CN102412089B - Device for measuring vacuum degree of vacuum arc extinguish chamber with built-in cold cathode gauge - Google Patents
Device for measuring vacuum degree of vacuum arc extinguish chamber with built-in cold cathode gauge Download PDFInfo
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- CN102412089B CN102412089B CN201110214982.0A CN201110214982A CN102412089B CN 102412089 B CN102412089 B CN 102412089B CN 201110214982 A CN201110214982 A CN 201110214982A CN 102412089 B CN102412089 B CN 102412089B
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Abstract
The invention provides a device for measuring the vacuum degree of a vacuum arc extinguish chamber with a built-in cold cathode gauge, comprising a vacuum arc extinguish chamber main body, a power supply, a cold cathode vacuum gauge and a measuring circuit, wherein the cold cathode vacuum gauge is encapsulated in and integrated with the vacuum arc extinguish chamber, and a measuring electrode is lead out from a static end cover plate of the arc extinguish chamber. The device for measuring the vacuum degree of a vacuum arc extinguish chamber is used for measuring the vacuum degree of a vacuum switch during power-off maintenance, avoids the interference of a strong electromagnetic field on measurement, and meets the requirement for periodic measurement of the gradually changing vacuum degree. When the vacuum switch is in live line work, the gauge is in a power-off unused state, and design of the structure and position of the gauge also fully considers minimizing the infinitesimal disturbance of the built-in gauge on the electric field. The device provided by the invention is suitable for vacuum arc extinguish chambers of all voltage classes with the diameters of the vacuum arc extinguish chambers greater than 120mm, and is suitable for vacuum arc extinguish chambers of which the shell materials are glass or ceramic.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is the vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber measurement mechanism that a kind of built-in cold cathode is regulated.
Background technology
At present in electrical network, vacuum interrupter has reliable vacuum measurement method in process of production, so product export parameter is believable, but these method of measurement are after vacuum interrupter sealed-off, dispatching from the factory, and all can not apply.The Measurement accuracy of final vacuum degree of dispatching from the factory never has fine solution.The domestic and international researcher who comprises applicant, all once be devoted to the research of the vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber monitoring in switch cubicle, the method for measuring online arc control device vacuum degree mainly contains impulse magnetron electric discharge, Bo Keer electric light transformation approach, radome potentiometry, discharging sound shooting method, bi-bellow method, cold cathode vacuum gauge method and emission current rate of decay method etc.These methods can be divided into on-line monitoring and " at net off-line " and measure two large classes: first kind on-line monitoring, be exactly measurement mechanism in normally open, measure constantly also display measurement data; Equations of The Second Kind is at net off-line measurement, is exactly need to can not measure its vacuum degree from dismantling vacuum interrupter in switch cubicle, and measurement mechanism is normally off, less on electric network reliability impact.What CN97241647.1 disclosed a kind of vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber exempts to dismantle measurement mechanism, mainly by a kind of silicon steel sheet stack, dressed up " C " shape iron core of type, put outside the coil of coiling, be placed in the clear space of vacuum interrupter one side, realize the dismounting of exempting from of arc control device vacuum degree and measure object.CN200810123365.8 discloses a kind of on-line detection method for vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber, in arc control device outside, is full of SF
6gas is as external insulation gas, and the helium that is mixed with 5～15% weight in insulating gas is outside as indicating gas, by the helium detecting in vacuum tube, detects vacuum degree, once vacuum tube leaks, just can in vacuum tube, measure the existence of this gas.Visible, due to reasons such as material, technology and design levels, also there is no a kind of vacuum measuring device that is built in vacuum interrupter at present.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber measurement mechanism that a kind of built-in cold cathode is regulated, can overcome the defect of prior art, measurement of vacuum during for vacuum switch interruption maintenance, has comparatively ideal accuracy of measurement.Avoid strong-electromagnetic field to the interference of measuring, can meet again the requirement of the periodic measurement of gradual change amount vacuum degree.During the charged work of vacuum switch, regulate in the no state of power-off; The structure of regulating, the design of position also fully take into account that to regulate the perturbation of inserting electric field as far as possible little.
The vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber measurement mechanism that a kind of built-in cold cathode provided by the invention is regulated comprises: vacuum interrupter main body, power supply, cold cathode vacuum gauge and measuring circuit, is characterized in that:
Cold cathode vacuum gauge is packaged in vacuum extinction chamber interior, and cold cathode is regulated sealing-in in the inner side of the quiet end casing of vacuum interrupter, becomes one with vacuum interrupter, at the quiet end casing of arc control device, draws measurement electrode; Negative electrode is two stainless steel flat plates staggered relatively; Middle square frame is anode (shaped as frame anode), with molybdenum or stainless steel, makes, and is connected with the anode extraction pole on quiet end casing; Externally-applied magnetic field is perpendicular to electrode plane, and magnetic field is provided by Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet, and permanent magnet is in two dull and stereotyped anode outsides and regulate the space between cylinder blanket.
