All-welded plate shell type stainless steel condenser and application thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to condenser and the application thereof of power plant therrmodynamic system, particularly relate to the main auxiliary equipment of condensing turbine, all-welded plate shell type stainless steel condenser and application thereof.
Background technology
Along with energy supply day is becoming tight, environment worsens increasingly, and the hope of people's generic request sustainable development is increasingly strong.Energy-saving and cost-reducing importance first saving energy and reduce the cost as main interim task, has been given prominence to by China in Eleventh Five-Year Plan.For the power plant, condenser is the crucial heat transmission equipment of therrmodynamic system low-temperature receiver in the Steam Turbine, if can reduce steam turbine exhaust pressure and exhaust temperature, can improve thermal efficiency of cycle.This shows that condenser is the core of power plant Thermodynamic System for Energy-saving consumption reduction.Recent years, domestic except the imitated external large-scale power station condenser of Condenser Design factory introduction, some universities and colleges and research institution have also carried out the Performance of Condensers numerical simulation study, make newly-designed condenser obtain significant improvement.But still there are many problems in heat exchange structure and the fluid-flow mode of existing condenser in service.Bad such as the equipment tightness, large quantity of air causes the condenser heat transfer property to worsen from the negative pressure of the steam turbine condenser that partly bleeds; The tube bank design of condenser and layout cause main condensing zone air accumulation to occur, make condenser effective cooling area not enough, cause vapour locking to increase hot-well depression; Exhaust casing and condenser throat structure are not mated, and the condenser throat exit flow field distributes seriously inhomogeneous, and the effective heat transfer area of condenser is reduced, and reduce thermal performance.
In view of above defective needs to be resolved hurrily, contact this case inventor is once in the utility model patent of application on July 29th, 2005, and the patent No. is 20052114926X.The patented product full-welding plate-type flue gas heat-exchange unit has moved for many years, and heat transfer effect is always fine, has not only reduced the energy and water source consumption, has also reduced the atmospheric heat pollution, does not up to the present find leakage phenomenon.In the utility model patent of application on September 13rd, 2010, the patent No. is 2010205264200 to this case inventor again.This patent is to use the shell-and-plate heat exchange mode, is " cross-flow " and " adverse current " carries out heat exchange as the cold and hot fluid in the condenser heat exchange, although heat exchange efficiency be improved, desirable not enough, do not accomplish the end in view.
By continuous practice, the horizontal welded plate shell-type of patented product stainless steel condenser has been done further improvement, improve from the structure of device, improve from heat exchange method, change " cross-flow " and " adverse current " heat exchange is " following current cross-flow " heat exchange, improve heat transfer coefficient, just can accomplish to save energy and reduce the cost, benefit the nation and the people.
Summary of the invention
For the problem of above-mentioned existence, the objective of the invention is to substitute pipe shell type heat exchange with heat exchanger plate bundle group and be applied in the condenser, it is bad to solve the equipment tightness, worsens because leakage causes the condenser heat transfer property; The tube bank design and the shell-side space that also solve condenser are arranged by rule of thumb, main condensing zone air accumulation usually occurs, make condenser effective cooling area not enough, cause vapour locking to increase the problems such as hot-well depression; In addition, change the recirculated cooling water bottom in and top out into upper entering and lower leaving, with steam exhaust steam upper entering and lower leaving co-flow, all-welded plate shell type condenser and application thereof have been researched and developed, for domestic power plant provides direction at the relatively poor condenser retrofit of labour vacuum, improved the heat transfer property of condenser, accomplished energy-saving and cost-reducing.
The present invention is by the following technical solutions:
The all-welded plate shell type stainless steel condenser comprises housing, heat exchanger plate bundle group.
Housing, steam exhaust steam are high vacuum partly, are the suction type rectangular box.The rectangular box top is provided with the corresponding condenser throat of steam drain bore with discharge cylinder of steam turbine, and the throat left side is provided with manhole, and rectangular box left end top joins with former and later two circulating cooling water inlets; The rectangular box bottom of corresponding condenser throat joins with poly-steam chest, and both sides all arrange bleeding point before and after the poly-steam chest; Poly-steam chest bottom joins with the polywater chamber, and left side, polywater chamber is provided with manhole; Bottom, polywater chamber joins by pipeline and hot well, and the hot well lower left quarter is provided with condensation-water drain; Rectangular box left end below joins with former and later two circulating cooling water outs; The rectangular box middle part is provided with dividing plate, and casing is divided into upper tank and lower header.
