CN102410240A - Dynamic balance method of magnetic molecular pump - Google Patents
Dynamic balance method of magnetic molecular pump Download PDFInfo
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- CN102410240A CN102410240A CN2011103994693A CN201110399469A CN102410240A CN 102410240 A CN102410240 A CN 102410240A CN 2011103994693 A CN2011103994693 A CN 2011103994693A CN 201110399469 A CN201110399469 A CN 201110399469A CN 102410240 A CN102410240 A CN 102410240A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a dynamic balance method of a magnetic molecular pump. After a motor of the magnetic molecular pump is started, a force control imbalance vibrating control module is started. If an imbalance mass on a rotor enables the maximum radial amplitude of the rotor not to exceed one half of the protective gap in the accelerating process under the control of the force control imbalance vibrating control module, the imbalance vibrating control module can limit the common-frequency vibrating of the rotor, the rotating speed of the rotor can quickly exceed the rigid critical rotating speed, so that the dynamic balance operation can be carried out on the rotor of the magnetic molecular pump at high speed. The dynamic balance method can directly carry out dynamic balance operation to the rotor of the magnetic molecular pump at high speed and has simple steps and high efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the pumping equipment technical field, particularly a kind of magnetic suspension molecular pump dynamic balance method.
Background technique
Molecular pump is a kind of vacuum pump, and it is to utilize the impeller of rotor of high speed rotating to give gas molecule Momentum Transfer, makes it to obtain directed velocity, thereby makes gas be compressed, and driven to relief opening, taken away by fore pump again.The magnetic suspension molecular pump is the molecular pump of a kind of employing magnetic bearing (claiming Active Magnetic Suspending Bearing again) as the molecular pump rotor supporting; It utilize magnetic bearing with rotor stability be suspended in aerial; Make rotor in the high speed operation process and between the stator, not have Mechanical Contact; Advantages such as having and do not have the machinery wearing and tearing, energy consumption is low, allow the rotating speed height, noise is low, the life-span is long, need not to lubricate, the magnetic suspension molecular pump is widely used in the fields such as acquisition of condition of high vacuum degree, high-cleanness, high vacuum environment at present.
The internal structure of magnetic suspension molecular pump is as shown in Figure 1, and the rotor of said magnetic suspension molecular pump comprises rotor shaft 7 and the impeller 1 that is fixedly connected with said rotor shaft 7.Said impeller 1 is fixedly mounted on the top of said rotor shaft 7; On the said rotor shaft 7 according to this compartment of terrain be arranged with devices such as first radial direction magnetic bearing 6, motor 8 and second radial direction magnetic bearing 9, said apparatus has constituted the rotor axial system of said magnetic suspension molecular pump jointly.
After the assembling of magnetic suspension molecular pump is accomplished; Because problems such as each part processing precision difference of rotor; Can cause and have unbalance mass, on the rotor (unbalance mass, is meant the quality that is positioned at the rotor specific radius, and the product of this quality and centripetal acceleration equals uneven centrifugal force.); When unbalance mass, much larger than 10 milligram hours; This unbalance mass, will make the center of gravity of rotor and axle center produce an obvious centripetal moment; In rotor rotation boosting velocity procedure, the centrifugal inertia force that the rotor unbalance quality causes can cause the horizontal mechanical vibration (being generally radial vibration) of rotor to influence system's proper functioning.In addition, the proper functioning speed of magnetic suspension molecular pump rotor is in the high velocity above rotor rigidity critical speed of rotation, and above-mentioned unbalance mass, can cause the rotating speed of rotor can't directly be elevated to its working speed, magnetic suspension molecular pump cisco unity malfunction.Wherein, rotor rigidity critical speed of rotation is meant pairing rotating speed when the rotor rotation frequency equates with the rigidity resonant frequency of rotor-bearing system; And the high velocity that surpasses rotor rigidity critical speed of rotation can be described as ultra rigidity critical speed of rotation district.
The method of the unbalance vibration that a kind of solid of rotation that can suppress high speed rotating such as magnetic suspension rotor system rotor produces in raising speed, reduction of speed process is arranged in the existing technology, be called " unbalance vibration controlling method ".Like Chinese periodical document " method of magnetic levitation bearing system unbalance vibration control " (Zhang Dekui; Jiang Wei; Zhao Hongbin, Tsing-Hua University's journal (natural science edition) 2000, the 40th volume; The 10th phase) introduced two kinds of unbalance vibration controlling methods in: a kind of power of being is freely controlled (force free control); Its basic thought is to produce one with rotor displacement/oscillating signal cophasing, with the compensating signal of amplitude, and the homogenous frequency signal in order to the counteracting rotor oscillation makes controller not respond the synchronous vibration signal; Another kind is open loop feedforward control (open loop feedforward control) (or being called power control); Its basic thought is the once per revolution vibration component that extracts the rotor oscillation signal; Produce control signal corresponding by other feedforward control then, in the control signal of the master controller that is added to.
