CN102409162B - Method and device for roasting sodium oxide by using shaft furnace - Google Patents
Method and device for roasting sodium oxide by using shaft furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN102409162B CN102409162B CN 201110371297 CN201110371297A CN102409162B CN 102409162 B CN102409162 B CN 102409162B CN 201110371297 CN201110371297 CN 201110371297 CN 201110371297 A CN201110371297 A CN 201110371297A CN 102409162 B CN102409162 B CN 102409162B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for roasting sodium oxide by using a shaft furnace. The method comprises the following steps of: feeding pelletized materials by using a rotary feeder positioned above a furnace wall brickmasonary to a drying bed which is inclined downwards; feeding into a vertical furnace cavity enclosed by the furnace wall brickmasonary after the pelletized materials are dried by the drying bed; and in the process of moving the materials downwards in the furnace cavity, reacting the materials with combustion gas which is generated by combustion in a combustion chamber and is fed into the furnace cavity from a fire spraying port positioned in the middle of the furnace wall brickmasonary and mixed gas formed by secondary air from the lower part of the furnace cavity to finish roasting the sodium oxide, cooling the roasted materials by using cooling air generated by an air blower positioned below the furnace wall brickmasonary, and discharging by using a discharging device positioned below the furnace wall brickmasonary, wherein the secondary air is heat exchanged hot air formed by the roasted materials after the cooling of the cooling air. The invention also discloses a device for roasting the sodium oxide by using the shaft furnace. The method and the device can be applied in the field of roasting of the sodium oxide.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to take vanadium titano-magnetite, contain vanadium Rock coal containing alum sodium oxide baking technical field in the metallurgical process for extracting vanadium flow process of raw material, especially relate to a kind of high-efficiency and energy-saving type sodium oxide by using shaft furnace roasting method and device of economy.
Background technology
Vanadium has good physicals, stable chemical property and good catalytic, and it is widely used in the numerous areas such as industry, military affairs, aviation.Titanium is also because having excellent physics, chemical property, and is widely used in the fields such as chemical industry, metallurgy, aviation.Developed country all pays much attention to vanadium titanium industrial expansion, and always the vanadium titanium as strategic materials reserve, China has listed vanadium in one of rare elements that restricts export.
Existing take vanadium titano-magnetite, Rock coal containing alum etc. as raw material, the Production Flow Chart of producing the vanadium Industrial products of the barium oxides such as Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES and vanadous oxide is: pre-treatment → roasting → leaching → precipitation → pyrolysis or reduction.Wherein roasting is generally sodium oxide baking, plays very important effect in whole technological process.So-called sodium oxide baking is exactly take sodium salt as additive, by oxidizing reaction, with the vanadium ion (V of various valence states in the raw material
+ 3, V
+ 4) be converted into soluble vanadium ion (V
+ 5) process, namely under oxidizing atmosphere, make it to generate with the sodium salt reaction after the oxidation process of the vanadic acid sodium that is dissolvable in water water.In the roasting process, temperature and atmosphere are to affect roasting quality, and then affect the principal element of vanadium transformation efficiency.Vanadium titano-magnetite or Rock coal containing alum, the temperature of roasting in stove is continuously from low temperature to high temperature, stepping process from high temperature to low temperature again, under the said temperature environment, vanadium titano-magnetite or Rock coal containing alum are progressively finished oxidation, sodium and process of cooling.From in V-ti Bearing Magnetite Pellets enters stove, to about 600 ℃, finish oxidation; Since 600 ℃, between top temperature, finish the sodium process, general top temperature is controlled at 800 ~ 1200 ℃; Be process of cooling from top temperature to about 500 ℃.So-called calcination atmosphere refers to make in the reaction shaft furnace and is in oxidizing atmosphere, and namely oxygen has certain surplus.
At present, roasting apparatus adopts rotary kiln, multiple hearth furnace, flat kiln more.Wherein:
Rotary kiln is the stove with the round tube type at less angle of inclination, inner lining refractory.V-ti Bearing Magnetite Pellets is packed into from kiln body one end, is that discharge end is provided with the heating burner so that the V-ti Bearing Magnetite Pellets in the kiln is heated at the other end of kiln body.Furnace charge in the kiln body is from continuous whereabouts, the furnace wall of rotation and be stirred roasting, discharges from the bottom of kiln body discharge end.Because the suction of flue gas has prevented from exposing flue gas and dust from the two ends of stove.Rotary structure is simple, stirring is good, heat distribution is even, throughput is large, maintenance and simple to operate.Its shortcoming is: initial outlay is larger, and is strict to material proportion, relatively poor to the adaptability of raw material, and Control for Kiln Temperature is difficult, easily forms spherical material, even forms ring-type furnace accretion (being ring formation in the kiln), thereby brings difficulty to operation, the vanadic acid sodium low conversion rate.
