CN102435176B - Device and method for measuring response to fluctuating pressure of wind generated wave lakebed of shallow lake - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring response to fluctuating pressure of wind generated wave lakebed of shallow lake Download PDFInfo
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- CN102435176B CN102435176B CN 201110359102 CN201110359102A CN102435176B CN 102435176 B CN102435176 B CN 102435176B CN 201110359102 CN201110359102 CN 201110359102 CN 201110359102 A CN201110359102 A CN 201110359102A CN 102435176 B CN102435176 B CN 102435176B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for measuring response to fluctuating pressure of a wind generated wave lakebed of a shallow lake. The device comprises a pressure sensor, a gas guide cable, a fixing bracket, a movable bracket, an upright post with scales, an acquisition card and a voltage stabilized direct-current source, wherein the pressure sensor is fixed at one end of the movable bracket; the other end of the movable bracket is fixed on the fixed bracket through a sleeve; the fixed bracket is fixed to a bed surface to be tested through a base plate; the bottom of the vertically moving upright post with the scales is fixed to the movable bracket; the pressure sensor is connected with the voltage stabilized direct-current source and the acquisition card through the gas guide cable; and the acquisition card is connected to a computer. The device can acquire 64,000 pressure data maximally in one second, and can accurately acquire the fluctuating pressure of wind generated waves.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is the measuring technique of a kind of water conservancy and water environment field of engineering technology, specifically a kind of measurement mechanism and method of fluctuating pressure of wind generated wave lakebed of shallow lake response.
Background technology
Stormy waves is wind-induced wave, and wind is to the water surface, and with the lake water friction, lake water is subject to wind action, ballooning, and the water surface begins to rise and fall, and forms wave.In shallow lake, because the depth of water is more shallow, stormy waves can have a huge impact for the bottom bed surface.From showing as the response that can have fluctuation pressure at the bottom in form, this fluctuation pressure is kicked up for underwater sediment outstanding movingly has very large impact, the pulsatile change of pressure to cause water body muddy, deteriorating water quality.Therefore, measure accurately this fluctuation pressure for research lake sediment movement, improve lake water quality and all have very important significance.
For the measurement of pressure, general adopts pressure sensor during its work is converted to pressure electric signal output.Pressure transducer generally is comprised of elastic sensing element and displacement sensitive element (or strainometer).The effect of elastic sensing element is to make tested pressure-acting on certain area and be converted to displacement or strain, then is converted to by displacement sensitive element or strainometer the electric signal that becomes certain relation with pressure.
Find by prior art documents: China Patent Publication No. CN1537222, open day: 2004.10.13, put down in writing a kind of " pressure converter ", it is characterized in that not being vulnerable to the interference that hydraulic pressure imports the error of position or places the depth of water, can access the signal accurate corresponding with effective soil pressure, in the space that is clamped between two rigid plate of bearing soil pressure, filtrator is installed, hydraulic pressure is had an effect, and the sand pressure is inoperative.But its shortcoming is, this equipment can't be used for measuring the shallow lake lakebed fluctuation pressure that causes of wave humorously, and structure is comparatively complicated, and volume is larger, is inconvenient to carry.