And, comprise displacement transducer, current sensor, magnetic bearing controller and magnetic bearing power amplifier as disclosing a kind of magnetic levitation flywheel high precision initiative vibration control system among the Chinese patent document CN101261496A.Wherein magnetic bearing controller comprises stability controller, eccentric estimation, magnetic compensation and effect switch.This patent is on the basis of stable control; Introduce eccentric estimation and magnetic compensation; Utilize flywheel unbalance vibration parameter; Amount of unbalance and displacement negative stiffness in the whole speed range of flywheel are compensated, thereby realize the unbalance vibration control of flywheel in whole speed range, flywheel can both be turned round around principal inertia axis in whole ascending, descending speed process accurately.Disclose a kind of split-ring high precision unbalance vibration control system of magnetic suspension reaction flywheel among the Chinese patent document CN101046692A for another example, comprised displacement transducer, displacement signal interface circuit, speed detector, magnetic bearing controller, magnetic bearing power amplification drive circuit and flywheel position identification device.Magnetic bearing controller comprises axial magnetic bearing controller and radial direction magnetic bearing controller; The radial direction magnetic bearing controller is made up of stability controller and unbalance vibration controller two-part, and wherein the unbalance vibration controller compensates the Displacement Feedback of stability controller.On the basis of stable control; The control of introducing unbalance vibration; The flywheel unbalance vibration parameter of discerning when utilizing the flywheel high speed, and the flywheel rotor current location that combines flywheel position identification device to obtain are carried out the ring high precision unbalance vibration control to the whole speed range of flywheel; Thereby realize the unbalance vibration control of flywheel in whole speed range, make in whole ascending, descending speed process, can both highi degree of accuracy turning round of flywheel.
Above-mentioned two pieces of patent documentations are the concrete application of " unbalance vibration controlling method "; Yet because the adjustment control force of " unbalance vibration controlling method " is limited; The unbalance vibration that only when the unbalance mass, of solid of rotation is in certain threshold range, could suppress solid of rotation; That is to say that " unbalance vibration controlling method " can not thoroughly solve owing to the rotor oscillation problem that exists unbalance mass, to cause.So, when rotor exists than the large unbalance quality, can not utilize " unbalance vibration controlling method " to realize vibration suppression, make the rotating speed of rotor directly surpass rotor rigidity critical speed of rotation, arrive its proper functioning rotating speed.
Therefore;, the assembling of magnetic suspension molecular pump must carry out the dynamic balancing operation after accomplishing to its rotor; So-called " dynamic balancing " is meant that the rotor that has unbalance mass, is through after measuring its unbalance mass, size and phase place; Correct, eliminate its unbalance mass,, make the operation of the uneven centrifugal force of the unlikely when rotated generation of rotor.
In the existing technology; Usually adopt dynamic balancing machine to come rotor is carried out the dynamic balancing operation; Its operating process is following: rotor is rotated down at low speed (being the velocity range below the rotor rigidity critical speed of rotation); And under low speed, utilizing dynamic balancing machine that rotor is carried out the dynamic balancing operation, its unbalance mass, is tentatively eliminated in the balance processing that then rotor is increased the weight of or go to weigh; Repeatedly repeating above-mentioned steps then makes rotor speed can break through the ultra rigidity critical speed of rotation of rigidity critical speed of rotation entering district; After treating the ultra rigidity critical speed of rotation of the rotating speed entering district of rotor, under at a high speed, utilize dynamic balancing machine once more rotor to be carried out the dynamic balancing operation, the balance processing that again rotor is increased the weight of afterwards or go to weigh.And in order accurately to remove unbalance mass,, above dynamic balancing operation also will be carried out repeatedly usually repeatedly.
The working speed of magnetic suspension molecular pump rotor is in ultra rigidity critical speed of rotation district; What we paid close attention to is each item performance of high speed lower rotor part, so the dynamic balancing effect under the low speed is more limited, has only after rotor speed surpasses and leaves rotor rigidity critical speed of rotation one segment distance (getting into ultra rigidity critical speed of rotation district); Rotor will be similar to around its center of mass's rotation; Carry out dynamic balancing this moment, more accurate, can obtain better effect.And since the rotor that has a unbalance mass, directly raising speed arrive ultra rigidity critical speed of rotation; Also just can't directly under at a high speed, carry out dynamic balancing; So must be earlier under low speed dynamic balancing make its gradually raising speed to ultra rigidity critical speed of rotation district; Again the dynamic balancing under carrying out at a high speed again, this just makes this dynamic balance method complex steps, inefficiency.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is that dynamic balance method complex steps, the efficient of magnetic suspension molecular pump in the existing technology is very low; Therefore providing a kind of can be directly carry out dynamic balancing to the rotor of magnetic suspension molecular pump and operates the magnetic suspension molecular pump dynamic balance method that step is simple, efficient is high under at a high speed.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technological scheme that the present invention adopts is following:
A kind of dynamic balance method of magnetic suspension molecular pump comprises
1. the motor that starts said magnetic suspension molecular pump begins raising speed; Open the power control unbalance vibration control module in the magnetic suspension molecular pump controller; Gather the radial displacement signal of said magnetic suspension molecular pump rotor by said magnetic suspension molecular pump controller control displacement detector; Detect the radially amplitude of said rotor; If under the control of said power control unbalance vibration control module, said epitrochanterian unbalance mass, makes the maximum radial amplitude of said rotor in boosting velocity procedure be no more than 1/2 of protection gap, so said power control unbalance vibration control module can suppress the once per revolution vibration of said rotor; Make rotor speed surpass its rigidity critical speed of rotation, the order execution in step 2.;
2. said motor continues to quicken, and detects the radial vibration situation of said rotor by said displacement detector, when the amplitude of radial vibration of said rotor surpasses preset non-rated speed amplitude, stops said motor and quickens, and makes stabilization of speed in this rotational speed omega
i(i=0,1,2......) locate; Detect the rotational speed omega of this moment by said magnetic suspension molecular pump controller control speed detector or dynamic balancing machine
iJudge rotational speed omega
iWhether less than rotor rated speed ω
EIf, ω
iLess than ω
EThen in order execution in step 3., otherwise execution in step is 5.;
3. under the control of said power control unbalance vibration control module, utilize said dynamic balancing machine to carry out the dynamic balancing operation that rotor speed is non-rated speed, make rotor speed rise to ω from zero
iIn the process and rotor speed be ω
iThe time, the amplitude of radial vibration of said rotor is all less than preset non-rated speed amplitude, and execution in step is 4. in order afterwards;
4. make i=i+1, repeating step 2.;
5. under the control of said power control unbalance vibration control module, utilize said dynamic balancing machine to carry out rotor speed and be rated speed dynamic balancing operation, make rotor speed rise to ω from zero
EIn the process, the amplitude of radial vibration of said rotor is all less than preset non-rated speed amplitude; And making rotor speed is ω
EThe time, the amplitude of radial vibration of said rotor is less than presetting the remaining unbalance mass, of rated speed amplitude and said rotor less than preset unbalance mass,, and so far whole dynamic balancing process is accomplished.
