CN102436278A - Electric heater and control device thereof - Google Patents
Electric heater and control device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102436278A CN102436278A CN2011102467880A CN201110246788A CN102436278A CN 102436278 A CN102436278 A CN 102436278A CN 2011102467880 A CN2011102467880 A CN 2011102467880A CN 201110246788 A CN201110246788 A CN 201110246788A CN 102436278 A CN102436278 A CN 102436278A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electric heater and a control device thereof. The electric heater comprises a heating circuit, which is provided with positive or negative resistance temperature coefficient characteristics; and the control device, which further comprises a resistance detection circuit and a heating control circuit, wherein the resistance detection circuit is used for detecting the current resistance value of the heating circuit when the heating circuit works, and the heating control circuit is used for controlling the heating circuit to work according to the current resistance value of the heating circuit. Therefore, the electric heater disclosed by the invention can realize heating control by using the resistance characteristics of the electric heater, so as to ensure that the electric heater can work normally.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric heater, relate in particular to a kind of electric heater and control device thereof that adds heat control based on resistance detection.
Background technology
Conventional electric heater mainly adopts the mode of aiding sensors, such as thermistor, mechanical type temperature switch etc., comes parameters such as detecting sensor resistance or temperature, and then heating line is added heat control.Be subject to the factor such as sensitivity, life-span, reaction time, failure rate of sensor, the situation of control fails often occurs, cause the well heater cisco unity malfunction.
In addition, the characteristics of existing thick film electric heater heat up rapidly, according to the difference of power density, can reach the temperature of several Baidu in several seconds; The speed that heats up far surpasses the response time of moment sensor, thus the thick film electric heater Yin Wendu often to occur too high, burn out the situation of circuit.
Can know that to sum up existing electric heater obviously exists inconvenience and defective on reality is used, so be necessary to improve.
Summary of the invention
To above-mentioned defective, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of electric heater and control device thereof, it can utilize the resistance characteristic of self to realize adding heat control, to guarantee the electric heater operate as normal.
To achieve these goals, the present invention provides a kind of electric heater, includes:
Heater circuit has plus or minus temperature-coefficient of electrical resistance characteristic;
Control device further comprises resistance detecting circuit and heating control circuit:
Said resistance detecting circuit is used for when said heater circuit is worked, detecting the current resistance value of said heater circuit;
Said heating control circuit is used for the current resistance value according to said heater circuit, controls said heater circuit work.
According to electric heater of the present invention, said heater circuit has the positive temperature coefficient characteristic;
When the current resistance value that detects said heater circuit when said resistance detecting circuit was higher than first reservation threshold, said heating control circuit broke off the power supply that is applied to said heater circuit;
When the current resistance value that detects said heater circuit when said resistance detecting circuit was lower than second reservation threshold, said heating control circuit closure was applied to the power supply of said heater circuit.
According to electric heater of the present invention, said heater circuit has the negative temperature coefficient of resistance characteristic;
When the current resistance value that detects said heater circuit when said resistance detecting circuit was lower than the 3rd reservation threshold, said heating control circuit broke off the power supply that is applied to said heater circuit;
When the current resistance value that detects said heater circuit when said resistance detecting circuit was higher than the 4th reservation threshold, said heating control circuit closure was applied to the power supply of said heater circuit.
According to electric heater of the present invention, said heater circuit has the positive temperature coefficient characteristic;
When the current resistance value that detects said heater circuit when said resistance detecting circuit was higher than at least one reservation threshold, said heating control circuit reduced the power output of said heater circuit;
When the current resistance value that detects said heater circuit when said resistance detecting circuit was lower than at least one reservation threshold, said heating control circuit improved the power output of said heater circuit.
According to electric heater of the present invention, said heater circuit has the negative temperature coefficient of resistance characteristic;
When the current resistance value that detects said heater circuit when said resistance detecting circuit was lower than at least one reservation threshold, said heating control circuit reduced the power output of said heater circuit;
When the current resistance value that detects said heater circuit when said resistance detecting circuit was higher than at least one reservation threshold, said heating control circuit improved the power output of said heater circuit.
