CN102418480A - Riser support device under ultra-deep sea water - Google Patents

Riser support device under ultra-deep sea water Download PDF

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CN102418480A
CN102418480A CN2011104396964A CN201110439696A CN102418480A CN 102418480 A CN102418480 A CN 102418480A CN 2011104396964 A CN2011104396964 A CN 2011104396964A CN 201110439696 A CN201110439696 A CN 201110439696A CN 102418480 A CN102418480 A CN 102418480A
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buoy
floating drum
standpipe
riser
cantilever
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CN102418480B (en
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黄一
甄兴伟
张崎
刘刚
李红霞
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Dalian University of Technology
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种超深海水下立管支撑装置,包括立管支撑浮筒、张力系泊装置和脐带缆;立管支撑浮筒上部设置有井口头A,井口头A下部为贯穿立管支撑浮筒的通道;立管支撑浮筒为海星式结构,即中央柱结构浮筒边缘连接三根矩形截面悬臂浮筒,它们在平面上的夹角为120°。本发明的悬臂浮筒末端采用了中性浮力的桁架结构,可通过减少桁架结构在悬臂浮筒上的比例长度或增加悬臂浮筒的长度来满足立管支撑浮筒的浮力要求,可极大简化悬臂浮筒的建造工艺难度,降低建造成本。本发明通过立管支撑浮筒为TTR立管提供张紧力,减少了水面浮式生产装置支撑的动载荷,降低了对水面浮式生产装置的要求,从而降低了水面浮式生产装置的建造成本。

Figure 201110439696

The invention discloses an ultra-deep sea underwater riser support device, which comprises a standpipe support buoy, a tension mooring device and an umbilical cable; the upper part of the standpipe support buoy is provided with a wellhead head A, and the lower part of the wellhead head A is a buoy that penetrates the riser support The channel; the riser support buoy is a starfish structure, that is, the edge of the central column structure buoy is connected to three rectangular section cantilever buoys, and their included angle on the plane is 120°. The end of the cantilever buoy of the present invention adopts a neutral buoyancy truss structure, which can meet the buoyancy requirements of the standpipe support buoy by reducing the proportional length of the truss structure on the cantilever buoy or increasing the length of the cantilever buoy, which can greatly simplify the construction of the cantilever buoy. The construction process is difficult and the construction cost is reduced. The invention provides tension force for the TTR riser through the standpipe support buoy, reduces the dynamic load supported by the water surface floating production device, reduces the requirements for the water surface floating production device, thereby reducing the construction cost of the water surface floating production device .

Figure 201110439696

Description

一种超深海水下立管支撑装置An ultra-deep sea underwater riser support device

技术领域 technical field

本发明涉及一种深海油气田开发技术,特别是一种用于超深海油气田开发的水下立管支撑装置。The invention relates to a deep sea oil and gas field development technology, in particular to an underwater riser support device used for the development of an ultra deep sea oil and gas field.

背景技术 Background technique

立管作为连接水面部分及水下生产系统的唯一结构,是海上油气田开发的重要组成部分,尤其在深海与超深海油气田开发中起着关键作用。目前在深海石油工程界应用较为广泛和成熟的生产立管是TTR立管,即顶张紧式立管。As the only structure connecting the water surface part and the underwater production system, the riser is an important part of the development of offshore oil and gas fields, especially playing a key role in the development of deep sea and ultra-deep sea oil and gas fields. At present, the widely used and mature production riser in the field of deep sea petroleum engineering is the TTR riser, that is, the top tension riser.

然而在超深海环境下,水中立管重量随着水深和水压的增大而自然急剧增加;同时,立管重量的增加还将要求立管顶部的张紧力极大增加,这对TTR立管的适用性和经济性带来很严重的问题。此外,由于立管与水面浮式生产装置相连接,随着水深的增加,巨大的水中立管载荷会加大水面浮式生产装置所需承担的动载,从而提高了水面浮式生产装置的建造与运营成本。故采用传统的TTR立管生产系统,油田整体开采成本巨大。However, in the ultra-deep sea environment, the weight of the riser in the water will naturally increase sharply with the increase of water depth and water pressure; at the same time, the increase in the weight of the riser will also require a great increase in the tension at the top of the riser, which has great impact on the TTR standpipe. The applicability and economy of the tube pose very serious problems. In addition, since the standpipe is connected to the surface floating production unit, as the water depth increases, the huge underwater riser load will increase the dynamic load that the water surface floating production unit must bear, thereby increasing the capacity of the water surface floating production unit. construction and operating costs. Therefore, if the traditional TTR riser production system is adopted, the overall production cost of the oil field is huge.