Heat exchanger plate bundle group is comprised of the Thin Stainless Steel plate, has on it>=tongue and the groove of 6 ㎜, the degree of depth of the height=groove of tongue, two small convex grooves are arranged between tongue and the tongue, two little grooves are arranged between groove and the groove, described plate also claims convex-concave multiple spot shape stainless steel plate; Two plate longitudinal edges have been stacked vertically full welded seam, and tongue top, intermediate portion is relative to the tongue top the strong point, consist of steam exhaust steam runner, also claim the vapour side; Steam exhaust steam runner is single process from top to bottom, and namely the casing upper tank communicates with the steam exhaust steam runner of lower header; Two plate transverse edges have been stacked laterally full welded seam in addition, and the intermediate portion bottom portion of groove is relative to bottom portion of groove the strong point, consists of the circulating cooling water flow passage, also claims the water side; Described box partition is divided into 2 equal flow processs from top to bottom with the circulating cooling water flow passage, and the circulating cooling water flow passage of described upper tank is the 1st flow process, and the circulating cooling water flow passage of lower header is the 2nd flow process; Steam exhaust steam runner and a circulating cooling water flow passage consist of a plate bundle, and two consist of plate bundle group with the upper plate bundle, vertically are fixed in the rectangular box by connecting plate.
The application of all-welded plate shell type stainless steel condenser
The vapour side: the steam drain of steam exhaust steam by discharge cylinder of steam turbine, the condenser throat that docks with it enter the steam exhaust steam runner of rectangular box upper tank, are flowed into the steam exhaust steam runner of lower header from top to bottom by upper tank always.In heat exchanger plate bundle group, steam exhaust steam and recirculated cooling water are in convex-concave multiple spot shape stainless steel plate both sides, through from top to bottom after " following current cross-flow " heat exchange, finish the heat release of saturated vapor exhaust steam latent heat after, condense into many globules and be attached on the wall of convex-concave multiple spot shape stainless steel plate, and flow downward with the pearl form, until leave plate bundle group, converge to the water of poly-steam chest and polywater chamber, through hot well, flowed out by condensation-water drain, for boiler provides low enthalpy condensed water recycling;
Water side: the circulating cooling water flow passage that recirculated cooling water enters the casing upper tank by former and later two circulating cooling water inlets above the rectangular box left end, after the 1st flow process of flowing through from top to bottom, flow to box partition top, laterally flowing to the casing right-hand member turns back and enters the circulating cooling water flow passage of box partition bottom lower header again, after the 2nd flow process of flowing through from top to bottom, flow on the box bottom, former and later two circulating cooling water outs that laterally flow to again casing left end below flow out.In heat exchanger plate bundle group, recirculated cooling water and steam exhaust steam are in convex-concave multiple spot shape stainless steel plate both sides, through after top-down " following current cross-flow " heat exchange, after finishing the latent heat that absorbs steam exhaust steam release, leave plate bundle group, enter cooling device, recirculation after the cooling.
The steam exhaust steam is finished the latent heat heat release in condenser heat exchanger plate bundle group after, remaining mist enters poly-steam chest and polywater chamber, extract incoagulable mist out by the bleeding point that both sides before and after the poly-steam chest arrange, make steam exhaust steam rectangular box partly become the negative pressure state of high vacuum, to reduce steam turbine exhaust pressure and exhaust temperature, improve the therrmodynamic system thermal efficiency of cycle.
Utilize manhole to check condenser ruuning situation or keep in repair.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1. use heat exchanger plate bundle group to substitute pipe shell type heat exchange in condenser, it is bad to have overcome the equipment tightness, and large quantity of air causes the condenser heat transfer property to worsen from the negative pressure of the steam turbine condenser that partly bleeds; Also overcome tube bank design and the layout of condenser, caused main condensing zone air accumulation to occur, made condenser effective cooling area not enough, caused vapour locking to increase hot-well depression; Overcome simultaneously that to leak plugging too much because of cooling tube, caused the problems such as film-cooled heat minimizing.The application of heat exchanger plate bundle group has reduced heat transfer area, has improved heat transfer efficiency, has reduced equipment investment.
2. the Thin Stainless Steel plate is struck out convex-concave multiple spot shape plate, tongue on it and groove 〉=6mm, and two small convex grooves are arranged between tongue and the tongue, two little grooves are arranged between groove and the groove, not only meet steam exhaust steam and recirculated cooling water to the requirement of cross section of fluid channel, and this corrugated runner has the three-dimensional turbulence effect.Recirculated cooling water forms turbulent flow under lower flow velocity, augmentation of heat transfer; Heat exchange area has dwindled, and has but increased the heat exchange amount.The degree of depth of the height=groove of tongue adapts to the low requirement of high vacuum steam exhaust steam and recirculated cooling water heat exchange enthalpy drop, guarantees the economical operation of electricity generation system with this.
