause when bumping; realized segmentation, quantitatively conversion and release to colliding impact energy, farthest slowed down and eliminate rolling stock and collide personnel and the material damage bringing.

Accompanying drawing is described as follows:

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of application Multi-level floating type anti-collision energy absorbing device for rail vehicles of the present invention.

Fig. 2 be in Fig. 1 B to view.

Fig. 3 is A-A cutaway view in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is I portion partial enlarged drawing in Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is II portion partial enlarged drawing in Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is the shaft side figure of end piston.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.

In conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, can find out, apparatus of the present invention comprise: clash into contact block 1, end piston 3, cylinder 8, cylinder end piece 5,

floating piston

9,10,12 and cylinder bottom contact block 13, cylinder bottom contact block 13 is connected with cylinder 8 by

bolt assembly

14, and 40 is cylinder

rack.Floating piston

9,10,12 and end piston 3 encapsulations are in cylinder 8, and floating

piston

9,10,12 and piston 3 encapsulations are within cylinder 8, and described each piston ring is to being provided with seal ring 15.End piston 3 is connected with shock contact block 1 by screw 2.Its medial end portions piston 3 is through cylinder end piece 5 intermediate throughholes, and cylinder end piece 5 is provided with realizes the seal ring 4 that forms dynamic seal (packing) with end piston 3.Cylinder end piece 5 is connected by bolt assembly 7 with cylinder 8, and is provided with seal ring 6 between the two.On floating

piston

9,10,12 and end piston 3, be respectively equipped with the normally closed through hole of four flexible rupture disks, as shown in Figure 5, through hole one side has been installed rupture disk 30, and the rupture disk 30 that covers normally closed through hole 31 is fixed by bolt assembly 28 by annular pressing plate 29.In cylinder body, with respect to being radially provided with on the casing wall of each floating piston position, push up the elastic locating mechanism of pressing side, floating piston edge, this elastic locating mechanism is arranged on floating

piston

9, 10, 12 both sides, piston 3 positions can be established and can not established, its concrete structure as shown in Figure 4, this location structure is by round end locating dowel pin 27, holddown spring 16, seal strip 17, holddown spring top cover 18 and housing screw 19 form, and be evenly provided with three groups along cylinder 8 peripheral radials, holddown spring 16 one end are set on round end locating dowel pin 27, other end top is to the interior step of holddown spring top cover 18, between holddown spring top cover 18 and cylinder 8 stepped holes, be provided with seal strip 17, and be fixed by upper end housing screw 19, make round end locating dowel pin 27 tops press side, floating piston edge, in the compression dynamics that below can see holddown spring, should debug suitable degree, to guarantee that piston is when receiving enough large axial thrust, the tangential force of piston end surface can be radially extrapolated with release piston longitudinal travel by round end locating dowel pin 27.By Fig. 4, also can be found out, pressurization (gas) pipeline 11 is connected by air entraining valve door assembly with cylinder 8, this air entraining valve door assembly is by holddown spring 26, cone seal plug 24, cone seal plug briquetting 25, double end through hole joint 20, seal strip 23, 22 and attaching parts 21 form, wherein holddown spring 26 one end are connected with cone seal plug briquetting 25, the other end is positioned in the interior stepped hole of cylinder 8 induction openings, cone seal plug 24 flush ends and cone seal plug briquetting 25 bond together, cone seal plug 24 conical surfaces and 20 times end in contact of double end through hole joint, double end through hole joint 20 lower ends screw in cylinder 8 induction openings, between double end through hole joint 20 upper end end faces and pressurization (gas) pipeline 11, be provided with seal strip 23, between pressurization (gas) pipeline 11 and attaching parts 21, be provided with seal strip 22, attaching parts 21 is threaded connection with double end through hole joint 20 upper ends.

During installation, first by floating piston 12 propulsion cylinders 8, until contact with the locating dowel pin of the interior leftmost side of cylinder 8 elastic locating mechanism, be stuck between two-side elastic detent mechanism, carry out pre-determined bit; Secondly by floating piston 10 and the predetermined position of elastic locating mechanism shown in Fig. 1 that is positioned at of floating piston 9; Piston 3 is pushed near the cylinder end piece of the rightmost side.

Before use, device left end and bottom cylinder support are fixed on rolling stock head, by pressurization (gas) pipeline 11 (being generally connected with compressor on rolling stock), add certain pressure gas (non-combustible gas) to cylinder 8 each sealed air chamber simultaneously.During ventilation, double end through hole joint 20 lower end air pressure are higher than cylinder 8 internal gas pressures, gas overcomes cylinder 8 internal gas pressures and holddown spring 26 thrusts, push cone seal plug 24 open to each air chamber pressurization in cylinder 8, when air chamber internal pressure and pressurization (gas) pipeline 11 air pressure balance, cone seal plug 24 and the 20 lower end sealings of double end through hole joint, gas circuit is cut off.When the interior air chamber pressure of cylinder 8 reduces, air valve is opened automatically, and to make-up gas in air chamber.