Another one patent related to the present invention is, China Patent Publication No. CN101718605A, open day: 2010.06.02, put down in writing a kind of " water pressure sensor and measuring method in Measurement of Dam, bottom, rivers and lakes soil ", it is characterized in that the water in soil enters pressure chamber from the infiltration mouthful natural pelelith permeable membrane of process, the effect of water pressure of process infiltration is on the 316L of Silicon pressure core body stainless steel diaphragm, and the Silicon pressure core body is experienced pressure and is converted into electric signal output; The electric signal transmission of Silicon pressure core body output amplifies on disposable plates to electric signal, becomes electric current 4～20mA signal through electric signal amplification and voltage transitions; 4～20mA current signal is transferred to the control sampler chamber through output cable.Although the described technology of this patent can be measured the seepage pressure of inside soil body, but owing to lacking the critical components such as built-in anti-radio frequency, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI) circuit, the shallow lake lakebed fluctuation pressure that causes of wave humorously can't be measured, and the depth of water of measured place can't be determined accurately.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to existing pressure measurement method above shortcomings, a kind of measurement mechanism and method of fluctuating pressure of wind generated wave lakebed of shallow lake response is provided, can collect accurately the fluctuation pressure of wave humorously.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The measurement mechanism of fluctuating pressure of wind generated wave lakebed of shallow lake response of the present invention comprises: pressure transducer, and the air guide cable, fixed support, movable supporting frame is with the vertical rod of scale, capture card, constant voltage dc source.Wherein pressure transducer is fixed on movable supporting frame one end, and the other end of movable supporting frame is fixed on support bracket fastened sleeve, and fixed support is fixed on the bed surface that needs mensuration by base plate.Bottom with the vertical rod of scale is fixed on movable supporting frame, can move up and down at vertical direction with the vertical rod of scale, and pressure transducer is connected with capture card with constant voltage dc source respectively by the air guide cable, and capture card is connected to computer.
Described pressure transducer adopts pressure-sensing device, and this sensor has the digital compensation amplifying circuit with microprocessor, and stainless steel casing adopts laser bonding, built-in anti-radio frequency, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI) circuit.
In the middle of described support bracket fastened base plate, a threaded perforate is set, support bracket fastened bottom is passed through.Base plate with holes is arranged on to be measured on the bottom, is used for the vertical rod that installs and measures, and in base plate sinking installation course due to aperture, very little to the disturbance of water body CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION and water-bed bed mud.
Described fixed support top arranges a perforate, just makes with the vertical rod of scale and passes through.
In the middle of described movable supporting frame, a threaded perforate is set, just makes with the vertical rod of scale and pass through.
Described capture card is the iUSBDAQ capture card, and its effect is to gather voltage situation of change on pressure transducer.
Described constant voltage dc source output voltage is 0-30V, and its effect is to provide the 5V direct current for pressure transducer.
Based on said apparatus, the measuring method of fluctuating pressure of wind generated wave lakebed of shallow lake response of the present invention comprises the steps:
At first, determine the depth of water of survey region, adjust the position of movable supporting frame, be located at the required position that sounds the depth of the water;
Secondly, pressure transducer is fixed on movable supporting frame, this pressure transducer is connected with capture card with constant voltage dc source (5 volts of direct currents are provided) respectively by the air guide cable, and this capture card is connected with computer.
Then, movable supporting frame is fixed on support bracket fastened sleeve, and fixed support is fixed on bed surface by base plate.
At last, open respectively constant voltage dc source, computer, analysis software carries out data acquisition, completes pressure survey.
The above-mentioned pressure transducer of the present invention adopts the presser sensor original paper, digital compensation amplifying circuit with microprocessor, the stainless steel casing Laser Welding (LBW), built-in anti-radio frequency, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI) circuit have that high precision, high reliability, volume are little, a vibration resistance, the strong characteristics of antijamming capability.its principle is the silicon strain-type, it is to utilize semi-conductive piezoresistive effect and micromachining technology, on the particular crystal orientation of monocrystalline silicon piece, use photoetching, the semiconductor technologies such as diffusion are manufactured a Wheatstone bridge, form sensitive diaphragm, produce microstrain when being subject to External Force Acting, resistivity generation subtle change, arm resistance is changed, and (a pair of change is large, a pair of diminishing) export at the driving voltage signal, through the computer temperature compensation, laser resistor trimming, processing means and the strict assembling detections such as signal amplification, the techniques such as demarcation, produce the pressure unit with standard output signals.In the present invention, voltage U (V) with the transforming relationship of pressure P (KPa) is:
P=12.25U-6.125。
Compare with existing fluctuation pressure measuring method, the invention has the advantages that: at present for the measurement of lakebed pressure be generally the frequency collection that do not wait to a few minutes in 30 seconds once, can't capture the lakebed fluctuation pressure, the pressure data that the present invention gathered in a second is the highest can reach 64000, can collect accurately the fluctuation pressure of wave humorously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is bottom, cross-sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is connection diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
The below elaborates to embodiments of the invention, and the present embodiment is implemented as prerequisite take technical solution of the present invention, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
As shown in Fig. 1-2, the present embodiment be used for to be measured the bottom place fluctuation pressure in the lake that is positioned at 2.5 meters depth of waters, and the device of employing comprises: spirit-leveling instrument 1, fixed support 2, movable supporting frame 3, the vertical rod 5 with scale, air guide cable 6, pressure transducer 7, capture card, constant voltage dc source.Pressure transducer 7 is fixed on movable supporting frame 3 one ends, and the other end of movable supporting frame 3 is fixed on the sleeve of fixed support 2, and fixed support 2 is fixed on the bed surface that needs mensuration by base plate 4.Bottom with the vertical rod 5 of scale is fixed on movable supporting frame 3, can move up and down at vertical direction with the vertical rod 5 of scale, and pressure transducer 7 is connected with capture card with constant voltage dc source respectively by air guide cable 6, and capture card is connected to computer.
