CN102419288B - Creep-fatigue interaction test device and load loading and unloading method thereof - Google Patents
Creep-fatigue interaction test device and load loading and unloading method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102419288B CN102419288B CN 201110422961 CN201110422961A CN102419288B CN 102419288 B CN102419288 B CN 102419288B CN 201110422961 CN201110422961 CN 201110422961 CN 201110422961 A CN201110422961 A CN 201110422961A CN 102419288 B CN102419288 B CN 102419288B
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Abstract
The invention provides a creep-fatigue interaction test device, which comprises a lever, wherein one end of the lever is connected with a sample arranged in a high-temperature heating furnace; the other end of the lever is connected with an upper suspender; the upper suspender is connected with a lower suspender; a loading and unloading tray is positioned under a lower weight tray; and the sample is connected with a leveling transmission mechanism through a tie rod. The creep-fatigue interaction test device is characterized in that: the end part, which is connected with the upper suspender, of the lever is connected with displacement sensor which is used for leveling; a programmable logic controller is connected with a variable frequency motor mechanism; and the leveling transmission mechanism and a loading and unloading transmission mechanism are respectively driven by the variable frequency motor mechanism. The invention adopts another technical scheme that: a method adopting the equipment is provided. The creep-fatigue interaction test device is relatively low in cost and easy to realize, and has the advantages of stable power value, reliable change and the like, of a lever type creep lasting tester. In addition, the displacement sensor is adopted to perform lever leveling control, so compared with the prior art in which photoelectric limit switch control technology is adopted, the creep-fatigue interaction test device is higher in control precision.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of creep-fatigue performance detection tester of metal material and adopt the method for this device, be applicable to the performance of test material under the creep-fatigue interaction condition, belong to the high-temperature material technical field.
Background technology
Generating set, petrochemical complex and Aero-Space high-temperature component often at high temperature bear cyclic force, and in operational process, its material or structure are subject to creep-fatigue interaction.Creep impairment and fatigue damage have different micromechanism of damages, and the degree of impairment under interaction between them is very complicated, must understand the behavior of material under creep-fatigue interaction of grasping by test.Adopting at present many creep-fatigue interaction test units that two kinds of electronics fatigue tester and electro-hydraulic servo testing machines are arranged, is all the variation that adopts electronics load sensor control.These two kinds of testing machines can carry out the creep-fatigue interaction test, but test period is generally shorter.Test when while growing due to high temperature such as being applied to generating set, the creep-fatigue interaction test of running gear generally is high temperature length, usually need to reach several thousand hours during testing table, even several ten thousand or hundreds of thousands hour, zero of the load sensor of above-mentioned testing machine is waftd and Long-term stability has proposed very large challenge.At present, the electronics load sensor is difficult to measure because electronic interferences and the electronic component power value caused such as aging change in the test of long duration process, may cause the integrity problem of test findings.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of test unit, this test unit is transformed conventional lever creep and stress rupture test machine, makes it have circulation and adds offloading functions, increases the function of carrying out the creep-fatigue interaction test.Another object of the present invention has been to provide a kind of method that adopts this device.
In order to achieve the above object, a technical scheme of the present invention provides a kind of creep-fatigue interaction test unit, comprise lever, one end of lever is connected with the sample in being located at high-temperature heater, the other end connects upper hanger, upper hanger connects lower suspension rod, be respectively equipped with weight tray and lower weight tray on upper hanger and lower suspension rod, upper counterweight and lower counterweight are located at respectively on weight tray and lower weight tray, add the below that the unloading pallet is positioned at lower weight tray, add the unloading pallet be located at add the unloading gear train on, sample connects the leveling gear train by pull bar, it is characterized in that: the end that lever is connected with upper hanger is connected with displacement transducer with leveling, leveling connects programmable logic controller (PLC) with displacement transducer, programmable logic controller (PLC) connects respectively a variable-frequency motor mechanism, leveling gear train and add the unloading gear train and driven by a variable-frequency motor mechanism respectively.