During use, when collision thing contact impact contact block 1, impulsive force is delivered on piston 3, piston 3 compression left side air chambers, and when pressure increases to a certain degree, floating piston 9 overcomes left side flexible shaft to position constraint compression left side air chamber.Equally, pressure is passed to cylinder 8 leftmost side air chambers, and impact energy is passed and is converted into each air chamber gaseous tension, the raise storage of portion of energy of temperature, and now, floating

piston

9,10,12 is in left and right quick condition.When impacting further reinforcement, each air-pressure chamber gaseous tension continues to raise, when pressure surpasses the compressive strength limit of set rupture disk 30 on end piston 3, and rupture disk 30 explosions, energy is fast released piston 3 non-compression zones, right side.Piston 3 is now broken through air resistance, contacts with floating piston 9 fast and continues to compress each air chamber gas of floating piston 9 left sides.Equally, when pressure surpasses the compressive strength limit of set rupture disk 30 on floating piston 9, rupture disk 30 explosions, energy is fast released floating piston 9 (end piston 3) non-compression zone, right side.So circulation, until set rupture disk 30 breaks on floating piston 12, floating

piston

12,10,9 and end piston 3 are folded and are overweighted on cylinder bottom contact block 13, now each air chamber absorbed energy has all discharged.Therebetween, in end piston 3, floating

piston

9,10,12 compression processs, when pressure out of reach breaks whole rupture disks, end piston 3 will stop at cylinder certain position, and along with rolling stock moving situation piston has certain left and right displacement.When impact energy is excessive, all rupture disks break, and make that floating

piston

12,10,9 and end piston 3 is folded to be overweighted on cylinder bottom contact block 13, as also having dump energy, floating

piston

12,10,9, owing to being shell part, will producing plastic deformation and absorb more energy.

Wherein should note, when collision occurs, in cylinder 8, each air chamber pressure is apparently higher than pressurization (gas) pipeline 11 air pressure, cylinder 8 internal gas pressures will press cone seal plug 24, combined closely and enhanced leaktightness in itself and double end through hole joint 20 lower ends, cylinder 8 inner high voltage gases can oppositely not cause damage to supply air line and gas compressing equipment.

Apparatus of the present invention can be on the basis of above-mentioned three

floating pistons

12,10,9, in conjunction with the size of structural adjustment cylinder 8 and the number of floating piston of rolling stock, and the intensity index of rupture disk, collision energy-absorbing and the energy of realizing serial energy level discharge.For more effectively multistage unsteady air chamber pressure gas energy storage being realized to peak value momentum buffering, by the relative position relation of end piston and floating piston, the compressive strength of elasticity rupture disk is strengthened to cylinder bottom successively by cylinder entrance, and on cylinder bottom floating piston, the compressive strength of elasticity rupture disk is the highest.

Gas compression energy-absorbing of the present invention and explosion are released the flexible anti-collision device of energy except for rolling stock end, also can be applicable to the collision system of railway carriage end, also can be applicable to the collision system of Ordinary road vehicle.

Claims

1. Multi-level floating type anti-collision energy absorbing device for rail vehicles, is characterized in that, an end piston and two above separated floating pistons that are independently positioned in cylinder body, consists of; In cylinder body, with respect to being radially provided with on the casing wall of each floating piston position, push up the elastic locating mechanism of pressing side, floating piston edge; Each floating piston is divided into a plurality of independently closed air chambers by cylinder body, and forms the piston mechanisms that move about of organizing piston-rodless with cylinder more, and each closed air chamber communicates with the outer set pressurization air pipe of cylinder body; On each piston, be provided with the normally closed through hole of elasticity rupture disk.

2. Multistage floating type rolling stock crashworthiness energy absorption device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, by the relative position relation of end piston and floating piston, the compressive strength of elasticity rupture disk is strengthened to cylinder bottom successively by cylinder entrance, and on cylinder bottom floating piston, the compressive strength of elasticity rupture disk is the highest.

3. Multistage floating type rolling stock crashworthiness energy absorption device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described pressurization air pipe is provided with reverse explosion-proof and level pressure aerating valve in pressurization place that communicates with cylinder body closed air chamber.

4. Multistage floating type rolling stock crashworthiness energy absorption device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, on described each piston, the normally closed through hole of flexible rupture disk arranges at least one.