CN102407296A - Pouring stream protection method and protection device - Google Patents
Pouring stream protection method and protection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102407296A CN102407296A CN2010102907693A CN201010290769A CN102407296A CN 102407296 A CN102407296 A CN 102407296A CN 2010102907693 A CN2010102907693 A CN 2010102907693A CN 201010290769 A CN201010290769 A CN 201010290769A CN 102407296 A CN102407296 A CN 102407296A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pouring stream protection method comprising the following steps of: placing a plug ball in a pouring gate of a pouring system, enabling the pouring gate not to be communicated with the outside air, inserting a spile passing through the plug ball into the pouring gate, and blowing argon into the pouring system in advance at the pressure of 0.3-0.5Mp for 3-5min before beginning to pour metal liquid; stopping blowing pure argon in advance within 1-2min before beginning to pour the metal liquid, drawing out the spile, fully shielding pouring stream by using a shielding device, and forming a positive pressure environment surrounding a pouring stream, then beginning to pour, blowing the argon into the pouring system by adopting an argon blowing device all the time from pouring beginning to pouring ending, and controlling the flow of the argon within the range of 20-30Nm<3>/h. Correspondingly, the invention also provides a protection device used in the pouring stream protection method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of production method and device of iron and steel metallurgical industry casting of molten metal, relate in particular to a kind of method and corresponding protection device of beam being protected cast.
Background technology
In the process of iron and steel and alloy manufacturing; Raw metal often passes through the processing of operations such as batching, the first refining of electric furnace, ladle refining, vacuum outgas earlier; Again temperature and composition are put in place at last, and the liquid metal that reaches certain degree of purity level is injected in another container by a container.Generally, liquid metal is injected into ingot mould or other containers (such as tundish) through ladle.The operation of this injection liquid metal is called as cast, and liquid metal stream is called as beam in the process.
Generally, liquid metal is not directly to inject ingot mould, but the pipeline of elder generation through being built by laying bricks or stones by refractory material gets into ingot mould again.As shown in Figure 1, after beam was flowed out by the slide gate mechanism of ladle 13, through running channel 4, the rise hole by ingot mould 2 bottoms got into ingot mould 2 at last, and this moment, the fluidised form of similar " fountain " appearred in liquid metal, Here it is so-called emerging.The metal flow of emerging will be hung after the covering slag paper bag scaling loss of certain distance above ingot mould 2 bottoms, and powdery or granular cast steel slag fall to spreading on the metal bath surface that rises gradually naturally, and form liquid slag layer, sinter layer, slag layer three-decker.The molten metal of ingot mould 2 is if the riser speed controlling is suitable, and then the three-decker of covering slag itself will improve good protective action for metal bath surface.When liquid metal rises to heat and emits part, suitably reduce the mouth of a river flow of ladle, the riser speed of control molten metal is shunk with the liquid state that remedies molten metal.At last along with the cooling of molten metal, solidify the ingot casting that obtains dense structure, and circulate to later process and further process.This is for the conventional method of rising pouring metal.
In above-mentioned rising pouring liquid metal process; The ladle inner metal liquid has the highest pressure head in the Δ t time of cast beginning; Therefore running gate system inner metal liquid flow velocity maximum, and each pipeline can not be full of by instantaneous, and molten metal demonstrates disorderly fluidised form in running gate system.And running gate system is connected with whole atmospheric environment, the molten metal of so disorderly fluidised form directly with running gate system in oxygen in the gas phase contact formation oxide film and is involved in molten metal formation secondary oxidation product.Airborne nitrogen, hydrogen directly are involved in molten metal and form air-breathing simultaneously.Therefore opening and watering the initial stage of emerging is the stage least stable with dangerous in the casting process.The molten metal of waiting to emerge forms stable rising liquid level and is covered by covering slag intactly in ingot mould; This moment, each pipeline was full of by molten metal fully; The beam that falls from water gap of steel teeming ladle forms the mixed district that dashes in the vertical running channel of running gate system; The molten metal that breaks directly is exposed to the gaseous environment of liquid level top, and forms secondary oxidation product (oxide film) and inspiratory phenomenon takes place.The product particle of these secondary oxidations is generally speaking much bigger than the deoxidation products size in smelting, and its quantity is also more than deoxidation products.This is because extremely limited through oxygen content in the molten steel of refining degassing processing; And the deoxygenation in the smelting process can only form more tiny deoxidation products particle; And quantity also is restricted, and in the casting process from atmospheric environment the oxygen in the molten steel be endlessly.These oxidation products are difficult to abundant come-up in the time of short cast simultaneously, and wherein a part is caught by the column crystal of growth gradually with will being difficult to avoid, and the final macroscopical oxide inclusion that forms influences the various performances of steel.Hydrogen in the gas that is inhaled into, nitrogen also can worsen the quality of steel ingot and and reduce the cleanliness factor of steel.
