CN102432213A - Method for manufacturing electric registance stone - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing electric registance stone Download PDFInfo
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- CN102432213A CN102432213A CN2011102749694A CN201110274969A CN102432213A CN 102432213 A CN102432213 A CN 102432213A CN 2011102749694 A CN2011102749694 A CN 2011102749694A CN 201110274969 A CN201110274969 A CN 201110274969A CN 102432213 A CN102432213 A CN 102432213A
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- natural stone
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/0072—Heat treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/4505—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements characterised by the method of application
- C04B41/4535—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements characterised by the method of application applied as a solution, emulsion, dispersion or suspension
- C04B41/4543—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements characterised by the method of application applied as a solution, emulsion, dispersion or suspension by spraying, e.g. by atomising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/90—Electrical properties
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Abstract
Electric resistance stone materials and a method for manufacturing the same are provided to reduce a step voltage and a contact voltage and to maintain high electric resistance for a long period of time by securing water repellent characteristic and non-repairing characteristic based on a silicon water repellent layer. A method for manufacturing electric resistance stone materials(1) includes the following: A composition containing (A) components and (B) components is prepared. The composition is attached to the surface of dry natural stone(2) of 5-50mm diameters. A heat treating process is implemented at a temperature between 50 and 250 degrees Celsius. The (A) components are organopolysiloxane containing at least three Si-H bonds in one molecule, and the (B) components are platinum catalysts.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to keep for a long time the resistance stone material and the method for manufacture thereof of high resistance.
Background technology
In the maintenance of electric power, communication and railway etc., inspection, management etc., need guarantee to protect the operating environment of operator away from the safety of getting an electric shock etc.And, as a method that is used for this, from (the japanese kokai publication hei 6-235102 communiques such as anti-electric clothes that propose to be used to protect health to use away from the outdoors of thunder and lightning; Patent documentation 1) sets out, consider to utilize special operation clothes to prevent electric shock etc.
Yet, around facilities such as electric power, communication or railway,, make the ground surface current flow into the earth sometimes in order to ensure having produced the isochronous safety of abnormal voltage, the operator that around facility, carry out operation might be coupled with voltage or touch voltage between the step.In addition, voltage between the so-called step is meant when earthing pole flows through big electric current, in the point-to-point transmission generation potential difference on surface, the face of land, is added in the voltage between the bipod of human body because the current potential of the earth tilts thus; Said touch voltage is meant when when earthing pole flows through big electric current, because the inclination of the current potential of the earth and at the object of ground connection with leave slightly and produce potential difference between the ground surface of this object, is added in the voltage on the human body under human body and the situation that the object of ground connection contacts.So, in order to prevent these generation, consider still always to wear special anti-electric clothes with preventing electric clothes etc., there is problems such as causing the reduction of operation property, in addition,, hope to reduce voltage and touch voltage between the said step in order further to guarantee security.The resistance stone material of voltage and touch voltage is that effectively (spy opens the 2007-191371 communique: patent documentation 2) to resistance stone material after the inventor has proposed with silicon-type waterproof overlay film the surface of natural stone to be handled between the step as reducing.But, on weather resistance, have problems for abrasive effect.And then, as the overlay film that contains Si-H siloxanes and tin catalyst comprising shown in the concrete example, owing to contain tin compound, aspect environment, the toxicity aspect also leaves problem.
In addition, though the inventor proposed to the scheme that contains the waterproof gravel that Si-H siloxanes and platinum catalyst handle (No. 3804759 communique of patent: patent documentation 3), to the understanding of resistive and wear-resisting axle property and not exclusively.
Patent documentation 1: japanese kokai publication hei 6-235102 communique
Patent documentation 2: TOHKEMY 2007-191371 communique
Patent documentation 3: No. 3804759 communique of Japanese Patent
Summary of the invention
The present invention accomplishes in view of above-mentioned thing, purpose be to provide resistance value few because of the deterioration that abrasion cause, aspect environment, resistance stone material and method of manufacture thereof that the toxicity aspect is all no problem.
