A kind of latent formula series capacitor compensation device
Technical field
The invention belongs to the flexible ac transmission of electric power system field, be specifically related to a kind of latent formula series capacitor compensation device of electric power system.
Background technology
The series capacitor compensation device is that the capacitor group is series in the transmission line of alternation current, is used to compensate the part emotional resistance of transmission line of alternation current, thereby reaches purposes such as the transmission capacity that increases circuit, the stability that improves system, saving investment.In remote, large capacity transmission system, along with the increase of transmission distance, the conveying capacity of transmission line receives increasing restriction.It is to address this problem that string is mended, and improves one of important means of transmission line conveying capacity, has very huge economic, in the electric power system of countries in the world, has obtained to use widely.
Maybe can regulate according to immobilizing of compensating impedance value, string is mended device can be divided into fixed series compensation (FSC) and controlled series compensation (TCSC), and wherein the fixed series compensation structure principle chart is as shown in Figure 7.Controlled series compensation is that the means through power electronics realize the dynamic control to the series equivalent approach impedance of fundamental frequency, but makes the parameter dynamic adjustments of whole transmission line.
When system normally moved, conventional string was mended device and is dropped in the transmission line, in order to the part induction reactance of compensation transmission line.When external area error took place, series capacitor bank did not allow by bypass usually.When the generating region internal fault, allow series capacitor bank by bypass usually, after the system failure is removed, can think highly of the throwing logic according to predetermined series capacitance, drop into again.
When the conventional string of installing in the electric power transmission network is mended device; Subsynchronous frequency in the electrical system might be complementary with the natural torsional frequency in the mechanical system; Produce subsynchronous resonance (SSR), resonance can produce the moment of an amplification, thereby causes the damage of generator's motor shaft.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of latent formula series capacitor compensation device LSC (Latent Series Compensation), be called for short the formula string of diving and mend, this latent formula string is mended the transient stability that has improved system on the one hand, optimizes voltage along the line and distributes; Also removed the risk of subsynchronous resonance SSR on the other hand, this latent formula string is mended device and can be used separately, also can recruit with the routine string and close use.
The objective of the invention is to adopt following technical proposals to realize:
A kind of latent formula series capacitor compensation device; Said device comprises capacitor group C, overvoltage protection, damping device D and bypass breaker S; Its improvements are, and are parallelly connected with overvoltage protection and bypass breaker S after said capacitor group C connects with damping device D;
When electric power system normally moved, described latent formula string was mended device and is not dropped in the said electric power system, and the formula string of promptly diving is mended device and is in bypass condition; When said electric power system is broken down, according to different fault types, adopt the different actions mode to drop into string and mend, withdraw from through more said latent formula string being mended device behind the certain hour.
A kind of optimized technical scheme provided by the invention is: said capacitor group C comprises the capacitor of at least two serial or parallel connections.
Second optimized technical scheme provided by the invention is: said overvoltage protection comprises single gap, double gap, metal oxide pressure-limiting device MOV, controllable silicon T or MOV-combinations of gaps.
The 3rd optimized technical scheme provided by the invention is: said damping device D comprises damping reactance, damping resistance and metal oxide pressure-limiting device MOV or sparklet clearance G '.
The 4th optimized technical scheme provided by the invention is: said double gap comprises spark gap G1, bypass breaker S1 and spark gap G2; Parallelly connected with spark gap G1 again after said bypass breaker S1 and the spark gap G2 series connection.
The 5th optimized technical scheme provided by the invention is: said controllable silicon T comprises antiparallel controllable silicon.
The 6th optimized technical scheme provided by the invention is: said MOV-gap comprises the metal oxide pressure-limiting device MOV and the spark gap G of parallel connection.
The 7th optimized technical scheme provided by the invention is: said fault type comprises troubles inside the sample space and external area error; Action when action when said manner of execution comprises the generating region internal fault and generation external area error.
The 8th optimized technical scheme provided by the invention is: mend for said latent formula string and introduce the Fault Identification function, the line current coherent signal of the latent formula string benefit of said Fault Identification function employing device place circuit, the line-breaker folding condition signal that the place circuit is mended device end near the line-breaker folding condition signal and the adjacent lines of latent formula string benefit device end near latent formula string judge whether to drop into said latent formula string and mend device; Said Fault Identification comprises the steps:
The first step: judge whether failed because of circuit:
If dive the formula string mend device place line current instantaneous value greater than set point or line current slope greater than set point and line current instantaneous value greater than set point; Then judge the circuit failed because; Untie the bypass breaker locking that the formula string of diving is mended device, but keep bypass breaker closed;
In second step, judge that short trouble is troubles inside the sample space or external area error:
The formula string is mended the line-breaker action of device place and is broken off if dive, and then judging short trouble is troubles inside the sample space; The formula string is mended the action of device adjacent lines circuit breaker and is broken off if dive, and then judging short trouble is external area error.