For the secondary oxidation and the air-breathing problem that solve casting process, present technology has following several kinds usually:
1. the endless tube or the ventilative refractory material of porous are set around the mouth of a river of ladle; And feed inert gas in the protection of stream circumference formation air curtain; Like publication number is CN2717576; Open day is on August 17th, 2005, and name is called the disclosed mould of Chinese patent document of " mould notes argon protective device " and annotates argon protective device;
2. use and be preset at the protective cover that waters in the basin brick, in cover, feed inert gas through air inlet pipe or air brick again beam is protected;
3. above-mentioned two kinds of schemes are combined, for example publication number is CN2579558, and open day is on October 15th, 2003, and name is called the totally-enclosed argon for protecting pouring device of the disclosed molten steel die casting of Chinese patent document of " the totally-enclosed argon for protecting pouring device of molten steel die casting ";
Yet above-mentioned each casting method but has following shortcoming:
1. said method or device can only begin to pour into a mould the back at molten metal the beam around the mouth of a river is carried out the air curtain protection, can't stop to pour into a mould the initial stage beam and in stream steel system, contact with a large amount of of air;
2. the inevitable negative pressure that forms in the running gate system porch of steel stream that falls in the beam casting process and the inert gas that is blown into; If adopting said method and device protects beam; Because there are the gap of certain distance in the mouth of a river and running gate system inlet; Be that the whole protecting system is communicated with atmospheric environment, must cause the suction of a large amount of air like this.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of beam guard method; This method is watered the beam of emerging and is protected through splitting; Thereby realization is covered beam fully, and forms the pressure-fired protective atmosphere at stream circumference, thereby stops the secondary oxidation of inspiratory phenomenon and beam.Another goal of the invention of the present invention provides a kind of beam protective device, and it is used for beam guard method of the present invention.
Technical conceive of the present invention is: adopt argon gas that the metal beam is carried out total process protective casting; Comprising before molten metal is poured into a mould, running gate system being carried out prepurge; In casting process, the metal beam is carried out the argon shield of overall process pressure-fired, thereby avoid in the casting process, molten metal generation secondary oxidation and inspiratory phenomenon; And then realization reduces the probability of the appearance of oxide inclusion, the purpose of raising metallurgical quality.
According to foregoing invention purpose and inventive concept, the invention provides a kind of beam guard method, it comprises the following steps:
(1) a plug ball is placed in the running channel of ladle below running gate system, make running channel and not conducting of outside air, said plug ball is provided with an insertion hole, and an intubate is inserted in the running channel through insertion hole, and said intubate and insertion hole are tightly connected;
(2) before molten metal began cast, through intubate pre-blowing pure argon 3-5min in running gate system, the pressure of said pure argon was 0.3-0.5MPa;
(3) 1-2min before beginning to carry out pouring metal melt stops the pre-blowing pure argon, and intubate is extracted out;
(4) open water after, adopt a masking device that ladle below and space between the running channel port are formed seal cavity, finish from beginning to be poured into to pour into a mould, adopt Argon device blowing argon gas in running gate system all the time, the flow-control of argon gas is at 20-30Nm
3In/h the scope.