发明内容 Contents of the invention

为解决现有技术存在的上述问题,本发明要设计一种超深海水下立管支撑装置,该装置通过在水面下200~350m的位置为传统TTR立管提供张紧力,能极大地提高传统TTR立管以及水面浮式生产装置在超深海环境下的工作能力,同时大大降低生产成本。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention will design a support device for an ultra-deep sea underwater riser, which can greatly improve the Traditional TTR risers and surface floating production devices have the ability to work in ultra-deep sea environments, while greatly reducing production costs.

为了实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案如下:In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

一种超深海水下立管支撑装置,包括立管支撑浮筒、张力系泊装置和脐带缆;An ultra-deep sea underwater riser support device, comprising a riser support buoy, a tension mooring device and an umbilical cable;

所述的立管支撑浮筒上部设置有井口头A,井口头A下部为贯穿立管支撑浮筒的通道;所述的立管支撑浮筒,在其上方设置有进气阀门、下方设置有排气阀门,所述的进气阀门通过脐带缆与位于水面的浮式生产装置连接;水面浮式生产装置通过脐带缆将气体送至立管支撑浮筒,并通过进气阀门和排气阀门控制气体的进出,以此调节立管支撑浮筒的浮力;The upper part of the standpipe support buoy is provided with a wellhead head A, and the lower part of the wellhead A is a passage through the standpipe support buoy; the riser support buoy is provided with an intake valve above it and an exhaust valve below it , the inlet valve is connected with the floating production device located on the water surface through the umbilical cable; the floating production device on the water surface sends the gas to the riser support buoy through the umbilical cable, and controls the ingress and egress of the gas through the inlet valve and the exhaust valve , so as to adjust the buoyancy of the riser supporting the buoy;

所述的立管支撑浮筒为海星式结构,即中央柱结构浮筒边缘连接三根矩形截面悬臂浮筒,它们在平面上的夹角为120°;所述的悬臂浮筒末端采用中性浮力的桁架结构,所述的三根矩形截面悬臂浮筒通过机械方式连接在中央柱结构浮筒边缘。The riser support buoy is a starfish structure, that is, the edge of the central column structure buoy is connected with three rectangular section cantilever buoys, and their included angle on the plane is 120°; the end of the cantilever buoy adopts a neutral buoyancy truss structure, The three cantilever buoys with rectangular section are mechanically connected to the edge of the central column structure buoy.

所述的张力系泊装置包括张力缆绳和桩基,立管支撑浮筒通过张力缆绳系泊在海床的桩基上以约束立管支撑浮筒在水中的运动,并为立管支撑浮筒提供一定的稳定性支撑。The tension mooring device includes a tension cable and a pile foundation, and the riser support buoy is moored on the pile foundation of the seabed through the tension cable to constrain the movement of the riser support buoy in the water, and provide a certain degree of tension for the riser support buoy. Stability support.

本发明所述的立管支撑浮筒用中央柱结构浮筒代替;所述的张力系泊装置由中央柱结构浮筒张紧的TTR立管代替。In the present invention, the riser supporting buoy is replaced by a central column structure buoy; the tension mooring device is replaced by a TTR riser tensioned by the central column structure buoy.

本发明所述的立管支撑浮筒设置有管线中转装置,立管支撑浮筒上部有三个井口头A,井口头A处的管线汇集后与管线中转装置连接。The standpipe support buoy of the present invention is provided with a pipeline transfer device. There are three wellheads A on the upper part of the standpipe support buoy. The pipelines at the wellhead A are connected to the pipeline transfer device after being collected.

本发明支撑的立管包括TTR立管和柔性立管。TTR立管的上端与立管支撑浮筒上部的井口头A连接、下端与布置在海床上的井口装置连接;柔性立管的下端与立管支撑浮筒的上部连接、上端连接至水面的浮式生产装置。由此,立管支撑浮筒为TTR立管提供所需的张紧力,并为柔性立管提供支撑平台。Risers supported by the present invention include TTR risers and flexible risers. The upper end of the TTR riser is connected to the wellhead head A on the upper part of the riser supporting buoy, and the lower end is connected to the wellhead device arranged on the seabed; the lower end of the flexible riser is connected to the upper part of the riser supporting buoy, and the upper end is connected to the floating production of the water surface device. Thus, the riser support buoys provide the required tension for the TTR riser and the support platform for the flexible riser.

