CN102433492A - Low-rare-earth vermiculizer - Google Patents
Low-rare-earth vermiculizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN102433492A CN102433492A CN2011104374306A CN201110437430A CN102433492A CN 102433492 A CN102433492 A CN 102433492A CN 2011104374306 A CN2011104374306 A CN 2011104374306A CN 201110437430 A CN201110437430 A CN 201110437430A CN 102433492 A CN102433492 A CN 102433492A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a low-rare-earth (RE) vermiculizer, which comprises the following chemical components by weight percent: 1-4% of Mg, 30-34.5% of Si, 1-5% of Ca, 1.5-4.5% of RE, 1-4% of Zn, 1-3% of Al, 1-10% of Ti, 1-10% of K, 1-10% of Na and the balance Fe and few inevitable impurity elements. The low-RE vermiculizer has the particle size of 1-80mm, the density of 3.5-5.0g/cm<3> and the melting point range of 1056-1270 DEG C. Many years of experimental studies and practical applications prove that the dosage range of the low-RE vermiculizer is wide, qualified vermicular cast iron parts can be conveniently prepared under different production conditions, the percent of vermiculation can be accurately controlled by adjusting the dosage of the vermiculizer; and the cost of the vermiculizer is (1/4)-(1/10) of that of the existing vermiculizer, the percent of vermiculation is high and the effect of vermiculation is stable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of low rare earth vermiculizer.
Background technology
Vermicular cast iron is the novel cast iron materials of a kind of graphite form between sheet and SG; Because its existing mechanical property that approaches spheroidal graphite cast iron; Advantages of good casting similar with grey cast iron and thermal conductivity are arranged again; Over-all properties is good, thereby has attracted numerous founders author's attention.This material begins systematic study in the mid-1960s, and put into production the beginning of the seventies, on hundreds of foundry goods, is applied, like foundry goods such as glass article, automobile exhaust pipe, cylinder cap, ingot mold and retarding discs, and has obtained good technology economic.
The room temperature tensile strength of vermicular cast iron is 300～500 MPa, improves 70%～90% than graphitic cast iron commonly used, and rigidity improves 35%; Fatigue strength 200～350 MPa improve 1 times than graphitic cast iron commonly used; Elongation 1%～5%.The yield tensile ratio of iron of wriggling is higher, is 0.7～0.8, be higher than magnesium iron 0.6～0.7 with 0.50～0.55 of cast steel.When different temperature, the difference of the iron of wriggling, magnesium iron and graphitic cast iron tensile strength reduces along with the raising of temperature, and when reaching 700 ℃, the tensile strength of the iron of wriggling is near magnesium iron.In normal temperature to 400 ℃ scope, the iron elongation of wriggling is constant basically; Be higher than 400 ℃, elongation improves gradually.
The most production departments of China raw material quality stability is difficult to guarantee; Melting condition is simple and crude; The quality of iron liquid more bad (mainly be temperature is low, sulfur-bearing is high and unstable), the production scene lacks accurate detection, control device again, and the iron that causes wriggling is produced unstable; Mainly be to be difficult to stable accurately control nodulizing rate, it is bigger particularly in thin-walled is wriggled ironware, will stably to obtain 90% nodulizing rate difficulty.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention just provides a kind of applied widely, production cost is low, nodulizing rate is high, vermiculation effect is stable low rare earth vermiculizer.
A kind of low rare earth vermiculizer of the present invention, its Chemical Composition is (by weight percentage):
Mg 1-4%, Si 30-34.5%, Ca 1-5%, RE 1.5-4.5%, Zn 1-4%, Al 1-3%, Ti 1-10%, K 1-10%, Na 1-10%, all the other are Fe and a small amount of unavoidable impurities element.
Above-mentioned rare earth component is by weight percentage: Y 5-50%, La 10-90%, Ce 5-50%.
The preparation method of low rare earth vermiculizer of the present invention is: proportion with the pig iron or steel scrap, ferrosilicon, pure magnesium, rare earth ferrosilicon, pure zinc, fine aluminium, silico-calcium, ferrotianium and K, Na alloy etc.; In medium-frequency induction furnace, be smelted into alloy liquid, then casting in particular manufacturing craft.Be broken into irregular bulk after the cooling, granularity is 1-80mm, and density is 3.5-5.0g/cm
3, melting range is 1056-1270 ℃.
