CN102408410B - Method for extracting 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) tetrahydropyrrole - Google Patents
Method for extracting 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) tetrahydropyrrole Download PDFInfo
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- CN102408410B CN102408410B CN201110325474XA CN201110325474A CN102408410B CN 102408410 B CN102408410 B CN 102408410B CN 201110325474X A CN201110325474X A CN 201110325474XA CN 201110325474 A CN201110325474 A CN 201110325474A CN 102408410 B CN102408410 B CN 102408410B
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- pyridyl
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- pyrrolidine
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for extracting 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) tetrahydropyrrole, which comprises the following steps of: grinding tobacco biomass, pyrolyzing and collecting condensed liquid of the biomass pyrolysis oil gas; standing the condensed liquid to obtain 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) tetrahydropyrrole mother solution in the middle layer; alkalizing the mother solution, and adding organic solvent with high distribution coefficient for extraction; evaporating the extraction solution to remove the organic solvent to obtain first crude extract; dissolving out the 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) tetrahydropyrrole from the first crude extract by low-polarity organic solvent at 20-80 degrees centigrade; removing the solvent in the substance dissolved out to obtain second crude extract; and decompressing and distilling the crude extract, and collecting distillate of 160-170 degrees centigrade under 4.0-6.5kPa to obtain 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) tetrahydropyrrole pure product. The invention realizes the aim of comprehensive utilization of integrated tobacco biomass by pyrolyzing byproducts of biomass carbon and wood tar.
Description
Technical field
The present invention discloses the extracting method of a kind of 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine.
Background technology
In prior art, 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine claims again nicotine, and the method for extracting 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine from tobacco biomass has following several.
Method one: as Chinese patent application 200810233718.X, soak inferior tobacco with diluted acid, obtain mother liquor, by after the extracting solution alkalization, by the method for organic solvent extraction or steam distillation, 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine is extracted from mother liquor.Product is 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine or sulfuric acid 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine.In this method, 1-methyl-the 2-of liquid mixture (3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine concentration is low, cause the sewage of production unit 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine many, water consumption and energy consumption high, remain waste residue after a large amount of extractions, cause noxious waste pollution.
Method two: as Chinese patent application 90107608.2 and 200310109922.8, be destructive distillation after mixing with offal with caustic soda, preparation 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine mother liquor.The shortcoming of this method is to use caustic soda, increased the corrosion to retort, and the charcoal of gained is difficult to direct utilization because containing a large amount of caustic soda, causes secondary pollution.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the extracting method of a kind of 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine, by slow pyrolysis, by-product biomass charcoal, wood tar oil, biological flue gas, reach the purpose that tobacco biomass fully utilizes.
In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, solution of the present invention is:
The extracting method of a kind of 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine, the steps include:
The first step, the preparation of mother liquor: tobacco biomass is placed in the pyrolysis still and carries out slow pyrolysis after pulverizing, and the biomass pyrolytic oil gas that pyrolysis produces, by the direct condensation of prolong, is collected phlegma; Be divided into three layers after phlegma is standing, middle level is that the aqueous phase liquid mixture is 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine mother liquor;
Second step, the alkalization of mother liquor and extraction: in 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine mother liquor, add alkaline medicine or reagent to alkalize to more than pH10; Mother liquor after alkalization adds the organic solvent extraction of high partition ratio; Steam except the organic solvent in extraction liquid, remaining concentrated solution is crude extract one;
The 3rd step, product stripping: at 20-80 ℃ of temperature, use the organic solvent of low polarity by the stripping from crude extract one of 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine; After the steaming of solvent in this 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine leachable is removed, obtain crude extract two;
The 4th step, underpressure distillation: crude extract two is carried out to underpressure distillation, collect 160-170 ℃ of cut under 4.0-6.5kPa, obtain 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine sterling.
In the described the first step, biomass slow pyrolysis temperature is 450 ℃-550 ℃.
In the described the first step, after prolong produces without pyrolysis smoke, stop pyrolysis.
In the described the first step, upper strata and lower black are that the oil phase liquid mixture is the byproduct wood tar oil.
In the described the first step, after pyrolysis, remaining solid is the by product biomass charcoal, and uncondensable tail gas is for combustion heat supplying or generating.
In described second step, alkaline medicine refers to the medicine that to take containing a kind of, two or more mixture in alkali, basic oxide or the strong base-weak acid salt (as carbonate, acetate etc.) of Ca, K, the elements such as Na, Ba be effective constituent.