与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1、本发明的立管支撑浮筒结构形式灵活,可为中央柱结构浮筒或海星式结构浮筒;悬臂浮筒通过机械方式连接在中央柱结构浮筒边缘,简化悬臂浮筒的安装与拆卸工艺。1. The riser support buoy of the present invention has a flexible structure, which can be a central column structure buoy or a starfish structure buoy; the cantilever buoy is mechanically connected to the edge of the central column structure buoy, which simplifies the installation and disassembly process of the cantilever buoy.

2、本发明的悬臂浮筒末端采用了中性浮力的桁架结构。当设计要求需要额外加大立管支撑浮筒浮力时,只需减少桁架结构在悬臂浮筒上的比例长度或增加悬臂浮筒的长度即可;若满足设计浮力要求,可加大桁架结构在悬臂浮筒上的比例长度,从而降低立管支撑浮筒的重量。综上,可极大简化悬臂浮筒的建造工艺难度,降低建造成本。2. The end of the cantilever buoy of the present invention adopts a neutral buoyancy truss structure. When the design requires an additional increase in the buoyancy of the standpipe support buoy, it is only necessary to reduce the proportional length of the truss structure on the cantilever buoy or increase the length of the cantilever buoy; if the design buoyancy requirements are met, the truss structure can be increased on the cantilever buoy Proportional length, thereby reducing the weight of the riser supporting the buoy. In summary, the difficulty of the construction process of the cantilever buoy can be greatly simplified and the construction cost can be reduced.

3、本发明通过立管支撑浮筒为TTR立管提供张紧力,减少了水面浮式生产装置支撑的动载荷,降低了对水面浮式生产装置的要求,从而降低了水面浮式生产装置的建造成本。3. The present invention provides tension force for the TTR riser through the standpipe support buoy, which reduces the dynamic load supported by the surface floating production device, reduces the requirements for the water surface floating production device, and thus reduces the cost of the water surface floating production device. construction cost.

4、本发明通过立管支撑浮筒为TTR立管提供张紧力,极大地提升了传统的TTR立管的工作水深。4. The present invention provides tension force for the TTR riser through the standpipe support buoy, which greatly improves the working water depth of the traditional TTR riser.

附图说明Description of drawings

本发明共有附图3张,其中:The present invention has 3 accompanying drawings, wherein:

图1是本发明的超深海水下立管支撑装置的整体示意图;Fig. 1 is the overall schematic diagram of the ultra-deep sea underwater riser support device of the present invention;

图2是本发明的立管支撑浮筒俯视图;Fig. 2 is a top view of the riser support buoy of the present invention;

图3是本发明的工程应用的整体示意图。Fig. 3 is an overall schematic diagram of the engineering application of the present invention.

图中:2、桁架结构,3、井口头A,4、进气阀门,5、排气阀门,7、张力缆绳,8、桩基,9、脐带缆,10、立管支撑浮筒,11、中央柱结构浮筒,12、悬臂浮筒,15、浮式生产装置,16、水面,17、海床,20、柔性立管,21、远程控制机器人,22、管线中转装置,25、TTR立管,26、井口头B。In the figure: 2. Truss structure, 3. Wellhead head A, 4. Intake valve, 5. Exhaust valve, 7. Tension cable, 8. Pile foundation, 9. Umbilical cable, 10. Standpipe support buoy, 11, Central column structure buoy, 12. Cantilever buoy, 15. Floating production device, 16. Water surface, 17. Seabed, 20. Flexible riser, 21. Remote control robot, 22. Pipeline transfer device, 25. TTR riser, 26. Well head B.

具体实施方式 Detailed ways

下面结合附图对本发明进行进一步地描述。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

如图1所示,一种超深海水下立管支撑装置,包括立管支撑浮筒10、张力系泊装置和脐带缆9。As shown in FIG. 1 , an ultra-deep sea underwater riser support device includes a riser support buoy 10 , a tension mooring device and an umbilical cable 9 .