Preferably, described variable-frequency motor mechanism is connected motor and frequency converter, and frequency converter is connected with described programmable logic controller (PLC), and motor drives described leveling gear train and/or adds the unloading gear train.
Preferably, described variable-frequency motor mechanism is the variable-frequency motor with frequency conversion function.
Preferably, between described upper hanger and described lower suspension rod, by pin, be connected.
Another technical scheme of the present invention has been to provide a kind of load of above-mentioned creep-fatigue interaction test unit that adopted and has added discharging method, it is characterized in that, step is:
In step 3, when unloading,, drive and add the unloading pallet and move up by variable-frequency motor mechanism, hold up lower weight tray and on upper counterweight, make sample only be subject to the minimum load effect;
During loading, adding the unloading pallet by the drive of variable-frequency motor mechanism moves down, make between lower suspension rod and upper hanger and form and be rigidly connected, thereby make sample be subject to maximum load, speed by programmable logic controller (PLC) controls variable-frequency motor mechanism, also can controlled loading and unloading between the time interval, thereby can carry out the different retention times and add the creep-fatigue interaction test of rate of debarkation;
Simultaneously in whole process of the test, by leveling, use the positional information of displacement transducer Real-time Feedback lever to programmable logic controller (PLC), programmable logic controller (PLC), according to feedback information, is controlled in time the variable-frequency motor mechanism be connected with the leveling gear train and is carried out forward or reverse to keep lever in horizontality.
The present invention can adopt two schemes: a kind of is to adopt programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC to control frequency converter, and Frequency Converter Control adds rotating speed and the rotating that unloads motor; Another kind is directly to control rotating speed and the rotating of the variable-frequency motor with frequency conversion function by programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC.Add rotating and reverse of motor of unloading and can load respectively and unload fractional load, thereby change test load.Add by control the rotating speed that unloads motor and control and add rate of debarkation, thereby reach creep-fatigue, test required cyclic loading effect.In addition, the present invention improves whole levelling device, by the horizontal situation of displacement transducer Real-time Feedback lever, adopt programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC to control leveling motor and frequency converter or there is the running of the motor of frequency conversion function, make lever in process of the test in horizontality.
The present invention only need to be added to conventional lever creep and stress rupture test machine the unloading transformation and improve control system just can increase creep-fatigue interaction test of long duration function, and improvement cost is low, and easily realizes.Because test force is applied by lever system by counterweight, the power value changes by adding the realization of unloading counterweight, so the variation of power value is reliable, is not subject to electronic interferences and burn-in effects, has lever creep and stress rupture test machine power value stabilization, changes the advantages such as reliable simultaneously; In addition, the present invention adopts displacement transducer to carry out lever leveling control, and with respect to traditional employing photoelectric limit switch control technology, control accuracy is higher.
The present invention also can be used for the manufacture of creep and stress rupture test machine, to increase the creep-fatigue interaction test function.
The accompanying drawing explanation
The schematic diagram that Fig. 1 is a kind of creep-fatigue interaction test unit provided by the invention;
The schematic diagram that Fig. 2 is another kind of creep-fatigue interaction test unit provided by the invention;
The local enlarged diagram of the suspension rod that Fig. 3 is Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
Wherein: 1-lever, 2-high-temperature heater, 3-sample, 4-pull bar, 5-leveling gear train, the 6-leveling motor, 7-the first frequency converter, 8-adds the unloading motor, 9-the second frequency converter, 10-adds the unloading gear train, and 11-adds the unloading pallet, weight tray under 12-, the 13-counterweight, suspension rod under 14-, 15-programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC, the upper weight tray of 16-, the 17-counterweight, 18-upper hanger, 19-leveling displacement transducer, the 20-pin, 21-leveling variable-frequency motor, 22-adds the unloading variable-frequency motor.