In described second step, reagent refers to solution, colloid or the turbid liquid that to take containing a kind of, two or more mixture in alkali, basic oxide or the strong base-weak acid salt (as carbonate, acetate etc.) of Ca, K, the elements such as Na, Ba be effective constituent.
In described second step, the organic solvent of high-nicotine partition ratio, refer under 25 ℃, after distributing fully, 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine concentration ratio in this organic solvent and water is more than or equal to 4 organic solvent, and this organic solvent refers to that take the lists such as chloroform, methylene dichloride, trieline, benzene, tetracol phenixin, ethyl acetate, butylacetate, ether plants solvents, reagent that wherein two or more mixed solvent is effective constituent.
In described the 3rd step, the organic solvent of low polarity refers to take containing 5 to 8 carbon atoms but does not comprise that single in the alkane of aromatic hydrocarbon plants the solvent that solvent, two or more mixed solvent are effective constituent, as normal hexane, hexanaphthene, sherwood oil etc.
After adopting such scheme, advantage of the present invention is:
One, the present invention is actually a kind of method of comprehensive utilization of tobacco biomass, when extracting 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine, by the Discarded Tobacco Wood Adhesives from Biomass, be wood tar oil, biological carbon, biological flue gas etc., realize the whole recyclings of tobacco biomass, do not produce any waste, this is overall advantage of the present invention;
Two, contrast diluted acid extraction process, the present invention is simple to operation, and can significantly improve 1-methyl-2-in crude extract (3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine concentration, and there is no the discharge of waste water at whole production link;
Three, the organic solvent extraction by high partition ratio-low polar organic solvent purifying, reduced widely the consumption of organic solvent in the production link, simultaneously, 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine has been carried out to preliminary purification and concentrated, by underpressure distillation, avoid the decomposition of 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine, obtain 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine sterling.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is process flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, concrete scheme of the present invention is:
One, the preparation of 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine mother liquor:
Tobacco biomass is placed in the pyrolysis still and carries out the biomass slow pyrolysis after pulverizing, and pyrolysis temperature is 450 ℃-550 ℃, and the biomass pyrolytic oil gas that pyrolysis produces, by after condensing tube condensation, is collected phlegma.After prolong produces without pyrolysis smoke, stop pyrolysis.Be divided into three layers after phlegma is standing: middle level is aqueous mixture one (being 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine mother liquor); Upper strata and lower floor are black oil phase liquid, and this oil phase is the byproduct wood tar oil.After pyrolysis, remaining solid is biomass charcoal, and uncondensable tail gas is for combustion heat supplying or generating.Present method can realize the comprehensive utilization of tobacco biomass, and, by the control of temperature, make 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine effectively volatilize and avoid a large amount of decomposition, simultaneously, by indirect condensing, improve 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine content in phlegma.
Two, the extraction of 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine
The alkalization of nicotine mother liquor and extraction: in the nicotine mother liquor, add alkaline medicine or reagent to alkalize to more than pH10.The medicine used that alkalizes refers to alkaline medicine or the reagent that to take containing a kind of, two or more mixture in alkali, basic oxide or the strong base-weak acid salt (as carbonate, acetate etc.) of Ca, K, the elements such as Na, Ba be effective constituent.Reagent used refers to solution, colloid or the turbid liquid that to take containing a kind of, two or more mixture in alkali, basic oxide or the strong base-weak acid salt (as carbonate, acetate etc.) of Ca, K, the elements such as Na, Ba be effective constituent.Mother liquor after alkalization adds the organic solvent extraction of high partition ratio.The organic solvent of the high partition ratio that present method is mentioned, refer under 25 ℃, after distributing fully, 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine concentration ratio in this organic solvent and water is more than or equal to 4 organic solvent), this organic solvent refers to that take the lists such as chloroform, methylene dichloride, trieline, benzene, tetracol phenixin, ethyl acetate, butylacetate, ether plants solvents, reagent that wherein two or more mixed solvent is effective constituent.After having extracted, getting organic phase is extraction liquid, steams except the organic solvent in extraction liquid, and remaining concentrated solution is 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine crude extract one.Use the organic solvent of high partition ratio, can reduce the percentage extraction that improves target product as far as possible, reduce consumption of organic solvent.