The inventor etc. have carried out active research for realizing above-mentioned purpose; The result finds; Making with the organopolysiloxane that contains three Si-H keys in 1 molecule at least and platinum catalyst, preferably reacting control agent in addition is the surface of the compsn that forms of principal constituent attached to the dry natural stone of particle diameter 5～50mm; Under 50～250 ℃, carry out heat treated; But obtain thus stable for extended periods of time high resistance, be layed in electric related facility around and to reducing voltage between the step, touch voltage effective resistance stone material, until accomplishing the present invention.
Thereby the present invention provides following resistance stone material and method of manufacture thereof.
First invention:
The resistance stone material is characterized in that,
Make and contain
(A) in 1 molecule, contain at least three Si-H keys organopolysiloxane 100 mass parts,
(B) platinum catalyst 0.0001～10 mass parts
Compsn attached to the surface of the dry natural stone of particle diameter 5～50mm, carry out heat treated and form.
Second invention:
Like the described resistance stone material of first invention, with respect to 100 mass parts (A) composition, compsn also contains 0.01～10 mass parts (C) reaction control agent.
The 3rd invention:
The method of manufacture of resistance stone material is characterized in that, makes and contains
(A) in 1 molecule, contain at least three Si-H keys organopolysiloxane 100 mass parts,
(B) platinum catalyst 0.0001～10 mass parts
Compsn attached to the surface of the dry natural stone of particle diameter 5～50mm, under 50～250 ℃, carry out heat treated.
The 4th invention:
Like the method for manufacture of the described resistance stone material of the 3rd invention, with respect to 100 mass parts (A) composition, compsn also contains 0.01～10 mass parts (C) reaction control agent.
The 5th invention:
Method of manufacture like the described resistance stone material of the 3rd or the 4th invention; In the rotating cylinder that the natural stone input of particle diameter 5～50mm is rotated through rotating driving device; The heating unit that utilization is attached to rotating cylinder carries out drying, heating to said natural stone; Simultaneously, utilize the spraying plant that is attached to rotating cylinder, natural stone is handled to said natural stone spraying claim 3 or 4 described compsns.
The effect of invention
According to the present invention; Utilize wear resistant excellent, aspect environment, organic silicon water-proofing layer that the toxicity aspect is no problem can obtain water-repellancy and non-water-retentivity; Even therefore person walks, be exposed in the water, the exsiccant natural stone is not moisture yet, do not get wet, through keeping high resistance for a long time; Through around the facility of electric association etc., laying this natural stone, can reduce voltage and touch voltage between the step.
Need to prove,, be illustrated in the facility that the possibility that flows out electric current is arranged of electric power, communication or railway on every side as electric related facility.
Under this situation,, just can control the curing reaction time when handling, so uniform coating overlay film can be provided on the natural stone surface as long as make compsn contain the control agent that responds.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the resistance stone material of embodiments of the invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the side elevational view that the part that is used to obtain this resistance stone material is formed the manufacturing installation of section;
Fig. 3 is the plat of this manufacturing installation;
Fig. 4 explains that this makes the sectional view of use-case;
Fig. 5 is the stereographic map of the determinator of resistance;
Fig. 6 is the experiment product and the graphic representation of the resistivity of article and sand relatively in the comparing embodiment 1;
Fig. 7 is this experiment product and the graphic representation of the water signature of article relatively;
Fig. 8 is the time diagram of this manufacturing process of explanation.
Description of reference numerals
1 resistance stone material
2 natural stones
3 comprise the curing overlay film of organopolysiloxane and platinum catalyst
11 manufacturing installations
13 rotating cylinders
14 rotating driving devices
16 heating units
21 sparging unit
30 electric related facilities
Embodiment
In resistance stone material of the present invention, as natural stone, can enumerate grouan, sand rock, slate clay etc., preferred river gravel.Use the natural stone of particle diameter 5～50mm, particularly 20～40mm.No matter particle diameter less than 5mm, still greater than 50mm, all can not get the grounding resistance as target sometimes.Need to prove that so-called particle diameter is a mean outside diameter, specifically can measure with slide calliper rule.
In addition; In resistance stone material of the present invention; The organopolysiloxane (A) that constitutes the compsn of handling natural stone is the organic radical hydrogen polysiloxanes that contains three Si-H keys in 1 molecule at least; So long as contain the just not special restriction of the organic radical hydrogen polysiloxanes of three Si-H keys in 1 molecule at least, but the organic radical hydrogen polysiloxanes of preferably representing with formula.