Embodiment
For the present invention is become apparent, hereby with a preferred embodiment, and coordinate accompanying drawing to be described in detail below.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of creep-fatigue interaction test unit provided by the invention comprises lever 1, one end of lever 1 is connected with the sample 3 in being located at high-temperature heater 2 by pull bar, the other end connects upper hanger 18, upper hanger 18 connects lower suspension rod 14 by pin 20, be respectively equipped with weight tray 16 and lower weight tray 12 on upper hanger 18 and lower suspension rod 14, upper counterweight 17 and lower counterweight 13 are located at respectively on weight tray 16 and lower weight tray 12, add the below that unloading pallet 11 is positioned at lower weight tray 12, add the unloading pallet 11 be located at add the unloading gear train 10 on, add 10 connections of unloading gear train and add unloading motor 8, add unloading motor 8 and connect the second frequency converter 9, sample 3 connects leveling gear train 5 by pull bar 4, leveling gear train 5 connects leveling motor 6, leveling motor 6 connects the first frequency converter 7, the end that lever 1 is connected with upper hanger 18 is connected with displacement transducer 19 with leveling, leveling connects programmable logic controller (PLC) 15 with displacement transducer 19, programmable logic controller (PLC) 15 connects the second frequency converter 9 and the first frequency converter 7.
As shown in Figure 2, wherein, can merge into the variable-frequency motor with frequency conversion function by adding unloading motor 8 and the second frequency converter 9, add variable-frequency motor 22 for unloading, leveling motor 6 and the first frequency converter 7 also can be merged into to the variable-frequency motor with frequency conversion function, i.e. variable-frequency motor 21. for leveling
Certainly, those skilled in the art also can be as required, and selection will add any a pair of merging the in unloading motor 8 and the second frequency converter 9 or leveling motor 6 and the first frequency converter 7, and merge unlike Fig. 2 is described simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 3, between upper hanger 18 and lower suspension rod 14, by pin 20, be connected.
If adopt equipment as shown in Figure 2, its load adds the method for discharging method and is:
Calculate maximum load and minimum load according to proof stress and stress ratio, wherein minimum load is the upper counterweight 17 that is carried in weight tray 16, and maximum load comprises minimum load, lower suspension rod 14 and lower weight tray 12 and the lower counterweight 13 that is carried in lower weight tray 12.By programmable logic controller (PLC) 15, the relevant parameter of test is set, by the first frequency converter 7, controls and add unloading motor 8 and drive and add unloading pallet 11 and circulate and add unloading operation.During unloading, add unloading motor 8 and drive and add unloading pallet 11 and move up, hold up lower weight tray 12 and on upper counterweight 13, make sample 3 only be subject to the minimum load effect; During loading, add unloading motor 8 and drive and add unloading pallet 11 and move down, make between lower suspension rod 14 and upper hanger 18 and be rigidly connected by pin 20, thereby make sample 3 be subject to maximum load.Programmable logic controller (PLC) 15 is controlled the second frequency converters 9 and can be controlled and add the speed that unload motor 8, also can controlled loading with unloading between the time interval, thereby can carry out the different retention times, with the creep-fatigue interaction that adds rate of debarkation, test.
In whole process of the test, leveling uses the positional information of displacement transducer 19 Real-time Feedback levers 1 to programmable logic controller (PLC) 15 simultaneously, and the latter, according to feedback information, controls in time leveling motor 6 and carries out forward or reverse maintenance lever in horizontality.