Why above-mentioned beam guard method uses plug ball and intubate; Be because when sending into argon gas in the running gate system, intubate just is equivalent to a gas ejector, when its spout is positioned at the thicker running channel in aperture; Argon gas is from its spout ejection; Gas particle on every side bumps, and carries out momentum-exchange, travels forward with having driven ambient gas.Because the thicker running channel of diameter can be counted as the limited cylinder of diameter, when the gas of front was pushed in the running gate system, the gas of back thinned out and pressure decline, promptly causes certain negative pressure at the running channel arrival end again.Therefore the argon gas prepurge before molten metal begins to pour into a mould has lowered to greatest extent and has opened the oxygen content of watering in the preceding running gate system.
The time and the pressure of control argon gas prepurge are because the proportion of argon gas is 1.78g/cm under the normal temperature
3, the proportion of air is 1.29g/cm
3Under the situation of argon gas injection place good seal; Argon gas just can fully spread in running gate system in the 3-5min, makes the less air of severe naturally from the discharge suitable for reading of ingot mould, and this process need only just can be reduced to the oxygen content in the running gate system and be lower than 1.5% level in several minutes.The inventor is through evidence, and the prepurge overlong time can not further reduce above-mentioned oxygen content numerical value, can cause the waste of a large amount of argon gas on the contrary, and the prepurge time is too short, then can not reach this effect.The pressure of argon gas must be controlled in the above-mentioned scope simultaneously; Can not be excessive can not be too small; Pressure will cause argon gas fully in running gate system, not spread less than this value range, and pressure surpasses this value range and then causes air to be drawn in the running gate system from the slit of running gate system.
1-2min just allows to close argon gas source before the pouring metal melt; Be because after closing argon gas; Running gate system is cleaned through the argon gas in early stage, and inner oxygen content has dropped to lower level, and the process that extracts intubate can cause air to spread in running gate system from hole and slit.The inventor is through evidence, and 1-2min closes argon gas source before the pouring metal melt, can guarantee that the interior oxygen content certain hour of running gate system interior (generally this time is about 5 minutes) remains on 1.2 ± 0.3% level.And after beginning cast, beam temperature (according to the difference of molten metal liquidus temperature) can be with the complete scaling loss vaporization of the plug ball in the cast tube up to 1520 ± 80 ℃, and the scaling loss of filling in ball simultaneously also can be with the minor amounts of oxygen approach exhaustion in the running channel.
In the casting process, argon flow amount is controlled at 20-30Nm
3/ h, an argon gas part that is blown into is directly brought in the steel by steel stream, and another part argon gas receives steel to flow photothermal effect volumetric expansion to rise, and at this moment whole masking device covers beam fully, and forms positive pressure environment at stream circumference.This is because the argon gas that is blown into this moment can form the pressure that is higher than a few handkerchief to tens handkerchiefs of external atmospheric pressure in airtight good masking device; The argon gas that so only is blown into could overflow to the external world through the intrinsic small slit of running gate system; And extraneous air can get in the middle of the atmosphere of stream circumference extremely less, has therefore played the effect of beam is complete and isolate from outer air.
Preferably, the distance of the lower port of intubate insertion running channel is in the said step (1): apart from running channel port 600-800mm.This distance value is that the inventor tests through a large amount of, the minimum preferred result of oxygen content before the realization that checking obtains is opened and watered in the running gate system.
Correspondingly, the present invention also provides employed protective device in the above-mentioned beam guard method process, and this protective device comprises:
One plug ball near the port of said running channel, is located in the running channel, and said plug ball is provided with an insertion hole;
One intubate, it passes the insertion hole on the said plug ball, inserts in the running channel, is used to realize protecting the conducting of source of the gas and running channel;
One masking device, its with said ladle lower end under mouth of a river cover be connected, and be connected with the upper end outer wall of said running channel, said Argon device is located in the masking device.
Preferably, said masking device comprises:
One protection bobbin is connected with the following mouth of a river of ladle lower end;
One liner is located between the following mouth of a river of said protection bobbin and ladle lower end, in order to reduce to protect the slit of bobbin and junction, the following mouth of a river, realizes the sealing between protection bobbin and the ladle outer wall;
One flexible mask, its upper end is connected with said protection bobbin, and its lower end is connected with the outer wall of said running channel, and beam is covered fully.