According to electric heater of the present invention, said electric heater is a thick film heater.
According to electric heater of the present invention, said control device also comprises:
Control element is used for not conducting when alternating current is in predetermined band;
Pulsing circuit is used for when said alternating current is in the said predetermined band of not on-state, applying a pulse to said heater circuit;
Said resistance detecting circuit detects the current resistance value of said heater circuit through said pulse.
According to electric heater of the present invention, said control element is unidirectional control element, is used for conducting when said alternating current is in positive half-wave, and said alternating current is in not conducting when bearing half-wave;
Said control device also comprises zero cross detection circuit, is used for when said alternating current is crossed the first zero to negative half-wave by positive half-wave, detecting the said first zero;
Said pulsing circuit is used for detecting said alternating current when being in the said first zero at said zero cross detection circuit, applies a pulse to said heater circuit.
According to electric heater of the present invention, said control element is two-way control element, is used for not conducting when the said alternating current in some cycles is in a certain half-wave, and conducting when other half-waves of the said alternating current in some cycles;
Said control device also comprises zero cross detection circuit, is used for when the said alternating current in some cycles is crossed second zero point to not conducting half-wave by the conducting half-wave, detecting said second zero point;
Said pulsing circuit is used for detecting said alternating current when being in said second zero point at said zero cross detection circuit, applies a pulse to said heater circuit.
The present invention also provides a kind of control device of using said electric heater, and the heater circuit of said electric heater has plus or minus temperature-coefficient of electrical resistance characteristic, and said control device comprises:
Resistance detecting circuit is used for when said heater circuit is worked, detecting the current resistance value of said heater circuit;
Heating control circuit is used for the current resistance value according to said heater circuit, controls said heater circuit work.
The present invention does not need additional sensor; But utilize the plus or minus temperature-coefficient of electrical resistance characteristic of heater circuit self; Detect the resistance change of heater circuit through resistance detecting circuit, realize the work control to heater circuit by heating control circuit according to said resistance change again, said work control is preferably the power supply that disconnection, closure are applied to heater circuit; Perhaps control the power output of electric heater, thus reach electric heater constant temperature, prevent the effect that dry combustion method damages.With respect to the control mode of existing aiding sensors, clear superiority such as that the heating controlling schemes of electric heater of the present invention has is highly sensitive, the life-span long, the reflection time is short, failure rate is low, thus can guarantee the electric heater operate as normal to greatest extent.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of electric heater of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the preferred thick film electric heater of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the control device of electric heater in the first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 A is the structural representation of the control device of electric heater in the second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 B is the alternating current synoptic diagram of electric heater in the second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 C is the logic control chart of electric heater in the second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 A is the structural representation of the control device of electric heater in the third embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 B is the alternating current synoptic diagram of electric heater in the third embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the graph of relation of the temperature and the resistance value of electric heater in the fourth embodiment of the invention; And
Fig. 7 is the duty curve map of electric heater in the fourth embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
In order to make the object of the invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer,, the present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explanation the present invention, and be not used in qualification the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows the structure of electric heater of the present invention, and said electric heater 100 mainly includes control device 10 and heater circuit 20, wherein:
Said control device 10 is connected in the whole working line of electric heater 100 with heater circuit 20, and electric heater 100 of the present invention can be applicable to multiple occasions such as liquid, gas, convective heating, radiation heating.And electric heater 100 of the present invention also can combine traditional sensors to work together, can reach better effect.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the preferred thick film electric heater of the present invention, and said thick film electric heater 100 also comprises the substrate 30, the electrode ejector 40 that are used to carry heater circuit 20 except comprising control device 10 and heater circuit 20.In the present embodiment substrate 30 be shaped as disc, substrate 30 also can be different shapes such as square, polygon, tubulose certainly.The substrate 30 of thick film electric heater 100 can be that materials such as stainless steel, pottery, devitrified glass are processed, and stainless steel substrate increases insulation course therein above the substrate, and heater circuit 20 is laid in above the insulation course.The control device 10 of this thick film electric heater 100 adopts little power consumption high precision IC (Integrated Circuit, integrated circuit) control, and very burst pulse power supply is adopted in the IC power supply, and it is little to have a standby current, characteristics such as little power consumption.Through test of many times, this thick film electric heater 100 is specially adapted to the fluid heating; When heating, produce local temperature protection too high, local dry burning and compare, have remarkable advantages with the traditional protection device for fluid.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the control device of electric heater in the first embodiment of the invention, and said control device 10 comprises:
Fig. 4 A is the structural representation of the control device of electric heater in the second embodiment of the invention; Said electric heater 100 adopts the thick film electric heater; Said control element 13 adopts unidirectional control element 131; Said unidirectional control element 131 is used for conducting when alternating current is in positive half-wave, and alternating current is in not conducting when bearing half-wave.This unidirectional control element 131 is preferably one-way SCR, utilizes one-way SCR as switching tube, and it is fast to have switching speed, noncontacting switch, characteristics such as life-span length.
