CN102435497B - Rock landslip waterpower starting indoor simulation test method - Google Patents
Rock landslip waterpower starting indoor simulation test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102435497B CN102435497B CN 201110274713 CN201110274713A CN102435497B CN 102435497 B CN102435497 B CN 102435497B CN 201110274713 CN201110274713 CN 201110274713 CN 201110274713 A CN201110274713 A CN 201110274713A CN 102435497 B CN102435497 B CN 102435497B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rock landslip waterpower starting indoor simulation test method, which belongs to the field of geology calamity forecast technology. The method includes the following steps: a rock test piece containing a real potential slip surface is fetched; the potential slip surface is regarded as the boundary; upper and lower rocks are respectively filled into a sample frame and a sample box, and a cement and a mortar are filled into the sample frame and the sample box; component forces of the gravity parallel to the slip surface and vertical to the slip surface of a simulation landslip leading edge part to be simulated are regarded as the transverse load initial value and the vertical load initial value; the water pressure of underground water in a slope to a potential slip body in reality is replaced by maintenance of the transverse load and reduction of vertical load value on the potential slip surface; when the displacement rates of the upper sample frame of the rock test piece and an upper rock of the potential slip surface solidified in the frame relative to the potential slip surface are suddenly increased and continuously increased, the landslip is already started, meanwhile the accumulation minimizing amount of vertical load value is equal to the water head height value, that is the starting water head value of the simulation rock landslip. The method can relatively accurately discover the impending landslip state of rock slope.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the rock matter landslide modelling technique of geological disaster forecasting technical field, relate in particular to the modelling technique that breed start-up course of rock matter landslide under gravity and groundwater pressure effect.
Background technology
People were when carrying out rock matter landslide simulation laboratory test in the past, to get rock-like at gliding mass first mostly, indoor sample processing is processed into cylindrical or square, it is carried out the physical and mechanical parameter test, then as the basis test parameters is scaled to analog parameter take the principle of similitude, chooses ground barium sulfate, gesso, paraffin oil, talcum powder etc. fit in the equivalent material simulating landslide by different proportion destructive process.Referring to " the geomechanical model of Qianjiangping landslide, Three Gorges Reservoir experimental study " of " Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering " the 5th phase of the 29th volume, " research of reservoir area of Three Gorges Zhao Shuling Landslide Stability physical simulation experiment " of " Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering " the 12nd phase of the 24th volume.In this simulation process, the test parameters of rock mass is dwindled in " similar " ratio, and other suffered external force of rock-mass quality, gravity or rock mass also is to dwindle in " similar " ratio.The less than one of this analogy method is the homogeny that is difficult to guarantee various parameters (such as quality) minification; The 2nd, changed the material of character and the external force of having dwindled between mechanism and process of deformation and failure it is hard to tell that it also has the architectural feature of prototype and can reflect the real process of Rock Mass; The 3rd, this class model is tested often more complicated, and is time-consuming bothersome.We study in the past data and a large amount of open-air on-site inspection discovery by collection, generation and the groundwater pressure on rock matter landslide are in close relations, and aforesaid this analogy method is the simulation of the destructive process after rock matter landslide is occured, and can not simulate the mutual relationship that breeds start-up course and various outer acting force (especially water pressure) on rock matter landslide.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art, provide a kind of can simulate rock matter landslide occur before and the test method of the rock mass when starting and the mutual relationship of outer acting force (mainly being water pressure), the true mechanical relationship of the water pressure in front Slope Rock Mass and the slope body occurs with reflection rock matter landslide.