Multiple hearth furnace is the vertical round tube type stove with multilayer burner hearth, its inner lining refractory block, and 8 ~ 12 layers from bottom to top, every one deck all has steel plate to build refractory brick, is equipped with rake teeth above every layer, by the central shaft driven rotary.Raw material is packed into by the upper strata, concentrates to the center by stirring by periphery, and therefrom the mind-set periphery successively moves down dispersedly again, discharges from the lowest layer after drying, the roasting.This furnace type structure is complicated, and initial outlay is large, maturing temperature and atmosphere can not be controlled preferably, and failure rate of machinery is high, and rake teeth is because the low melting point resultant is easily cohered, buildup.
Flat kiln yields poorly (about 0.1 ton/square metre hour), and labor strength is large, and flue dust overflows, severe operational environment, vanadic acid sodium low conversion rate about 50%.
Obviously, existing sodium oxide baking equipment have that initial outlay is large, maturing temperature and atmosphere can not be controlled preferably and cause kiln body ring formation or rake teeth to cohere the defective of buildup because material coheres.
Summary of the invention
The present invention for solve prior art sodium oxide baking equipment exist initial outlay large, yield poorly, low conversion rate, maturing temperature and atmosphere can not be controlled preferably and cause kiln body ring formation or rake teeth to cohere the technical problem of the defective of buildup because material coheres, a kind of sodium oxide by using shaft furnace roasting method and device are provided.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is a kind of sodium oxide by using shaft furnace roasting method of design, the rotary feeder of material through being positioned at furnace wall brick masonary top feeds into towards the Drying Bed that has a down dip after comprising the following steps: pelletizing, enter after the drying bed drying by the furnace wall brick masonary and enclose in the vertical furnace chamber that forms, material is in furnace chamber in the folding process, first with entering the combustion gases of furnace chamber and finish sodium oxide baking by the gas mixture effect that the secondary air that comes from the furnace chamber bottom consists of by combustion chambers burn generation and the bocca through being arranged in furnace wall brick masonary middle part, the material after the roasting is finished in the cooling air cooling that produces via the gas blower that is positioned at furnace wall brick masonary below again, discharge finally by the dumping device that is positioned at furnace wall brick masonary below, described secondary air is the formed heat exchange hot blast of material after roasting is finished in the cooling air cooling.
Described finish waste gas after the oxidation sodium through being connected with furnace wall brick masonary top smoke collection cover and be located at the smoke discharging pipe discharge at smoke collection cover top.
Described sodium oxide by using shaft furnace roasting method also is included in described furnace wall brick masonary central authorities the water conservancy diversion partition wall that described furnace wall brick masonary is divided into two is set, described furnace chamber is divided into two by described water conservancy diversion partition wall, described rotary feeder be located at described water conservancy diversion partition wall directly over, described Drying Bed comprises two, and is symmetrical arranged centered by described water conservancy diversion partition wall.
Described sodium oxide by using shaft furnace roasting method also is included in water conservancy diversion partition wall lower end the grate plate that is connected and tilts to the described dumping device of connection with described water conservancy diversion partition wall lower end down is set, described gas blower is positioned at described grate plate below, be provided with intake opening on the described grate plate, the cooling air that gas blower produces enters furnace chamber through intake opening.
The present invention also provides a kind of sodium oxide by using shaft furnace calciner, and described sodium oxide by using shaft furnace calciner comprises:
The furnace wall brick masonary that vertically arranges;
Enclosed the furnace chamber that forms and vertically arrange by the furnace wall brick masonary;
Be positioned at the rotary feeder that furnace wall brick masonary top is used for charging;
Be connected with described rotary feeder and towards having a down dip so that material enters the Drying Bed of furnace chamber;
Be located at the combustion chamber in the furnace wall brick masonary outside, described combustion chamber is provided with to be positioned at and communicates in the middle part of the furnace wall brick masonary and with described furnace chamber so that the combustion gases that combustion chambers burn produces enter the bocca of furnace chamber;
Be arranged in furnace wall brick masonary bottom center to produce cooling air in the gas blower of furnace chamber;
Be positioned at furnace wall brick masonary below and be used for discharging the dumping device of finishing oxidation sodium and cooled material.