〔SiO
2]
p[RSiO
3/2]
q[R
2SiO]
r〔R
3SiO
1/2]
s
Here; R is alkyl or the aryl of carbon number 1～20 of the carbon number 1～20 of Wasserstoffatoms, identical or different kind; Specifically can enumerate: methyl, ethyl, propyl group, butyl, amyl group, hexyl, heptyl, octyl group, decyl, tetradecyl, octadecyl, phenyl, tolyl, naphthyl etc., but hydrogen former beyond preferable methyl.Integer, r that p, q, s are respectively more than 0 are the integer more than 3, and preferred p is 0～5, q is 0～10, s is 0～50, r is 3～1000, and further preferred p is 0～2, q is 0～5, s is 0～10, r is 3～500.
In the present invention; Think that the binding property with respect to base material can show through the Wasserstoffatoms with silicon atom bonding; Therefore the ratio of the Siliciumatom of the preferred Wasserstoffatoms Direct Bonding of above-mentioned organopolysiloxane is more than the whole 50 quality %, more preferably more than the 70 quality %.In addition, the ratio of the Siliciumatom of Wasserstoffatoms Direct Bonding also can be 100 quality %.Molecular structure about this organopolysiloxane does not limit especially, can be in chain, branched, the ring-type any, but consider that from the viewpoint of processibility the viscosity in the time of preferred 25 ℃ is 5～50000mPas, more preferably 5～5000mPas.In addition, this viscosity is for using the value of rotary viscosity timing.
As the concrete example of this organopolysiloxane, can enumerate the organopolysiloxane of following formula (1)～(4).
[changing 1]
Wherein, the organopolysiloxane of preferred formula (1)～(3) organopolysiloxane, particularly formula (1).
Such organopolysiloxane can synthesize through known method.For example, in the presence of the such catalyzer of sulfuric acid, through making annular siloxane, SWS- F 221s, 1,1,3 such as the annular siloxane that contains the Si-H key and octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, 3-tetramethyl disiloxane etc. carries out balanced reaction and obtains.The known method in the past of cohydrolysis condensation reaction that in addition, also can be through dimethyl dichlorosilane (DMCS), trimethylchlorosilane, dimethylchlorosilane etc. is synthesized.
Then, be the catalyzer that to contain Si-H key organopolysiloxane crosslinking curing and cooperate in order to make as the platinum catalyst of (B) composition, specifically, can enumerate for example Platinic chloride, pure modification Platinic chloride, Platinic chloride-vinylsiloxane complex compound etc.In these platinic compound, the complex compound of optimal ethylene radical siloxane and platinic compound, further to its Platinic chloride that carries out being put down in writing in the compound after the pure modification, the preferred especially special public clear 33-9969 communique or the complex compound of vinylsiloxane and Platinic chloride.(B) use level of composition is 0.0001～10 mass parts with respect to 100 mass parts (A) composition, does not have the crosslinking catalyst effect during less than 0.0001 mass parts, surpasses 10 mass parts, does not have advantage, uneconomical.Be preferably 0.005～1 mass parts.
Need to prove the crosslinking reaction that should (A) composition can carry out dehydrogenation simultaneously, the therefore preferred control agent that adds the control reaction with (B) composition because at blended.As the reaction control agent, can enumerate the acetylenic compound put down in writing in the public clear 44-31476 communique of acetylene alcohol or special Japan, the special fair 1-12786 communique of Japan etc.
The use level of this reaction control agent is 0.01～10 mass parts with respect to 100 mass parts (A) composition, preferred especially 0.05～3 mass parts.When being less than 0.01 mass parts, can not fully obtain sometimes to react the effect that control agent cooperates, when more than 10 mass parts, it is too slow that cross-linking and curing reaction becomes sometimes.
