CN102425211A - Method for reasonably using domestic water in drainage basin - Google Patents
Method for reasonably using domestic water in drainage basin Download PDFInfo
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- CN102425211A CN102425211A CN2011102537737A CN201110253773A CN102425211A CN 102425211 A CN102425211 A CN 102425211A CN 2011102537737 A CN2011102537737 A CN 2011102537737A CN 201110253773 A CN201110253773 A CN 201110253773A CN 102425211 A CN102425211 A CN 102425211A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for reasonably using domestic water in a drainage basin, which comprises the specific steps of: carrying out investigation and analysis on population growth, development and utilization of water resources and the current situation and the variation tendency of the water use efficiency in the drainage basin; analyzing population variation characteristics and combining upstream and downstream characteristics to respectively calculate ratios of rural population and urban population; analyzing upstream and downstream water use efficiency difference characteristics in the drainage basin and calculating an upstream and downstream water use efficiency difference characteristic index; constructing a binary structure model and calculating a water use Gini coefficient in the drainage basin; and calculating water use Gini coefficients in the drainage basin in different target years and drawing a variation curve of the domestic water Gini coefficient in the drainage basin so as to totally evaluate the fairness and reasonability condition of the water utilization in the drainage basin and give service to the planning and management of the water sources in the drainage basin. The binary structure water use Gini coefficient model constructed in the method is comprehensive and accurate for a water use evaluation result, has high confidence level and can effectively reflect the fairness and reasonability using condition of the domestic water in the drainage basin.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the water resource application, rationally use the method for living water use in specifically a kind of basin.
Background technology
The fairness that the reasonable use matter of utmost importance of carrying out living water use is a water supply volume, the fairness problem of water supply volume are the most basic problems during the water yield is distributed, and the vital interests that the direct relation people masses are the most real are key problems of sustainable utilization of water resource.Along with the quickening of China's Development of China's Urbanization, shortage of water resources has become the important restraining factors of China's sustainable development of socio-economy, the uncertainty of global warming in addition, and the water resource imbalance between supply and demand of following China will be more outstanding.Therefore, how to guarantee the limited water fair allocat, become the important component part of development people's livelihood water conservancy, and be directly connected to sustainable utilization of water resource.
For a long time, income of residents distribution disparity is the economics research focus always.Statistician's Lorentz proposed famous Lorentz curve in 1905.Thereafter; Italy economist Geordie calculates the index of a reflection distribution of earnings equality degree according to Lorentz curve; Be called Gini coefficient (G); Also claim Lorentz coefficient, the roughly degree of the residents that this coefficient can reflect different incomes intuitively residing position and fairness in distribution in distribution of earnings, it distributes index of unequal degree to be widely used at aspects such as resource environment analysis, regional water soil resource The matching analysis, power schedulings as weighing.However, still do not have unified approach at present and calculate the Gini coefficient change procedure.
Water resource is limited; Therefore the water resource utilization must be satisfied the upper reaches and downstream, generation-inter-and for the justice of interior water and the justice of whole mankind's water in the basin; Particularly urban life and the requirement of life in the countryside water; Also carried out extensive studies in the reality, rationally used living water use just to seem in the basin and be even more important.Usually, the population ratio of safty of drinking water, fair coefficient or indexs such as weight, fair threshold function table are used in the fair research of water, but confirm that the subjectivity of these indexs is bigger, and the standard of different regions is also different, has brought inconvenience to practical application.
Summary of the invention
For different water family living water use problems such as basin upstream and downstream, cities and towns and rural area are carried out the overall evaluation; Service basin water resources management; Thereby realize the reasonable use to living water use, the present invention provides the method for rationally using living water use in a kind of basin, and this method is through extensively collecting aspect data such as population growth, water resources development and utilization in the basin; In conjunction with urban domestic water and life in the countryside water difference; Set up the water Gini coefficient computation model of diadactic structure, and then the fair and reasonable situation of overall assessment basin water, basin water resources planning and management served.
The objective of the invention is to realize through following technical scheme:
Rationally use the method for living water use in a kind of basin, it is characterized in that: this method may further comprise the steps:
1) population growth, water resources development and utilization and water-use efficiency present situation and variation tendency in the investigation and analysis basin;
2) analyze population change characteristic in the basin,, calculate people in the countryside, urban population ratio respectively in conjunction with the upstream and downstream characteristic;
3) analyze basin upstream and downstream water-use efficiency difference characteristic, calculate upstream and downstream water-use efficiency difference characteristic index; Wherein, upstream and downstream water-use efficiency difference characteristic index is δ and k, and wherein δ is town dweller and urban residents' Live Use Water Quota ratio, and k is the peak and the minimum ratio of urban domestic water quota;
4) make up diadactic structure Model Calculation basin water Gini coefficient G, with it as upper, middle and lower reaches, basin domestic consumption distributional equity property evaluation foundation; G=1-2B, wherein B is the bottom-right area of actual change curve among the Lorentz curve figure of population-domestic consumption,, design formulas is following:
Wherein P is a total population number in the basin, and S is the total population water supply volume, Q
r Be people in the countryside water consumption quota in the basin, Q
Ul Be urban population water consumption quota in the basin, Q
Uh Be the highest urban population water consumption quota in the basin, α
r Be the shared total population ratio of people in the countryside in the basin, α
Ul For water level in the basin is lower than the shared total population ratio of urban population of the high water usage level in basin, α
Uh Be the shared total population ratio of water consumption quota largest portion urban population in the basin;
5) calculate different water basin in non-leap year water Gini coefficient, draw basin living water use Gini coefficient change curve, and then overall assessment basin water situation, realize the reasonable use of living water use in the basin.