In the present embodiment, described fixed support 2 is made by stainless steel or other high strength and the material that is difficult for getting rusty, is arranged on base plate, and its effect is be used to base plate with holes 4 is installed.
In the present embodiment, described fixed support 2 can be provided with spirit-leveling instrument 1, described spirit-leveling instrument 1 is full of yellow liquid by an airtight and transparent inside and with the cylinder of minute bubbles, be vertically set in the vertical rod 5 with scale, whether its effect is vertical with the vertical rod 5 of scale when differentiate measuring.
In the present embodiment, described movable supporting frame 3 is made by stainless steel or other high strength and the material that is difficult for getting rusty, and the centre arranges a threaded perforate, just makes with the vertical rod 5 of scale to pass through.
In the present embodiment, described base plate 4 with holes is made by stainless steel or other high strength and the material that is difficult for getting rusty, be arranged on and measure on the bottom, its effect is be used to the vertical rod 5 with scale that installs and measures, and due to aperture, very little to the disturbance of water body CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION and water-bed bed mud in base plate sinking installation course.
In the present embodiment, described vertical rod 5 with scale is made by stainless steel or other high strength and the material that is difficult for getting rusty, is arranged on movable supporting frame 3.
In the present embodiment, described air guide cable 6 is comprised of sheath and wire, external jacket waterproof, insulation.Its effect is Bonding pressure sensor 7 and capture card, direct supply.
In the present embodiment, described pressure transducer 7 adopts pressure-sensing device, and this sensor has the digital compensation amplifying circuit with microprocessor, and stainless steel casing adopts laser bonding, built-in anti-radio frequency, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI) circuit.
In the present embodiment, described capture card is the iUSBDAQ capture card, and its effect is to gather voltage situation of change on pressure transducer.
In the present embodiment, described constant voltage dc source output voltage is 0-30V, and its effect is to provide the 5V direct current for pressure transducer.
In the present embodiment, described computer is with USB interface, and system is Windows XP or Windows7.
Adopt device described above, measure the method for the bottom place fluctuation pressure in the lake be positioned at 2.5 meters depth of waters, specific as follows:
(1) bottom with the vertical rod 5 of scale is fixed on movable supporting frame 3, and the position of removable 3 is adjusted by fixed support 2 in top, and making the vertical rod reading with scale is 2.4 meters;
(2) pressure transducer 7 is fixed on movable supporting frame 3, pressure transducer 7 is connected with capture card with constant voltage dc source (5 volts of direct currents are provided) respectively by air guide cable 6, wherein air guide cable 6 Green wires are just connecing constant voltage dc source, it is negative that the black wire connects constant voltage dc source, blue wire connects the AI0 mouth of USDDAQ on capture card, the black wire is also received the AGND mouth of capture card USBDAQ simultaneously, and this capture card is connected with computer by dedicated transmission;
(3) other end with movable supporting frame 3 is fixed on the sleeve of fixed support 2.Fixed support 2 is connected on base plate 4 inserts bed surface, sighting-level 1 keeps vertically it;
(4) open respectively constant voltage dc source, computer, iDAQ Test﹠amp; Log Software 3.1 softwares carry out data acquisition, and pressure survey finishes.