The method of manufacture of resistance stone material be for above-mentioned compsn (treatment solution) directly or with solvent dilute become the emulsion state coating or add be mixed in stone material after, make it form crosslinked overlay film and under 50～250 ℃, carry out methods of heating treatment on the surface.To the not special restriction of spendable solvent at this moment, carry out the dissolved solvent and get final product so long as contain Si-H key organopolysiloxane.But illustration aromatic hydrocarbons (toluene, YLENE), aliphatic hydrocarbon (sherwood oil, white spirit, kerosene etc.), Virahol etc.The also not special restriction of emulsifying agent during emulsification can be used nonionic surfactant, anionic surfactant, cationic surfactant, amphoterics etc.If 50 ℃ of treatment temp less thaies, reaction needed overspending time then, therefore impracticable, being higher than under 250 ℃ the situation, might cause organosilyl decomposition, therefore need 50～250 ℃.At this moment, the treatment capacity of above-mentioned compsn (treatment solution) is 0.1～20 quality % with respect to stone material preferably.When treatment capacity was less than 0.1 quality %, wearability lacked, even also can not get wear-resistant effect further more than 20 quality %, has uneconomic situation that becomes.Need to prove that the treatment time can suitably be selected, but preferred 1～8 hour, preferred especially 3～5 hours.
Followingly embodiments of the invention are described with reference to accompanying drawing.Fig. 1 representes the resistance stone material of embodiments of the invention; As shown in the drawing; Resistance stone material 1 is that the natural stone 2 with particle diameter 5～40mm carries out drying; Surface at this dried natural stone 2 forms the curing overlay film 3 that comprises organopolysiloxane and platinum catalyst, and said curing overlay film is the overlay film that natural stone 2 is provided water-repellancy and non-water-retentivity.
[embodiment 1]
When the manufacturing installation of said resistance stone material 1 11 is described with the method for manufacture of using it; Like Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3; Manufacturing installation 11 possesses the mixing device 12 that fixedly installs; This mixing device 12 possesses the rotating driving device 14 that the rotating cylinder 13 that is obliquely installed rotationally, rotation drive this rotating cylinder 13, and this rotating driving device 14 can use the oil motor that the engine with said mixing device 12 rotates as power etc.Need to prove, be provided with the input port 13A of the said natural stone 2 of input at the longitudinal direction upside of rotating cylinder 13.
Be provided with base 15 at the rear of said mixing device 12; On this base 15, be provided with the heating unit 16 that the natural stone 2 in the said rotating cylinder 13 is heated, this heating unit 16 possesses: with kerosene be fuel well heater 17, will be sent into fan 18 in the said rotating cylinder 13, connect the air-supply pipeline 19 in this fan 18 and the said rotating cylinder 13 by the air of the flame heating of this well heater 17 as air supply path.
In addition, be provided with the spraying plant 21 that natural stone 2 spraying in said rotating cylinder 13 comprises the mixed solution of organopolysiloxane, platinum catalyst on the said base 15.This spraying plant 21 possesses: storage comprise the mixed solution of organopolysiloxane, platinum catalyst chemical jar 22, be located in the chemical pump 22 and the chemical pipeline 23 between in the said rotating cylinders 13 as the chemical road, be located at said chemical jar 22 sides of this chemical pipeline 23 chemical pump 24, be located at said rotating cylinder 13 sides of said chemical pipeline 23 pressure warning unit measuring tank 25, be located in the said chemical pipeline 23 and with a plurality of nozzles 26 of the mixed solution that comprises organopolysiloxane, platinum catalyst of the natural stone 2 in the said rotating cylinder 13 of atomized spray and as the compressor 27 of the propulsion source of said chemical pump 24, said a plurality of nozzles 26 are in the turning axle direction parallel connection configuration of rotating cylinder 13.
And the end side of said air-supply pipeline 19 and chemical pipeline 23 passes input port 13A to said rotating cylinder 13, and utilizes base 15 to be supported on its rotation center side cantilever-shapedly, thus, is configured with the mode of the rotation that do not hinder rotating cylinder 13
In addition, be provided with the gear 31 of the driving of the said manufacturing installation 11 of control,, use metering, temperature control panel etc. as this gear 31.In addition; Be provided with the TP 20 of measuring the temperature in the said rotating cylinder 13; This TP 20 is located in said air-supply pipeline 19 or the chemical pipeline 23 in the said rotating cylinder 13 etc., and the temperature data of being measured by said TP 20 is outputed to said gear 31, and control heating unit 16 is so that reach the temperature of regulation in the rotating cylinder 13; Specifically, control the air-supply of firepower with the tube blower fan 18 of jet well heater 17.In addition; The pressure data and the continuous data of the mixed solution of measuring with said pressure warning unit measuring tank 25 that comprises organopolysiloxane, platinum catalyst are outputed to said gear 31; Said gear 31 control spraying plants 21; Make and when the pressure of the mixed solution that comprises organopolysiloxane, platinum catalyst of said nozzle 26 is delivered in adjustment, regulate amount to the mixed solution that comprises organopolysiloxane, platinum catalyst of rotating cylinder 13 internal sprayings.