如图1-2所示,所述的立管支撑浮筒10为海星式结构,即中央柱结构浮筒11边缘连接三根矩形截面悬臂浮筒12,它们在平面上的夹角为120°,形成辐射状。悬臂浮筒12的末端采用中性浮力的桁架结构2。当设计要求需要额外加大立管支撑浮筒10的浮力时,只需减少桁架结构2在悬臂浮筒12上的比例长度或增加悬臂浮筒12的长度即可;若满足设计浮力要求,可加大桁架结构2的在悬臂浮筒12上的比例长度,从而降低立管支撑浮筒10的总重量。综上,可极大简化立管支撑浮筒10的建造工艺难度并减少生产成本。As shown in Figure 1-2, the riser support buoy 10 is a starfish structure, that is, the central column structure buoy 11 is connected to three cantilever buoys 12 with rectangular cross section at the edge, and their included angle on the plane is 120°, forming a radial shape. . The end of the cantilever buoy 12 adopts a neutrally buoyant truss structure 2 . When the design requires an additional increase in the buoyancy of the riser support buoy 10, it is only necessary to reduce the proportional length of the truss structure 2 on the cantilever buoy 12 or increase the length of the cantilever buoy 12; if the design buoyancy requirements are met, the truss can be increased The proportional length of the structure 2 over the cantilever buoy 12 reduces the overall weight of the riser support buoy 10 . To sum up, the difficulty of the construction process of the riser supporting buoy 10 can be greatly simplified and the production cost can be reduced.

如图1所示,所述的张力系泊装置包括张力缆绳7和桩基8;所述的立管支撑浮筒10由三根张力缆绳7(附图中为示意整体结构清晰,只展示了两根张力缆绳)系泊在位于海床17的桩基8上,以约束立管支撑浮筒10在水中的运动,并为立管支撑浮筒10提供一定的稳定性支撑。同时张力缆绳7可承受立管支撑浮筒10可能带来的过张紧力,防止TTR立管25由于可能承受的过张紧力而引发断裂损害。As shown in Figure 1, the described tension mooring device comprises tension cables 7 and pile foundations 8; the described riser supports the buoy 10 by three tension cables 7 (in the accompanying drawings, the overall structure is clear for illustration, only two are shown. Tension cables) are moored on the pile foundation 8 located on the seabed 17 to constrain the movement of the riser support buoy 10 in the water and provide certain stability support for the riser support buoy 10 . At the same time, the tension cable 7 can bear the overtension force that the riser supports the buoy 10 may bring, and prevent the TTR riser 25 from breaking due to the overtension force that may be borne.

如图1所示,所述的立管支撑浮筒10具有浮力调节装置,当需要增加立管支撑浮筒10的净浮力时,位于水面16上的浮式生产装置15通过脐带缆9连接立管支撑浮筒10上部的进气阀门4,向立管支撑浮筒10内输入氮气(防腐蚀);当净浮力要求降低时,浮式生产装置15遥控开启排气阀门5即可。As shown in Figure 1, the riser support buoy 10 has a buoyancy adjustment device. When it is necessary to increase the net buoyancy of the riser support buoy 10, the floating production device 15 on the water surface 16 is connected to the riser support by an umbilical cable 9. The intake valve 4 on the top of the buoy 10 inputs nitrogen gas (anti-corrosion) into the riser support buoy 10; when the net buoyancy requirement is reduced, the floating production device 15 remotely opens the exhaust valve 5.

如图1所示,所述的立管支撑浮筒10位于水面16下H1(约200-350m)处,以避开海面下的紊流区,使得立管支撑浮筒10几乎不受近海面处的强风、海浪和海流载荷影响,保持良好的在位性能。As shown in Figure 1, the riser support buoy 10 is located at H1 (about 200-350m) below the water surface 16, so as to avoid the turbulence zone under the sea surface, so that the riser support buoy 10 is hardly affected by the near sea surface. Maintain good in-position performance under the influence of strong wind, sea waves and current loads.

如图2-3所示,为简化安装工艺,立管支撑浮筒10设置有管线中转装置22。所述的立管支撑浮筒10上部有三个井口头A3,井口头A3处的管线汇集后与管线中转装置22连接。As shown in Figures 2-3, in order to simplify the installation process, the riser support buoy 10 is provided with a pipeline transfer device 22 . There are three wellheads A3 on the upper part of the standpipe support buoy 10, and the pipelines at the wellheads A3 are collected and connected to the pipeline transfer device 22.

图3所示为本发明工程应用的整体示意图。TTR立管25的上端与立管支撑浮筒10上部的井口头A3连接、下端与布置在海床上的井口头B26连接;柔性立管20的下端与管线中转装置22连接,上端与位于水面16的浮式生产装置15连接。由此,立管支撑浮筒10为TTR立管25提供所需的张紧力,并为柔性立管20提供支撑平台。远程控制机器人21在水面16下H1附近待命,负责水中监控工作以及相关部件的连接、释放工作。Figure 3 is an overall schematic diagram of the engineering application of the present invention. The upper end of the TTR riser 25 is connected to the wellhead head A3 on the upper part of the riser supporting buoy 10, and the lower end is connected to the wellhead head B26 arranged on the seabed; The floating production unit 15 is connected. Thus, the riser support buoy 10 provides the required tension for the TTR riser 25 and provides a support platform for the flexible riser 20 . The remote control robot 21 is on standby near the H1 under the water surface 16, and is responsible for the monitoring work in the water and the connection and release work of related components.