Pulsing circuit 14 is used for detecting alternating current when being in the first zero at zero cross detection circuit 15, applies a pulse to heater circuit 20.
The principle of work of above-mentioned second embodiment is: shown in Fig. 4 B and Fig. 4 C; Civil power (220V alternating current) input electric heater 100, when alternating current is in positive half-wave, unidirectional control element 131 conductings; Electric heater 100 work; When alternating current is in negative half-wave, unidirectional control element 131 not conductings, be the measuring resistance time this moment.When alternating current is extremely born half-wave by the positive half-wave zero crossing; Adopt zero cross detection circuit 15 to detect alternating current zero point, detect zero point after, apply a pulse for heater circuit 20 through the accessory power supply of circuit board; Then preferably adopt bridge circuit to measure the resistance of heater circuit 20; And compare judgement with the value that presets, if be higher or lower than predetermined resistance, can break off or the closed power supply that be applied to heater circuit 20 through on-off element.
Fig. 5 A is the structural representation of the control device of electric heater in the third embodiment of the invention; Said electric heater 100 adopts the thick film electric heater; Said control element 13 adopts two-way control element 132; This two-way control element 132 is used for not conducting when the alternating current in some cycles is in a certain half-wave, and conducting when other half-waves of the alternating current in some cycles.
Pulsing circuit 14 is used for detecting alternating current when being in for second zero point at zero cross detection circuit 15, applies a pulse to heater circuit 20.
The principle of work of above-mentioned the 3rd embodiment is: adopt zero cross detection circuit 15 to detect the zero point of alternating current; Shown in Fig. 5 B, in several cycles at zero point, an intermittence ground triggers two-way control element 132 conductings; In the half-wave of not conducting; Apply a pulse for heater circuit 20 through the accessory power supply of circuit board, preferably adopt bridge circuit to measure the resistance of heater circuit 20, can also detect the resistance of heater circuit 20 certainly through additive method; And compare judgement with the value that presets.
Certainly, the present invention can also adopt other other methods to measure the resistance of heater circuit 20, applies pulse for heater circuit 20, but utilizes the resistance characteristic of heater circuit 20, calculates through usual manner.For example, said resistance detecting circuit 11 can further comprise: the voltage detecting electronic circuit is used to detect the current magnitude of voltage of heater circuit 20; The current detecting electronic circuit is used to detect the current current value of heater circuit 20; The resistance calculations electronic circuit is used for the current magnitude of voltage of the heater circuit 20 current current value divided by heater circuit 20 is calculated the current resistance value of heater circuit 20.Specifically can adopt voltammetry, bridge circuit, half deflection method, Equivalent Method, branch platen press, computing method of formula etc., repeat no more here.