Described sodium oxide by using shaft furnace calciner also comprises the water conservancy diversion partition wall that is arranged on described furnace wall brick masonary central authorities and described furnace wall brick masonary is divided into two, described furnace chamber is divided into two by described water conservancy diversion partition wall, described rotary feeder be located at described water conservancy diversion partition wall directly over, described Drying Bed comprises two, and is symmetrical arranged centered by described water conservancy diversion partition wall.
Described sodium oxide by using shaft furnace calciner also comprises the grate plate that is connected and tilts to the described dumping device of connection with described water conservancy diversion partition wall lower end down, and described gas blower is positioned at described grate plate below, is provided with intake opening on the described grate plate.
Described sodium oxide by using shaft furnace calciner also comprises the smoke collection cover that is connected with furnace wall brick masonary top and is located at the smoke discharging pipe at smoke collection cover top.
The cross section of described furnace wall brick masonary and furnace chamber is all rectangular, and the size of described furnace chamber cross section is successively from top to bottom convergent, constant, flaring and convergent along short transverse and changes.
The arranged outside of described combustion chamber has at least two coal gas burners.
The present invention is by feeding into the rotary feeder of material after the pelletizing through being positioned at furnace wall brick masonary top towards the Drying Bed that has a down dip, enter after the drying bed drying through the furnace wall brick masonary and enclose in the vertical furnace chamber that forms, material is in furnace chamber in the folding process, first with entering the combustion gases of furnace chamber and finish sodium oxide baking by the gas mixture effect that the secondary air that comes from the furnace chamber bottom consists of by combustion chambers burn generation and the bocca through being arranged in furnace wall brick masonary middle part, the material after the roasting is finished in the cooling air cooling that produces via the gas blower that is positioned at furnace wall brick masonary below again, described secondary air is the formed wind of material after roasting is finished in the cooling air cooling, discharges finally by the dumping device that is positioned at furnace wall brick masonary below.So that the sodium oxide baking device is simple in structure, can dwindle initial outlay, simultaneously, can control preferably maturing temperature and atmosphere again, having overcome because material coheres has caused kiln body ring formation or rake teeth to cohere the drawbacks such as buildup, so that the adaptability of device is very strong, have simultaneously higher output and higher vanadium transformation efficiency.
Description of drawings
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the structure principle chart of sodium oxide by using shaft furnace calciner of the present invention.
Embodiment
See also Fig. 1.Sodium oxide by using shaft furnace calciner of the present invention comprises: furnace wall brick masonary 1, furnace chamber 2, rotary feeder 3, Drying Bed 4, combustion chamber 5, gas blower 6, grate plate 7, dumping device 8 and smoke collection cover 9.Wherein:
Furnace wall brick masonary 1 vertically arranges.In this specific embodiment, the cross section of the strong brick masonary of stove is rectangular.Furnace chamber 2 is enclosed by the furnace wall brick masonary and forms and vertically arrange.In this specific embodiment, the cross section of furnace chamber is also rectangular, and the size of furnace chamber cross section is successively from top to bottom convergent, constant, flaring and convergent along short transverse and changes.The central authorities of furnace wall brick masonary 1 are provided with the water conservancy diversion partition wall 11 that described furnace wall brick masonary is divided into two.Furnace chamber 2 is divided into two by described water conservancy diversion partition wall.
The furnace wall brick masonary outside is located in combustion chamber 5, and described combustion chamber is provided with to be positioned at and communicates in the middle part of the furnace wall brick masonary and with described furnace chamber so that the combustion gases that combustion chambers burn produces enter the bocca 51 of furnace chamber.The arranged outside of combustion chamber 5 has coal gas burner 52.In this specific embodiment, coal gas burner 52 has a plurality of, has namely adopted many nozzle structures, so that the flow of combustion gases is adjustable.
Sodium oxide by using shaft furnace roasting method of the present invention is: the rotary feeder of the material after the pelletizing through being positioned at furnace wall brick masonary top feeds into towards the Drying Bed that has a down dip, under the effect of material self gravitation, enter by the furnace wall brick masonary after the drying bed drying and enclose in the vertical furnace chamber that forms, material is in furnace chamber in the folding process, first with entering the combustion gases of furnace chamber and finish sodium oxide baking by the gas mixture effect that the secondary air that comes from the furnace chamber bottom consists of by combustion chambers burn generation and the bocca through being arranged in furnace wall brick masonary middle part, the material after the roasting is finished in the cooling air cooling that produces via the gas blower that is positioned at furnace wall brick masonary below again, described secondary air is the formed heat exchange hot blast of material after roasting is finished in the cooling air cooling, discharge finally by the dumping device that is positioned at furnace wall brick masonary below, finish waste gas after the oxidation sodium through being connected with furnace wall brick masonary top smoke collection cover and be located at the smoke discharging pipe discharge at smoke collection cover top.
