CN102433179A - Use of product of low-temperature gasification of liquid dimethyl ether - Google Patents
Use of product of low-temperature gasification of liquid dimethyl ether Download PDFInfo
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- CN102433179A CN102433179A CN201110339073XA CN201110339073A CN102433179A CN 102433179 A CN102433179 A CN 102433179A CN 201110339073X A CN201110339073X A CN 201110339073XA CN 201110339073 A CN201110339073 A CN 201110339073A CN 102433179 A CN102433179 A CN 102433179A
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- dimethyl ether
- liquid dimethyl
- liquid
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- low
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Abstract
The invention discloses the use of the product of the low-temperature gasification of liquid dimethyl ether, which is characterized in that: the dimethyl ether gas product of the low-temperature gasification of the liquid dimethyl ether can be used in place of petroleum as fuel gas for vehicles and ships; and the heat flow generated at the same time can be used as a cold source for generating cold energy and ice. The invention has the advantages of little pollution and clean energy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to liquid dimethyl ether uses as the power gas of car and ship through the combustion gas of low-temperature vaporization; Simultaneously; Owing to can produce heat flux in the low-temperature vaporization process; The refrigeration of be applied to refrigerator car, refrigerate boats and ships, boats and ships and processing of aquatic products ships that transport are fished in fishery and the ice making energy etc. are specially the application of a kind of liquid dimethyl ether after low temperature (normal temperature is to-20 ℃) vaporization.
Background technology
In recent years because the rise of petroleum-based energy fuel price simultaneously in order to protect environment, requires to use clear energy sources more, and dimethyl ether fuel just to be known as by people be one of fuel of cleaning except hydrogen fuel.
The Premier Wen Jiabao held as far back as 2004 and discusses and pass in principle " the medium-term and long-term development planning outline (2004-2020) of the energy " in the Executive Meeting of the State Council, and core is to walk the road of the energy development of distinct Chinese characteristics.
The state leader is repeatedly promising to undertake to accomplish with 2005 being that radix reduces discharging about 40 ~ 45% again at the year two thousand twenty in the international conference.
The develop rapidly of current world economy; Increasing to demands for energy and dependence; Petroleum resources can only be kept between 30 ~ 40 years; Coal resource but can be exploited more than 200 years, and people's prophesy is that main raw material refines the dimethyl ether fuel that forms with the coal, will become one of main energy sources of 21st century.
Compare with the burning energy that pollutions such as traditional oil and gas, solar oil are big, degree of cleaning are low, dme has more wide application prospect, and how which field dme is used or be applied to, and also rarely has report at present.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art, a kind of application of liquid dimethyl ether behind low-temperature vaporization little, the ability source clean of polluting is provided.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above; The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: the application of a kind of liquid dimethyl ether behind low-temperature vaporization; Be specially the dimethyl ether fuel gas that liquid dimethyl ether is generated behind low-temperature vaporization; Substitute oil and gas and use combustion gas as car, ship power, produced simultaneously heat flux is as the cold energy source of refrigeration and ice making.
Described liquid dimethyl ether can be vaporized under normal temperature (20 ℃) to-20 ℃ condition, and can obtain the heat flux of 85kcal/kg ~ 110kcal/kg, can be used as the cold energy source of refrigeration and ice making.
Used dme is the liquid dimethyl ether of mass fraction >=99.0%.
Described dimethyl ether fuel gas is during as the power gas of car, ship, and the exhaust gas volumn of its generation is 60.1% of the exhaust gas volumn that produces of Sweet natural gas, is 59.89% of the exhaust gas volumn that produces of diesel oil;
Described dme can reach-12 ℃ through indirect brine refrigeration or ice making; Dme is vaporized through direct comb, refrigeration, ice making or refrigeration, and its temperature can reach-18 ℃.
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect:
1. the low-temperature vaporization The Application of Technology of liquid dimethyl ether of the present invention: (1) dimethyl ether fuel gas is as the power gas of vehicle and boats and ships; (2) utilize the heat flux (cold energy source) that produces in the liquid low-temperature vaporization process of dme to be applied to refrigeration, ice making and refrigeration.