In fourth embodiment of the invention, heater circuit 20 has the positive temperature coefficient characteristic.The current resistance value that detects heater circuit 20 when resistance detecting circuit 11 is higher than first reservation threshold, and (predetermined value is a) time, and heating control circuit 12 breaks off the power supply that is applied to heater circuit 20.When the current resistance value that detects heater circuit 20 when resistance detecting circuit 11 was lower than second reservation threshold (predetermined value b), heating control circuit 12 closures were applied to the power supply of heater circuit 20.When having electric heater 100 operate as normal of positive temperature coefficient; It is big that the resistance value of heater circuit 20 can become along with the rising of temperature; When the resistance value that detects heater circuit 20 when control device 10 is higher than predetermined value a; Control device 10 switch inside are broken off the power supply of heater circuit 20, and this moment, electric heater 100 quit work; Because the self-radiating of electric heater 100 or the heat absorption of heating object; The temperature of heater circuit 20 will reduce gradually; The resistance of heater circuit 20 also decreases; When the resistance value that detects heater circuit 20 when control device 10 is lower than predetermined value b, the power supply of the closed heater circuit 20 of control device 10 switch inside, this moment, electric heater 100 was started working; Therefore electric heater 100 breaks off circularly, heats between predetermined value a and b.
Preventing that the field that electric heater 100 dry combustion methods damage is fashionable, for example liquid electric heater; Suppose that electric heater 100 operate as normal resistance values are c, the resistance value c with the value of predetermined value a during greater than electric heater 100 operate as normal, predetermined value b is less than the resistance value c of electric heater 100 operate as normal; When being a＞c＞b, the electric heater 100 of this moment under normal circumstances all is in normal duty.When liquid dryouies or part when dryouting, electric heater 100 is in very normal condition, the rising of the resistance Yin Wendu of this moment and raising; When reaching predetermined value a, control device 10 breaks off heater circuit 20, and electric heater 100 quits work; Prevented that electric heater 100 is too high because of temperature, caused damaging.
Requiring the fashionable of electric heater 100 constant temperature, suppose that the corresponding resistance value of electric heater 100 constant temperature is c, when the difference of c and a and b quite less than the time, electric heater 100 is understood and within the temperature range that requires, broken off circularly, heat; It is consistent to reach the maintenance temperature, plays the purpose of constant temperature.(predetermined value a＞b)
For example; One thick film electric heater 100; Normal temperature heater circuit 20 resistance values (T1=25 ℃) are R1=20 Ω, the TCR=1500PPM of heater circuit 20, and electric heater 100 serviceability temperatures are that the T2=350 ℃ of resistance value when electric heater 100 operate as normal is: R2=29.75 Ω;
R
2=R
1+ R
1* (T
2-T
1) * a (a is a temperature-coefficient of electrical resistance)
After electric heater 100 energisings, electric heater 100 is started working, and the temperature of heater circuit 20 raises gradually, and after a period of time, temperature reaches 350 degree, and this moment, the resistance value of heater circuit 20 reached 29.75 Ω; After control device 10 detects these data, break off the power supply of heater circuit 20 immediately, electric heater 100 quits work; Heater circuit 20 resistance values begin to descend, when the resistance value that detects heater circuit 20 when control device 10 reaches 28.0 Ω, and the power supply of instant closed heater circuit 20, electric heater 100 is started working, and is as shown in Figure 6.
Represent the work of electric heater 100 and stop with the power of electric heater 100 and time; The WV of electric heater 100 is example with 220VAC; Heater circuit 20 is warmed up to 350 ℃ of time t1 from 25 ℃ of normal temperature, and electric heater 100 is t2 from the cut-in time that quits work, and is as shown in Figure 7.
In fifth embodiment of the invention, heater circuit 20 has the negative temperature coefficient of resistance characteristic.When the current resistance value that detects heater circuit 20 when resistance detecting circuit 11 was lower than the 3rd reservation threshold (predetermined value d), heating control circuit 12 broke off the power supply that is applied to heater circuit 20; When the current resistance value that detects heater circuit 20 when resistance detecting circuit 11 was higher than the 4th reservation threshold (predetermined value e), heating control circuit 12 closures were applied to the power supply of heater circuit 20.When having electric heater 100 work of negative temperature coefficient of resistance; The resistance value of heater circuit 20 can diminish along with the rising of temperature; When the resistance value that detects heater circuit 20 when control device 10 is lower than predetermined value d; Control device 10 switch inside are broken off the power supply of heater circuit 20, and electric heater 100 quits work; Because the self-radiating of electric heater 100 or the heat absorption of heating object; The temperature of heater circuit 20 will reduce gradually; And the resistance value of heater circuit 20 can increase; When the resistance value that detects heater circuit 20 when control device 10 is higher than predetermined value e, the power supply of the closed heater circuit 20 of control device 10 switch inside, electric heater 100 is started working; Therefore electric heater 100 breaks off circularly, heats between predetermined value d and e.