3. heat exchanger plate bundle group is taked vertical installation in condenser, and the steam exhaust steam runner of plate bundle group communicates from top to bottom, and the single process setting is conducive to the steam exhaust steam and becomes gradually low temperature liquid release latent heat by the low temperature steam state, and condensate water flows downward with the pearl form.So heat transfer efficiency is high, fluid-pressure drop is little.The circulating cooling water flow passage of plate bundle group is divided into the double-flow setting by dividing plate from top to bottom, make recirculated cooling water and steam exhaust steam in the passage of plate both sides, be " following current cross-flow " type of flow from top to bottom, during following current, porch recirculated cooling water and steam exhaust steam heat exchange, the temperature difference is larger, and the steam exhaust steam is quick setting very, and pressure drop is less, reduce vapour side flow resistance, improved heat transfer coefficient.Solved steam exhaust steam upper entering and lower leaving, and " cross-flow adverse current " type of flow of recirculated cooling water bottom in and top out, during adverse current, the condensed water heat exchange of circulating cooling water inlet and steam exhaust steam and circulating cooling water out and steam exhaust steam entrance have a narrow range of temperature, and are unfavorable for the problem that steam exhaust steam condensation or condensed water are excessively cold.
4. consist of the longitudinal seam of plate bundle group by two with the upper plate bundle and the horizontal position welding seam is full welding, and by connecting plate plate bundle group vertically is fixed in the rectangular box, not only prevent the distortion of plate bundle group, also solved the problem of Steam Condenser Leak.
5. the condenser throat after improving is corresponding with the steam drain bore of discharge cylinder of steam turbine, has solved the inhomogeneous problem of throat's exit flow field, and the effective heat transfer area of condenser is increased greatly.
6. poly-steam chest both sides all arrange bleeding point, can extract out the steam exhaust steam in heat exchanger plate bundle group, finish the latent heat heat release after remaining mist, the rectangular box of steam exhaust steam part becomes the negative pressure state of high vacuum, steam turbine exhaust pressure and exhaust temperature reduce, the therrmodynamic system thermal efficiency of cycle is improved, it is energy-saving and cost-reducing to meet electricity generation system, the economical operation requirement, and guarantee the safe operation of steam turbine.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 all-welded plate shell type stainless steel condenser overall structure schematic diagram;
The A-A cutaway view of Fig. 2 Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 stainless steel plate structure chart;
Fig. 4 heat exchanger plate bundle schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 heat exchanger plate bundle group longitudinal seam and horizontal position welding seam schematic diagram.
Among the figure: the 1-condenser throat; The 2-manhole; 3,4-circulating cooling water inlet; 5-gathers steam chest; 6-polywater chamber; The 7-manhole; The 8-hot well; The 9-condensation-water drain; 10,11-circulating cooling water out; The 12-dividing plate; The 13-upper tank; The 14-lower header; The 15-plate; The 16-tongue; The 17-groove; The 18-small convex groove; The little groove of 19-; The 20-longitudinal seam; 21-horizontal position welding seam; 22-plate bundle; 23-steam exhaust steam runner; 24-circulating cooling water flow passage; The 25-bleeding point; The 26-connecting plate.
The specific embodiment
Can further understand the specific embodiment of the present invention by following examples, but and not limit the present invention in any way.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2.
All-welded plate shell type stainless steel condenser overall structure has the steam exhaust steam to be high vacuum partly, to be the suction type rectangular box; The rectangular box top is provided with and the corresponding condenser throat 1 of the steam drain bore of discharge cylinder of steam turbine, and throat 1 left side is provided with manhole 2, and rectangular box left end top joins with circulating cooling water inlet 3 and circulating cooling water inlet 4; The rectangular box bottom of corresponding condenser throat joins with poly-steam chest 5, and poly-both sides, steam chest 5 front and back all arrange bleeding point 25; Poly-steam chest 5 bottoms and polywater chamber 6 join, and 6 left sides, polywater chamber are provided with manhole 7; 6 bottoms, polywater chamber join by pipeline and hot well 8, and hot well 8 lower left quarters are provided with condensation-water drain 9; Rectangular box left end below joins with circulating cooling water out 10 and circulating cooling water out 11; The rectangular box middle part is provided with dividing plate 12, and casing is divided into upper tank 13 and lower header 14.
As shown in Figure 3.