The said method capture card can be iUSBDAQ capture card etc., its frequency acquisition can freely arrange, can be in real time with the continual PC that collects of data under continuous STREAMING pattern, total percent of pass can reach per second 64000 times, and single pass percent of pass can reach 64000 per seconds.Data collecting card is connected on computer, adopts free external software iDAQ Test﹠amp; Log Software 3.1 carries out the acquisition and processing of data.
This device of the present invention is simple to operate, is easy to carry, and cost is lower, is suitable for the characteristics of field sampling work, can adapt to various field sampling conditions.Simultaneously, can collect accurately the fluctuation pressure that lakebed produces due to wave humorously.
Claims (8)
1. the measurement mechanism of fluctuating pressure of wind generated wave lakebed of shallow lake response, comprise: pressure transducer, air guide cable, capture card and constant voltage dc source, pressure transducer is connected with capture card with constant voltage dc source respectively by the air guide cable, and capture card is connected to computer; Characterized by further comprising: fixed support, movable supporting frame and with the vertical rod of scale; Wherein pressure transducer is fixed on movable supporting frame one end, and the other end of movable supporting frame is fixed on support bracket fastened sleeve, and fixed support is fixed on the bed surface that needs mensuration by base plate; The bottom with the vertical rod of scale that can move up and down at vertical direction is fixed on movable supporting frame.
2. the measurement mechanism of fluctuating pressure of wind generated wave lakebed of shallow lake according to claim 1 response, it is characterized in that: described pressure transducer adopts pressure-sensing device, this sensor has the digital compensation amplifying circuit with microprocessor, stainless steel casing adopts laser bonding, built-in anti-radio frequency, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI) circuit.
3. the measurement mechanism of fluctuating pressure of wind generated wave lakebed of shallow lake response according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: arrange one in the middle of described support bracket fastened base plate and just make perforate that support bracket fastened bottom is passed through, threaded.
4. the measurement mechanism of fluctuating pressure of wind generated wave lakebed of shallow lake according to claim 3 response is characterized in that: described fixed support top arranges one just makes the perforate of passing through with the vertical rod of scale.
5. the measurement mechanism of fluctuating pressure of wind generated wave lakebed of shallow lake response according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: arrange one in the middle of described movable supporting frame and just make perforate that pass through with the vertical rod of scale, threaded.
6. the measurement mechanism of fluctuating pressure of wind generated wave lakebed of shallow lake according to claim 1 and 2 response, it is characterized in that: described constant voltage dc source output voltage is 0-30V, for pressure transducer provides the 5V direct current.
7. a measuring method that adopts the fluctuating pressure of wind generated wave lakebed of shallow lake response of the described device of claim 1-6 any one, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
At first, determine the depth of water of survey region, adjust the position of movable supporting frame, be located at the required position that sounds the depth of the water;
Secondly, pressure transducer is fixed on movable supporting frame, this pressure transducer is connected with capture card with constant voltage dc source respectively by the air guide cable, and this capture card is connected with computer;
Then, movable supporting frame is fixed on support bracket fastened sleeve, and fixed support is fixed on bed surface by base plate;
At last, open respectively constant voltage dc source, computer carries out acquisition and processing, completes pressure survey.
8. the measuring method of fluctuating pressure of wind generated wave lakebed of shallow lake response according to claim 7, is characterized in that: described acquisition and processing employing iDAQ Test﹠amp; Log Software 3.1 softwares carry out.
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| CN 201110359102 CN102435176B (en) | 2011-11-14 | 2011-11-14 | Device and method for measuring response to fluctuating pressure of wind generated wave lakebed of shallow lake |
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| CN103983179B (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2016-08-17 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | The detection of cell thickness change detecting device, cell safety and determination methods |
| CN104240579B (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2017-01-18 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Microbubble circulating water channel |
| CN104374544A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-02-25 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Asymmetric measuring device for propeller pulsating pressure |
| CN104655108A (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2015-05-27 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Shallow lake longitudinal section observing device |
| CN106596050B (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2023-09-05 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Three-dimensional wind-driven and hydrodynamic simulation experiment device and method |
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