Preventing that the field that electric heater 100 dry combustion methods damage is fashionable, for example liquid electric heater 100; Suppose that electric heater 100 operate as normal resistance values are c, the resistance value c with the value of predetermined value d during less than electric heater 100 operate as normal, predetermined value e is greater than the resistance value c of electric heater 100 operate as normal; When being e＞c＞d, the electric heater 100 of this moment under normal circumstances all is in normal duty.When liquid dryouies or partly dryout; Electric heater 100 is in very normal condition, this moment resistance Yin Wendu rising and reduce, when reaching predetermined value d; Control device 10 breaks off electric heater 100 circuits; Electric heater 100 quits work, and has prevented that electric heater 100 is too high because of temperature, causes damaging.
Requiring the fashionable of electric heater 100 constant temperature, suppose that the corresponding resistance value of electric heater 100 constant temperature is c, when the difference of c and d and e quite less than the time, electric heater 100 is understood and within the temperature range that requires, broken off circularly, heat; It is consistent to reach the maintenance temperature, plays the purpose of constant temperature.
In sixth embodiment of the invention, heater circuit 20 has the positive temperature coefficient characteristic.When the current resistance value that detects heater circuit 20 when resistance detecting circuit 11 was higher than at least one reservation threshold, heating control circuit 12 reduced the power output of heater circuits 20; When the current resistance value that detects heater circuit 20 when resistance detecting circuit 11 was lower than at least one reservation threshold, heating control circuit 12 improved the power output of heater circuits 20, reaches the temperature of expection up to electric heater 100.
In seventh embodiment of the invention, heater circuit 20 has the negative temperature coefficient of resistance characteristic.When the current resistance value that detects heater circuit 20 when resistance detecting circuit 11 was lower than at least one reservation threshold, heating control circuit 12 reduced the power output of heater circuits 20; When the current resistance value that detects heater circuit 20 when resistance detecting circuit 11 was higher than at least one reservation threshold, heating control circuit 12 improved the power output of heater circuits 20, reaches the temperature of expection up to electric heater 100.
In sum; The present invention does not need additional sensor; But utilize the plus or minus temperature-coefficient of electrical resistance characteristic of heater circuit self; Detect the resistance change of heater circuit through resistance detecting circuit, realize the work control to heater circuit by heating control circuit according to said resistance change again, said work control is preferably the power supply that disconnection, closure are applied to heater circuit; Perhaps control the power output of electric heater, thus reach electric heater constant temperature, prevent the effect that dry combustion method damages.With respect to the control mode of existing aiding sensors, clear superiority such as that the heating controlling schemes of electric heater of the present invention has is highly sensitive, the life-span long, the reflection time is short, failure rate is low, thus can guarantee the electric heater operate as normal to greatest extent.
Certainly; The present invention also can have other various embodiments; Under the situation that does not deviate from spirit of the present invention and essence thereof; Those of ordinary skill in the art work as can make various corresponding changes and distortion according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes and distortion all should belong to the protection domain of the appended claim of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an electric heater is characterized in that, includes:
Heater circuit has plus or minus temperature-coefficient of electrical resistance characteristic;
Control device further comprises resistance detecting circuit and heating control circuit:
Said resistance detecting circuit is used for when said heater circuit is worked, detecting the current resistance value of said heater circuit;
Said heating control circuit is used for the current resistance value according to said heater circuit, controls said heater circuit work.