Claims (1)
1. the load of a creep-fatigue interaction test unit adds discharging method, this creep-fatigue interaction test unit, comprise lever (1), one end of lever (1) is connected with the sample (3) in being located at high-temperature heater (2), the other end connects upper hanger (18), upper hanger (18) connects lower suspension rod (14), be respectively equipped with upper weight tray (16) and lower weight tray (12) on upper hanger (18) and lower suspension rod (14), upper counterweight (17) and lower counterweight (13) are located at respectively on weight tray (16) and lower weight tray (12), add the below that unloading pallet (11) is positioned at lower weight tray (12), adding unloading pallet (11) is located at and adds in unloading gear train (10), sample (3) connects leveling gear train (5) by pull bar (4), the end that lever (1) is connected with upper hanger (18) is connected with displacement transducer for leveling (19), displacement transducer for leveling (19) connects programmable logic controller (PLC) (15), programmable logic controller (PLC) (15) connects a variable-frequency motor mechanism, leveling gear train (5) and add unloading gear train (10) and driven by a variable-frequency motor mechanism respectively, it is characterized in that, step is:
Step 1, employing high-temperature heater (2) are heated to sample (3) to test temperature required and insulation;
Step 2, according to proof stress and stress ratio, calculate maximum load and minimum load, wherein minimum load is realized by the weight of the upper counterweight (17) that is carried in upper weight tray (16), and maximum load is by the weight of the weight that comprises minimum load, lower suspension rod (14) and lower weight tray (12) and the weight realization that is carried in the lower counterweight (13) on lower weight tray (12);
In step 3, when unloading,, drive and add unloading pallet (11) and move up by variable-frequency motor mechanism, hold up lower weight tray (12) and on upper counterweight (13), make sample (3) only be subject to the minimum load effect;
During loading, adding unloading pallet (11) by the drive of variable-frequency motor mechanism moves down, make between lower suspension rod (14) and upper hanger (18) and form and be rigidly connected, thereby make sample (3) be subject to maximum load, controlled the speed of variable-frequency motor mechanism by programmable logic controller (PLC) (15), simultaneously, the time interval between controlled loading and unloading, thus can carry out different retention times and the creep-fatigue interaction test that adds rate of debarkation;
Simultaneously in whole process of the test, by the positional information of displacement transducer for leveling (19) Real-time Feedback lever (1) to programmable logic controller (PLC) (15), programmable logic controller (PLC) (15), according to feedback information, is controlled in time the variable-frequency motor mechanism be connected with leveling gear train (5) and is carried out forward or reverse to keep lever (1) in horizontality.
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| CN 201110422961 CN102419288B (en) | 2011-12-16 | 2011-12-16 | Creep-fatigue interaction test device and load loading and unloading method thereof |
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| CN 201110422961 CN102419288B (en) | 2011-12-16 | 2011-12-16 | Creep-fatigue interaction test device and load loading and unloading method thereof |
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| CN102419288B true CN102419288B (en) | 2013-12-25 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105651606A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-06-08 | 苏州热工研究院有限公司 | Method for assessing structural integrity of high-temperature and high-pressure welded member |
| CN108072567B (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2021-01-15 | 广州特种承压设备检测研究院 | Plastic constant-temperature stress corrosion experimental device and method |
| CN109827897B (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2021-06-01 | 南京工程学院 | Slow tensile stress corrosion experiment device based on lever |
| CN113008679B (en) * | 2021-03-03 | 2023-03-31 | 上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司 | Creep rate measuring method based on endurance test |
| CN114112649A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-03-01 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Pure mechanical transverse load stress testing machine |
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| CN2784910Y (en) * | 2005-04-27 | 2006-05-31 | 深圳市新三思材料检测有限公司 | High temperature creep endurance testing machine with protector |
| CN2867336Y (en) * | 2005-12-20 | 2007-02-07 | 上海华龙测试仪器有限公司 | Microcomputer Controlling high-temperature creep lasting experimental machine |
| CN101042319A (en) * | 2007-04-19 | 2007-09-26 | 华东理工大学 | In-situ measurement system of material micro-creep |
| CN101929932A (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2010-12-29 | 昆山市创新科技检测仪器有限公司 | Creep test device |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN2784910Y (en) * | 2005-04-27 | 2006-05-31 | 深圳市新三思材料检测有限公司 | High temperature creep endurance testing machine with protector |
| CN2867336Y (en) * | 2005-12-20 | 2007-02-07 | 上海华龙测试仪器有限公司 | Microcomputer Controlling high-temperature creep lasting experimental machine |
| CN101042319A (en) * | 2007-04-19 | 2007-09-26 | 华东理工大学 | In-situ measurement system of material micro-creep |
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