CN102411157B - Method and device for unilaterally scanning object and bilaterally and stereoscopically imaging - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and device for unilaterally scanning an object and bilaterally and stereoscopically imaging. The device is characterized by comprising a radiation source, a multi-slit ray collimator, multi-array radiation detectors arranged in the form of certain visual angle difference, a signal processing circuit and a front-end computer of the multi-array radiation detectors, a host computer and a 3D (three-dimensional) display, wherein, the array detectors are spaced and face towards the radiation source with different visual angles. The method for bilaterally and stereoscopically imaging comprises the following steps of: unilaterally scanning the detected object once by the radiation source, taking an image from the left detector of any pair of the array detectors as a left eye image, and taking an image from the right detector as a right eye image so as to show a forward-looking 3D image; horizontally turning over the images from the left detector and the right detector to be respectively taken as a left eye image and a right eye image so as to show a backward-looking 3D image; and combining the forward-looking 3D image with the backward-looking 3D image so as to jointly form the bilateral stereoscopic image. The method and the device disclosed by the invention have the advantages that the bilateral stereoscopic perspective image can be obtained only by unilaterally scanning the object for once during detection, thus being applicable to bilateral stereoscopic perspective detection on containers, vehicles, goods and the like.

Description

Method and the device of object scanning single side bilateral three-dimensional imaging

technical field

The invention belongs to radiant image technical field, be particularly related to a kind of method and apparatus that object is carried out one-sided ray scanning and realized bilateral three-dimensional imaging, be called for short " bilateral stereoscopic imaging apparatus " or " bilateral 3D imaging device ", detect for the bilateral volume rendering of container, vehicle and goods etc.

background technology

The existing radiant image pick-up unit for detection of container, vehicle and other objects, with the radiation source (accelerator, X-ray machine or radioactive isotope) of a generation ray and the detector array of a row reception ray, checked object is carried out to transmission scan, can obtain bidimensional fluoroscopy images.Because multi-layer body overlaps each other in fluoroscopy images, be difficult for identification; More be difficult to differentiate its depth position.Existing a kind of orthogonal imaging technique, each with a radiation source and a row detector at orthogonal directions, object is scanned simultaneously.But volume and the cost of this orthogonal imaging system are multiplied, and carry out recognition object by two width rectangular projection images of object and also relatively require great effort.Adopt CT technology can obtain true 3-D view, but CT imaging requirements radiation source and detector carry out spiral scan around container, vehicle or goods, complex structure, volume is larger, and cost is higher; In speed, be also difficult to meet the requirement of fast detecting.

summary of the invention

For example the object of the invention is to propose one, by object (container, vehicle and goods) is carried out to one-sided rapid scanning, just can obtain the device of the three-dimensional radiant image of bilateral.This apparatus structure is simple, only need on the basis of existing conventional system (radiation source and a row detector), increase row (or multiple row) detector and software, just can become bilateral stereo imaging system.Detection speed is the same fast with existing container or Articles detecting system, carries out fast direct line sweep one time, just can obtain and be equivalent to show from the stereo-picture of object both sides perspective and the dynamic solid of rotary oscillation or depth of field variation.Contribute to especially to show the mutual alignment of overlapped objects, identify and locate.

Technical scheme of the present invention is, a kind of method and device of object scanning single side bilateral three-dimensional imaging, this device comprises radiation source, stitch ray collimator, line up the signal processing circuit of many arrays radiation detector, many arrays radiation detector of certain subtense angle and front-end computer, principal computer and software more, 3D display, and described radiation source and many seam ray collimators are placed in a side of object to be detected; Many arrays radiation detector is placed in the opposite side of object to be detected, is connected with signal processing circuit and front-end computer, principal computer and software, 3D display, and each detector array is mutually at regular intervals, with different visual angles towards radiation source.

Method and the device of a kind of object scanning single side bilateral three-dimensional imaging of the present invention, the method step of its scanning single side bilateral three-dimensional imaging is:

(1) radiation source carries out single pass in object to be detected one side, and using the left detector image of arbitrary pair array detector as left-eye image, the image of right detector, as eye image, demonstrates forward sight 3D rendering;

After the left detector image of arbitrary pair array detector carries out flip horizontal as left-eye image, the image of right detector carries out after flip horizontal, as eye image, demonstrating backsight 3D rendering;

Form bilateral stereo-picture by forward sight 3D rendering and backsight 3D rendering.

Method and the device of a kind of object scanning single side bilateral three-dimensional imaging of the present invention, the method that realizes the dynamic demonstration of stereo-picture is:

(1) show different visual angles by circulation but have the stereo-picture of the poor paired detector array of same view angle, the dynamic 3D that carries out object rotary oscillation shows;

(2) show the stereo-picture of the poor paired detector array of different visual angles by circulation, the dynamic 3D that carries out the variation of the object depth of field shows.