2. the fishing boat of offshore operation generally will store the fuel about 20 days, and except traditional diesel oil fuel, liquid dimethyl ether is one of optimal fuel, and its advantage is following:
(1) (equilibrium equation is: ((CH from the combustion balance equation
3)
2O+3O
2+ 11.29N
2 2CO
2+ 3H
2O+11.29N
2Can know that+heat) dimethyl ether fuel gas is one of fuel the cleanest except that hydrogen fuel; The same heat that produces 1kcal:
1. the exhaust gas volumn of solar oil generation is 1.112m
3/ kcal;
Solar oil calculates by 100% n-Hexadecane, and the combustion balance equation is C
16H
34+ 24.5O
2+ 92.17N
2 
16CO
2+ 17H
2O+92.17 N
2+ heat is from the visible 1m of following formula
3The needed theoretical air requirement of diesel combustion is 116.67 m3, and molecular weight is that 226 solar oil gaseous state weight is 10.0893 kg/m
3), the calorific value of per kilogram diesel oil is 1.05 ten thousand kcal/kg, so the exhaust gas volumn that solar oil produces is 1.112 m
3/ kcal;
2. the exhaust gas volumn of oil and gas generation is 1.107m
3/ kcal;
Oil and gas, combustion balance equation are CH
4+ 2O
2+ 7.524N
2 CO
2+ 2H
2O+7.524 N
2+ heat, the calorific value of every cubic metre of oil and gas are pressed 9500kcal/kg and are calculated, and the exhaust gas volumn that oil and gas produces is 1.107 m
3/ kcal;
3. the exhaust gas volumn of dimethyl ether fuel gas generation is 0.685 m
3/ kcal;
Dimethyl ether fuel gas, combustion balance equation are (CH
3)
2O+3O
2+ 11.29N
2 
2CO
2+ 3H
2O+11.29N
2+ heat, C in the dme and H only account for 0.652, so the theoretical air requirement of every cubic metre of dme needs only 9.3196 cubic metres, the calorific value of every cubic metre of dimethyl ether fuel gas is by 1.55 ten thousand kcal/m
3Calculate, the exhaust gas volumn that burning produces is 0.685 m
3/ kcal.
Above-mentionedly know that the exhaust gas volumn that the dme burning produces is 59.892% of a solar oil, is 60.1% of natural gas;
(2) since the Fishery Vessel power of offshore operation below 100KW; Come out early and return late, especially to little seafood in summer fresh-keeping become problem, when waiting sunset to go back to the port; Fishery products are stale; If make oil motor into the dimethyl ether fuel gas machine, not only can reduce the discharging of exhaust gas volumn, the cold energy that produces when liquid dimethyl ether is vaporized is enough to keep the fresh and alive degree of little seafood;
Because the power of scale Fishery Vessel is between 200KW-2000KW; The tonburden of liquid fuel must satisfy the requirement of navigating of pursuing more than 20 days; Will the vaporize every day liquid dimethyl ether of 1-10 ton of boats and ships; Can produce 100,000 kcal/ days ~ 1,000,000 kcal/ days, but 14.3 ~ 143 tons of ice makings every day can guarantee to fish for the freshness of the fishery products of going on board.
Based on traditional fishing boat operation, majority is to be with ice to go to sea before the ship departure from port to fish for, more than ten day the work of fishing at sea, and low-temperature receiver is supplied with never again, and often because fresh-keeping cooling time is long, the iceization fish is smelly.
(3) fishing boat of offshore operation can be accomplished the branch storehouse refrigerating fresh-keeping of fish hold on the ship.The ship of tradition band ice operation can only concentrate in the fish hold, after catching fish; Man power encasement 20kg/ case or 15kg/ case, after the bottoming of ice slag, one deck case dress seafood one deck ice; And match-maker worker is moved in the fish hold in the storehouse from ice, labour intensity is big, the fish of fishing in first day when going back to the port and unload fishes often above 10 days; The fish that unloads is not too fresh, and what have is rotten.The branch storehouse refrigerating fresh-keeping technology of this patent can guarantee to keep same freshness from the fish at first fish of catching end batch before make a return voyage.
(4) because the refrigeration energy is to obtain when utilizing the liquid vaporization of dme, from refrigeration capacity 100,000 kcal/ days ~ 1,000,000 kcal/ days, but (the conversion journey became fuel every day 8 ~ 80kg) in saves energy 39 ~ 390KW/ days.
(5) because the exhaust gas volumn that dimethyl ether fuel gas produces far below diesel oil, can alleviate local environmental pollution, progressively improve local environment, make local sky blue, water is clear, the field is green.