Preferably, have a thief hatch on the said protection bobbin.
Existing beam protective device all can not protect effect to carry out on-line monitoring effectively to it; And the setting of thief hatch in the present technique scheme; Make the gas in the masking device under the effect of aspiration pump, to extract out; Thereby the atmosphere oxygen content to stream circumference in the whole casting process is carried out continuous detection, can onlinely carry out technology according to the result who detects and adjust and the validity of protective device is assessed.
Preferably, the material of said plug ball is plastic sheeting or absorbent cotton, uses this type material itself can not pollute molten metal.
Preferably, the material of said flexible mask is ceramic fiber spun article or fiberglass filament ceramic fibre, and its burn out rate is 10-20%.
Preferably, the material of said liner is ceramic fiber paper or ceramic fiber spun article, high temperature resistant linear shrinkage ratio≤3.5%.
The present invention makes it more existing beam guard method through adopting technique scheme, has following advantage:
(1) in earlier stage the beam of emerging is effectively protected through opening to water, made that opening the oxygen levels of watering in the preceding running gate system is lower than 1.5%;
(2) cover mouth of a river beam in the casting process fully, thereby significantly reduced the probability that beam contacts with atmosphere in the whole casting process, oxygen levels is lower than 0.5% in the stream circumference atmosphere;
(2) beam guard method of the present invention can further reduce the content of oxygen in the steel, hydrogen, nitrogen;
(3) beam guard method of the present invention can reduce 20-50% with the nonmetal oxide inclusion content in the molten metal.
Figure of description
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing running gate system.
Fig. 2 is the sketch map that is provided with of plug ball and intubate in the beam protective device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of masking device in the beam protective device of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 2, this beam protective device comprises: plug ball 5, and it is located in the running channel 4 near the port setting of running channel 4, and plug ball 5 is provided with insertion hole, and intubate 6 is passed insertion hole, inserts in the running channel 4, is used for argon gas is blown in the running channel 4.
As shown in Figure 3; Masking device comprises: protection bobbin 9; It is located at the below at the mouth of a river 3 of ladle 1, and protection bobbin 9 is connected with the lasso of groove with the following mouth of a river 3 of ladle 1 through key, and protection bobbin 9 is provided with sealing ring 8 with the place, slit that is connected at the following mouth of a river 3 of ladle 1; The upper end of mask 10 realizes being connected through the ring-type clip with protection bobbin 9; The lower end of mask 10 is connected with the outer wall of running channel 4 through moldable 11, and Argon ring 9 is located in this masking device, has some argon blowing holes on the Argon ring 9.Have thief hatch 7 on the protection bobbin 9, be used for gas is carried out on-line sampling.
All be that the rising pouring process of the high-carbon-chromium bearing steel of 0.97%C-1.80%Cr-0.45%Mo is carried out the protection of overall process beam among the embodiment 1-5 of present technique scheme, and assess the different-effect of present technique scheme and the generation of prior art scheme through analyzing finished product and the nitrogen content of cast back finished product before the cast.
Before the cast, the beam protective device is checked confirm whether the argon blowing hole of Argon ring is unimpeded, should in time be handled or change if stop up.The air-tightness of confirming masking device is good.Carry out the beam protection according to the following step:
(1) will be that the plug bulb stopper of 90mm is gone in the running channel of running gate system by the sphere diameter that plastic sheeting is made; Plug ball journal heart place has the insertion hole that the aperture is 8mm; Use the rubber intubate in 10mm aperture to pass insertion hole; Insert in the running channel, insertion depth is that the other end of rubber intubate connects the argon gas air supply source apart from its port 600-800mm.