Advantage of the present invention is, when detection, only need carry out single pass in object one side, just can obtain bilateral volume rendering image.Be greater than at 2 o'clock at detector array columns, can show the dynamic three-dimensional pictures that rotary oscillation or the depth of field change, make testing staff easily identify the depth position of overlapped objects.The bilateral volume rendering that the present invention is applicable to container, vehicle and goods etc. detects.

Brief description of the drawings

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of a kind of object scanning single side bilateral stereoscopic imaging apparatus of the present invention

Fig. 2 is bilateral three-dimensional imaging display effect schematic diagram

Fig. 2-A, the forward sight 3D rendering signal of seeing from ray light incident side

Fig. 2-B, the backsight 3D rendering signal of seeing from ray exiting side

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of a kind of object scanning single side bilateral stereoscopic imaging method of the present invention

Fig. 3-A, three-dimensional radiation imaging apparatus vertical view

Fig. 3-B, three-dimensional radiation imaging apparatus front elevation

Fig. 3-C, forward sight 3D rendering (being assumed to be visible ray 3D rendering)

Fig. 3-D, forward sight 3D rendering (3D rendering of transmitted ray, thick square frame is ray exit facet; )

The mirror image of Fig. 3-E, forward sight 3D rendering shows

Fig. 3-F, backsight 3D rendering

Fig. 4 is the 3D imaging schematic diagram before left and right detector image exchanges and after exchanging

3D imaging schematic diagram before Fig. 4-A, exchange,

3D imaging schematic diagram after Fig. 4-B, exchange

Fig. 5 is the product process figure of 2D-3D image

Fig. 6 is the combined screen demonstration figure of 2D-3D image

Fig. 7 is that dynamic 3D shows one of schematic diagram (rotational display of the 3D rendering of the same depth of field)

Fig. 8 is two (the dynamic demonstrations of the 3D rendering of the different depth of field) that dynamic 3D shows schematic diagram

Fig. 9 is the 3 d display device of the employing eyes liquid crystal display of three-dimensional imaging

Figure 10 is the 3D display of the employing bore hole display screen of three-dimensional imaging

In figure, 1-radiation source, 2-stitch collimating apparatus more, 3-various visual angles fan beam, 4-object to be detected, 5-multiple row radiation detector, 5-R-right radiation detector, 5-L-left radiation detector, 6-multiple row signal processor, 7-multiple row image is processed front-end computer, 8-principal computer, 9-3D display, 10-headstock schematic diagram, object image in 11-left detector image, object image in 12-right detector image, object in 13-3D rendering, 14-left eye, 15-right eye, 16-eyes 3D LCDs, 17-bore hole 3D display screen

Embodiment

By fig. 1visible, a kind of object scanning single side bilateral stereoscopic imaging apparatus, comprise radiation source (accelerator, X-ray machine or radioactive isotope) 1, provide the each fan beam of various visual angles fan beam 3(perpendicular to paper through collimating apparatus 2), inject respectively multiple detector arrays 5, adjacent fan beam has certain angle q, is called basic subtense angle.Radiation source and multi-array detector carry out single pass to object to be detected 4, and the signal that each row detector receives is the same as with existing conventional system signal processor 6, generates the two dimensional image (2D image) of each different visual angles in front-end computer 7.Principal computer 8 utilizes 3D software that the each of adjacent visual angle is presented on three-dimensional display (3D display) 9 one by one to image.3D display 9 can be common graphoscope, watches by 3D glasses; Or helmet-type 3D display; Also can be bore hole 3D display screen.The design sketch of bilateral three-dimensional imaging as fig. 2shown in, Fig. 2-A is the forward sight 3D rendering signal of seeing from ray light incident side, Fig. 2-B is the backsight 3D rendering signal of seeing from ray exiting side.

Bilateral stereoscopic imaging method of the present invention as fig. 3shown in, utilize radiation absorption only with the mass thickness in path about and along path incident or the irrelevant principle of outgoing while only considering main transmission information (take no account of scattering and), can, only with the scan-data of a side, recombinate and realize bilateral three-dimensional imaging by beam.Fig. 3 is the ultimate system that adopts a radiation source and two row detectors, the side of radiation source 1 in object to be detected 4, and left detector 5-L and the opposite side of right detector 5-R in object to be detected 4, be q to the subtense angle of radiation source.When this system scans object to be detected 4, in a horizontal plane of object to be detected 4, the transmission path that enters the beam (solid line) of left detector 5-L and enter the beam (dotted line) of right detector 5-R is that angle is two groups of parallel lines (Fig. 3-A) of q.In case, object is from detector