The profile of cold cathode vacuum gauge is cylinder, and its stainless steel casing soldering is on the quiet end casing of vacuum interrupter.
Its sealing structure is comprised of sealing ring and sealing-in ceramics.The centre bore of sealing-in ceramics and anode extraction pole adopt pin type sealing-in, and sealing-in ceramics is that sealing structure part is again the electric insulation part between negative electrode anode.
Measurement of vacuum when the present invention is used for vacuum switch interruption maintenance, can avoid strong-electromagnetic field to the interference of measuring, and can meet again the requirement of the periodic measurement of gradual change amount vacuum degree.During the charged work of vacuum switch, regulate in the no state of power-off; The structure of regulating, the design of position also fully take into account the perturbation of inserting electric field owing to regulating.
COMPREHENSIVE CALCULATING of the present invention has been analyzed built-in cold cathode and has been regulated after the impact that the electromagnetic field of vacuum extinction chamber interior is distributed, position, structure that built-in cold cathode is regulated have been designed, this installation can be carried out with the quiet end pieces production process of vacuum interrupter, then when quiet end pieces leak detection, hunt leak together, do not affect the enforcement of one-step seal-exhaust homogeneous tube production technology; Considered the impact of breaking-closing operating in switch machine life-span number of times vibration, taken into full account that to regulate the perturbation of inserting electric field as far as possible little.Consider that cold cathode regulates simultaneously at the net state that works offline, can use one of extraction electrode that the static conductive rod of vacuum interrupter regulates as cold cathode (negative electrode), effectively reduced ceramicto-metal seal weld seam one, installing cold cathode additional, regulated and drop to minimum on the impact of vacuum interrupter encapsulation.Consider secondary electron yield under Ions Bombardment, determine and regulate electrode material.
The present invention is applicable to the vacuum interrupter that vacuum interrupter diameter is greater than all electric pressures of 120mm, and being applicable to sheathing material is the vacuum interrupter of glass or pottery.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber measurement mechanism overall structure that the built-in cold cathode of the present invention is regulated forms schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is that cold cathode is regulated principle assumption diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example, technical scheme of the present invention is further illustrated.
As shown in the figure: 1-cold cathode vacuum gauge, 2-anode extraction pole, the quiet end casing of 3-, 4-static conductive rod, 5-sealing ring, 6-sealing-in ceramics, 7,8-minus plate, 9-shaped as frame anode.
The profile of cold cathode vacuum gauge 1 is cylinder, and its stainless steel casing soldering is on the quiet end casing 3 of vacuum interrupter.As shown in Figure 2, negative electrode is two stainless steel flat plates 7 and 8 (Fig. 2) to its internal structure principle, and opposing parallel is placed; Middle square frame is shaped as frame anode 9 (Fig. 2), can make with molybdenum or stainless steel, is connected with the anode extraction pole 2 in Fig. 1; Externally-applied magnetic field is perpendicular to electrode plane, and magnetic field is provided by Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet, and permanent magnet is outside two dull and stereotyped anodes and between the cylinder blanket of regulating.
1 sealing-in of cold cathode vacuum gauge is in vacuum interrupter, in the inner side of quiet end casing 3.Sealing ring 5 and the sealing-in ceramics 6 of its sealing structure in Fig. 1 forms.The centre bore of ceramics 6 and anode extraction pole 2 adopt pin type sealing-in, and sealing-in ceramics 6 is that sealing structure part is again the electric insulation part between negative electrode anode.
Operation principle of the present invention and process: two metal electrode anodes and negative electrode, interpolar adds after the DC high voltage of thousands of volts, at certain low pressure (10
-1～2000Pa), in, owing to there being the numerous flow phenomenon of electronics, can cause self-maintained discharge.But 10
-1more low pressure state below Pa, self-maintained discharge is extinguished.If now control the way of electron motion with magnetic field, can increase electron motion path.Figure 2 shows that the principle of cold cathode vacuum gauge (shown in 1 in Fig. 1): negative electrode is two metal plates (minus plate 7 in Fig. 2 and minus plates 8), staggered relatively; Middle square frame is anode (the shaped as frame anode 9 in Fig. 2); Externally-applied magnetic field is perpendicular to electrode plane.When electronics anode is moved, because of its velocity attitude and magnetic field shape at angle, under the effect of Lorentz force, its track is not straight line but the motion of spinning.Because anode is shaped as frame, therefore electronics not necessarily just can be run into it for the first time, but pass, go again, to be then subject to the repulsion of opposite negative electrode and to return.Known electronics is repeatedly, then just to stamp anode with spiral trajectory vibration before and after the anode, and electron path extends greatly, and the molecular number of collision and ionization increases, and makes compared with low pressure (10
-4pa left and right) still can sustain discharge.When electric field. when magnetic field is constant, discharging current, by the unique decision of vacuum degree, is single-valued relationship.Discharging current, through processing of circuit, just can be measured vacuum degree.