Described sodium oxide by using shaft furnace roasting method also is included in described furnace wall brick masonary central authorities the water conservancy diversion partition wall that described furnace wall brick masonary is divided into two is set, and described furnace chamber is divided into two by described water conservancy diversion partition wall.
Described sodium oxide by using shaft furnace roasting method also is included in water conservancy diversion partition wall lower end the grate plate that is connected and tilts to the described dumping device of connection with described water conservancy diversion partition wall lower end down is set, described gas blower is positioned at described grate plate below, be provided with intake opening on the described grate plate, the cooling air that gas blower produces enters furnace chamber through intake opening.
The cross section of described furnace wall brick masonary and furnace chamber is all rectangular, and the size of described furnace chamber cross section is successively from top to bottom convergent, constant, flaring and convergent along short transverse and changes.
The below describes the present invention in detail as an example of the process for extracting vanadium flow process example.At first the vanadium titano-magnetite after the pelletizing or Rock coal containing alum pelletizing warp are passed through the rotary feeder feed, again via entering into furnace chamber after the Drying Bed drying.In the process that vanadium titano-magnetite or Rock coal containing alum pelletizing slowly move down in furnace chamber, with the combustion gases that come from the combustion chamber, and the gas mixture that consists of with the warm air (being secondary air) that comes from the furnace chamber bottom carries out thermal exchange, and then finish sodium oxide baking, so that the vanadium of various valence states is converted into pentavalent vanadium soluble in water in the vanadium titano-magnetite.From blasting in the V-ti Bearing Magnetite Pellets bed of material along oblique below in the combustion gases of the certain temperature (800 ~ 1200 ℃) of the combustion chamber bocca by the furnace chamber both sides.The V-ti Bearing Magnetite Pellets of finishing calcination slowly moves down again, and the cooling air cooling that is blasted by the bottom is by being discharged by dumping device.The temperature of described gas mixture is 800 ~ 1200 ℃, and the ratio of the volumetric flow rate under combustion gases and the secondary weathercock condition is about 3 ~ 5:1.Gas blower produces cooling air by this air-distributing device of grate plate, evenly be blown in vanadium titano-magnetite or the Rock coal containing alum pelletizing bed of material, cool off entering the material of finishing behind the sodium oxide baking furnace chamber bottom, carry out thermal exchange with the vanadium titano-magnetite of finishing calcination that moves down or Rock coal containing alum pelletizing.The warm air with certain temperature of finishing after the heat exchange namely consists of described secondary air, mix with the combustion gases that come from the combustion chamber as replenishing of roasting band oxygen, so that V-ti Bearing Magnetite Pellets reacts at certain oxygen concn (volume fraction is 3% ~ 5%) and the lower sodium oxide baking of realizing of temperature (800 ~ 1200 ℃).And the waste gas of finishing at last behind the sodium oxide baking is discharged from smoke discharging pipe after smoke collection cover is collected.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1, initial outlay is less.Acid pellet shaft furnace in the reference ironmaking field and the comparative analysis of agglomerate rotary kiln initial outlay, under the identical industrial scale prerequisite, the initial outlay of shaft furnace only is 50% ~ 70% of rotary kiln initial outlay.
2, maturing temperature and atmosphere can well be controlled.The temperature of combustion gases (800 ~ 1200 ℃) and atmosphere (volume fraction 3% ~ 5% of oxygen), recently being controlled of volume fraction that on the one hand can be by combustion air in the combustion chamber and fuel, on the other hand, the flow by the control secondary air carries out subcontrol.The Volume fraction of combustion air and fuel will be that the net calorific value of based on fuel is determined by the kind of fuel.
3, compare with rotary kiln or multiple hearth furnace, the pelletizing that employing has some strength carries out roasting, temperature and atmosphere control are better, just to a certain degree avoided in the rotary kiln material ring formation or multiple hearth furnace inner tine for harrow material to cohere the drawbacks such as buildup from root, simultaneously so that calciner is very strong to the adaptability of furnace charge, the roasting of vanadium titano-magnetite can be adapted to, the production of Rock coal containing alum can be adapted to again.
4, the setting of water conservancy diversion partition wall so that the burning gas physical efficiency contacts fully with the pelletizing bed of material, has been avoided the generation of the middle dead stock column of furnace chamber.
5, the setting of Drying Bed is able to drying so that treat the pelletizing of roasting, has strengthened follow-up roasting effect.