海底的油藏最终通过位于海床17上的井口头B26、TTR立管25、立管支撑浮筒10、柔性立管20最终到达位于水面16上的浮式生产装置15,从而进行海上油气田的工程开发。The oil reservoir on the seabed finally reaches the floating production unit 15 on the water surface 16 through the wellhead head B26 on the seabed 17, the TTR riser 25, the riser support buoy 10, and the flexible riser 20, so as to carry out offshore oil and gas field engineering develop.

由于本发明利用立管支撑浮筒10的净浮力为TTR立管25提供所需的张紧力,因此相对传统技术,本发明可极大地减少水面浮式生产装置15的工作载荷,从而降低对水面浮式生产装置15的设计要求与建造要求,进而极大地降低建造水面浮式生产装置15的技术难度和建造成本。Since the present invention utilizes the net buoyancy of the standpipe support buoy 10 to provide the required tension force for the TTR riser 25, compared with the conventional technology, the present invention can greatly reduce the working load of the water surface floating production device 15, thereby reducing the pressure on the water surface. The design requirements and construction requirements of the floating production device 15 further greatly reduce the technical difficulty and construction cost of constructing the surface floating production device 15 .

此外优选地,可依据实际工程需要,本发明的立管支撑浮筒10的海星式结构可通过机械方式移除三根悬臂浮筒12简化为中央柱结构浮筒11。与此同时,移除张力系泊装置,由中央柱结构浮筒11张紧的TTR立管25为中央柱结构浮筒11提供稳定性支撑。In addition, preferably, according to actual engineering needs, the starfish structure of the riser support buoy 10 of the present invention can be simplified into a central column structure buoy 11 by mechanically removing the three cantilever buoys 12 . At the same time, the tension mooring is removed, and the TTR riser 25 tensioned by the central column structure buoy 11 provides a stable support for the central column structure buoy 11 .

Claims (3)

1. a ultra deep-sea submerged riser bracing or strutting arrangement is characterized in that: comprise that standpipe supports floating drum (10), tension force mooring gear and umbilical cables (9);
Described standpipe supports floating drum (10) top and is provided with well head head A (3), and well head head A (3) bottom is for running through the passage that standpipe supports floating drum (10); Described standpipe supports floating drum (10), is provided with air intake valve (4) above it, the below is provided with drain tap (5), and described air intake valve (4) is connected with the Floating Production device (15) that is positioned at the water surface (16) through umbilical cables (9); The water surface (16) Floating Production device (15) is delivered to standpipe through umbilical cables (9) with gas and is supported floating drum (10), and passes through the turnover of air intake valve (4) and drain tap (5) control gas, regulates the buoyancy that standpipe supports floating drum (10) with this;
It is starfish formula structure that described standpipe supports floating drum (10), and promptly central rods structure floating drum (11) edge connects three square-section cantilever floating drums (12), and their angles in the plane are 120 °; The terminal trussed construction (2) that adopts neutral buoyancy of described cantilever floating drum (12), described three square-section cantilever floating drums (12) are connected central rods structure floating drum (11) edge through mechanical system;
Described tension force mooring gear comprises tension cables (7) and pile foundation (8); Standpipe supports floating drum (10) and goes up with the motion of constraint standpipe support floating drum (10) in water through the pile foundation (8) of tension cables (7) mooring in sea bed (17), and provides certain stability to support for standpipe supports floating drum (10).
2. a kind of ultra deep-sea according to claim 1 submerged riser bracing or strutting arrangement is characterized in that: described standpipe supports floating drum (10) and replaces with central rods structure floating drum (11); Described tension force mooring gear is replaced by the TTR standpipe (25) of central rods structure floating drum (11) tensioning.
3. a kind of ultra deep-sea according to claim 1 submerged riser bracing or strutting arrangement; It is characterized in that: described standpipe supports floating drum (10) and is provided with pipeline transferring device (22); Standpipe supports floating drum (10) top has three well head head A (3), and the pipeline that well head head A (3) locates compiles the back and is connected with pipeline transferring device (22).
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