Then, the example to the method for manufacture of the resistance stone material 1 that uses said manufacturing installation 11 describes.To one ton of natural stone 2, mix the following formula of using
Change 2
The expression the 10 quality % toluene solution 100g that contain Si-H key organopolysiloxane 10kg and ethynylcyclohexanol, further add 0.5 quality % toluene solution 50g of Platinic chloride-vinylsiloxane complex compound after, with the mixture that obtains as treatment solution.
In experiment, with about 4～5 tons of natural stones, 2 disposable input rotating cylinders 13.Therefore, the component proportions of organopolysiloxane treatment solution is 4～5 times of said value.To natural stone 2, the natural stone that will in suite of equipment factory, carry out drying treatment drops into rotating cylinder 13, roughly carrying out about 4～5 hours heat treated under 120 ℃, in this heating treatment step, rotating cylinder 13 is rotated continuously.About 2 hours of first operation of heat treated, the organopolysiloxane treatment solution of not spraying utilizes the natural stones 2 in 16 pairs of rotating cylinders of heating unit 13 to carry out heat drying, makes water ratio reach roughly 0 quality %.Then; About about 2～3 hours of second operation of heat treated; The surface of natural stone 2 is heated to reach 100 ℃～120 ℃, during beginning about 30～60 minutes from the 2nd operation, from the natural stone 2 spraying organopolysiloxane treatment solutions of a plurality of nozzles 26 to rotation; Organopolysiloxane treatment solution sintering on the surface of natural stone 2, is formed the curing overlay film 3 that comprises organopolysiloxane and platinum catalyst.Then second operation of heat treated and carry out refrigerating work procedure in this refrigerating work procedure, stops to utilize the heating of heating unit 16, with carrying out naturally cooling in about 1 hour.
The explanation that needs be; Also can natural stone 2 be impregnated in the organopolysiloxane treatment solution; Carry out sintering processes afterwards; But owing to the 2 spraying organopolysiloxane treatment solutions of the natural stone in the rotating cylinder 13 of rotation, therefore can make the surface of natural stone 2 spread all over the organopolysiloxane treatment solution, can form the curing overlay film that comprises organopolysiloxane and platinum catalyst 3 of stabilizing quality with impartial and uniform quality.In addition, the time the time of the spraying organopolysiloxane treatment solution in the 2nd operation of heat treated, be preferably set to 1～2.5 hour; If less than 1 hour for the processing of the natural stone more than 1 ton 2, might produce the inadequate place of sintering; And when surpassing 2.5 hours, even surpassing its operation does not also change, only be that manufacturing cost rises; Therefore, be set at the time of above-mentioned scope
And; Even carried out the natural stone 2 of heat drying with suite of equipment (plant); Medium in the input operation, also might absorb some moisture, therefore as stated; Through before spraying organopolysiloxane treatment solution, natural stone 2 being carried out heat drying, can form the curing overlay film 3 that comprises organopolysiloxane and platinum catalyst on the surface of natural stone 2 that water ratio is roughly the state of 0 quality %.
In above-mentioned method of manufacture, the 2nd operation of heat treated is set at 2 hours, since the 2nd operation spray the organopolysiloxane treatment solution during about 45 minutes and the resistance stone material 1 that obtains as experiment product.