(2) open the argon gas valve, feed 99% straight argon and carry out prepurge, air supply source pressure is controlled at 0.3Mpa-0.5Mpa.Whole purge was carried out 5 minutes.Use oxygen analyzer that the oxygen content in the ingot mould is detected then, analysis result remains on 1.26% for the interior oxygen content of whole running gate system this moment, confirms to meet pouring condition; Continue to keep the purging state of argon gas; 1-2min before the cast beginning stops to purge, and intubate is extracted out.The concrete technological parameter of this step is referring to table 1.
(3) the control pouring truck moves to the cast station with ladle and masking device; Masking device is forming seal cavity below the ladle and between the running channel port; Begin cast then; Finish from beginning to be poured into cast, adopt Argon device blowing argon gas in running gate system all the time, the flow-control of argon gas is at 20-30Nm
3In/h the scope.The interior oxygen content of mask this moment remains on the level below 0.5% through mensuration.The concrete technological parameter of this step is referring to table 1.
After first wharve waters and finishes, accomplish whole casting process thereby operate equally according to said method.
Adopt aspiration pump from thief hatch with the sampling of appearance gas, send into instrument through modes such as filtration, coolings after with the dedusting of appearance gas, cooling, dehumidifying then and carry out amount of analysis.
Find that after contrast adopt traditional beam guard method, the nitrogen pick-up of casting process is at 35-40ppm; And adopt the described beam guard method of present technique scheme, the nitrogen pick-up of casting process is less than 5ppm.
Table 1
Be noted that above enumerate be merely specific embodiment of the present invention, obviously the invention is not restricted to above embodiment, many similar variations are arranged thereupon.If those skilled in the art all should belong to protection scope of the present invention from all distortion that content disclosed by the invention directly derives or associates.
Claims (8)
1. a beam guard method is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) a plug ball is placed in the running channel of ladle below running gate system, make running channel and not conducting of outside air, said plug ball is provided with an insertion hole, and an intubate is inserted in the running channel through insertion hole, and said intubate and insertion hole are tightly connected;
(2) before molten metal began cast, through intubate pre-blowing pure argon 3-5min in running gate system, the pressure of said pure argon was 0.3-0.5MPa;
(3) 1-2min before beginning to carry out pouring metal melt stops the pre-blowing pure argon, and intubate is extracted out;
(4) open water after, adopt a masking device that ladle below and space between the running channel port are formed seal cavity, finish from beginning to be poured into to pour into a mould, adopt Argon device blowing argon gas in running gate system all the time, the flow-control of argon gas is at 20-30Nm
3In/h the scope.
2. beam guard method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the distance of the lower port of intubate insertion running channel is in the said step (1): apart from running channel port 600-800mm.
3. the protective device that beam guard method as claimed in claim 1 is used is characterized in that, comprising:
One plug ball is located in the running channel near the port of said running channel, and said plug ball is provided with an insertion hole;
One intubate, it passes the insertion hole on the said plug ball, inserts in the running channel, is used to realize protecting the conducting of source of the gas and running channel;
One masking device, it is connected with said ladle lower end, and is connected with the upper end outer wall of said running channel, and said Argon device is located in the masking device.
4. the protective device that beam guard method as claimed in claim 3 is used is characterized in that said masking device comprises:
One protection bobbin is connected with the following mouth of a river cover of ladle lower end;
One liner is located between the following mouth of a river cover of said protection bobbin and ladle;
One flexible mask, its upper end is connected with said protection bobbin, and its lower end is connected with the outer wall of said running channel upper end.
5. the protective device that beam guard method as claimed in claim 4 is used is characterized in that, has a thief hatch on the said protection bobbin.
6. like any protective device that described beam guard method is used among the claim 3-5, it is characterized in that the material of said plug ball is plastic sheeting or absorbent cotton.
7. the protective device that beam guard method as claimed in claim 4 is used is characterized in that the material of said flexible mask is ceramic fiber spun article or fiberglass filament ceramic fibre, and its burn out rate is 10-20%.
8. the protective device that beam guard method as claimed in claim 4 is used is characterized in that the material of said liner is ceramic fiber paper or ceramic fiber spun article, high temperature resistant linear shrinkage ratio≤3.5%.