(when the low-temperature vaporization of 60 liquid dimethyl ethers was aboard ship used, refrigeration salt solution was with hypothermic saline ice making or refrigeration; Be called the indirect refrigeration method; The low-temperature vaporization technology of liquid dimethyl ether can be used on directly liquid vaporization in the comb in the refrigerator car, absorbs the heat in the refrigerator carriage and accomplishes vaporescence, low about 5 ℃ of the comparable turned supersalt of the temperature of this direct boiling absorption refrigeration water for cooling refrigerating technology; So better effects if, the space that vehicle is limited
(7) market price of diesel oil is just reaching 8000 yuan/ton, and the market price of dme has only the half the of diesel oil oil price about 4000 yuan/ton.
Description of drawings
The application art schema 1 of Fig. 1 liquid dimethyl ether liquid dimethyl ether behind low-temperature vaporization.
The application art schema 2 of Fig. 2 liquid dimethyl ether liquid dimethyl ether behind low-temperature vaporization.
The state graph of Fig. 3 dme is the temperature and the latent heat of vaporization graph of a relation of dme.
Embodiment
Through embodiment the present invention is described in further detail below, but the present invention not only is confined to following examples.
If boats and ships are diesel motors, be the basis at former machine, change firing system and cylinder cap get final product.If be exactly gas engine originally, except flexible nonmetallic tubing changes ability dimethyl ether resistant corrosive flexible pipe into, tear the calorific value that is counted as dimethyl ether fuel gas open according to the volume calorific value of former combustion gas, suitably the adjustment amount of carrying out gets final product.
Physicochemical characteristic according to dme; The latent heat of vaporization when boiling point-24.9 ℃ (the dme liquid of unit mass becomes the heat that synthermal saturation steam absorbs and is called the latent heat of vaporization) 111.512kcal/kg;, along with the temperature of liquid dimethyl ether raises, the latent heat of vaporization reduces; So the liquid dimethyl ether that can know-20 ℃ from dme state graph (Fig. 3) is vaporized into the heat flux that gaseous dimethyl can obtain 110kcal/kg; Normal temperature refers to 20 ℃, and the liquid dimethyl ether of normal temperature is vaporized into the heat flux that the gaseous dimethyl maximum can obtain 90kcal/kg, and the heat flux of above-mentioned acquisition can be used as the cold energy source of refrigeration and ice making.
Dme is 1Mpa (10kg/cm at pressure
2) time, temperature is below 45 ℃, is liquid phase,
Dme is 1.2Mpa (12kg/cm at pressure
2) time, temperature is below 52 ℃, is liquid phase,
Dme is 1.5Mpa (15kg/cm at pressure
2) time, temperature is below 60 ℃, is liquid phase,
The available following formula of the relation of the latent heat of vaporization and temperature is represented (being the acquisition foundation of Fig. 3):
r
1=r
1(t
Face-t
1/ (t
Face-t
2)) (kcal/kg)
In the formula: r
1---temperature is t
1The time the latent heat of vaporization (kcal/kg)
r
2---temperature is t
2The time the latent heat of vaporization (kcal/kg)
t
Face---126.8 ℃
When the latent heat of vaporization of dme during at boiling point-24.9 ℃ is 111.512 (kcal/kg).
Embodiment 1
There is the power-driven vessel of 50 thousands of ~ 100kw fishing base, the East Sea, and come out early and return late every day, has the whole year the fresh-keeping of little seafood is unsatisfied with in three seasons, because there is not low-temperature receiver in the fish hold, substitutes oil motor, operation every day 10 hours with the dimethyl ether fuel gas machine.More than consumption diesel oil 114 kg/day, annual consumption oil is more than 41.61 tons.
One, because dimethyl ether fuel gas is higher by 5% than diesel oil with the theoretical mixture gas calorific value of air, so the power of dimethyl ether fuel gas mover is higher than oil motor, with 1:1 vaporization dme, the 114 kilograms of dme of vaporizing every day;
Two, 114 kilograms * 100kcal/ kilogram=11400kcal, the fresh-keeping of little seafood can be satisfied in 11400kcal ÷ 7000 kcal/ ton=1.63 ton (ice);
Above-mentioned computation process is according to State Standard of the People's Republic of China GB50072-2001; Code for design of coldstorages P53 is when the raw water initial temperature of ice making during at 25 ~ 30 ℃; The heat flux of producing 1 ton of ice every day is 7000w, and promptly industry personnel custom is 1 ton of 7000 kcal ice making; Amount to calorific value and have only 6027kcal/t, this is a refrigeration industry recognized data in the industry.Because the equipment on the ship is fairly simple, still calculate the ice making tonnage in above-mentioned two according to 7000 kcal/ tons.