In the above-mentioned dynamic balance method, 3. said step is specially:
I. utilize said dynamic balancing machine to measure said magnetic suspension molecular pump shell vibration signal; And obtain the rotor speed signal synchronously; The loading phase place that said dynamic balancing machine adopts influence coefficient method or modal balancing method to draw required balancing mass of said rotor and balancing mass according to measured said magnetic suspension molecular pump shell vibration signal and rotor speed calculated signals; Close said motor, make rotor speed drop to zero, afterwards execution in step II in order;
II. according to the required balance quality that calculate to obtain and the loading phase place of balancing mass, said rotor is carried out balance processing, afterwards execution in step III in order;
III. start said motor; Open said power control unbalance vibration control module; Detect the radially amplitude of said rotor by said displacement detector (18); If under the control of said power control unbalance vibration control module, said epitrochanterian unbalance mass, makes the maximum radial amplitude of said rotor in boosting velocity procedure be no more than 1/2 of protection gap, so said power control unbalance vibration control module can suppress the once per revolution vibration of said rotor; Make rotor speed surpass its rigidity critical speed of rotation, execution in step IV in order;
IV. said motor continues to quicken, and detection rotor rotating speed raising speed is to ω
iIn the process and rotor speed be ω
iThe radially amplitude of Shi Suoshu rotor, if the radially amplitude of said rotor all less than preset non-rated speed amplitude, then execution in step is 4.; Quicken if the radially amplitude of finding said rotor, then stops said motor more than or equal to preset non-rated speed amplitude, repeat said step I.
In the above-mentioned dynamic balance method, 5. said step is specially:
If ω A.
i＞ω
EThen starting said motor slows down rotor speed is adjusted into ω
E, otherwise rotor speed is remained on ω
E
B. utilize said dynamic balancing machine to measure said magnetic suspension molecular pump shell vibration signal; And obtain the rotor speed signal synchronously; The loading phase place that said dynamic balancing machine adopts influence coefficient method or modal balancing method to draw required balancing mass of said rotor and balancing mass according to measured said magnetic suspension molecular pump shell vibration signal and rotor speed calculated signals; Close said motor, make rotor speed drop to zero, afterwards execution in step C in order;
C. according to the required balance quality that calculate to obtain and the loading phase place of balancing mass, said rotor is carried out balance processing, afterwards execution in step D in order;
D. start said motor; Open said power control unbalance vibration control module; Detect the radially amplitude of said rotor by said displacement detector; If under the control of said power control unbalance vibration control module, said epitrochanterian unbalance mass, makes the maximum radial amplitude of said rotor in boosting velocity procedure be no more than 1/2 of protection gap, so said power control unbalance vibration control module can suppress the once per revolution vibration of said rotor; Make rotor speed surpass its rigidity critical speed of rotation, execution in step E in order;
E. said motor continues to quicken, and detection rotor rotating speed raising speed is to ω
EThe radially amplitude of rotor described in the process, if the radially amplitude of said rotor all less than preset non-rated speed amplitude, execution in step F in order then; Quicken if the radially amplitude of finding said rotor, then stops said motor more than or equal to preset non-rated speed amplitude, repeat said step B;
F. start said motor and continue raising speed to ω
E, stop said motor and quicken, make stabilization of speed in this rotational speed omega
EPlace, execution in step G in order afterwards;
G. detect the radially amplitude of said rotor this moment,
If a. the radially amplitude of said rotor is less than preset rated speed amplitude; Then utilize said dynamic balancing machine to measure said magnetic suspension molecular pump shell vibration signal; And obtain the rotor speed signal synchronously; Said dynamic balancing machine adopts influence coefficient method or modal balancing method according to the loading phase place that measured said magnetic suspension molecular pump shell vibration signal and rotor speed calculated signals draw required balancing mass of said rotor and balancing mass, closes said motor, and it is zero that rotor speed is dropped to;
If the unbalance mass, of i. said rotor remnants is less than preset unbalance mass,, then whole dynamic balancing process is accomplished;
Ii. otherwise carry out said step C;
If b. the radially amplitude of said rotor then repeats said step B more than or equal to preset rated speed amplitude.
In the above-mentioned dynamic balance method, said preset non-rated speed amplitude is [20 μ m, 40 μ m], and said preset rated speed amplitude is [0.05 μ m, 0.1 μ m], and said preset unbalance mass, is [5mg, 12mg].
In the above-mentioned dynamic balance method, said preset non-rated speed amplitude is 40 μ m, and said preset rated speed amplitude is 0.1 μ m, and said preset unbalance mass, is 10mg.