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| CN 201010290769 CN102407296B (en) | 2010-09-25 | 2010-09-25 | Pouring stream protection method and protection device |
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| CN 201010290769 CN102407296B (en) | 2010-09-25 | 2010-09-25 | Pouring stream protection method and protection device |
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| CN102407296B CN102407296B (en) | 2013-04-24 |
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| CN102794398A (en) * | 2012-09-12 | 2012-11-28 | 济钢集团有限公司 | Die casting process using protective gas for casting and special casting box |
| CN102794399A (en) * | 2012-09-12 | 2012-11-28 | 济钢集团有限公司 | Casting process for pre-introducing protective gas into casting die and special casting equipment |
| CN104107887A (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2014-10-22 | 宝钢特钢有限公司 | Injection flow protection device and method for die casting pouring |
| CN106077579A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2016-11-09 | 三鑫重工机械有限公司 | A kind of pouring procedure of 600MW boundary over zero Steam Turbine's Main Vaper Valve sand mold steel-casting |
| CN106141158A (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2016-11-23 | 江苏天工工具有限公司 | A kind of argon protective device of pouring in steel smelting |
| CN106890990A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-27 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of totally-enclosed airtight protection device of rising pouring steel ingot feed trumpet and guard method |
| CN109848378A (en) * | 2019-03-30 | 2019-06-07 | 江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司 | A kind of whole hermetically sealed gas-shield pouring device of ingot casting mould steel ingot |
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| CN110788286A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-02-14 | 江苏联峰能源装备有限公司 | Steel ingot protection pouring device and method thereof |
| CN111922329A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2020-11-13 | 天工爱和特钢有限公司 | Novel argon gas safety cover of pouring usefulness is smelted to mould steel |
| CN112355254A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-02-12 | 上海电气上重铸锻有限公司 | Manufacturing method of ultralow-nitrogen bottom pouring steel ingot |
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| CN102794399A (en) * | 2012-09-12 | 2012-11-28 | 济钢集团有限公司 | Casting process for pre-introducing protective gas into casting die and special casting equipment |
| CN102794398A (en) * | 2012-09-12 | 2012-11-28 | 济钢集团有限公司 | Die casting process using protective gas for casting and special casting box |
| CN104107887A (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2014-10-22 | 宝钢特钢有限公司 | Injection flow protection device and method for die casting pouring |
| CN104107887B (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2016-08-03 | 宝钢特钢有限公司 | A kind of molding cast beam protection device and method |
| CN106141158A (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2016-11-23 | 江苏天工工具有限公司 | A kind of argon protective device of pouring in steel smelting |
| CN106890990A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-27 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of totally-enclosed airtight protection device of rising pouring steel ingot feed trumpet and guard method |
| CN106077579A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2016-11-09 | 三鑫重工机械有限公司 | A kind of pouring procedure of 600MW boundary over zero Steam Turbine's Main Vaper Valve sand mold steel-casting |
| CN109848378A (en) * | 2019-03-30 | 2019-06-07 | 江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司 | A kind of whole hermetically sealed gas-shield pouring device of ingot casting mould steel ingot |
| CN111922329A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2020-11-13 | 天工爱和特钢有限公司 | Novel argon gas safety cover of pouring usefulness is smelted to mould steel |
| CN111922329B (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2024-04-26 | 江苏天工爱和科技有限公司 | Novel argon protection cover for die steel smelting and casting |
| CN110747314A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2020-02-04 | 江苏星源电站冶金设备制造有限公司 | Casting process for producing roller skin |
| CN110788286A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-02-14 | 江苏联峰能源装备有限公司 | Steel ingot protection pouring device and method thereof |
| CN110788286B (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2023-11-17 | 江苏联峰能源装备有限公司 | Steel ingot protection pouring device and method thereof |
| CN112355254A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-02-12 | 上海电气上重铸锻有限公司 | Manufacturing method of ultralow-nitrogen bottom pouring steel ingot |
| CN114160777A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-03-11 | 安徽林洪重工科技有限公司 | Steel ingot covering slag adding method capable of effectively controlling slag rolling |
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