The 3rd step: the formula string of diving is mended device action:
A. like troubles inside the sample space, then operate the formula string of diving and mend device by following mode:
The formula string is mended a phase breaker tripping of device place circuit if dive; Then send single-phase fault alarm in the district; And open the other two-phase bypass breaker that the formula string of diving is mended device; The latent mutually formula string of non-fault is mended device drop into circuit; Mend the device bypass through the formula string of will diving once more after the regular hour and withdraw from, and locking;
The formula string is mended the three-phase breaker tripping of device place circuit if dive, and then sends heterogeneous fault warning in the district, and the formula string of diving is mended bypass breaker and remained closed motionless and locking;
B. like external area error, then operate the formula string of diving and mend device by following mode:
The formula string is mended a phase circuit breaker tripping of device adjacent lines if dive, and then sends the outer single-phase fault alarm in district, and the bypass breaker that the formula string of diving is mended device remains closed motionless and locking;
The formula string is mended two phase or three-phase breaker trippings of device adjacent lines if dive; Then send the outer heterogeneous fault warning in district; And open the formula string of diving and mend the three-phase bypass breaker, the formula of will diving string is mended three-phase and is all dropped into circuit, and the bypass breaker of mending device through the formula string of will diving once more after the regular hour is closed; And locking, the formula string of diving this moment is mended device and is withdrawed from.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that reaches of the present invention is:
1, the latent formula string benefit main circuit structure of the present invention's design is distinct, and selected device is conventional equipment, and the basic structure that can adopt conventional string to mend does not increase equipment cost and manufacture difficulty.
2, the latent formula string of the present invention's design is mended the making time weak point, adapts to multiple operational mode, and the equipment utilization time is short, and the reliability of equipment is higher, and the steady operation loss is little.
3, the latent formula string of the present invention's design is mended the acceleration area that can reduce load angle characteristic, accelerates system stability speed, improves the transient stability level of system, can optimize voltage along the line simultaneously and distribute.
4, under identical compensativity, the capacity of metal oxide pressure-limiting device MOV is lower than fixed series compensation.
5, the latent formula string of the present invention design is mended the risk that subsynchronous resonance SSR appears in the system under the high series compensatnig degree can eliminated.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a typical main circuit structure sketch map of mending device according to latent formula string of the present invention;
Fig. 2 mends structure principle chart according to the latent formula string under the single gap overvoltage protection mode of the present invention;
Fig. 3 mends structure principle chart according to the latent formula string under the double gap overvoltage protection mode of the present invention;
Fig. 4 mends structure principle chart according to the latent formula string under the MOV overvoltage protection mode of the present invention;
Fig. 5 mends structure principle chart according to the latent formula string under the controllable silicon overvoltage protection mode of the present invention;
Fig. 6 mends structure principle chart according to the latent formula string under the MOV-combinations of gaps overvoltage protection mode of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the fixed series compensation typical structure schematic diagram of MOV+ gap protection;
Fig. 8 is the equivalent system diagram of mending according to certain latent formula string of the present invention;
So Fig. 9 is logic diagram according to judgement short circuit of the present invention;
Figure 10 mends the action logic block diagram according to the latent formula string of single-phase fault in the district of the present invention;
Figure 11 mends the action logic block diagram according to the latent formula string of heterogeneous fault in the district of the present invention;
Figure 12 mends the action logic block diagram according to the latent formula string of single-phase fault outside the district of the present invention;
Figure 13 mends the action logic block diagram according to the latent formula string of heterogeneous fault outside the district of the present invention.
Embodiment
Do further detailed description below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing specific embodiments of the invention.
Fig. 1 is the main circuit structure sketch map of the latent formula string benefit of the present invention device, and wherein, Line mends device for the formula string of diving and belongs to circuit; C is the capacitor group of serial or parallel connection; MOV is a metal oxide pressure-limiting device, is used for capacitor for voltage protection group C; G is a spark gap, is used for capacitor for voltage protection group C and MOV; S is a bypass breaker, and the formula string that is used for diving is mended the input of device and withdrawed from operation; D is a damping device.Damping device D and capacitor group C are connected in series, and when system normally moved, bypass breaker S was in closing position, and damping device D is line attachment not.Damping device D comprises damping reactance, damping resistance and metal oxide pressure-limiting device MOV or sparklet clearance G '.