In the above-mentioned dynamic balance method, 1. said step also comprises that dynamics simulation calculating and the experiment according to said magnetic suspension molecular pump obtains rotor rigidity critical speed of rotation and rated speed ω before
EStep.
In the above-mentioned dynamic balance method; In said step 3. and 5.; The vibration detection probe measurement said magnetic suspension molecular pump shell vibration signal of said dynamic balancing machine through being provided with on it, said dynamic balancing machine is measured the rotor speed signal through the rotational speed probe that is provided with on it.
Technique scheme of the present invention is compared existing technology and is had the following advantages:
The dynamic balance method of magnetic suspension molecular pump 1. provided by the invention; Behind the motor that starts the magnetic suspension molecular pump, opening force control unbalance vibration control module is if under the control of power control unbalance vibration control module; Epitrochanterian unbalance mass, makes rotor maximum radial amplitude in the course of the work be no more than 1/2 (unbalance mass, that is rotor will be in certain threshold range) in protection gap; Power control unbalance vibration control module can suppress the once per revolution vibration of rotor so, makes the rotating speed of rotor can surpass its rigidity critical speed of rotation very soon, and directly the rotor to the magnetic suspension molecular pump carries out the dynamic balancing operation under fair speed; Needn't under low speed, do rotor dynamic balancing like this; Simplify operating procedure, can carry out the dynamic balancing operation fast and efficiently, improved dynamically balanced efficient greatly.
The dynamic balance method of magnetic suspension molecular pump 2. provided by the invention utilizes the standard equipment dynamic balancing machine can accomplish the calculating to rotor required balance quality and balancing mass loading phase place, and is easy and simple to handle.
The dynamic balance method of magnetic suspension molecular pump 3. provided by the invention; When adopting influence coefficient method or modal balancing method to obtain the loading phase place of required balancing mass of rotor and balancing mass; Each reduction of speed is opening force control unbalance vibration control module once more; Make the rotating speed of rotor drop to zero reposefully, to reduce the mechanical vibration that unbalance mass, causes, the protection rotor part.
The dynamic balance method of magnetic suspension molecular pump 4. provided by the invention; Employing power control unbalance vibration control algorithm; Power control unbalance vibration control algorithm can be used in the bigger situation of rotor oscillation amount; Through applying and the former control force of rotor with the anti-phase of frequency excitation force; Can reduce rotor effectively with the vibration of displacement frequently,, be beneficial to and use dynamic balancing machine detection rotor oscillating signal because the principle of power control unbalance vibration control algorithm can make the once per revolution vibration of rotor can better be delivered to the casing of molecular pump.
5. magnetic suspension molecular pump dynamic balance method provided by the invention; Wherein preset non-rated speed amplitude is 40 μ m; This value can satisfy the radially vibration situation requirement of amplitude of non-rated speed lower rotor part, makes rotor raising speed more reposefully, until reaching rated speed.Wherein preset rated speed amplitude is 0.1 μ m, and preset unbalance mass, is 10mg, more than two numerical standard can guarantee rotor under rated speed, smooth operation guarantees the stable operation of magnetic suspension molecular pump.
Description of drawings
For content of the present invention is more clearly understood, below according to a particular embodiment of the invention and combine accompanying drawing, the present invention is done further detailed explanation, wherein
Fig. 1 is a magnetic suspension molecular pump structural representation among the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a power control unbalance vibration control algorithm schematic diagram among the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a dynamic balance method flow chart among the present invention.
Reference character is expressed as among the figure: the 1-impeller, and 2-magnetic suspension molecular pump controller, the 3-pump housing, 4-first radially protects bearing; 5-first radial transducer, 6-first radial direction magnetic bearing, 7-rotor shaft, 8-motor; 9-second radial direction magnetic bearing, 10-second radial transducer, 11-second radially protects bearing, and 12-axially protects bearing; 13-first axial magnetic bearing, 14-thrust disc, 15-second axial magnetic bearing, 16-axial sensor; The 17-tenminal block, 18-displacement detector, 19-speed detector.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1; It is magnetic suspension molecular pump structural representation involved in the present invention; The molecular pump of magnetic suspension described in the present embodiment vertically is provided with, and said magnetic suspension molecular pump comprises the pump housing 3, be arranged on other structures that the magnetic suspension molecular pump should have described in rotor axial system and the existing technology in the said pump housing 3.
Said rotor axial system comprises rotor, first radial direction magnetic bearing 6, second radial direction magnetic bearing 9, first axial magnetic bearing 13 and second axial magnetic bearing 15; Said rotor comprise rotor shaft 7, with fixing impeller 1 of said rotor shaft 7 and the build-up member that is used for fixing said impeller 1, like screw, nut etc.