Rock matter landslide waterpower starts the lab simulation test method, and its step is as follows:
1., take at the scene and the rock matter simulated landslide prototype sliding surface identical, the rock sample that contains the sliding surface of diving in layer position, rock stratum up and down, and latent sliding surface up and down sillar keep certain thickness,
2., the rock sample that contains the sliding surface of diving of the scene being taked is take " sliding surface of diving " as the boundary, its underpart sillar is packed in the sample box, fill up slit between bottom sillar and the sample box with sand-cement slurry, its top sillar is packed in the sample frame, fill up slit between top sillar and the sample frame with sand-cement slurry, and pave top sillar end face with fine sand
3., place it on the base support of testing equipment after 2. the rock sample of gained solidifies until step, the front bottom end of lower specimen box is spacing fixing, front end at the upper sample frame is installed detector for displacement measuring, the vertical load pressure plate of testing equipment contacts with the fine sand plane gross area at rock sample top, the contact of lateral load pressure plate gross area is in the rear end of upper sample frame
4., the gravity that calculates the leading edge position, landslide that the simulated component on parallel sliding surface and vertical sliding surface, corresponding initial value as the lateral load in the simulation test pressure process and vertical load respectively,
5., starting characteristics test equipment, apply the vertical load initial value by the vertical load pressure plate to the test specimen top, by the rear end of lateral load pressure plate by the upper sample frame top sillar of the sliding surface of diving is applied the lateral load initial value, adjust the initial value of detector for displacement measuring, the initial value of record load and displacement
6., keep lateral load constant, reduce step by step vertical load, whenever reduce the one-level vertical load and stablize a period of time, record the shift value under the corresponding different vertical load,
7., when vertical load is reduced to a certain quantitative value, upper sample frame and the rate of displacement that is set in the latent sliding surface top sillar in the frame increase suddenly and continue to increase with respect to latent sliding surface, show that the landslide starts, record vertical load value, calculate the accumulation reduction of vertical load value, water flowing rate in conjunction with the latent sliding surface of the landslide Test in Situ that simulated is converted into head height, and this numerical value is the startup head value of landslide under gravity and groundwater pressure effect of simulating.
Waterpower starts in the lab simulation test method on rock matter of the present invention landslide, rock sample is that layer position, rock stratum is identical up and down with the rock matter landslide prototype sliding surface of simulating, the basement rock block that contains the true sliding surface of diving, take " sliding surface of diving " as the boundary, on it, lower sillar is respectively charged in sample frame and the sample box, and the latent sliding surface of rock sample exposes, keep state of nature to reserve sliding space, with sand-cement slurry filling rock sample and sample frame, slit between the sample box, and pave the test specimen end face with fine sand, with the restraint condition around the simulated field rock mass, and can guarantee that rock sample is stressed evenly in simulation test pressure process; Lateral load and the initial value of vertical load are to get with component calculating on the vertical sliding surface at parallel sliding surface according to the gravity at the leading edge position, landslide of wish simulation so that act on size, direction and the distribution situation of the horizontal and vertical load on this latent sliding surface and the landslide prototype simulated basic identical.Keep lateral load constant, replace in the reality in the body of slope underground water to the water pressure of the gliding mass of diving by reducing to act on the vertical load value (normal stress) of diving on the sliding surface, when vertical load is reduced to a certain quantitative value, the upper sample frame of rock sample and the rate of displacement that is set in the latent sliding surface top sillar in the frame increase suddenly and continue to increase with respect to latent sliding surface, show that namely the landslide starts, calculate the accumulation reduction of vertical load value this moment, water flowing rate in conjunction with the latent sliding surface of the landslide Test in Situ that simulated, be converted into head height, this numerical value is the startup head value of landslide under gravity and groundwater pressure effect of simulating, breed and start-up course with this waterpower that reaches simulation rock matter landslide, thereby reflected that the true mechanical relationship of the water pressure in front Slope Rock Mass and the slope body occurs on the landslide.
The advantage of this method is simulation process image, true to nature, has improved specific aim and the accuracy of simulation, and test findings is with a high credibility, and simple, saves time and saves trouble.The degree of closeness of the startup head value that draws according to Monitoring Data and the simulation test at scene just can judge whether and can come down, thereby makes the forecasting and warning of different brackets.This method can be judged the security on slope easily and effectively, finds comparatively exactly sliding state of facing of slope, thereby reduces the loss that landslide disaster brings.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of this simulation experiment method
Embodiment
1., embody the rock sample that latent sliding surface is taked to contain in the field on one rock matter slope, institute high eyebrow base, middle iron southwest, the long 39cm of test specimen, wide 29cm, latent upper and lower each 10cm of sillar thickness of sliding surface.