When system has higher requirements to circuit conveying capacity and system stability level, adopt the MOV protected mode to help satisfying corresponding requirement.When short circuit current was big, consideration MOV economy can parallel connection be installed the protection gap, protects the gap if the system short-circuit electric current not quite then can not installed.Should mend the conveying capacity of place circuit and the suitable overvoltage protection mode of requirement selection of system stability level based on string, the basic structure of the overvoltage protection that the various latent formula string of formation is mended such as Fig. 2-shown in Figure 6.Wherein, Fig. 2 is a single gap overvoltage protection mode, and Fig. 3 is a double gap overvoltage protection mode, and Fig. 4 is a MOV overvoltage protection mode, and Fig. 5 is a controllable silicon overvoltage protection mode, and Fig. 6 is a MOV-combinations of gaps overvoltage protection mode.
Shown in Figure 7 is the fixed series compensation typical structure of MOV+ gap protection.
With Fig. 1 and Fig. 7 relatively, be not difficult to draw dive the formula string mend with the structural difference of fixed series compensation mainly in the position of damping device.The damping device D of fixed series compensation is with parallelly connected with capacitor again after spark gap G and bypass breaker S connect; It then is with parallelly connected with spark gap G and bypass breaker S again after capacitor C connects with damping device D that the formula string of diving is mended.Latent formula string is mended and is adopted this structure by its operation characteristic decision, and when the formula string benefit of diving was normally moved in system, bypass breaker S was in closing position, only after system breaks down, just drops into.If damping device D adopts the mode of connection of fixed series compensation, when normally moving in system so, damping device D connects in the line; Be equivalent to increase in the line impedance; Both increased the loss of system, unfavorable to system stable operation, bring problems such as noise again.
Mending typical structure below in conjunction with the latent formula string of embodiment and MOV+ gap protection shown in Figure 1 does further the present invention and sets forth in detail.
Tell about when reaching the external area error generation in the district operational mode that latent formula string provided by the invention is mended below in detail:
1, troubles inside the sample space
When in the district single-phase earthing fault taking place, after the faulty line tripping, the formula string of diving is mended non-fault and is dropped into mutually, and fault still keeps bypass mutually.After the formula string of diving is mended and is dropped into through certain hour (heavily throw the time greater than system, recommending running time is more than the 1.2s, but is no more than 2s), when system get into again stable after, the formula string of will diving is again mended and is withdrawed from.
When in the district two-phase or three phase short circuit fault taking place, the formula string of diving is mended and is kept bypass to be failure to actuate.
2, external area error
During the outer generation in district single-phase fault, the formula string of diving is mended and is kept bypass to be failure to actuate.
When outer generation two phases in district or three phase short circuit fault, after the faulty line tripping, the formula string of diving is mended three-phase and is all dropped into.
The formula string of diving is mended and is dropped into through certain hour (heavily throw the time greater than system, recommending running time is more than the 1.2s, but is no more than 2s), when system get into again stable after, the benefit of will go here and there again withdraws from.
Shown in Figure 8ly mend equivalent system diagram for the latent formula string of the present invention, the formula string of diving is mended LSC
1, LSC
2Be installed in circuit BL-CL double loop bus BL side, B
A-B1, B
B-C1ADeng the expression line-breaker, F1/F2/F3 representes circuit generation single-phase short circuit, line to line fault and three phase short circuit fault respectively.Wherein, it is troubles inside the sample space that the formula string of diving is mended LSC place line failure, and another of adjacent lines or double loop postbacks living fault and all be called external area error.Mend LSC with string
1As research object, LSC
1Place BL-CL line fault is troubles inside the sample space.LSC
2Place BL-CL line fault or AL-BL line fault are external area error.
For make the formula string of diving mend sooner, better in the cog region, external area error, differentiate the distance of abort situation, come into operation in due course, the formula string of diving is mended and is introduced the Fault Identification function.Adopt to dive line current coherent signal+place circuit that the formula string mends the place circuit of Fault Identification function is mended the line-breaker folding condition signal that the line-breaker folding condition signal+adjacent lines of end mends end near string and is judged whether to drop into the string benefit near string.Concrete Fault Identification divided for three steps carried out:
The first step: judge the circuit failed because:
If dive the formula string mend place line current instantaneous value greater than set point or line current slope greater than set point and line current instantaneous value greater than set point; Then judge the circuit failed because; Untie the formula string of diving and mend the bypass breaker locking, but keep bypass breaker closed, described set point is a value that is higher than the circuit rated current; Misoperation when the formula string benefit that prevents to dive is normally moved in system judges that the short trouble logic diagram is as shown in Figure 9.