Application Example
The measuring circuit of cold cathode vacuum gauge comprises that DC high-voltage circuit, sample of signal, peak value lock-in circuit, operational amplification circuit etc. are partly routine techniques, within being not included in the present invention.The course of work of cold cathode vacuum gauge is: when vacuum switch is during in interruption maintenance state, apply high direct voltage, static conductive rod 4 ground connection on the anode 2 of Fig. 1.Through signal acquisition circuit, extract loop current signals, send in the computer of measuring system, through measuring expert system analysis, process (specifically seeing CN 200910070570.7), display measurement result.
Place: laboratory
Technical conditions:
1) power supply: 220V ± 10%, AC 50Hz
2) ambient temperature :-20 ℃～65 ℃
3) ambient humidity: < 80%
4) height above sea level: < 1000m
Product type is the vacuum interrupter of ZKTD3150/10-40, and by the operation of above-mentioned use step, result data is as table 1:
Table 1 vacuum measurement data.
| Method of measurement | Vacuum degree value (Pa) |
| Built-in cold cathode is regulated |
1×10 -4 |
Claims (4)
1. the vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber measurement mechanism that built-in cold cathode is regulated, comprise vacuum interrupter main body, power supply, cold cathode vacuum gauge and measuring circuit, cold cathode vacuum gauge is packaged in vacuum extinction chamber interior, cold cathode is regulated sealing-in in the inner side of the quiet end casing of vacuum interrupter, become one with vacuum interrupter, externally-applied magnetic field is perpendicular to electrode plane, and magnetic field is provided by Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet, it is characterized in that:
Quiet end casing at arc control device is drawn measurement electrode; Negative electrode is two stainless steel flat plates staggered relatively; Middle is shaped as frame anode, is connected with the anode extraction pole on quiet end casing; Permanent magnet is in two dull and stereotyped anode outsides and regulate the space between cylinder blanket.
2. the vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber measurement mechanism that built-in cold cathode according to claim 1 is regulated, is characterized in that the profile of described cold cathode vacuum gauge is cylinder, and its stainless steel cylinder blanket soldering is on the quiet end casing of vacuum interrupter.
3. the vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber measurement mechanism that built-in cold cathode according to claim 1 is regulated, it is characterized in that described sealing structure is comprised of sealing ring and sealing-in ceramics, the centre bore of sealing-in ceramics and the sealing-in of anode extraction pole pin type, sealing-in ceramics is that sealing structure part is again the electric insulation part between negative electrode anode.
4. the vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber measurement mechanism that built-in cold cathode according to claim 1 is regulated, the shaped as frame anode described in it is characterized in that is made with molybdenum or stainless steel.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110214982.0A CN102412089B (en) | 2011-07-29 | 2011-07-29 | Device for measuring vacuum degree of vacuum arc extinguish chamber with built-in cold cathode gauge |
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| CN201110214982.0A CN102412089B (en) | 2011-07-29 | 2011-07-29 | Device for measuring vacuum degree of vacuum arc extinguish chamber with built-in cold cathode gauge |
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| CN102412089B true CN102412089B (en) | 2014-04-02 |
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| CN106356246B (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2018-11-16 | 韩润萍 | A kind of vacuum circuit-breaker arc extinguishing chamber vacuum degree on-Line Monitor Device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN202332716U (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2012-07-11 | 河北工业大学 | Vacuum measurement device internally provided with cold cathode tube for vacuum arc extinguish chamber |
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| JPS63318034A (en) * | 1987-06-18 | 1988-12-26 | Hitachi Ltd | Vacuum deterioration detecting device for vacuum switch |
| DE19714655C2 (en) * | 1997-04-09 | 2002-10-17 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Method and device for conditioning a vacuum interrupter |
| CN201569538U (en) * | 2009-03-19 | 2010-09-01 | 河南省泓钻科技发展有限公司 | Vacuum degree on-line monitoring device of inverted-magnetron febetron discharge vacuum switch |
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