Far away, the mistiming of detecting it by detector about when scanning is larger, and the horizontal level difference of object in the detector image of left and right is larger; The Information base of generation stereoscopic vision that Here it is.Scan if radiation source and detector are changed to object to be detected opposite side, the transmission path of beam in this plane of object to be detected 4, is also that angle is two groups of parallel lines of q.So, in the surface level of object to be detected 4, the data of a side scanning are suitably recombinated, can be used as the data of opposite side scanning.But in the vertical plane of object to be detected 4 (Fig. 3-B), the raypath while scanning in object to be detected both sides is respectively not identical, and they are that the direction to detector is opened separately.Because the object away from detector is larger than the object of being close to detector on projected image, be created on the stereo-picture of opposite side scanning with the scan-data of a side, can make the relative height generation distortion of objects in images.But this does not affect the position relationship of object; Below will illustrate, and not hinder us only to carry out scanning single side and realize bilateral three-dimensional imaging.

By the scanning single side shown in Fig. 3-A, the two width 2D views that obtained by right and left eyes detector, " the front perspective view picture " of generation will be as shown in Fig. 3-D, and this is the stereo-picture of seeing to ray front from actual emanations source.From Fig. 3-B, the casing upper edge projection meeting of exiting side is lower and black than the casing upper edge projection of light incident side.In Fig. 3-D, represent the casing arris projection of ray light incident side with fine rule square frame, thick line square frame represents the casing arris projection of ray exiting side.Seem, the casing arris of exiting side seems to give prominence in case before object.The dark-colored image of thick close object also seems to give prominence to before the light-colored image of frivolous object; Stereoscopic vision is interfered.This is also one of reason that radiolucent 3D imaging fails to be widely used so far.If visual light imaging, front and back object has hiding relation, and stereoscopic visual effect can be more much better than the 3D rendering of ray, as Fig. 3-C.

Bilateral stereoscopic imaging method of the present invention can improve the visual effect of transmission three-dimensional imaging.The principle that generates bilateral stereo-picture by the three-dimensional imaging data of scanning single side as fig. 4shown in, Fig. 4 top is front elevation, below is vertical view.

All types of 3D displays have a basic function: the image of left and right detector can only be seen by eyes respectively.For example in Fig. 4-A, the object image 11 of left detector only enters observer's left eye 14, and the object image 12 in right detector image only enters right eye 15; Before object 13 in 3D vision will be positioned at 3D display 9 apparent planes.Actual object from detector more away from, image in left and right detector image 11 and 12 distances are larger, its 3D image is also more projected at the moment.If by the image exchange of left and right detector (Fig. 4-B), the position of object 13 in 3d space is by after the apparent plane of 3D display 9, and caing be compared to is the mirror image of object image 13 in Fig. 4-A.Mirror transformation has reversed the context of object in 3D rendering.

If left and right detector image is exchanged in Fig. 3, the 3D rendering of generation will be as Fig. 3-E.It is the mirror image of Fig. 3-D that Fig. 3-E cans be compared to, and is equivalent to see from ray exiting side the stereo-picture of object to be detected.A side that has been become nearest eye by examination box arris (thick line square frame) of ray exiting side in Fig. 3-E, it blocks all objects is naturally, does not disturb stereoscopic vision.Ray light incident side farthest, can not blocked the object in any detected casing by examination box arris (fine rule square frame) maximum in Fig. 3-E, so the stereoscopic sensation of Fig. 3-E is better than Fig. 3-D; But the left and right position relationship of object and casing and position opposite in kind in Fig. 3-E.The image of left and right detector is first carried out to flip horizontal regeneration three-dimensional view, obtain Fig. 3-F, the position, left and right of object and casing just can be consistent with position in kind.The same with Fig. 3-E, the stereoscopic visual effect of Fig. 3-F is also relatively good.Definition Fig. 3-F is " virtual rear perspective image ", is called for short " rear perspective image ".

Why Fig. 3-F is called virtual rear view picture, because it is not really to utilize radiation source to carry out the rear view picture that transmission scan obtains after object to be detected.In Fig. 3-F, the object height ratio of different depths is not really to utilize the object height ratio of radiation source when carrying out transmission scan after object to be detected.But its object height ratio is with the conventional 2D view using is the same at present, instead there is the benefit of being convenient to mate identification; Conventional 2D view always needs the basic view showing in testing.

Except upper routine object to be detected arris is to the interference problem of stereoscopic vision, in the time of thick close object and frivolous overlapped object, thick close object seems also can compare " before robbing ", is not easy to distinguish the relative position of equitant frivolous object with it.Adopt bilateral stereoscopic imaging method of the present invention, always having a side image (Fig. 3-D or Fig. 3-F) is that this thick close object is really forward, and from then on side image is seen just than the relative position that is easier to see clearly overlapped objects.