The axis of said rotor shaft 7 vertically is provided with, and said impeller 1 is fixedly installed on the top of said rotor shaft 7.The bottom of said rotor shaft 7 is provided with said first axial magnetic bearing 13, said second axial magnetic bearing 15, thrust disc 14 and axially protects bearing 12 and be used to detect the axial sensor 16 of said rotor axial displacement signal.On the said rotor shaft 7 according to this compartment of terrain be arranged with first and radially protect bearing 4, first radial transducer 5, first radial direction magnetic bearing 6, motor 8, second radial direction magnetic bearing 9, second radial transducer 10 and second radially to protect devices such as bearing 11.Said first radially protects bearing 4 radially to protect bearing 11 coaxial with said second, and radial dimension is identical.Said first radial direction magnetic bearing 6 comprises the first radial direction magnetic bearing stator and the first radial direction magnetic bearing rotor, and the said first radial direction magnetic bearing stator is fixedly connected with the said pump housing 3, and the said first radial direction magnetic bearing rotor is fixedly connected with said rotor shaft 7; Said first radial transducer 5 is used to detect the radial displacement signal of stating rotor in said first radial transducer 5 places.Said second radial direction magnetic bearing 9 comprises the second radial direction magnetic bearing stator and the second radial direction magnetic bearing rotor, and the said second radial direction magnetic bearing stator is fixedly connected with the said pump housing 3, and the said second radial direction magnetic bearing rotor is fixedly connected with said rotor shaft 7; Said second radial transducer 10 is used to detect the radial displacement signal of stating rotor in said second radial transducer 10 places.Said rotor shaft 7 is by said first radial direction magnetic bearing 6, said second radial direction magnetic bearing 9, said first axial magnetic bearing 13 and 15 supportings of said second axial magnetic bearing.
The control system of said magnetic suspension molecular pump comprises displacement detector 18, speed detector 19 and magnetic suspension molecular pump controller 2; Said displacement detector 18 is used to receive displacement signal; Its signal input part is connected with the signal output part of said first radial transducer 5, said second radial transducer 10 and said axial sensor 16, and the signal output part of said displacement detector 18 is connected with the signal input part of said magnetic suspension molecular pump controller 2; Said speed detector 19 is used for the detection rotor tach signal; Its signal input part is connected to the rotating speed detecting sensor through the tenminal block 17 of said magnetic suspension molecular pump, and the signal output part of said speed detector 19 is connected with the signal input part of said magnetic suspension molecular pump controller 2.
Said magnetic suspension molecular pump controller 2 built-in various control algorithm modules; Said magnetic suspension molecular pump controller 2 can be according to the displacement signal of said displacement detector 18 acquisitions; Call the appropriate control algorithm and analyze computing, finally drive corresponding magnetic bearing (in said first radial direction magnetic bearing 6, said second radial direction magnetic bearing 9, said first axial magnetic bearing 13 and said second axial magnetic bearing 15 one or more) output electromagnetic force the motion of said rotor is applied control.Said magnetic suspension molecular pump controller 2 also can be monitored the rotation of said rotor, and adjusted rotor speed as required according to the tach signal of said speed detector 19 acquisitions in real time.
Also built-in strong control unbalance vibration control algorithm in the said magnetic suspension molecular pump controller 2, i.e. open loop feedforward control algorithm.Said power is controlled the unbalance vibration control algorithm can suppress the once per revolution vibration of said rotor through producing and the former control force with the anti-phase of frequency excitation force of rotor, makes said rotor around its principal axis of inertia rotation, as shown in Figure 2.
After said magnetic suspension molecular pump processing and assembling is accomplished, need carry out the dynamic balancing operation to said magnetic suspension molecular pump, remove the unbalance mass, of said rotor.In the present embodiment, the rigidity critical speed of rotation of said rotor and rated speed ω
EKnown, as shown in Figure 3, said dynamic balance method comprises:
1. start said motor 8 beginning raising speeds; Open said power control unbalance vibration control module; Gather the radial displacement signal of said magnetic suspension molecular pump rotor by the said displacement detector 18 of said magnetic suspension molecular pump controller 2 controls; Detect the radially amplitude of said rotor, said in the present embodiment displacement detector 18 is gathered the radially amplitude of said rotor through said first radial transducer 5 and said second radial transducer 10.If under the control of said power control unbalance vibration control module; Said epitrochanterian unbalance mass, makes the maximum radial amplitude of said rotor in boosting velocity procedure be no more than 1/2 of protection gap; So said power control unbalance vibration control module can suppress the once per revolution vibration of said rotor; Make rotor speed surpass its rigidity critical speed of rotation, the order execution in step 2..If surpassing, rotor maximum radial amplitude radially protects 1/2 of gap; Then adopt traditional dynamic balance method; At first carry out low-speed balancing, to guarantee that in rotor speed surpasses rigidity critical speed of rotation process the rotor radial vibration is no more than all the time radially protects 1/2 of gap; After rotor speed surpassed its rigidity critical speed of rotation then, the order execution in step 2..
2. said motor 8 continues to quicken, and detects the radial vibration situation of said rotor by said displacement detector 18, when the amplitude of radial vibration of said rotor surpasses preset non-rated speed amplitude, stops said motor 8 and quickens, and makes stabilization of speed in this rotational speed omega
i(i=0,1,2......) locate.The scope of said preset non-rated speed amplitude is [20 μ m, 40 μ m], and in the present embodiment, said preset non-rated speed amplitude is 40 μ m.Detect rotor speed ω this moment by said magnetic suspension molecular pump controller 2 control speed detectors 19 or dynamic balancing machine
i(said speed detector 19 is gathered rotor speed through the rotating speed detecting sensor).Judge rotational speed omega
iWhether less than rotor rated speed ω
EIf, ω
iLess than ω
EThen in order execution in step 3., otherwise execution in step is 5..