[comparative example 1]
Except that 10 quality % toluene solution 100g with 0.5 quality % toluene solution 50g of Platinic chloride-ethene siloxanes complex compound of embodiment 1 and ethynylcyclohexanol change to 50 quality % toluene solution 1kg of two LAURIC ACID 99 MIN dioctyl tins and embodiment 1 likewise operate and the resistance stone material 2 that obtains as article relatively
Measure the said experiment product and the resistivity of article relatively here.Need to prove, utilize the principle of volume by volume concentration to measure resistivity (resistance value).At first, when measuring principle is described, as shown in Figure 5; For determinator; Both sides at the tank 51 of acrylic acid or the like manufacturing dispose battery lead plate 52,52 made of copper, apply source power supply at 52,52 at these electrodes, utilize the voltage determination resistance value at circuital current and battery lead plate 52,52 two ends.This resistance R is with following (formula 1) expression.Need to prove, the width of said battery lead plate 52 * highly be 100mm * 100mm.
R=ρ L/A (formula 1)
Here, ρ: the resistivity of the catalyzer of tank
L: the length of tank
A: the area of battery lead plate
During with the size substitution (formula 1) of determinator shown in Figure 5, resistivity R is following (formula 2).
ρ=RA/L=0.05 * R (formula 2)
If medium is fluid or clay, then medium is added in the tank, through measuring resistance estimated electrical resistance rate easily, but be experiment product or relatively under the situation of article, owing to the generation gap, can not directly measure.
So, the amount that adds the medium in the tank is converted into volume by volume concentration.The definition of volume by volume concentration γ utilizes following (formula 3).
γ=Vs/Vo (formula 3)
Here, Vs: the volume of medium
Vo: the volume of tank
Because the volume by volume concentration as the natural stone of medium does not reach 100%, therefore measure and be regarded as 100% o'clock resistivity through extrapotation.
For confirming to experimentize as medium with sand based on the availability of the measuring method of above-mentioned measuring principle.
In determinator shown in Figure 5, apply source power supply (10V), in tank 51, fill with tap water, put into sand.At this moment, measure the volume of the water that overflows from tap water, obtain the volume of sand thus, measure electric current simultaneously and obtain resistance, obtain resistivity through the contrary formula of above-mentioned (formula 2).This result is shown in Fig. 6.Here, to filling it up with in the tank 51 under the situation of exsiccant sand, that is, volume by volume concentration γ is that the result that 100% resistivity is measured is 7000 Ω m.
According to the experimental result shown in Fig. 6, carry out the data parsing of index return.When resolving, the relation of the resistivity y of sand and volume by volume concentration x (formula 4) described as follows that kind is supposed.
Y=ae
Bx+ c (formula 4)
The result who resolves is following constant.
a＝4.36×10
-3，b＝0.14，c＝58，
So during volume by volume concentration x=0, y=c=58 is the resistivity of water of tank 51.In addition, during volume by volume concentration x=100, y=7000 is the resistivity of sand.
Said experiment product and relatively under the situation of article, owing to produce the gap, volume by volume concentration is about 60%.So the formula in the time of will be for sand is inferred the constant a of index return curve as a reference.Here, b, the c with (formula 4) is made as necessarily.
At first, be that 60% o'clock resistivity 111 Ω m are basis when asking a with the volume by volume concentration under the experiment product situation, a=0.010.Be that 60% o'clock resistivity 111 Ω m are basis when asking a likewise with the volume by volume concentration under the article situation relatively, a=0.010.Thus, obtain the experiment product and the constant of the formula of article relatively, it is shown in below table 1.
Table 1
| a | b | c | |
| Experiment product | 0.01 | 0.143 | 58 |
| Article relatively | 0.01 | 0.143 | 58 |
For the experiment product and the situation of article relatively, volume by volume concentration does not reach 100%.So the empirical formula with (formula 4) is set at 100% through extrapotation with volume by volume concentration, estimated electrical resistance rate R.
In (formula 4), establish x=100, the constant shown in the substitution table 1, experiment product, relatively the resistivity of article is 24000 Ω m.Need to prove that in experiment repeatedly, resistivity shows and to be roughly ± 5% value.
Need to prove that Fig. 7 is the expression experiment product and the coordinate diagram of the water signature of article relatively, Fig. 8 is the schema that manufacturing process is described.
Then, for the wear resistant of resistance stone material is estimated, in the cylindrical vessel of diameter 15cm, height 30cm, add half amount of experiment product to container, this container rotation 20 is changeed after, take out as the experiment product after the wear test.Likewise prepare the relatively article after the wear test.