In second step, judge that short trouble is troubles inside the sample space or external area error:
The formula string is mended place line-breaker action and is broken off if dive, and then judging short trouble is troubles inside the sample space; The formula string is mended the action of adjacent lines circuit breaker and is broken off if dive, and then judging short trouble is external area error.
The 3rd step: the formula string of diving is mended action:
A then operates the formula string of diving by following mode and mends if short trouble is a troubles inside the sample space:
The formula string is mended a phase circuit breaker tripping of place circuit if dive; Then send and distinguish interior single-phase fault alarm, and open the other two phase bypass breakers that the formula string of diving is mended, the latent mutually formula string benefit of non-fault is dropped into circuit; Be used to improve the stability of a system; The formula string of will diving once more after the time (the recommendation time is 1.2s) that process is set is mended bypass and is withdrawed from, and locking, and it is shown in figure 10 that district's latent formula string of interior single-phase fault is mended the action logic block diagram.
If heterogeneous fault warning in the district is then sent in the three-phase breaker tripping of latent formula string benefit place circuit, the formula string of diving is mended bypass breaker and is remained closed motionless and locking, and the latent formula string benefit of heterogeneous fault action logic block diagram is shown in figure 11 in the district.
If the b short trouble is an external area error, then operates the formula string of diving and mend by following mode:
If a phase circuit breaker tripping of certain adjacent lines is then sent and distinguished outer single-phase fault alarm, the formula string of diving is mended bypass breaker and is remained closed motionless and locking, and it is shown in figure 12 to distinguish the latent formula string benefit of outer single-phase fault action logic block diagram.
If the outer heterogeneous fault warning in district is then sent in the two-phase of this adjacent lines or three-phase breaker tripping, and opens the formula string of diving and mend the three-phase bypass breaker, the formula of will diving string is mended three-phase and is all dropped into circuit, is used to improve the stability of a system.It is closed to mend bypass breaker through the formula string of will diving once more after the time of setting (the recommendation time is 1.2s), and locking, and the formula string of diving is at this moment mended and withdrawed from, and it is shown in figure 13 that district's latent formula string of outer heterogeneous fault is mended the action logic block diagram.
In sum, latent formula string provided by the invention is mended the device operational mode and mended different with conventional string: when electric power system normally moved, the formula string of diving was mended device and is not dropped into (the formula string of promptly diving is mended and is in bypass condition); When short trouble took place, the formula string of diving was mended device and is detected short trouble, and according to different fault types; Adopt different modes to put in the circuit; Mend bypass through the formula string of will diving again after the regular hour (heavily throw the time greater than system, recommending running time is more than the 1.2s, but is no more than 2s).
When system break down and the faulty line tripping after, the series capacitor bank of non-fault line drops into circuit, has reduced line reactance; Increased electromagnetic power, the difference of electromagnetic power and original machine power is diminished, reduced load angle characteristic and quicken area; The quickening system receives the stabilized speed after the big disturbance, improves the transient stability of system, has crossed certain hour and (has heavily thrown the time greater than system; Recommending running time is more than the 1.2s; But be no more than 2s) after, the latent formula series capacitor compensation group of non-fault line is by bypass, and the formula string of diving is mended and is withdrawed from.
When system normally moves; The formula string of diving is mended and is in bypass condition, only behind short trouble generation and tripping circuit, just drops into very short a period of time (being no more than 2s); After with system's pull-in step again by bypass; And system need pass through the accumulation of certain hour and just can produce SSR, short then 2-3s of this time, long then 6-8s.The formula string of should diving is mended the transient stability that has improved system on the one hand, optimizes voltage along the line and distributes; Also removed the risk of subsynchronous resonance SSR on the other hand, this latent formula string is mended and can be used separately, also can recruit with the routine string and close use.
Should be noted that at last: above embodiment is only in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described but not to the restriction of its protection range; Although the present invention has been carried out detailed explanation with reference to the foregoing description; The those of ordinary skill in affiliated field is to be understood that: those skilled in the art still can carry out all changes, revise or be equal to replacement to the embodiment of application after reading the present invention; These changes, modification perhaps are equal to replacement, and it is all within the claim scope that its application is awaited the reply.