Product coarse is carried: at a certain temperature, use the organic solvent of low polarity by the stripping from crude extract one of 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine.Should low polar organic solvent refer to take and plant containing single in 5 alkane to 8 carbon atoms (but not comprising aromatic hydrocarbon) solvent that solvent, two or more mixed solvent are effective constituent, as normal hexane, hexanaphthene, sherwood oil etc.After the steaming of solvent in this 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine leachable is removed, obtain crude extract two.By the stripping of polar solvent, 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine of can effectively purifying, avoid the introducing of impurity.
Product is concise: crude extract two is carried out to underpressure distillation, collect 160-170 ℃ of cut under 4.0-6.5kPa, obtain 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine sterling.
Difference between the present invention and prior art on function and structure:
One, and the difference between 90107608.2 be: a, hot processing temperature scope of the present invention are different, and hot-work of the present invention (being pyrolysis) temperature is 450-550 ℃, and 90107608.2 is 260-270 ℃.Do not add caustic soda in b, pyrolytic process of the present invention; 90107608.2 technique adds caustic soda c, the present invention to provide the method for extracting 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine from liquid mixture one.D, raw material are different, and the present invention is applicable to all biological tobacco raw materials.
Two, and the difference between 200310109922.8 be: a, the present invention take the technique of prolong indirect condensing, rather than absorb the composition in steam by another external adding water.The invention has the advantages that, directly in liquid mixture that condensation obtains one and liquid mixture two, 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine concentration is higher.The condensed fluid that b, the present invention obtain obtains the liquid mixture one of water-based and the liquid mixture two of oiliness through separating, and 1-methyl-2-in the present invention (3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine extracts from the liquid mixture one of water-based, and 200310109922.8 techniques obtain, it is oily liquids, all subsequent operationss all should be based upon on oily liquid, and the liquid proterties of carrying in two kinds of methods is different.C, hot processing temperature are different, 450-550 ℃ of the present invention, and 200310109922.8 techniques are 900-1000 ℃.D, raw material are different; The present invention is applicable to any biological tobacco raw material, comprise tobacco stem, and 200310109922.8 techniques is only protected tobacco stem.
Three and 200810233718.X between but be not: what a, the present invention obtained is biomass charcoal, 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine; And the finished product that 200810233718.X technique obtains is refining charcoal, salt of wormwood; B, the present invention separate from the phlegma obtained liquid mixture one and the oily liquid mixture two that obtains water-based, and 200810233718.X technique is not carried out separating treatment; C the present invention proposes the brand-new technique of extracting 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine from the nicotine mother liquor.In d, the present invention, the combustible gas produced after condensation (being uncondensable gas) return combustion heat supply, be not used as to purify and store him; And 200810233718.X technique needs alkali cleaning, pressurization etc.; E, the heat treated temperature control of the present invention have difference with 200810233718.X, the present invention does not carry out segmentation control to pyrolysis temperature, heat-treatment temperature range is 450-550 ℃, and 200810233718.X technique is carried out the control of segmentation temperature: below 150 ℃, and the drying temperature section; 400-450 ℃ of temperature section; 550-600 ℃ of carbonization, gasification.Temperature process difference in both operations, and temperature is particularly important for thermal treatment process.F, both raw material differences, the present invention is applicable to any biological tobacco raw material.200810233718.X only for offal.
Four, extracting 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) the different of Pyrrolidine Patents from other from waste tobacco leaf is: the nicotine mother liquor different in kind that a, the liquid mixture one the present invention is directed to and other extractions are obtained as diluted acid lixiviate, organic solvent extracting etc., composition and the content difference of the liquid that sets out extracted, so, should assert it is the extraction process containing the exploitation of 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine mixed solution for difference; B, the present invention propose the brand-new combined method of the solvent extraction of alkalization-high partition ratio-low polar solvent stripping-underpressure distillation first, obtain 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine sterling.C, raw material difference; The present invention is applicable to any biological tobacco raw material; And other technique is mainly used in extraction 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine in tobacco leaf.
Claims (7)
1. the extracting method of a 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine is characterized in that step is:
The first step, the preparation of mother liquor: tobacco biomass is placed in the pyrolysis still and carries out pyrolysis after pulverizing, and pyrolysis temperature is 450 ℃-550 ℃, and the biomass pyrolytic oil gas that pyrolysis produces, by the direct condensation of prolong, is collected phlegma; Be divided into three layers after phlegma is standing, middle level is that the aqueous phase liquid mixture is 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine mother liquor;
Second step, the alkalization of mother liquor and extraction: in 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine mother liquor, add alkaline medicine or reagent to alkalize to more than pH10; Mother liquor after alkalization adds the organic solvent extraction of high partition ratio; Steam except the organic solvent in extraction liquid, remaining concentrated solution is crude extract one;
The 3rd step, product stripping: at 20-80 ℃ of temperature, use the organic solvent of low polarity by the stripping from crude extract one of 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine; After the steaming of solvent in this 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine leachable is removed, crude extract two, the organic solvent of described low polarity refers to take containing 5 to 8 carbon atoms but does not comprise that single in the alkane of aromatic hydrocarbon plants the solvent that solvent or two or more mixed solvents are effective constituent;
The 4th step, underpressure distillation: crude extract two is carried out to underpressure distillation, collect 160-170 ℃ of cut under 4.0-6.5kPa, obtain 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine sterling.