Compared with prior art; The present invention has the following advantages: water basin combination resources development and utilization present situation; Living water use family, basin is divided into urban domestic water amount and life in the countryside water supply volume, through setting up the water Gini coefficient computation model of diadactic structure, different water user's water-use efficiencies of concentrated expression and total amount difference; And then the fair and reasonable situation of overall assessment basin water, serve basin water resources planning and management.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the Lorentz curve figure of population-domestic consumption of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that binary of the present invention is with water-bound Gini coefficient computational short cut figure.
Fig. 3 is the Haihe basin water Gini coefficient change procedure that utilizes Gini coefficient model of the present invention to obtain.
Among the figure, the 1-living water use distributes absolute equality curve, 2-real life water distribution curve.
The specific embodiment
Be elaborated to rationally utilizing the living water use method in the basin of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Rationally utilize the method for living water use in a kind of basin; This method is through extensively collecting aspect data such as population growth, water resources development and utilization in the basin; In conjunction with urban domestic water and life in the countryside water difference; The diadactic structure Model Calculation water Gini coefficient that makes up, with it as basin domestic consumption distributional equity property evaluation foundation.Concrete steps are following:
1) population growth, water resources development and utilization and water-use efficiency present situation and variation tendency in the investigation and analysis basin;
2) analyze population change characteristic in the basin,, calculate people in the countryside, urban population ratio respectively in conjunction with the upstream and downstream characteristic;
3) analyze basin upstream and downstream water-use efficiency difference characteristic, calculate upstream and downstream water-use efficiency difference characteristic index;
4) according to the diadactic structure model that makes up, to the gap that different basins upstream and downstream water-use efficiency exists, calculating watershed water Gini coefficient is with its evaluation foundation of distributing as upper, middle and lower reaches, basin domestic consumption;
5) calculate different water basin in non-leap year water Gini coefficient change procedure, draw basin living water use Gini coefficient change curve, and then the fair situation of overall assessment basin water, basin water resources planning and management served.
Domestic consumption changes and the population change process in the basin through analyzing in the present invention, changes characteristics in conjunction with living water use family in the basin, sets up the Lorentz curve of population-domestic consumption in the basin, sees Fig. 1.
Can know that in conjunction with economics Gini coefficient notion Gini coefficient (G) is normally defined:
In the formula, the area between real revenue distribution curve and the distribution of earnings absolute equality curve is A, and real revenue distribution curve lower right area is B.The present invention introduces Gini coefficient method in the economics; Adopt the Gini coefficient method that domestic consumption fairness in distribution in the basin is studied; This moment, A was the area between real life water distribution curve 2 and the living water use distribution absolute equality curve 1, and B is real life water distribution curve 2 lower right areas.
In conjunction with the Lorentz curve and the Gini coefficient computational methods of population-domestic consumption, can handy water base Buddhist nun's coefficient calculations following:
（2）
In the formula, A is the area that curve 0mn and straight line 0n surround, and B is the area that curve 0mn and 0Pmn surround.Can find out that Gini coefficient is directly related with B, so can get through calculating B.Therefore, calculate the water Gini coefficient, at first will find curve 0mn, then it carried out definite integral one time, obtain area B.
Consider the living water use characteristics, make up the diadactic structure model by urban domestic water and life in the countryside water and calculate.
expression people in the countryside (ten thousand people) among the figure;
representes urban population (ten thousand people);
representes total population (ten thousand people), satisfies:
In the formula;
expression water level is lower than the urban population (ten thousand people) of the high water usage level in basin, and
representes the basin water consumption quota largest portion urban population same period (ten thousand people).
,
,
to correspond to the population
,
,
the water quota (l / person day).Calculate for simplifying, the Changing Pattern of
to
is represented with linear function
.