2. electric heater according to claim 1 is characterized in that said heater circuit has the positive temperature coefficient characteristic;
When the current resistance value that detects said heater circuit when said resistance detecting circuit was higher than first reservation threshold, said heating control circuit broke off the power supply that is applied to said heater circuit;
When the current resistance value that detects said heater circuit when said resistance detecting circuit was lower than second reservation threshold, said heating control circuit closure was applied to the power supply of said heater circuit.
3. electric heater according to claim 1 is characterized in that said heater circuit has the negative temperature coefficient of resistance characteristic;
When the current resistance value that detects said heater circuit when said resistance detecting circuit was lower than the 3rd reservation threshold, said heating control circuit broke off the power supply that is applied to said heater circuit;
When the current resistance value that detects said heater circuit when said resistance detecting circuit was higher than the 4th reservation threshold, said heating control circuit closure was applied to the power supply of said heater circuit.
4. electric heater according to claim 1 is characterized in that said heater circuit has the positive temperature coefficient characteristic;
When the current resistance value that detects said heater circuit when said resistance detecting circuit was higher than at least one reservation threshold, said heating control circuit reduced the power output of said heater circuit;
When the current resistance value that detects said heater circuit when said resistance detecting circuit was lower than at least one reservation threshold, said heating control circuit improved the power output of said heater circuit.
5. electric heater according to claim 1 is characterized in that said heater circuit has the negative temperature coefficient of resistance characteristic;
When the current resistance value that detects said heater circuit when said resistance detecting circuit was lower than at least one reservation threshold, said heating control circuit reduced the power output of said heater circuit;
When the current resistance value that detects said heater circuit when said resistance detecting circuit was higher than at least one reservation threshold, said heating control circuit improved the power output of said heater circuit.
6. electric heater according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said electric heater is a thick film heater.
7. electric heater according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said control device also comprises:
Control element is used for not conducting when alternating current is in predetermined band;
Pulsing circuit is used for when said alternating current is in the said predetermined band of not on-state, applying a pulse to said heater circuit;
Said resistance detecting circuit detects the current resistance value of said heater circuit through said pulse.
8. electric heater according to claim 7 is characterized in that said control element is unidirectional control element, is used for conducting when said alternating current is in positive half-wave, and said alternating current is in not conducting when bearing half-wave;
Said control device also comprises zero cross detection circuit, is used for when said alternating current is crossed the first zero to negative half-wave by positive half-wave, detecting the said first zero;
Said pulsing circuit is used for detecting said alternating current when being in the said first zero at said zero cross detection circuit, applies a pulse to said heater circuit.
9. electric heater according to claim 7 is characterized in that said control element is two-way control element, is used for not conducting when the said alternating current in some cycles is in a certain half-wave, and conducting when other half-waves of the said alternating current in some cycles;
Said control device also comprises zero cross detection circuit, is used for when the said alternating current in some cycles is crossed second zero point to not conducting half-wave by the conducting half-wave, detecting said second zero point;
Said pulsing circuit is used for detecting said alternating current when being in said second zero point at said zero cross detection circuit, applies a pulse to said heater circuit.
10. control device that is applied to like each said electric heater of claim 1～9, the heater circuit of said electric heater has plus or minus temperature-coefficient of electrical resistance characteristic, it is characterized in that, and said control device comprises:
Resistance detecting circuit is used for when said heater circuit is worked, detecting the current resistance value of said heater circuit;
Heating control circuit is used for the current resistance value according to said heater circuit, controls said heater circuit work.
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| CN2011102467880A CN102436278A (en) | 2011-08-24 | 2011-08-24 | Electric heater and control device thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011102467880A CN102436278A (en) | 2011-08-24 | 2011-08-24 | Electric heater and control device thereof |
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| CN104142698A (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2014-11-12 | 苏州宏瑞净化科技有限公司 | Temperature controller |
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| CN103114279A (en) * | 2013-03-06 | 2013-05-22 | 光达光电设备科技（嘉兴）有限公司 | Monitoring device, monitoring method and vapour deposition equipment |
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| CN109001537B (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2023-12-26 | 株洲利德英可电子科技有限公司 | Device for determining resistance value of thick film heating element |
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Application publication date: 20120502 |