Low rare earth vermiculizer of the present invention; Experimental study and practice through for many years prove; This vermiculizer has following characteristics: 1, this vermiculizer add-on wide ranges; Can under the different production condition, conveniently produce qualified pieces of vermicular cast iron, and nodulizing rate can be realized accurately control through the size of vermiculizer add-on.2, this vermiculizer is compared with existing experienced part of vermiculizer: experienced part of vermiculizer content of rare earth is high, and energy consumption is big, and production cost is high; Cost is 1/4 to 1/10 of an existing vermiculizer; And nodulizing rate is high, vermiculation effect is stable, meets the policy of national energy-saving and emission-reduction, is a kind of low-carbon (LC), Green Product.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: the melting production of low rare earth vermiculizer
1, melting equipment
250 kilograms of medium-frequency induction furnaces, single stove is fusible joins vermiculizer 80Kg.
2, vermiculizer composition design, its middle-weight rare earths component is Y 20%, and La 50%, and Ce 30%.Like following table 1:
| The vermiculizer title | RE | Mg | Zn | Ca | Al | Si | Ti | Na | K | Fe |
| 1# hangs down the rare earth vermiculizer | 1.5 | 4.0 | 1.0 | 4.0 | / | 32.0 | 4.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | Surplus |
| 2# hangs down the rare earth vermiculizer | 2.5 | 3.0 | 2.0 | 4.0 | / | 32.0 | 4.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | Surplus |
| 3# hangs down the rare earth vermiculizer | 3.5 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 4.0 | 2.0 | 32.0 | / | 4.0 | 4.0 | Surplus |
| 4# hangs down the rare earth vermiculizer | 4.5 | 1.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 2.0 | 32.0 | / | 4.0 | 4.0 | Surplus |
Table 1: vermiculizer design composition
3, raw material and Chemical Composition thereof
Table 2: raw material and proportioning
4, melting and analysis
4.1 raw material shown in the table 2 is added in the intermediate frequency sense stove in certain sequence, send and establish the machine fusing by cable, all raw material stirs and can come out of the stove after melting clearly, pours in the particular manufacturing craft.Be broken into the granularity of 5-30mm after the cooling, good subsequent use with plastic bag packaging.
Carry out chemical analysis, analytical data such as following table 3 4.2 in the good vermiculizer of fragmentation, respectively get one group of sample at random
Table 3: vermiculizer detects composition
Embodiment 2: the test of vermiculizer heat insulation effect
1, test materials
1.1 vermiculizer: 1# hangs down the rare earth vermiculizer, and its chemical ingredients is (by weight percentage): Mg 3.96%, and Si 32.5%, and Ca 4.12%; Σ RE 1.46%, Zn 0.92%, and K 7.92%, and Na 7.88%; The Fe surplus, its middle-weight rare earths component is Y 20%, and La 50%, and Ce 30%.
1.2 the pig iron: the conventional cast pig iron, C 4.25%, and Si 2.02%, and Mn 0.3%, and P 0.07%, and S 0.045%, and steel scrap is the carbon steel scrap stock.
1.3 nucleating agent: 75 ferrosilicon, the trade mark are FeSi75Al1.5-A.
2, content of the test
The iron trade mark: the RuT260 2.1 wriggle, matrix are ferritic.
2.2 vermiculizer add-on: 0.8%, innoculant adding quantity 0.6%, 1500-1550 ℃ of wriggling treatment temp adopts the dykes and dams bag to pour the processing of wriggling of method, breeds to adopt in the bag and breeds.Get after wriggling handled in 20 kilograms of iron liquid to holding furnaces and be incubated.
2.3 iron liquid holding temperature: 1260-1280 ℃, iron liquid soaking time is spaced apart: 0 minute, and 10 minutes, 20 minutes, 30 minutes, 40 minutes, 60 minutes.Every section insulation point is got the metallographic specimen of Ф 20mm, with the graphite form of metaloscope and electron microscope observation sample, selects 0 minute, 60 minutes iron liquid casting Y type single casting sample to detect mechanical property.
3, test-results
3.1 nodulizing rate (metallographic)
0 fen nodulizing rate: 60%, surplus is SG;
10 fens nodulizing rates: 60%, surplus is SG;
20 fens nodulizing rates: 70%, surplus is SG;
30 fens nodulizing rates: 80%, surplus is SG;
40 fens nodulizing rates: 90%, surplus is SG;
60 fens nodulizing rates: 80%, surplus is SG, a small amount of flake graphite;
3.2 mechanical property
0 fen tensile strength: 326MPa, unit elongation 6%;
60 fens tensile strength: 315MPa, unit elongation 5%.