2., referring to Fig. 1, the rock sample that the scene is obtained is take the sliding surface 10 of diving as the boundary, its underpart sillar 9 is packed in the sample box 2, fill up slit between sillar and the sample box with sand-cement slurry 13, its top sillar 8 is packed in the sample frame 1, fill up slit between sillar and the sample frame with sand-cement slurry 13, pave the test specimen end face with fine sand.
3., place it on the base support 3 of testing equipment after 2. the rock sample of gained solidifies until step, lower specimen box 2 front bottom end limit with the positive stop 4 that is fixed on the base support 3, front end at upper sample frame 1 is installed detector for displacement measuring 5, in order to measure the displacement of the sliding surface top sillar of diving in the process of the test.The vertical load pressure plate 6 of testing equipment contacts with the fine sand plane gross area at rock sample top, and the contact of lateral load pressure plate 7 gross areas is in the rear end of upper sample frame 1.
4., the gravity that calculates overlying strata body on the rock sample sample position is respectively 0.0633kN and 0.2215kN at parallel sliding surface with component on the vertical sliding surface, with the corresponding initial value as the lateral load that in the simulation test pressure process rock sample is applied and vertical load of this value.
5., starting characteristics test equipment, clockwise rotate vertical load pressure rod 11, apply vertical load initial value 0.2215kN, clockwise rotate lateral load pressure rod 12 by 6 pairs of rock sample tops of vertical load pressure plate, by the rear end of lateral load pressure plate 7 by upper sample frame 1 the top sillar 8 of the sliding surface of diving is applied lateral load initial value 0.0633kN, the initial value of adjusting detector for displacement measuring 5 is zero.Certainly, also can adopt other modes such as hydraulic pressure and so on to apply lateral load and vertical load.
6., keep lateral load 0.0633kN constant, every grade of vertical load reduces 0.002kN and stablized one minute, records the shift value under the corresponding different vertical load.
7., when keeping lateral load constant, when vertical load was reduced to 0.1992kN, the dive rate of displacement of top sillar 8 of sliding surface 10 of rock sample increased suddenly and continues to increase, and shows that the landslide starts.The accumulation reduction of the vertical load of this moment is 0.0223kN, considers that according to the sampling on-site actual situations latent sliding surface water flowing rate is 18%, and being converted into the startup head is 10.32m.This numerical value is the startup head value of gliding mass under gravity and groundwater pressure effect of diving.
According to above-mentioned test findings, at the latent gliding mass of rock mass conduct of a 1m * 1m of sampling digging in-situ, dive gliding mass both sides and rear portion are rammed with clay and are filled out sealing to simulate boundary of landslide.Startup head value through this latent gliding mass that converts is 86.0m.In the waterflood pump water filling of the rear portion of this latent gliding mass, and in the anterior setting pressure table measurement of latent gliding mass water pressure, when measured value was equivalent to the 90.5m head, the landslide started.The trial value of this actual startup head value and this method approaches, and proves that the conclusion of the method is suitable for practical application.Actual value is slightly larger than trial value, may take, the sliding surface of diving had due to some disturbing influences in the transportation for the rock sample got.On the other hand, clay rams to fill out the suffered side-friction force of gliding mass of diving is artificially strengthened, and therefore actual landslide startup head value can be more approaching with trial value a little less than actual value.Content to retain sovereignty over a part of the country complete as the landslide early-warning and predicting with trial value.