Thin Stainless Steel plate 15, its upper punch be pressed with 〉=tongue 16 and the groove 17 of 6mm, and the degree of depth of the height=groove 17 of tongue 16; Punching press has two small convex grooves 18 between tongue 16 and the tongue 16, and punching press has two little grooves 19 between groove 17 and the groove 17, and described plate 15 also claims convex-concave multiple spot shape stainless steel plate 15.
As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5.
Two plate 15 longitudinal edges have been stacked vertically full welded seam 20, and tongue 16 tops in intermediate portion are relative to the strong point with tongue 16 tops, consist of steam exhaust steam runner 23, also claim vapour side 23; Steam exhaust steam runner 23 is single process from top to bottom, and namely upper tank 13 communicates with the steam exhaust steam runner 23 of lower header 14; Two plate 15 transverse edges have been stacked laterally full welded seam 21 in addition, and groove 17 bottoms in intermediate portion are relative to the strong point with groove 17 bottoms, consist of circulating cooling water flow passage 24, also claim water side 24; Described box partition 12 is divided into 2 equal flow processs from top to bottom with circulating cooling water flow passage 24, and the circulating cooling water flow passage 24 of described upper tank 13 is the 1st flow process, and the circulating cooling water flow passage 24 of lower header 14 is the 2nd flow process.
Steam exhaust steam runner 23 and circulating cooling water flow passage 24 consist of 22, two of plate bundles and consist of plate bundle groups with upper plate bundle 22, vertically are fixed in the rectangular box by connecting plate 26.
Shown in Fig. 1-5.
The steam exhaust steam that the vapour side is about 23:40 ℃ is by the steam drain of discharge cylinder of steam turbine, enter the steam exhaust steam runner 23 of rectangular box upper tank 13 by the condenser throat 1 that docks with it, flowed into the steam exhaust steam runner 23 of the lower header 14 that communicates from top to bottom by upper tank 13 always.In heat exchanger plate bundle group, the recirculated cooling water of the steam exhaust steam about 40 ℃ and about 28 ℃ is in convex-concave multiple spot shape stainless steel plate 15 both sides, through from top to bottom after " following current cross-flow " heat exchange, after finishing the heat release of saturated vapor exhaust steam latent heat, condensing into many globules is attached on the wall of convex-concave multiple spot shape stainless steel plate 15, and flow downward with the pearl form, until leave plate bundle group, converge to the water of poly-steam chest 5 and polywater chamber 6, through hot well 8, temperature is that the condensed water about 40 ℃ is flowed out by condensation-water drain 9, for boiler provides the recycling of the condensed water about 40 ℃.
Water side 24: temperature is the circulating cooling water flow passage 24 that the recirculated cooling water about 28 ℃ enters casing upper tank 13 by the circulating cooling water inlet 3 above the rectangular box left end and circulating cooling water inlet 4, after the 1st flow process of flowing through from top to bottom, flow to box partition 12 tops, laterally flowing to the casing right-hand member turns back and enters the circulating cooling water flow passage 24 of box partition 12 bottom lower headers 14 again, after the 2nd flow process of flowing through from top to bottom, flow to box bottom top, the circulating cooling water out 10 and the circulating cooling water out 11 that laterally flow to casing left end below flow out again.In heat exchanger plate bundle group, the steam exhaust steam of the recirculated cooling water about 28 ℃ and about 40 ℃ is in convex-concave multiple spot shape stainless steel plate 15 both sides, through after top-down " following current cross-flow " heat exchange, after finishing the latent heat that absorbs steam exhaust steam release, about about 34 ℃ recirculated cooling water leaves plate bundle group, enter cooling device, recirculation after the cooling.
The steam exhaust steam is within pressure is about the condenser heat exchanger plate bundle group of 8.0kPa, after finishing the latent heat heat release, remaining mist enters poly-steam chest 5 and polywater chamber 6, extract incoagulable mist out by poly-steam chest 5 bleeding points 25, the rectangular box of steam exhaust steam part becomes the negative pressure state of high vacuum, steam turbine exhaust pressure and exhaust temperature reduce, and the therrmodynamic system thermal efficiency of cycle is improved.
Utilize manhole 2 and manhole 7 to check the condenser ruuning situations or keep in repair.
Enforcement of the present invention has realized domestic condenser model change, provides direction in particular for domestic medium-sized and small enterprises in the relatively poor condenser of power station transformation of labour vacuum, has improved the condenser heat transfer property.The present invention has compact conformation, saves raw material, lightweight, the advantage such as cost is low, the investment payback time is short, should vigorously promote the use.