Simultaneously; Introduce population factor of proportionality
expression population structure; Wherein,
,
,
represent that respectively dissimilar populations account for the ratio of total population.Can know by the population relation:
By the
and
can be determined
is:
If the total population water supply volume is S; I.e.
area of surrounding, so S can be expressed as:
Simultaneously; For water consumption quota change curve
; If
is the water consumption quota variable; Then:
increases and increases gradually along with population, until S.Therefore;
along with the curve application point in the change procedure of P; And level off to 1 gradually, be equivalent to the curve 0m0 in the Lorentz curve.On this basis, to its integration, can obtain the area B that 0m0 surrounds, computational process is following:
Following formula is carried out abbreviation, has:
（8）
With its substitution Gini coefficient design formulas:
Establish town dweller and urban residents' Live Use Water Quota ratio again for
; The highest and the minimum ratio of urban domestic water quota is
; That is:
,
, then
With its substitution (9) formula; And same to the molecule denominator except that
, can get:
（11）
According to the concrete applied analysis of said method:
1) aspect characteristics such as population growth, water resources development and utilization and water-use efficiency in the investigation and analysis Haihe basin are grasped basin population growth and domestic consumption variation relation;
2) analyze population change characteristic in the basin,, calculate people in the countryside, urban population ratio respectively in conjunction with the upstream and downstream characteristic.With 1980 be example, urban population 2,289 ten thousand people in the basin, people in the countryside 7,432 ten thousand people, otherness population (otherness population is meant that part of population that is higher than the average living water use index in cities and towns) 1,462 ten thousand people.
3) analyze basin upstream and downstream water-use efficiency difference characteristic, calculate upstream and downstream water-use efficiency difference characteristic index.With 1980 was example; 115 liters/people of basin urban population water consumption quota. day; 40 liters/people of people in the countryside water consumption quota. day; 169 liters/people of the highest urban population water consumption quota. day, he and then can calculates
=2.875,
=1.47.Town dweller and urban residents' Live Use Water Quota are than
: 115/40=2.875; The peak of urban domestic water quota and minimum are than
: 169/115=1.47.
4) according to the diadactic structure Model Calculation basin water Gini coefficient that makes up, can get Gini coefficient G=0.2;
5) calculate different water basin in non-leap year water Gini coefficient; Draw basin living water use Gini coefficient change curve; It as upper, middle and lower reaches, basin domestic consumption distributional equity property evaluation foundation, is served basin water resources planning and management, thereby realize reasonable utilization living water use.As shown in Figure 3; All in all; Haihe basin living water use Gini coefficient is certain ascendant trend, shows that for many years the Haihe basin living water use is tending towards unfair development, and the water resource imbalance between supply and demand is becoming increasingly acute in this and the basin; Between the water user water contradiction strengthen relevant, with the basin in recent years excessively exploitation direct relation is arranged.The present invention can effectively assess basin different water water resources development in non-leap year situation, and the fair and reasonable behavior in service of living water use in the reflection basin will provide foundation for water resources management.
Claims (3)
1. rationally use the method for living water use in the basin, it is characterized in that: this method may further comprise the steps:
1) population growth, water resources development and utilization and water-use efficiency present situation and variation tendency in the investigation and analysis basin;
2) analyze population change characteristic in the basin,, obtain people in the countryside, urban population ratio in conjunction with the upstream and downstream characteristic;
3) analyze basin upstream and downstream water-use efficiency difference characteristic, obtain upstream and downstream water-use efficiency difference characteristic index;
4) make up the diadactic structure model, obtain basin water Gini coefficient;
5) according to different water basin in non-leap year water Gini coefficient, draw basin living water use Gini coefficient change curve, and then the fair and reasonable situation of overall assessment basin water, serve basin water resources planning and management.
2. rationally use the method for living water use in the basin according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the upstream and downstream water-use efficiency difference characteristic index in the said step (3) is δ and k; Wherein δ is town dweller and urban residents' Live Use Water Quota ratio, and k is the peak and the minimum ratio of urban domestic water quota.
3. rationally use the living water use method in the basin according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the basin water Gini coefficient in the said step (4) is G; G=1-2B; Wherein B is the bottom-right area of actual change curve among the Lorentz curve figure of population-domestic consumption, and design formulas is following:
Wherein P is a total population number in the basin, and S is the total population water supply volume, Q
r Be people in the countryside water consumption quota in the basin, Q
UlBe urban population water consumption quota in the basin, Q
Uh Be the highest urban population water consumption quota in the basin, α
r Be the shared total population ratio of people in the countryside in the basin, α
Ul For water level in the basin is lower than the shared total population ratio of urban population of the high water usage level in basin, α
Uh Be the shared total population ratio of water consumption quota largest portion urban population in the basin.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109598408A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-04-09 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of year water regulation planning device for taking into account fair exploitation and importance |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109598408A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-04-09 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of year water regulation planning device for taking into account fair exploitation and importance |
| CN109598408B (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2023-04-07 | 华中科技大学 | Annual water quantity scheduling plan compilation method considering water use fairness and importance |
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Application publication date: 20120425 |