Three, can practice thrift fuel oil expense >=12.48 ten thousand yuan/ship the whole year, thousand ships can annual fuel-economizing expense >=1.25 hundred million yuan.
Four, because the exhaust gas volumn that dimethyl ether fuel gas produced is 60% of an oil motor, can improve the water quality and the Air quality of coastal waters and coastland.
Embodiment 2
Fishing base, the East Sea has the fishery of thousands of offshore waters to fish for and the processing ship of fishery products, and the power of typical ship is 500kw, and every flight number 15 ~ 21 days must be with 40 ~ 45 tons of fuel.
One, after oil motor makes the dimethyl ether fuel gas machine into, the 2.3 tons of dme of vaporizing every day;
Two, fresh-keeping refrigeration can be satisfied in 2300kg/ days * 100kcal/ kilogram=230,000 kcal ÷, 7000 kcal/ ton=32.86 ton/day (ice).
Three, can practice thrift fuel oil the whole year and take 2,000,000 yuan/ship, 2000 ships can annual fuel-economizing expense about 4,000,000,000 yuan.
Four, offshore waters environment and atmosphere are protected.
Embodiment 3
There are several refrigerator vessels of 5000 tonnes in certain coastal city, except one of main frame 2000kw, adds secondary machine, generating and the refrigeration of three 200kw again.
Main frame per hour consumes diesel oil 320kg/H, and the exhaust gas volumn of generation is 3736.32m
3/ H;
Three exhaust gas volumn 1352.1 m3/H that secondary machine produces; Total exhaust gas volumn that major and minor machine per hour produces is 5088.42 m
3/ H;
After making the dimethyl ether fuel gas machine into, main frame exhaust gas volumn hourly is 2237.8 m
3/ H, as long as a gas electricity generator job, the flue gas that promptly produces is 269.93 m
3/ H is so total exhaust gas volumn has only 2507.73 m
3/ H.
Because a main frame and a secondary machine, the dme that per hour consumes is 358.6kg/H, can obtain the heat flux of 35860kcal during liquid the vaporization, the refrigerating room 2000m of this ship
2* 2, total net area 4000 m
2, refrigerating room clear height 5m, total net volume 20000 m of refrigerating room
3, the cold energy that the liquid dimethyl ether vaporization obtains can satisfy 5000 m
2The refrigeration of refrigerating room, but also 5.12 tons/H. of ice making.
Embodiment 4
There are tens of refrigerator vehicles in coastal certain the fishery products trading company in Zhejiang; All with diesel oil as power; Vehicle-mounted refrigeration equipment cold insulation is fresh-keeping, and power is about 200kw, if make the dimethyl ether fuel gas car into; Adopt the directly mode of vaporization in the row's () in refrigerator carriage of dme, owing to the vp of dme under-20 ℃ environment is 1.25kg/cm
2(cutting off), normal vaporization, in the refrigerator carriage as long as the temperature of the frozen freight that guarantees to be transported at-8 ℃ ~-10 ℃.
Diesel consumption by 193 grams/kilowatt. time * 200 kilowatt=38.6kg/H, 38.6kg/H * 1.05 ten thousand kcal/kg * 1.112 m
3/ kcal=450.7 m
3/ H (exhaust gas volumn).
Use dimethyl ether fuel gas instead and only produce 270 m
3The exhaust gas volumn of/H is improved the obvious social benefit of environment, and economic benefit is also very outstanding, and the price of dme is about 50% of a diesel-fuel price.
Behind the liquid dimethyl ether low-temperature vaporization, accomplish the abundant comprehensive utilization of the energy, brought huge social benefit and economic benefit, met the Energy policy of current energy-saving and emission-reduction.
Liquid dimethyl ether of the present invention is as combustion gas and refrigeration source, and idiographic flow or be called the method for using behind the liquid dimethyl ether low-temperature vaporization can be two kinds (seeing accompanying drawing 1,2):
First kind of flow process (seeing accompanying drawing 1): liquid dimethyl ether is stored in the dme liquid pressure hold-up vessel; Feed then in the horizontal-type evaporator, horizontal-type evaporator through vaporizer, carries out heat exchange with the air in the external world with liquid dimethyl ether; " gas " is changed heat absorption; Reach the refrigerating effect, low-temperature receiver pumps into the refrigerating brine import through pump, and refrigerating brine freezes or ice making through freezing comb then; Further carry out preservation by low temperature or freezing, refrigeration fishery products again, the chilled brine that comes out gets into horizontal-type evaporator in the import through refrigerating brine and carries out recycle; In addition, the gaseous dimethyl that produces through horizontal-type evaporator is through the burning that acts as a fuel of spark arrester, reducing valve, entering engine gas burning system.