2. the extracting method of a kind of 1-methyl-2-as claimed in claim 1 (3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine, is characterized in that: in the first step, after prolong produces without pyrolysis smoke, stop pyrolysis.
3. the extracting method of a kind of 1-methyl-2-as claimed in claim 1 (3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine, it is characterized in that: in the first step, upper strata and lower black are that the oil phase liquid mixture is the byproduct wood tar oil.
4. the extracting method of a kind of 1-methyl-2-as claimed in claim 1 (3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine, it is characterized in that: in the first step, after pyrolysis, remaining solid is the by product biomass charcoal, uncondensable tail gas is for combustion heat supplying or generating.
5. the extracting method of a kind of 1-methyl-2-as claimed in claim 1 (3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine, it is characterized in that: in second step, alkaline medicine refers to the medicine that to take containing one or more the mixture in alkali, basic oxide or the strong base-weak acid salt of Ca, K, Na, Ba element be effective constituent.
6. the extracting method of a kind of 1-methyl-2-as claimed in claim 1 (3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine, it is characterized in that: in second step, reagent refers to solution, colloid or the turbid liquid that to take containing one or more the mixture in alkali, basic oxide or the strong base-weak acid salt of Ca, K, Na, Ba element be effective constituent.
7. the extracting method of a kind of 1-methyl-2-as claimed in claim 1 (3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine, it is characterized in that: in second step, the organic solvent of high partition ratio, refer under 25 ℃, after distributing fully, 1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl) Pyrrolidine concentration ratio in this organic solvent and water is more than or equal to 4 organic solvent, and this organic solvent refers to take chloroform, methylene dichloride, trieline, benzene, tetracol phenixin, ethyl acetate, butylacetate, ether list kind solvent, reagent that wherein two or more mixed solvent is effective constituent.
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Citations (4)
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| CN1050540A (en) * | 1990-09-06 | 1991-04-10 | 冯世型 | From tobacco, produce the technology of nicotine goods with dry distillation |
| CN1335315A (en) * | 2000-07-20 | 2002-02-13 | 李森兰 | Nicotine extracting process from tobacco |
| CN1609104A (en) * | 2003-10-17 | 2005-04-27 | 李殿福 | Dry distillation process of extracting nicotine from tobacco stem |
| CN101439867A (en) * | 2008-12-17 | 2009-05-27 | 云南云叶化肥股份有限公司 | Method for extracting potassium carbonate from cabo and refining carbon |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009019514A2 (en) * | 2007-08-03 | 2009-02-12 | British American Tobacco (Investments) Limited | Methods for modifying plant matter |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1050540A (en) * | 1990-09-06 | 1991-04-10 | 冯世型 | From tobacco, produce the technology of nicotine goods with dry distillation |
| CN1335315A (en) * | 2000-07-20 | 2002-02-13 | 李森兰 | Nicotine extracting process from tobacco |
| CN1609104A (en) * | 2003-10-17 | 2005-04-27 | 李殿福 | Dry distillation process of extracting nicotine from tobacco stem |
| CN101439867A (en) * | 2008-12-17 | 2009-05-27 | 云南云叶化肥股份有限公司 | Method for extracting potassium carbonate from cabo and refining carbon |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
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| "废弃烟叶中烟碱与茄尼醇的提取与纯化";胡海潮等;《福州大学学报(自然科学版)》;20080430;第36卷(第2期);第308-312页 * |
| "高纯度季烟碱的制备";储志兵等;《应用化工》;20070131;第36卷(第1期);第102-104页 * |
| 储志兵等."高纯度季烟碱的制备".《应用化工》.2007,第36卷(第1期),第102-104页. |
| 胡海潮等."废弃烟叶中烟碱与茄尼醇的提取与纯化".《福州大学学报(自然科学版)》.2008,第36卷(第2期),第308-312页. |
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