Use experiment product and article relatively after this wear test, fill with tap water, measure the variation that lasts of resistivity to the tank 51 of the determinator shown in Fig. 5.Relatively article after experiment product after the wear test and the wear test are exposed in the tap water; Thus; Relatively article after the wear test contain water; Show the tendency that resistivity reduces, but the experiment product after the wear test is kept water-repellancy that the curing overlay film 3 that comprises organopolysiloxane and platinum catalyst brings and not moisture, resistance is constant.
So for article relatively, initial electrical resistivity is 24000 Ω m, but, therefore find that resistivity reduces about 15% owing to contain moisture.Relative therewith, for experiment product, initial electrical resistivity is 24000 Ω m, because water-repellancy is arranged, does not therefore find the reduction of resistivity.
Then; When an instance of the method for use of said resistance stone material 1 is described, as shown in Figure 4, at electric related facility 30 and ground surfaces on every side 31 thereof such as electric power, communication, railways; Lay anti-blade 32, stratiform is laid resistance stone material 1 on this anti-blade 32.As said anti-blade 32, use sheet materials such as polyester non-woven fabric with ventilation property and water-permeable, the bed thickness of said resistance stone material 1 is made as 30～50mm degree, sets according to the working conditions of the voltage that produces etc.Need to prove that said ground surface 31 is made up of banket or soil removal and replacement etc., has water-permeable.In addition, in Fig. 4, as electric related facility 30, diagram has the iron tower of electric substation and transmission line, and is as shown in the drawing in addition, and anti-blade 32,32 end is each other overlapped, and formation coincidence part 32A utilizes tackiness agent etc. that the end is bonded to each other.
Like this, through the layer of the resistance stone material 1 that resistivity height, resistivity do not reduce is set, even produce abnormal voltage by facility, electric current drains to ground surface, and the resistance of layer that also can be through resistance stone material 1 reduces voltage and touch voltage between the step.
In the present embodiment, owing to be formed with the excellent curing overlay film that comprises organopolysiloxane and platinum catalyst 3 of wear resistant on the surface of the natural stone 2 of exsiccant particle diameter 5～40mm, so can obtain water-repellancy and non-water-retentivity; So even be exposed in the water, exsiccant natural stone 2 is not moisture yet, do not get wet; The high resistance of long-term maintenance; So, through with common gravel etc. likewise with this natural stone 2 be laid on facility around, can reduce voltage and touch voltage between the step.
In addition, in the present embodiment, waterproof layer is the excellent curing overlay film that comprises organopolysiloxane and platinum catalyst 3 of wear resistant, therefore, becomes the resistance stone material 1 with high water-repellancy and non-water-retentivity, and can keep resistive performance for a long time.
In addition; In the present embodiment; Owing to be that natural stone 2 with particle diameter 5～40mm carries out heat drying, these exsiccant natural stone 2 spraying organopolysiloxane treatment solutions, heat-agglomerating are formed the curing overlay film 3 that comprises organopolysiloxane and platinum catalyst on the surface of natural stone 2, therefore; Through with the spraying of organopolysiloxane treatment solution, heating, sintering, can make resistance stone material 1 with high water-repellancy and non-water-retentivity.
In addition, like this, in the present embodiment; Owing to possess: be used for resistance stone material 1 method of manufacture, drop into the rotating cylinder 13 that natural stone 2 is arranged and rotate, the heating unit 16 that the natural stones 2 in this rotating cylinder 13 are heated, and the spray spraying plant 21 of organopolysiloxane treatment solutions of the natural stone in rotating cylinder 13 2 through rotating driving device 14; Therefore; Make through rotating driving device 14 and to drop into rotating cylinder 13 rotations that natural stone 2 is arranged, simultaneously, utilize that heating unit 16 heats, drying; Utilize spraying plant 21 to these natural stone that has heated 2 spraying organopolysiloxane treatment solutions; And then, utilize heating unit 21 to heat, can form the curing overlay film that comprises organopolysiloxane and platinum catalyst 3 that sintering has the organopolysiloxane treatment solution on the surface of natural stone 2 simply.