3. under the control of said power control unbalance vibration control module, utilize said dynamic balancing machine to carry out the dynamic balancing operation that rotor speed is non-rated speed, make rotor speed rise to ω from zero
iIn the process and rotor speed be ω
iThe time, the amplitude of radial vibration of said rotor is all less than preset non-rated speed amplitude, i.e. 40 μ m, and execution in step is 4. in order afterwards.Concrete steps comprise:
I. utilize said dynamic balancing machine to measure said magnetic suspension molecular pump shell vibration signal; And obtain the rotor speed signal synchronously; The vibration detection probe measurement said magnetic suspension molecular pump shell vibration signal of said dynamic balancing machine through being provided with on it, said dynamic balancing machine is measured the rotor speed signal through the rotational speed probe that is provided with on it.The loading phase place that said dynamic balancing machine adopts influence coefficient method to draw required balancing mass of said rotor and balancing mass according to measured said magnetic suspension molecular pump shell vibration signal and rotor speed calculated signals; Close said motor 8; Make rotor speed drop to zero, afterwards execution in step II in order.
In implementing the influence coefficient method process, preset first equilibrium surface and second equilibrium surface, first equilibrium surface and second equilibrium surface all perpendicular to said rotor axially, and be arranged on away from rotor center, the position near two ends.The starting electrical machinery raising speed is when rotor speed arrives rotational speed omega
iThe time, stop motor and quicken, make stabilization of speed at ω
iWrite down the initial unbalance vector V that the displacement transducer by first equilibrium surface and the second equilibrium surface place records respectively
0Close said motor 8, rotor speed adds test mass m after reducing to zero on first equilibrium surface
1The starting electrical machinery raising speed is when rotor speed arrives rotational speed omega
iThe time, stop motor and quicken, make stabilization of speed at ω
iWrite down the initial unbalance vector V that the displacement transducer by first equilibrium surface and the second equilibrium surface place records respectively
1Close said motor 8, rotor speed adds test mass m after reducing to zero on second equilibrium surface
2The starting electrical machinery raising speed is when rotor speed arrives rotational speed omega
iThe time, stop motor and quicken, make stabilization of speed at ω
iWrite down the initial unbalance vector V that the displacement transducer by first equilibrium surface and the second equilibrium surface place records respectively
2Close said motor 8, rotor speed reduces to zero.Utilize influence coefficient method can calculate the required balancing mass of each equilibrium surface and load phase place according to above-mentioned data.
II. according to the required balance quality that calculate to obtain and the loading phase place of balancing mass, said rotor is carried out balance processing, afterwards execution in step III in order;
III. start said motor 8; Open said power control unbalance vibration control module; Detect the radially amplitude of said rotor by said displacement detector 18; If under the control of said power control unbalance vibration control module, unbalance mass, makes the maximum radial amplitude of said rotor in boosting velocity procedure be no more than 1/2 of protection gap on the said rotor, so said power control unbalance vibration control module can suppress the once per revolution vibration of said rotor; Make rotor speed surpass its rigidity critical speed of rotation, execution in step IV in order.
IV. said motor 8 continues to quicken, and detection rotor rotating speed raising speed is to ω
iIn the process and rotor speed be ω
iThe radially amplitude of Shi Suoshu rotor, if the radially amplitude of said rotor all less than preset non-rated speed amplitude, then execution in step is 4.; Quicken if the radially amplitude of finding said rotor, then stops said motor 8 more than or equal to preset non-rated speed amplitude, repeat said step I.
4. make i=i+1, repeating step 2..
5. under the control of said power control unbalance vibration control module, utilize said dynamic balancing machine to carry out rotor speed and be rated speed dynamic balancing operation, make rotor speed rise to ω from zero
EIn the process, the amplitude of radial vibration of said rotor is all less than preset non-rated speed amplitude; And making rotor speed is ω
EThe time, the amplitude of radial vibration of said rotor is less than presetting the remaining unbalance mass, of rated speed amplitude and said rotor less than preset unbalance mass,, and so far whole dynamic balancing process is accomplished.Said preset rated speed amplitude range is [0.05 μ m, 0.1 μ m], and said preset unbalance mass, is [5mg, 12mg], and in the present embodiment, said preset rated speed amplitude is 0.1 μ m, and said preset unbalance mass, is 10mg.Concrete steps comprise:
If ω A.
i＞ω
EThen starting said motor 8 slows down rotor speed is adjusted into ω
E, otherwise rotor speed is remained on ω
E
B. utilize said dynamic balancing machine to measure said magnetic suspension molecular pump shell vibration signal; And obtain the rotor speed signal synchronously; The vibration detection probe measurement said magnetic suspension molecular pump shell vibration signal of said dynamic balancing machine through being provided with on it, said dynamic balancing machine is measured the rotor speed signal through the rotational speed probe that is provided with on it.The loading phase place that said dynamic balancing machine adopts influence coefficient method to draw required balancing mass of said rotor and balancing mass according to measured said magnetic suspension molecular pump shell vibration signal and rotor speed calculated signals; Close said motor 8; Make rotor speed drop to zero, afterwards execution in step C in order.
In implementing the influence coefficient method process, preset first equilibrium surface and second equilibrium surface, first equilibrium surface and second equilibrium surface all perpendicular to said rotor axially, and be arranged on away from rotor center, the position near two ends.The starting electrical machinery raising speed is when rotor speed arrives rated speed ω
EThe time, stop motor and quicken, make stabilization of speed at ω
EWrite down respectively the initial unbalance vector V that the displacement transducer by first equilibrium surface and the second equilibrium surface place records '
0Close said motor 8, rotor speed adds test mass m ' after reducing to zero on first equilibrium surface
1Starting electrical machinery quickens, when rotor speed arrives rated speed ω
EThe time, stop motor and quicken, make stabilization of speed at ω
EWrite down respectively the initial unbalance vector V that the displacement transducer by first equilibrium surface and the second equilibrium surface place records '
1Close said motor 8, rotor speed adds test mass m ' after reducing to zero on second equilibrium surface
2Starting electrical machinery quickens, when rotor speed arrives rated speed ω
EThe time, stop motor and quicken, make stabilization of speed at ω
EWrite down respectively the initial unbalance vector V that the displacement transducer by first equilibrium surface and the second equilibrium surface place records '
2Close said motor 8, rotor speed reduces to zero.Utilize influence coefficient method can calculate the required balancing mass of each equilibrium surface and load phase place according to above-mentioned data.