Embodiment 3:
1, test materials
1.1 vermiculizer: 2# hangs down the rare earth vermiculizer, and its chemical ingredients is (by weight percentage): Mg2.95%, Si32.1%, Ca4.22%; Σ RE2.51%, Zn1.95%, Ti 3.91%; K7.93%, Na7.90%, Fe surplus; The component of its middle-weight rare earths is (by weight percentage): Y20%, La50%, and Ce 30%.
1.2 the pig iron: the conventional cast pig iron, C4.05%, Si1.48%, Mn0.3%, P0.06%, S0.025%
1.3 nucleating agent: 1. 75 ferrosilicon, the trade mark is FeSi75Al1.5-A; 2. Si-Ba-Ca alloy, composition is Ba2%, Ca4%, Si65%, Fe is surplus.
2, content of the test
2.1 foundry goods title: enmgine exhaust, require the cold-and-heat resistent fatigue property good, long service life, go 100,000 kilometers can not craze and transfiguration.Xixia factory uses this vermiculizer wriggle more than 600 ten thousand of iron intake and exhaust manifolds of stably manufactured, and heat resisting temperature is not less than 900 ℃.
2.2 vermiculizer add-on: 0.75%, innoculant adding quantity 0.4%, 1500-1550 ℃ of wriggling treatment temp adopts the dykes and dams bag to pour the processing of wriggling of method, once breeds to adopt in the bag and breeds, and uses 0.3% ferrosilicon, covers the vermiculizer top; Current-following inoculation when secondary adopts cast is used 0.1% Si-Ba-Ca alloy.
2.3 on foundry goods, attach the test block of casting Y type as test samples.
3, test-results
3.1 vermiculation effect: nodulizing rate 90%, tissue: 90% ferritic+10% perlite.
3.2 mechanical property: tensile strength 355MPa, unit elongation 4.5%.
Embodiment 4:
1, test materials
1.1 vermiculizer 1:3# hangs down the rare earth vermiculizer, its chemical ingredients is (by weight percentage): Mg1.99%, and Si 32.5%, and Ca 4.10%, Σ RE3.44%; Zn 2.98%, and Al 2.01%, and K 3.89%, and Na 3.99%; The Fe surplus, its middle-weight rare earths component is Y 20%, and La 50%, and Ce 30%. Vermiculizer 2: common high rare earth vermiculizer, chemical ingredients is (by weight percentage): Mg 5.5%, and Si 44%, and Ca 2%, and RE 16%, the Fe surplus; Its middle-weight rare earths component is La 15%, and Ce 80%.Contrast the vermiculation effect of these two kinds of vermiculizers.
1.2 the pig iron: the conventional cast pig iron, C4.05%, Si1.48%, Mn0.5%, P0.07%, S0.055%.
1.3 nucleating agent: 1. 75 ferrosilicon, the trade mark is FeSi75Al1.5-A; 2. Si-Ba-Ca alloy, composition is Ba2%, Ca4%, Si65%, Fe is surplus.
2, content of the test
2.1 foundry goods title: cylinder body, such casting dimension is bigger, and complex structure, wall thickness are thin inhomogeneous again; Require wear-resistingly, heat-resisting, anti-corrosion, better strength and toughness is arranged again; Matrix requires to be perlite.
2.2 vermiculizer add-on: 0.95%, innoculant adding quantity 0.35%, 1500-1550 ℃ of wriggling treatment temp adopts the processing of wriggling of plunging, breeds that employing is once ladle-to-ladle breeds and the second pouring current-following inoculation; Once ladle-to-ladle breeding used 0.25% ferrosilicon, and the secondary current-following inoculation is with Si-Ba-Ca alloy 0.1%.
2.3 in foundry goods bulk line cutting test samples.
3, test-results, see table 4:
Table 4: body mechanical property
Embodiment 5:
1, test materials
1.1 vermiculizer: 4# hangs down the rare earth vermiculizer, and its chemical ingredients is (by weight percentage): Mg0.98%, Si32.8%, Ca4.34%; Σ RE4.45%, Zn3.89%, Al2.02; K3.86%, Na3.92%, Fe surplus; The component of its middle-weight rare earths is (by weight percentage): Y20%, La50%, and Ce 30%.