Claims (1)
1. rock matter landslide waterpower starts the lab simulation test method, it is characterized in that described method step is as follows:
1., take at the scene and the rock matter simulated landslide prototype sliding surface identical, the rock sample that contains the sliding surface of diving in layer position, rock stratum up and down, and latent sliding surface up and down sillar keep certain thickness,
2., the rock sample that contains the sliding surface of diving of the scene being taked is take " sliding surface of diving " as the boundary, its underpart sillar is packed in the sample box, fill up slit between bottom sillar and the sample box with sand-cement slurry, its top sillar is packed in the sample frame, fill up slit between top sillar and the sample frame with sand-cement slurry, and pave top sillar end face with fine sand
3., place it on the base support of testing equipment after 2. the rock sample of gained solidifies until step, the front bottom end of lower specimen box is spacing fixing, front end at the upper sample frame is installed detector for displacement measuring, the vertical load pressure plate of testing equipment contacts with the fine sand plane gross area at rock sample top, the contact of lateral load pressure plate gross area is in the rear end of upper sample frame
4., the gravity that calculates the leading edge position, landslide that the simulated component on parallel sliding surface and vertical sliding surface, corresponding initial value as the lateral load in the simulation test pressure process and vertical load respectively,
5., starting characteristics test equipment, apply the vertical load initial value by the vertical load pressure plate to the test specimen top, by the rear end of lateral load pressure plate by the upper sample frame top sillar of the sliding surface of diving is applied the lateral load initial value, adjust the initial value of detector for displacement measuring, the initial value of record load and displacement
6., keep lateral load constant, reduce step by step vertical load, whenever reduce the one-level vertical load and stablize a period of time, record the shift value under the corresponding different vertical load,
7., when vertical load is reduced to a certain quantitative value, upper sample frame and the rate of displacement that is set in the latent sliding surface top sillar in the frame increase suddenly and continue to increase with respect to latent sliding surface, show that the landslide starts, record vertical load value, calculate the accumulation reduction of vertical load value, water flowing rate in conjunction with the latent sliding surface of the landslide Test in Situ that simulated is converted into head height, and this head height is the startup head value of landslide under gravity and groundwater pressure effect of simulating.
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| CN104200732A (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2014-12-10 | 广东省水利水电科学研究院 | Landslip simulation and control system for slip masses |
| CN105866024B (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2018-09-18 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of coefficient of kinetic friction measurement device of the lower rock mass ultra-low friction effect of osmotic pressure effect |
| CN105865910B (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2018-08-17 | 湖南大学 | A kind of slope structure face of rock quality flowing pressure simulated testing system |
| CN107942038B (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2023-09-08 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Side slope support model test system and test method |
| CN114509558A (en) * | 2022-02-15 | 2022-05-17 | 四川大学 | Testing device with locking section landslide river-blocking dam-forming mechanism, control method and application |
| CN114994751B (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2023-01-31 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Coal mine microseismic signal identification and classification method based on model experiment |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2312454Y (en) * | 1997-09-24 | 1999-03-31 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Centralizing type and column shaped indirect rock sample traction testing device |
| CN1580767A (en) * | 2004-05-18 | 2005-02-16 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Water induced land slide simulated test method |
| CN1584542A (en) * | 2004-05-28 | 2005-02-23 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Analogic testing device for water induced landslide and method for monitoring shift of land top surface |
| CN101609158A (en) * | 2009-07-17 | 2009-12-23 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Leading sliding force physical simulation experiment method and device come down |
| CN101839714A (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2010-09-22 | 重庆大学 | Landslide simulation experimental device |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2312454Y (en) * | 1997-09-24 | 1999-03-31 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Centralizing type and column shaped indirect rock sample traction testing device |
| CN1580767A (en) * | 2004-05-18 | 2005-02-16 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Water induced land slide simulated test method |
| CN1584542A (en) * | 2004-05-28 | 2005-02-23 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Analogic testing device for water induced landslide and method for monitoring shift of land top surface |
| CN101609158A (en) * | 2009-07-17 | 2009-12-23 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Leading sliding force physical simulation experiment method and device come down |
| CN101839714A (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2010-09-22 | 重庆大学 | Landslide simulation experimental device |
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