C. according to the required balance quality that calculate to obtain and the loading phase place of balancing mass, said rotor is carried out balance processing, afterwards execution in step D in order.
D. start said motor 8; Open said power control unbalance vibration control module; Detect the radially amplitude of said rotor by said displacement detector 18; If under the control of said power control unbalance vibration control module, unbalance mass, makes the maximum radial amplitude of said rotor in boosting velocity procedure be no more than 1/2 of protection gap on the said rotor, so said power control unbalance vibration control module can suppress the once per revolution vibration of said rotor; Make rotor speed surpass its rigidity critical speed of rotation, execution in step E in order.
E. said motor 8 continues to quicken, and detection rotor rotating speed raising speed is to ω
EThe radially amplitude of rotor described in the process, if the radially amplitude of said rotor all less than preset non-rated speed amplitude, execution in step F in order then; Quicken if the radially amplitude of finding said rotor, then stops said motor 8 more than or equal to preset non-rated speed amplitude, repeat said step B.
F. start said motor 8 and continue raising speed to ω
E, stop said motor 8 and quicken, make stabilization of speed in this rotational speed omega
EPlace, execution in step G in order afterwards.
G. detect the radially amplitude of said rotor this moment,
If a. the radially amplitude of said rotor is less than preset rated speed amplitude; Then utilize said dynamic balancing machine to measure said magnetic suspension molecular pump shell vibration signal; And obtain the rotor speed signal synchronously; Said dynamic balancing machine adopts influence coefficient method according to the loading phase place that measured said magnetic suspension molecular pump shell vibration signal and rotor speed calculated signals draw required balancing mass of said rotor and balancing mass, closes said motor 8, and it is zero that rotor speed is dropped to;
If the unbalance mass, of i. said rotor remnants is less than preset unbalance mass,, then whole dynamic balancing process is accomplished;
Ii. otherwise carry out said step C;
If b. the radially amplitude of said rotor then repeats said step B more than or equal to preset rated speed amplitude.
In other embodiments, also comprise before 1. that in said step dynamics simulation calculating and experiment according to said magnetic suspension molecular pump obtain rotor rigidity critical speed of rotation and rated speed ω
EStep, said dynamics simulation calculates and calculating well known in the prior art and experimental technique are adopted in experiment.
In other embodiments, said dynamic balancing machine also can adopt the modal balancing method except adopting influence coefficient method.
In other embodiments; According to different situations; Said preset non-rated speed amplitude also can be chosen for 20 μ m, 25 μ m, 30 μ m or 35 μ m etc.; Said preset rated speed amplitude also can be chosen for 0.05 μ m, 0.07 μ m or 0.09 μ m etc., and said preset unbalance mass, also can be chosen for 5mg, 8mg or 12mg etc., can realize the object of the invention equally.
Obviously, the foregoing description only be for explanation clearly done for example, and be not qualification to mode of execution.For the those of ordinary skill in affiliated field, can also make other multi-form variation or change on the basis of the above description.Here need not also can't give exhaustive to all mode of executions.And conspicuous variation of being extended out thus or change still are among the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. a magnetic suspension molecular pump dynamic balance method is characterized in that: comprise
1. start motor (8) the beginning raising speed of said magnetic suspension molecular pump; Open the power control unbalance vibration control module in the magnetic suspension molecular pump controller (2); Gather the radial displacement signal of said magnetic suspension molecular pump rotor by said magnetic suspension molecular pump controller (2) control displacement detector (18); Detect the radially amplitude of said rotor; If under the control of said power control unbalance vibration control module, said epitrochanterian unbalance mass, makes the maximum radial amplitude of said rotor in boosting velocity procedure be no more than 1/2 of protection gap, so said power control unbalance vibration control module can suppress the once per revolution vibration of said rotor; Make rotor speed surpass its rigidity critical speed of rotation, the order execution in step 2.;
2. said motor (8) continues to quicken; Detect the radial vibration situation of said rotor by said displacement detector (18); When the amplitude of radial vibration of said rotor surpasses preset non-rated speed amplitude, stop said motor (8) and quicken, make stabilization of speed in this rotational speed omega
i(i=0,1,2......) locate; Detect the rotational speed omega of this moment by said magnetic suspension molecular pump controller (2) control speed detector (19) or dynamic balancing machine
iJudge rotational speed omega
iWhether less than rotor rated speed ω
EIf, ω
iLess than ω
EThen in order execution in step 3., otherwise execution in step is 5.;
3. under the control of said power control unbalance vibration control module, utilize said dynamic balancing machine to carry out the dynamic balancing operation that rotor speed is non-rated speed, make rotor speed rise to ω from zero
iIn the process and rotor speed be ω
iThe time, the amplitude of radial vibration of said rotor is all less than preset non-rated speed amplitude, and execution in step is 4. in order afterwards;
4. make i=i+1, repeating step 2.;
5. under the control of said power control unbalance vibration control module, utilize said dynamic balancing machine to carry out rotor speed and be rated speed dynamic balancing operation, make rotor speed rise to ω from zero
EIn the process, the amplitude of radial vibration of said rotor is all less than preset non-rated speed amplitude; And making rotor speed is ω
EThe time, the amplitude of radial vibration of said rotor is less than presetting the remaining unbalance mass, of rated speed amplitude and said rotor less than preset unbalance mass,, and so far whole dynamic balancing process is accomplished.