The product process of image is summarized in fig. 5,bilateral three-dimensional imaging of the present invention will demonstrate three kinds of images by a rapid scanning: basic (left eye or right eye) 2D image, and forward sight 3D rendering and backsight 3D rendering, on computer screen 9, combine and show ( fig. 6), controlled observation contributes to recognition object and locus thereof.

3D display of the present invention can adopt the 3D display of existing any type.While adopting complementary color formula (Anaglyph) 3D to show, need to have complementary color 3D rendering shaper, but this belongs to general pattern treatment technology.Complementary color formula 3D rendering uses dark purple (red green) glasses just can watch, and there is no flickering, need not connect signal and power supply, easy to use, can be used as testing staff's first-selection.

Dynamic 3D demonstration of the present invention, object is further to improve the visual effect of 3D radiant image.While seeing static 3D radiation image, observer suitably moves left and right head, can contribute to recognition object distance, but very limited.Adopt the dynamic 3D display packing of various visual angles of the present invention, more contribute to recognition object depth position.As shown in Figure 1, N row detector has the image that N-1 is different to visual angle, and the subtense angle of every pair of image all equals basic subtense angle q; The 3D rendering being generated by every pair of image has the basic depth of field.By N-1, to the different image in visual angle, circulation shows, just can see the individual dynamic 3D rendering with the basic depth of field of N-1 rotary oscillation as fig. 7.For ease of diagram, the image of three different visual angles in figure has deliberately pulled open distance; Their turning axle should be overlapping).The 3D rendering that eye-observation rotates, can be more responsive to the relative position of object.

N row detector has N-2 to having the image pair of 2 times of basic subtense angles, has N-3 to having the image pair of 3 times of basic subtense angles, while being shown as 3D rendering, its depth of field is the basic depth of field 2 times or 3 times, circulation show the dynamic 3D rendering that just can see depth of field variation as fig. 8.

fig. 9in 16 are the 3 d display devices that adopt eyes liquid crystal displays, can be simple switching regulator liquid crystal glasses or high-quality virtual implementing helmet.Directly, by the image input eyes liquid crystal display of left and right detector, can see forward sight 3D rendering; The image of left and right detector is carried out inputting eyes liquid crystal display after flip horizontal again, and what see is backsight 3D rendering.

figure 10in 17 are the 3D displays that adopt bore hole display screen.Do not need to wear anaglyph spectacles and virtual implementing helmet and just can see the volume rendering image of different visual angles.Principal computer 8 is alternately reset the image of each FEP by row, then inputs high resolution display.For example, adopt the system of three detector arrays, single pass obtains the image of three different visual angles.Press row by principal computer and alternately reset, make the 1st, 4,7 of display ... row show left detector array image, the 2nd, 5,8 ... detector array image during row show, the 3rd, 6,9 ... row show right detector array image.The bore hole 3D display screen 20 that refraction angle changes is by column equipped with in display front, and the diverse location of observer before display screen can bore hole be seen the stereo-picture of different visual angles.

Claims (2)

1. the device of an object scanning single side bilateral three-dimensional imaging, this device comprises radiation source, stitch ray collimator, line up the signal processing circuit of many arrays radiation detector, many arrays radiation detector of certain subtense angle and front-end computer, principal computer and software more, 3D display, it is characterized in that, described radiation source and many seam ray collimators are placed in a side of object to be detected; Many arrays radiation detector is placed in the opposite side of object to be detected, is connected with signal processing circuit and front-end computer, principal computer and software, 3D display, and each detector array is mutually at regular intervals, with different visual angles towards radiation source;

Wherein, the feature that adopts this device to carry out scanning single side bilateral three-dimensional imaging is:

(1) radiation source carries out single pass in object to be detected one side, using the image of arbitrary pair array detector as left-and right-eye images, demonstrates forward sight 3D rendering and/or forward sight 3D mirror image;

After the left detector image of arbitrary pair array detector carries out flip horizontal as left-eye image, the image of right detector carries out after flip horizontal, as eye image, demonstrating backsight 3D rendering;

Form bilateral stereo-picture by forward sight 3D rendering and backsight 3D rendering.

2. the device of a kind of object scanning single side bilateral three-dimensional imaging as claimed in claim 1, its feature that realizes the dynamic demonstration of stereo-picture is:

(1) show different visual angles by circulation but have the stereo-picture of the poor paired detector array of same view angle, the dynamic 3D that carries out object rotary oscillation shows;

(2) show the stereo-picture of the poor paired detector array of different visual angles by circulation, the dynamic 3D that carries out the variation of the object depth of field shows.