6, because material is finished reaction in the folding process in furnace chamber, gas-solid contact is abundant, and maturing temperature and atmosphere are controlled, so that calciner has higher vanadium transformation efficiency, can reach more than 85%, output can be brought up to 1.5 tons/square metre hours to 2.0 tons/square metre hours.
7, good operational environment, the waste gas that roasting produces can focus on.
The method that sodium oxide by using shaft furnace roasting method of the present invention adopts is reasonable, and efficient, equipment is succinctly easy to operate, relatively is beneficial in the process for extracting vanadium flow process sodium oxide baking technical field and applies.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limiting the present invention, all any modifications of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, is equal to and replaces and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. sodium oxide by using shaft furnace roasting method, the rotary feeder of material through being positioned at furnace wall brick masonary top feeds into the Drying Bed that two courts have a down dip after it is characterized in that comprising the following steps: pelletizing, enter respectively after the drying bed drying by furnace wall brick masonary and water conservancy diversion partition wall and enclose in two the vertical furnace chambers that form, material is in furnace chamber in the folding process, first with entering the combustion gases of furnace chamber and finish sodium oxide baking by the gas mixture effect that the secondary air that comes from the furnace chamber bottom consists of by combustion chambers burn generation and the bocca through being arranged in furnace wall brick masonary middle part, the material after the roasting is finished in the cooling air cooling that produces via the gas blower that is positioned at furnace wall brick masonary below again, discharge finally by the dumping device that is positioned at furnace wall brick masonary below, described secondary air is the formed heat exchange hot blast of material after roasting is finished in the cooling air cooling; Described water conservancy diversion partition wall lower end is connected with and tilts to the grate plate that connects described dumping device down, and described gas blower is positioned at described grate plate below, is provided with intake opening on the described grate plate, and the cooling air that gas blower produces enters furnace chamber through intake opening.
2. sodium oxide by using shaft furnace roasting method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described finish waste gas after the oxidation sodium through being connected with furnace wall brick masonary top smoke collection cover and be located at the smoke discharging pipe discharge at smoke collection cover top.
3. sodium oxide by using shaft furnace calciner comprises:
The furnace wall brick masonary that vertically arranges;
Enclosed the furnace chamber that forms and vertically arrange by the furnace wall brick masonary;
Be positioned at the rotary feeder that furnace wall brick masonary top is used for charging;
Be connected with described rotary feeder and towards having a down dip so that material enters the Drying Bed of furnace chamber;
Be located at the combustion chamber in the furnace wall brick masonary outside, described combustion chamber is provided with to be positioned at and communicates in the middle part of the furnace wall brick masonary and with described furnace chamber so that the combustion gases that combustion chambers burn produces enter the bocca of furnace chamber;
Be arranged in furnace wall brick masonary bottom center to produce cooling air in the gas blower of furnace chamber;
Be positioned at furnace wall brick masonary below and be used for discharging the dumping device of finishing oxidation sodium and cooled material;
Characterized by further comprising:
The water conservancy diversion partition wall that is arranged on described furnace wall brick masonary central authorities and described furnace wall brick masonary is divided into two, described furnace chamber is divided into two by described water conservancy diversion partition wall, described rotary feeder be located at described water conservancy diversion partition wall directly over, described Drying Bed comprises two, and is symmetrical arranged centered by described water conservancy diversion partition wall;
Be connected with described water conservancy diversion partition wall lower end and towards the grate plate that has a down dip and is connected with described dumping device, described gas blower is positioned at below the described grate plate, is provided with intake opening on the described grate plate;
The cross section of described furnace wall brick masonary and furnace chamber is all rectangular, and the size of described furnace chamber cross section is successively from top to bottom convergent, constant, flaring and convergent along short transverse and changes.
4. sodium oxide by using shaft furnace calciner according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described sodium oxide by using shaft furnace calciner also comprises the smoke collection cover that is connected with furnace wall brick masonary top and is located at the smoke discharging pipe at smoke collection cover top.
5. sodium oxide by using shaft furnace calciner according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the arranged outside of described combustion chamber has at least two coal gas burners.
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CN 201110371297 CN102409162B (en) | 2011-11-21 | 2011-11-21 | Method and device for roasting sodium oxide by using shaft furnace |
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CN 201110371297 CN102409162B (en) | 2011-11-21 | 2011-11-21 | Method and device for roasting sodium oxide by using shaft furnace |
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CN102409162A CN102409162A (en) | 2012-04-11 |
CN102409162B true CN102409162B (en) | 2013-05-29 |
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CN202347064U (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2012-07-25 | 深圳市盛鑫源环保科技技术有限公司 | Shaft furnace type oxidization and sodium treatment roasting device |
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