2. dynamic balance method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: 3. said step is specially:
I. utilize said dynamic balancing machine to measure said magnetic suspension molecular pump shell vibration signal; And obtain the rotor speed signal synchronously; The loading phase place that said dynamic balancing machine adopts influence coefficient method or modal balancing method to draw required balancing mass of said rotor and balancing mass according to measured said magnetic suspension molecular pump shell vibration signal and rotor speed calculated signals; Close said motor (8), make rotor speed drop to zero, afterwards execution in step II in order;
II. according to the required balance quality that calculate to obtain and the loading phase place of balancing mass, said rotor is carried out balance processing, afterwards execution in step III in order;
III. start said motor (8); Open said power control unbalance vibration control module; Detect the radially amplitude of said rotor by said displacement detector (18); If under the control of said power control unbalance vibration control module, said epitrochanterian unbalance mass, makes the maximum radial amplitude of said rotor in boosting velocity procedure be no more than 1/2 of protection gap, so said power control unbalance vibration control module can suppress the once per revolution vibration of said rotor; Make rotor speed surpass its rigidity critical speed of rotation, execution in step IV in order;
IV. said motor (8) continues to quicken, and detection rotor rotating speed raising speed is to ω
iIn the process and rotor speed be ω
iThe radially amplitude of Shi Suoshu rotor, if the radially amplitude of said rotor all less than preset non-rated speed amplitude, then execution in step is 4.; Quicken if the radially amplitude of finding said rotor, then stops said motor (8) more than or equal to preset non-rated speed amplitude, repeat said step I.
3. dynamic balance method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: 5. said step is specially:
If ω A.
i＞ω
EThen starting said motor (8) slows down rotor speed is adjusted into ω
E, otherwise rotor speed is remained on ω
E
B. utilize said dynamic balancing machine to measure said magnetic suspension molecular pump shell vibration signal; And obtain the rotor speed signal synchronously; The loading phase place that said dynamic balancing machine adopts influence coefficient method or modal balancing method to draw required balancing mass of said rotor and balancing mass according to measured said magnetic suspension molecular pump shell vibration signal and rotor speed calculated signals; Close said motor (8), make rotor speed drop to zero, afterwards execution in step C in order;
C. according to the required balance quality that calculate to obtain and the loading phase place of balancing mass, said rotor is carried out balance processing, afterwards execution in step D in order;
D. start said motor (8); Open said power control unbalance vibration control module; Detect the radially amplitude of said rotor by said displacement detector (18); If under the control of said power control unbalance vibration control module, said epitrochanterian unbalance mass, makes the maximum radial amplitude of said rotor in boosting velocity procedure be no more than 1/2 of protection gap, so said power control unbalance vibration control module can suppress the once per revolution vibration of said rotor; Make rotor speed surpass its rigidity critical speed of rotation, execution in step E in order;
E. said motor (8) continues to quicken, and detection rotor rotating speed raising speed is to ω
EThe radially amplitude of rotor described in the process, if the radially amplitude of said rotor all less than preset non-rated speed amplitude, execution in step F in order then; Quicken if the radially amplitude of finding said rotor, then stops said motor (8) more than or equal to preset non-rated speed amplitude, repeat said step B;
F. start said motor (8) and continue raising speed to ω
E, stop said motor (8) and quicken, make stabilization of speed in this rotational speed omega
EPlace, execution in step G in order afterwards;
G. detect the radially amplitude of said rotor this moment,
If a. the radially amplitude of said rotor is less than preset rated speed amplitude; Then utilize said dynamic balancing machine to measure said magnetic suspension molecular pump shell vibration signal; And obtain the rotor speed signal synchronously; The loading phase place that said dynamic balancing machine adopts influence coefficient method or modal balancing method to draw required balancing mass of said rotor and balancing mass according to measured said magnetic suspension molecular pump shell vibration signal and rotor speed calculated signals; Close said motor (8), make rotor speed drop to zero;
If the unbalance mass, of i. said rotor remnants is less than preset unbalance mass,, then whole dynamic balancing process is accomplished;
Ii. otherwise carry out said step C;
If b. the radially amplitude of said rotor then repeats said step B more than or equal to preset rated speed amplitude.
4. according to the arbitrary described dynamic balance method of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: said preset non-rated speed amplitude is [20 μ m, 40 μ m], and said preset rated speed amplitude is [0.05 μ m, 0.1 μ m], and said preset unbalance mass, is [5mg, 12mg].
5. dynamic balance method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: said preset non-rated speed amplitude is 40 μ m, and said preset rated speed amplitude is 0.1 μ m, and said preset unbalance mass, is 10mg.
6. dynamic balance method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: 1. said step also comprises that dynamics simulation calculating and the experiment according to said magnetic suspension molecular pump obtains rotor rigidity critical speed of rotation and rated speed ω before
EStep.
7. dynamic balance method according to claim 6; It is characterized in that: in said step 3. and 5.; The vibration detection probe measurement said magnetic suspension molecular pump shell vibration signal of said dynamic balancing machine through being provided with on it, said dynamic balancing machine is measured the rotor speed signal through the rotational speed probe that is provided with on it.
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| CN112014034A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-12-01 | 清华大学 | Dynamic balance method and device for magnetic bearing rotor |
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