In addition, as the effect of embodiment aspect,, therefore,, become effective means for voltage and touch voltage between the step through laying it because resistance stone material 1 keeps resistivity 24000 Ω m (22800～25200 Ω m).In addition, when laying anti-blade 32, resistance stone material 1 be non-water-retentivity, so can prevent the breeding of weeds.In addition, with of the turning axle direction parallel connection configuration of a plurality of nozzles 26, therefore can spray equably to the natural stone in the rotating cylinder 13 2 at rotating cylinder 13.
Need to prove that the present invention is not limited to the foregoing description, can implement various distortion.
Claims (5)
1. the resistance stone material is characterized in that,
Make and contain
(A) in 1 molecule, contain at least three Si-H keys organopolysiloxane 100 mass parts,
(B) platinum catalyst 0.0001～10 mass parts
Compsn attached to the surface of the dry natural stone of particle diameter 5～50mm, carry out heat treated and form.
2. resistance stone material as claimed in claim 1, wherein, with respect to 100 mass parts (A) composition, compsn also contains 0.01～10 mass parts (C) reaction control agent.
3. the method for manufacture of resistance stone material is characterized in that,
Make and contain
(A) in 1 molecule, contain at least three Si-H keys organopolysiloxane 100 mass parts,
(B) platinum catalyst 0.0001～10 mass parts
Compsn attached to the surface of the dry natural stone of particle diameter 5～50mm, under 50～250 ℃, carry out heat treated.
4. the method for manufacture of resistance stone material as claimed in claim 3, wherein, with respect to 100 mass parts (A) composition, compsn also contains 0.01～10 mass parts (C) reaction control agent.
5. the method for manufacture of claim 3 or 4 described resistance stone materials; Wherein, In the rotating cylinder that the natural stone input of particle diameter 5～50mm is rotated through rotating driving device, utilize the heating unit that is attached to rotating cylinder that said natural stone is carried out drying, heating, simultaneously; Utilization is attached to the spraying plant of rotating cylinder to said natural stone spraying claim 3 or 4 described compsns, and natural stone is handled.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010126818A JP2011251875A (en) | 2010-06-02 | 2010-06-02 | Electric-resistant stone material and method for manufacturing the same |
| JP2010-126818 | 2010-06-02 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102432213A true CN102432213A (en) | 2012-05-02 |
Family
ID=45416155
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011102749694A Pending CN102432213A (en) | 2010-06-02 | 2011-06-02 | Method for manufacturing electric registance stone |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2011251875A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20110132519A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102432213A (en) |
| TW (1) | TW201223920A (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1568733A1 (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2005-08-31 | Abb Research Ltd. | Porous inorganic filler particles having an organopolysiloxane coating for use in curable casting compositions |
| JP3804759B2 (en) * | 2001-02-21 | 2006-08-02 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | Water repellent gravel and method for producing the same |
| JP2007191371A (en) * | 2006-01-20 | 2007-08-02 | Grassnon:Kk | Electric resistant stone material and method and apparatus for manufacturing the same |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05163083A (en) * | 1991-12-13 | 1993-06-29 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Method for treating stone |
| JPH10279346A (en) * | 1997-04-01 | 1998-10-20 | Hanshin Doro Kanri Kk | Water repellent soil particles and water repellent inorganic particles |
| JP3637954B2 (en) * | 1999-05-10 | 2005-04-13 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | Coating material |
-
2010
- 2010-06-02 JP JP2010126818A patent/JP2011251875A/en active Pending
-
2011
- 2011-05-30 KR KR1020110051339A patent/KR20110132519A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-06-01 TW TW100119207A patent/TW201223920A/en unknown
- 2011-06-02 CN CN2011102749694A patent/CN102432213A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3804759B2 (en) * | 2001-02-21 | 2006-08-02 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | Water repellent gravel and method for producing the same |
| EP1568733A1 (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2005-08-31 | Abb Research Ltd. | Porous inorganic filler particles having an organopolysiloxane coating for use in curable casting compositions |
| JP2007191371A (en) * | 2006-01-20 | 2007-08-02 | Grassnon:Kk | Electric resistant stone material and method and apparatus for manufacturing the same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20110132519A (en) | 2011-12-08 |
| JP2011251875A (en) | 2011-12-15 |
| TW201223920A (en) | 2012-06-16 |
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Application publication date: 20120502 |