1.2 the pig iron: the conventional cast pig iron, C4.05%, Si1.48%, Mn0.3%, P0.06%, S0.025%.
1.3 nucleating agent: 1. 75 ferrosilicon, the trade mark is FeSi75Al1.5-A; 2. Si-Ba-Ca alloy, composition is Ba2%, Ca4%, Si65%, Fe is surplus.
2, content of the test
2.1 foundry goods title: ingot mold, require the cold-and-heat resistent fatigue property good, long service life can not craze and transfiguration.Xining special steel factory uses this vermiculizer more than 500 ton of stably manufactured large ingot mould, and heat resisting temperature is not less than 900 ℃.
2.2 vermiculizer add-on: 0.5%, innoculant adding quantity 0.6%, 1500-1550 ℃ of wriggling treatment temp adopts the dykes and dams bag to pour the processing of wriggling of method, once breeds to adopt in the bag and breeds, and uses 0.5% ferrosilicon, covers the vermiculizer top; Current-following inoculation when secondary adopts cast is used 0.1% Si-Ba-Ca alloy.
2.3 on foundry goods, attach the test block of casting Y type as test samples.
3, test-results
3.1 vermiculation effect: nodulizing rate 55%, tissue: 40% ferritic+55% perlite.
3.2 mechanical property: tensile strength 580MPa, unit elongation 8.5%.
Claims (3)
1. one kind low rare earth vermiculizer; It is characterized in that: its Chemical Composition is by weight percentage: Mg 1-4%, Si 30-34.5%, Ca 1-5%, RE 1.5-4.5%, Zn 1-4%, Al 1-3%, Ti 1-10%, K 1-10%, Na 1-10%, all the other are Fe and a small amount of unavoidable impurities element.
2. low rare earth vermiculizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described rare earth component is Y 5-50%, La 10-90%, Ce 5-50% by weight percentage.
3. according to claim 1 or claim 2 low rare earth vermiculizer, it is characterized in that: this vermiculizer is shaped as irregular bulk, and granularity is 1-80mm, and density is 3.5-5.0g/cm
3, melting range is 1056-1370 ℃.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004169167A (en) * | 2002-11-22 | 2004-06-17 | Fukuoka Prefecture | Spheroidal graphite cast iron having excellent low temperature toughness, and production method therefor |
| CN1687464A (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2005-10-26 | 龙南县龙钇重稀土材料有限责任公司 | Composite nodulizer of yttrium based heavy rare earths magnesium |
| CN101078083A (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2007-11-28 | 河北科技大学 | Special-purpose multi-component low rare earth vermiculizer for producing thick wall Vermicular iron element by furnace cupola |
| CN101768696A (en) * | 2010-01-26 | 2010-07-07 | 江西省龙钇重稀土材料有限责任公司 | Yttrium nitrogen titanium boron alloy and preparation method and purposes thereof |
| CN101792846A (en) * | 2010-03-24 | 2010-08-04 | 江西省龙钇重稀土材料有限责任公司 | Rare-earth-containing iron and steel modificator and preparation method thereof |
-
2011
- 2011-12-23 CN CN2011104374306A patent/CN102433492A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004169167A (en) * | 2002-11-22 | 2004-06-17 | Fukuoka Prefecture | Spheroidal graphite cast iron having excellent low temperature toughness, and production method therefor |
| CN1687464A (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2005-10-26 | 龙南县龙钇重稀土材料有限责任公司 | Composite nodulizer of yttrium based heavy rare earths magnesium |
| CN101078083A (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2007-11-28 | 河北科技大学 | Special-purpose multi-component low rare earth vermiculizer for producing thick wall Vermicular iron element by furnace cupola |
| CN101768696A (en) * | 2010-01-26 | 2010-07-07 | 江西省龙钇重稀土材料有限责任公司 | Yttrium nitrogen titanium boron alloy and preparation method and purposes thereof |
| CN101792846A (en) * | 2010-03-24 | 2010-08-04 | 江西省龙钇重稀土材料有限责任公司 | Rare-earth-containing iron and steel modificator and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 山东省机械设计研究院: "稀土蠕墨铸铁新型蠕化剂的研究", 《机械工程材料》, no. 1, 31 December 1981 (1981-12-31), pages 15 - 20 * |
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Application publication date: 20120502 |