Second kind of flow process (seeing accompanying drawing 2): liquid dimethyl ether is stored in the dme liquid pressure hold-up vessel; Directly getting into comb then vaporizes; Carry out heat exchange with the air in the external world, " gas " is changed heat absorption, reaches the refrigerating effect; Low-temperature receiver through liquid import entering need to freeze, in the product of freezing, refrigeration or preservation of fishery needs; Become gaseous state after the outflow, gaseous dimethyl goes out the interruption-forming gaseous dimethyl through gaseous state, through the burning that acts as a fuel of spark arrester, reducing valve, entering engine gas burning system.
The equipment that above-mentioned flowchart process adopts is the industry conventional equipment.
Claims (3)
1. the application of liquid dimethyl ether behind low-temperature vaporization; It is characterized in that: the dimethyl ether fuel gas that liquid dimethyl ether generates behind low-temperature vaporization; Substitute oil and gas and use combustion gas as car, ship power, produced simultaneously heat flux is as the cold energy source of refrigeration and ice making.
2. the application of liquid dimethyl ether as claimed in claim 1 behind low-temperature vaporization is characterized in that: liquid dimethyl ether is vaporized under normal temperature to-20 ℃ condition, and obtains the cold energy source of the heat flux of 85kcal/kg ~ 110kcal/kg as refrigeration and ice making.
3. the application of liquid dimethyl ether as claimed in claim 1 behind low-temperature vaporization is characterized in that: the mass fraction of liquid dimethyl ether >=99.0%.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110339073.XA CN102433179B (en) | 2011-11-01 | 2011-11-01 | Use of product of low-temperature gasification of liquid dimethyl ether |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110339073.XA CN102433179B (en) | 2011-11-01 | 2011-11-01 | Use of product of low-temperature gasification of liquid dimethyl ether |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102433179A true CN102433179A (en) | 2012-05-02 |
| CN102433179B CN102433179B (en) | 2014-07-16 |
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|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111946493A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2020-11-17 | 象山永锋旅游开发有限公司 | Comprehensive application of dimethyl ether energy source to substitute diesel oil on fishery boat |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11293263A (en) * | 1998-04-06 | 1999-10-26 | Jgc Corp | Town gas, and process and apparatus for producing the same |
| CN1247301A (en) * | 1999-08-04 | 2000-03-15 | 谢红飞 | Method for utilizing cold generated on gasifying liquefied petroleum gas |
| WO2004038218A1 (en) * | 2002-10-23 | 2004-05-06 | Viktor Vladimirovich Kushin | Gravitational steam power hydroelectric plant |
| CN101210207A (en) * | 2006-12-31 | 2008-07-02 | 上海联翔置业有限公司 | Mixed flue gas blendedwith air and dimethyl ether and preparation method thereof |
| CN101629068A (en) * | 2009-08-13 | 2010-01-20 | 上海联翔置业有限公司 | Application of dimethyl ether |
| CN201461077U (en) * | 2009-05-26 | 2010-05-12 | 杨勇华 | Dimethyl ether gas internal combustion engine |
-
2011
- 2011-11-01 CN CN201110339073.XA patent/CN102433179B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11293263A (en) * | 1998-04-06 | 1999-10-26 | Jgc Corp | Town gas, and process and apparatus for producing the same |
| CN1247301A (en) * | 1999-08-04 | 2000-03-15 | 谢红飞 | Method for utilizing cold generated on gasifying liquefied petroleum gas |
| WO2004038218A1 (en) * | 2002-10-23 | 2004-05-06 | Viktor Vladimirovich Kushin | Gravitational steam power hydroelectric plant |
| CN101210207A (en) * | 2006-12-31 | 2008-07-02 | 上海联翔置业有限公司 | Mixed flue gas blendedwith air and dimethyl ether and preparation method thereof |
| CN201461077U (en) * | 2009-05-26 | 2010-05-12 | 杨勇华 | Dimethyl ether gas internal combustion engine |
| CN101629068A (en) * | 2009-08-13 | 2010-01-20 | 上海联翔置业有限公司 | Application of dimethyl ether |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111946493A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2020-11-17 | 象山永锋旅游开发有限公司 | Comprehensive application of dimethyl ether energy source to substitute diesel oil on fishery boat |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
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